Modern, data-driven medical research requires the processing of sensitive health data on a large scale. However, this data is subject to special protection under the GDPR, which is why processing regularly raises data protection concerns in practice. These concerns are particularly prevalent when sensitive personal data is processed without informed consent. This article analyses options for data processing in the field of medical research without consent and describes the legal framework for anonymisation under the GDPR, the national Austrian implementation of the research exemption, and their interaction. -- Moderne, datengetriebene medizinische Forschung erfordert die Verarbeitung sensibler Gesundheitsdaten in grossem Ausmass. Diese sind im System der DSGVO jedoch besonders geschützt, weswegen einer rechtssicheren Verarbeitung in der Praxis regelmässig datenschutzrechtliche Bedenken entgegenstehen. Diese Bedenken bestehen insbesondere bei Verarbeitung sensibler personenbezogener Daten ohne informierte Einwilligung. Dieser Beitrag analysiert daher Möglichkeiten zur Datenverarbeitung im Bereich der medizinischen Forschung fernab der Einwilligung und beschreibt hierfür das rechtlic
This study presents the first ex-vivo positronium imaging of human tissues using the modular J-PET scanner with the $^{44}$Sc radionuclide. The $^{44}$Sc isotope was produced via the $^{44}$Ca(p, n)$^{44}$Sc nuclear reaction and used to perform positronium imaging of phantom composed of human adipose tissue, cardiac myxoma tissue, thrombi blood clot, and also porous polymer XAD4, and a certified reference material (CRM) made from fused silica. The experiment demonstrates the suitability of $^{44}$Sc as a positron source for positronium imaging. The performance of J-PET for positronium imaging with $^{44}$Sc was validated by proper reconstruction of the mean orthopositronium lifetime for CRM material and XAD-4 polymer. The mean ortho-positronium (oPs) lifetimes determined for adipose tissue, cardiac myxoma tissues and thrombi were consistent with results of previous experiments. The study highlights the potential $^{44}$Sc radionuclide for positronium lifetime imaging (PLI).
Deep learning advanced to one of the most important technologies in almost all medical fields. Especially in areas, related to medical imaging it plays a big role. However, in interventional radiotherapy (brachytherapy) deep learning is still in an early phase. In this review, first, we investigated and scrutinised the role of deep learning in all processes of interventional radiotherapy and directly related fields. Additionally we summarised the most recent developments. To reproduce results of deep learning algorithms both source code and training data must be available. Therefore, a second focus of this work was on the analysis of the availability of open source, open data and open models. In our analysis, we were able to show that deep learning plays already a major role in some areas of interventional radiotherapy, but is still hardly presented in others. Nevertheless, its impact is increasing with the years, partly self-propelled but also influenced by closely related fields. Open source, data and models are growing in number but are still scarce and unevenly distributed among different research groups. The reluctance in publishing code, data and models limits reproducibility
A newly developed material can control and "program" heat, allowing it to direct thermal radiation, switch modes, and remember its settings without continuous power。 The innovation could lead to smarter infrared sensors, better energy technologies, and memory devices that use light and heat instead of electrical charges
A groundbreaking superconducting X-ray spectrometer has begun operation at BESSY II, giving Europe its first TES-based system and boosting photon detection efficiency by up to 1,000 times。 The advance enables scientists to explore atomically thin materials, nanostructures, and ultra-dilute samples with remarkable speed and sensitivity
A surprisingly simple fuel modification could help tackle one of diesel engines’ biggest problems: pollution。 Researchers reviewing studies from around the world found that mixing small amounts of water into diesel fuel can dramatically reduce harmful emissions, including nitrogen oxides and soot, while maintaining or even improving engine efficien
Ars analysis suggests the 9-year-old console could keep selling for years
There's still a slew of questions about why some people develop alpha-gal syndrome
Researchers have created quantum control techniques that can make a system appear to run backward in time。 By precisely managing quantum measurements, they can reshape the system's arrow of time and even harvest energy from the measurement process itself。 The breakthrough could lead to more powerful quantum computers, quantum batteries, and other a
NASA’s upgraded Cold Atom Lab is turning the International Space Station into a frontier for quantum research, creating ultra-cold matter that behaves in astonishing ways。 The experiments could unlock new discoveries about the universe while paving the way for powerful future technologies in space and on Earth
Scientists have uncovered a new explanation for what powers Yellowstone and other supervolcanoes。 Instead of a deep plume rising from near Earth’s core, a broad “mantle wind” may push hot rock beneath Yellowstone, generating magma closer to the surface。 This process helps create a massive underground magma network and may explain how supervolcanoes
Quantum mechanics has journeyed from a strange and controversial idea to the foundation of some of humanity’s most advanced technologies。 Now researchers are pushing its boundaries even further, with potential breakthroughs in energy, medicine, computing, and our understanding of the universe
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured a spectacular red, white, and blue view of one of the Milky Way's oldest star clusters to celebrate the nation's 250th anniversary。 Hidden within the ancient cluster are clues to how exploding stars helped transform the young universe into one capable of forming planets and, eventually, life
A centimeter-sized crystal has revealed clear signs of quantum entanglement, showing that large, everyday objects can display surprisingly deep quantum behavior。 The discovery could help solve the mystery of strange metals while opening new possibilities for ultra-precise quantum sensors and other advanced technologies
A new AI-powered framework could transform how astronomers measure the expansion of the Universe。 By analyzing images of Type Ia supernovae and modeling their environments in unprecedented detail, researchers can estimate cosmic distances with near-spectroscopic accuracy。 The technique is designed for the flood of data expected from the upcoming Ve
Physicists have developed a new optical centrifuge that can precisely spin molecules inside a superfluid for the first time。 The advance could help unravel some of the biggest mysteries of quantum liquids and reveal how superfluidity breaks down at the atomic scale
A new study suggests Earth may have been sending tiny hitchhikers to Venus for billions of years。 Researchers found that asteroid impacts could launch microbes into space, where some might survive the journey and end up suspended in Venus' clouds。 If future missions detect life there, there's a surprising chance it didn't originate on Venus at all—
Two newly confirmed "super-puff" planets are so diffuse that they are less dense than cotton candy, despite being about the size of Jupiter。 Their rare orbital relationship and enormous, lightweight atmospheres could provide valuable clues about how some of the strangest planets in the galaxy come to exist
Drone intruders that possibly flew from Russian ships showed Europe isn’t ready
Anthropic accused of spying on users; engineer says “experiment” is over