Fossilized dinosaur bones from Wyoming are offering a rare glimpse into the feeding behavior of Tyrannosaurus rex。 Researchers examined more than 3,000 bones dating back 72 to 66 million years and found just 12 with possible tooth traces, including four with patterns that closely matched the shape and spacing of T
Scientists have named a newly discovered beetle genus Luffy, inspired by the stretchy hero of the manga and anime One Piece。 The insects have unusually long, slender mandibles, antennae, and mouthparts that resemble Luffy’s rubber-like ability to extend his body
Animal bones preserved in South Australia’s underwater caves reveal distinctive clues shaped by darkness, algae, bacteria, and other environmental conditions。 The findings give scientists a powerful new way to reconstruct how ancient megafauna remains entered and survived in submerged cave systems
The current density-voltage characteristic (JV) is a critical tool for understanding the behaviour of solar cells. In this article, we present an overview of the key aspects of JV analysis and introduce a user-friendly flowchart that facilitates the swift identification of the most probable limiting process in a solar cell, based mainly on the outcomes of light-intensity-dependent JV measurements. The flowchart was developed through extensive drift-diffusion simulations and a rigorous review of the literature, with a specific focus on perovskite and organic solar cells. Moreover, the flowchart proposes supplementary experiments that can be conducted to obtain a more precise prediction of the primary performance losses. It therefore serves as an optimal starting point to analyse performance losses of solar cells.
The recently reported magnetic ordering in insulating two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as chromium triiodide (CrI$_3$) and chromium tribromide (CrBr$_3$), opens new possibilities for the fabrication of magneto-electronic devices based on 2D systems. Inevitably, the magnetization and spin dynamics in 2D magnets are strongly linked to Joule heating. Therefore, understanding the coupling between spin, charge and heat, i.e. spin caloritronic effects, is crucial. However, spin caloritronics in 2D ferromagnets remains mostly unexplored, due to their instability in air. Here we develop a fabrication method that integrates spin-active contacts with 2D magnets through hBN encapsulation, allowing us to explore the spin caloritronic effects in these materials. The angular dependence of the thermal spin signal of the CrBr$_3$/Pt system is studied, for different conditions of magnetic field and heating current. We highlight the presence of a significant magnetic proximity effect from CrBr$_3$ on Pt revealed by an anomalous Nernst effect in Pt, and suggest the contribution of the spin Seebeck effect from CrBr$_3$. These results pave the way for future magnonic devices using air-sensitive 2D
Researchers have found a way to build much larger “twisted” oxide materials while precisely controlling how their atomic layers line up。 Because these materials can be made over large areas and transferred onto different surfaces, the technique could help turn twistronics from a laboratory curiosity into a practical platform for next-generation ele
Mathematicians have shown that no electoral system can perfectly balance local representation, proportional national results, and a fixed-size parliament once enough parties compete。 A newly proposed voting method could soften these unavoidable trade-offs and produce outcomes that are much closer to fair
Dying Sun-like stars may not fade away quietly。 As blobs of gas erupt unevenly from their swollen surfaces, each burst gives the star a tiny push in the opposite direction。 Thousands of these random kicks could eventually break apart distant stellar pairs or, in rare cases, drive two stars into a violent collision
The solar wind may be stripping away Mars’ atmosphere by creating giant rolling waves along its outer edge。 Data from MAVEN and Tianwen-1 show that these waves form plasma clouds that carry atmospheric particles into space。 The process is concentrated on one side of Mars and may have played a major role in drying out the once potentially habitable
Researchers have created cosmic dust from scratch by recreating space-like conditions inside glass tubes。 The dust contains complex carbon-rich molecules built from elements essential to life and produces infrared signals similar to real material found in space。 By studying these laboratory samples, scientists can explore how organic chemistry unfo
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We have studied the influence of a particular kind of phason-defect on the Landauer resistance of a Fibonacci chain. Depending on parameters, we sometimes find the resistance to decrease upon introduction of defect or temperature, a behavior that also appears in real quasicrystalline materials. We demonstrate essential differences between a standard tight-binding model and a full continuous model. In the continuous case, we study the conductance in relation to the underlying chaotic map and its invariant. Close to conducting points, where the invariant vanishes, and in the majority of cases studied, the resistance is found to decrease upon introduction of a defect. Subtle interference effects between a sudden phason-change in the structure and the phase of the wavefunction are also found, and these give rise to resistive behaviors that produce exceedingly simple and regular patterns.
Primordial black holes may occasionally pass through white dwarf stars and trigger enormous Type Ia supernova explosions。 Researchers found that these events could explain chemical patterns seen in supernova remnants, nearby explosions, and stars across the Milky Way
Taiwan’s steep, remote mountains have sheltered extraordinary forests containing hundreds of giant Taiwania firs。 After years of difficult expeditions, LiDAR mapping, and citizen-science detective work, researchers discovered an 84。1-meter (276-foot) tree, the tallest known in East Asia
Scientists have identified a molecular switch that may help explain why aging makes the brain more vulnerable to diseases such as ALS and Huntington’s。 In worms, the protein EPS8 builds up with age and triggers signaling that encourages toxic proteins to clump together, damaging neurons and shortening lifespan。 Reducing EPS8 activity prevented thes
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