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We propose a modular, fast and large-area fabrication of bio-piezoelectric films. The technique is based on the formation of cone-jet mode by applying a high voltage electric field to conductive spiked metal disks. And the self-assembly process of biomolecular materials through nanoconfinement with in-situ poling effect. This job achieved print speeds of up to 9.2 109 um3/s with a combination of only 2 printheads. At the same time, the modular design allows the MLSP to achieve theoretically unlimited print efficiency. It also provides flexible configuration options for different printing needs, such as preparing films of different areas and shapes. In short, MLSP demonstrates the ability of piezoelectric biomaterials to undergo ultra-fast, large-scale assembly. Demonstrates good potential as a universally applicable bio-device for the fabrication of bio-piezoelectric films

Bipolaronic superconductivity is an exotic pairing mechanism proposed for materials like Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$BiO$_3$ (BKBO); however, conclusive experimental evidence for a (bi)polaron metallic state in this material remains elusive. Here, we combine resonant inelastic x-ray and neutron total scattering techniques with advanced modelling to study the local lattice distortions, electronic structure, and electron-phonon coupling ($e$-ph) in BKBO as a function of doping. Data for the parent compound ($x = 0$) indicates that the electronic gap opens in predominantly oxygen-derived states strongly coupled to a long-range ordered breathing distortion of the oxygen sublattice. Upon doping, short-range breathing distortions and sizable ($e$-ph) coupling persist into the superconducting regime ($x = 0.4$). Comparisons with exact diagonalization and determinant quantum Monte Carlo calculations further support this conclusion. Our results provide compelling evidence that BKBO's metallic phase hosts a liquid of small (bi)polarons derived from local breathing distortions of the lattice, with implications for understanding the low-temperature superconducting instability

Transition metal ions play crucial roles in the structure and function of numerous proteins, contributing to essential biological processes such as catalysis, electron transfer, and oxygen binding. However, accurately modeling the electronic structure and properties of metalloproteins poses significant challenges due to the complex nature of their electronic configurations and strong correlation effects. Multiconfigurational quantum chemistry methods are, in principle, the most appropriate tools for addressing these challenges, offering the capability to capture the inherent multi-reference character and strong electron correlation present in bio-inorganic systems. Yet their computational cost has long hindered wider adoption, making methods such as Density Functional Theory (DFT) the method of choice. However, advancements over the past decade have substantially alleviated this limitation, rendering multiconfigurational quantum chemistry methods more accessible and applicable to a wider range of bio-inorganic systems. In this perspective, we discuss some of these developments and how they have already been used to answer some of the most important questions in bio-inorganic chemis

There is growing interest in strongly correlated insulator thin films because the intricate interplay of their intrinsic and extrinsic state variables causes memristive behavior that might be used for bio-mimetic devices in the emerging field of neuromorphic computing. In this study we find that laser irradiation tends to drive V$_2$O$_3$ from supercooled/superheated metastable states towards thermodynamic equilibrium, most likely in a non-thermal way. We study thin films of the prototypical Mott-insulator V$_2$O$_3$, which show spontaneous phase separation into metal-insulator herringbone domains during the Mott transition. Here, we use low-temperature microscopy to investigate how these metal-insulator domains can be modified by scanning a focused laser beam across the thin film surface. We find that the response depends on the thermal history: When the thin film is heated from below the Mott transition temperature, the laser beam predominantly induces metallic domains. On the contrary, when the thin film is cooled from a temperature above the transition, the laser beam predominantly induces insulating domains. Very likely, the V$_2$O$_3$ thin film is in a superheated or supercoo

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are localized electromagnetic modes within the continuous spectrum of radiating waves. Due to their infinite lifetimes without radiation losses, BICs are driving research directions in lasing, non-linear optical processes, and sensing. However, conventional methods for converting BICs into leaky resonances, or quasi-BICs, with high-quality factors typically rely on breaking the in-plane inversion symmetry of the metasurface and often result in resonances that are strongly dependent on the angle of the incident light, making them unsuitable for many practical applications. Here, we numerically analyze and experimentally demonstrate an emerging class of BIC-driven metasurfaces, where the coupling to the far field is controlled by the displacement of individual resonators. In particular, we investigate both all-dielectric and metallic as well as positive and inverse displacement-mediated metasurfaces sustaining angular-robust quasi-BICs in the mid-infrared spectral region. We explore their behavior with changes in the incidence angle of illumination and experimentally show their superior performance compared to two conventional alternatives: silico

The needle bio-potential sensors for measuring muscle and brain activity need invasive surgical targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) and a demanding process to maintain, but surface bio-potential sensors lack clear bio-signal reading (Signal-Interference). In this research, a novel power-optimized complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) Surface Electromyography (sEMG) is developed to improve the efficiency and quality of captured bio-signal for biomedical application: The early diagnosis of neurological disorders (Dystonia) and a novel compatible mind-controlled prosthetic leg with human daily activities. A novel sEMG composed of CMOS Op-Amp based PIC16F877A 8-bit CMOS Flash-based Microcontroller is utilized to minimize power consumption and data processing time. sEMG Circuit is implemented with developed analog filter along with infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filter via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Z-transform, and difference equations. The analysis shows a significant improvement of 169.2% noise-reduction in recorded EMG signal using developed digital filter compared to analog one according to numerical root mean square error (RMSE). Moreover, digital IIR was test

Life as we know it requires the presence of liquid water and the availability of nutrients, which are mainly based on the elements C, H, N, O, P, and S (CHNOPS) and trace metal micronutrients. We aim to understand the presence of these nutrients within atmospheres that show the presence of water cloud condensates, potentially allowing the existence of aerial biospheres. In this paper we introduce a framework of nutrient availability levels based on the presence of water condensates and the chemical state of the CHNOPS elements. These nutrient availability levels are applied to a set of atmospheric models based on different planetary surface compositions resulting in a range of atmospheric compositions. The atmospheric model is a bottom-to-top equilibrium chemistry atmospheric model which includes the atmosphere-crust interaction and the element depletion due to the formation of clouds. While the reduced forms of CNS are present at the water cloud base for most atmospheric compositions, P and metals are lacking. This indicates the potential bio-availability of CNS, while P and metals are limiting factors for aerial biospheres.

During the past decades, approximate Kohn-Sham density-functional theory schemes garnered many successes in computational chemistry and physics; yet the performance in the prediction of spin state energetics is often unsatisfactory. By means of a machine-learning approach, an enhanced exchange and correlation functional is developed to describe adiabatic energy differences in transition metal complexes. The functional is based on the computationally efficient revision of the regularized strongly constrained and appropriately normed (R2SCAN) functional and improved by an artificial neural-network correction trained over a small dataset of electronic densities, atomization energies and/or spin state energetics. The training process, performed using a bio-inspired non gradient-based approach adapted for this work from Particle Swarm Optimization, is discussed in detail. The meta-GGA functional is finally shown to outperform most known density functionals in the prediction of adiabatic energy differences for both the validation test and the generality test.

We consider optimizing for different production requirements from the viewpoint of a bio-inspired framework for system flexibility that allows us to study the ability of an algorithm to transfer solutions from previous optimization tasks, which also relates to dynamic evolutionary optimization. Optimizing manufacturing process parameters is typically a multi-objective problem with often contradictory objectives such as production quality and production time. If production requirements change, process parameters have to be optimized again. Since optimization usually requires costly simulations based on, for example, the Finite Element method, it is of great interest to have means to reduce the number of evaluations needed for optimization. Based on the extended Oxley model for orthogonal metal cutting, we introduce a multi-objective optimization benchmark where different materials define related optimization tasks. We use the benchmark to study the flexibility of NSGA-II, which we extend by two variants: 1) varying goals, which optimizes solutions for two tasks simultaneously to obtain in-between source solutions expected to be more adaptable, and 2) active-inactive genotype, which

The still unmet ability of following the fate of specific cells or molecules within the whole body would give an outstanding breakthrough in the comprehension of disease mechanisms and in the monitoring of therapeutic approaches. Our idea is to push forward the bio-nanotechnology to a level where it serves the most advanced 3D bio-medical imaging to provide a multi-scale imaging ranging from the whole organ down to the cellular level, enabling high-resolution visualization of disease-relevant cells within the whole disease-altered biological context. We present here the first proof-of-concept of a novel tomography procedure, Immuno-Histo-X-ray Phase Contrast Tomography (XPCT) that combines cutting-edge XPCT, which provides detailed image of the whole organ, with molecular imaging at the cellular level, identifying the relevant cells via an immunohistochemistry-based approach. We combine metal nanoparticles and a single-domain antibody that target relevant cells. Our results lay the foundation for a new generation of 3D-bio-medical X-ray imaging.

The origin of bio-homochirality is a subject of much debate. The emergence of chirality and life on earth is a break of symmetry to be compared with the breaks of symmetry in the evolution of the universe. Based on a perspective of asymmetry transfer, the chirality at molecular level might stem from electron spin at subatomic level. Accordingly, in this paper a spin-induced chiral selectivity (SICS) mechanism and its outreach are introduced and discussed. The stress force or spin torque derived from quantum electrodynamics (QED) might be the driving force for the transfer of asymmetry and the formation of molecular chirality. Some recent experimental results seem to support the SICS conjecture. If spin-polarized electrons (SPEs) did cause life to become chirally selective, a magnetic half-metal material such as greigite (Fe3S4), a mineral present in a primordial site where life could have emerged, might act as a spin filter to produce SPEs, which then induced the asymmetric synthesis of chiral molecules via the SICS mechanism. All these tentative thoughts may help explain how homochirality and life could have arisen on the early Earth.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is generally observed by excitation of surface plasmon polaritons on the metal (Au/Ag) surface. In order to utilize the SPR phenomenon for sensing application, the metal surface is functionalized with suitable ligands. Although such functionalization can enhance the specific adsorption capability of the sensor however due to large thickness of the ligands, the plasmonic field of the metal surface becomes less sensitive towards the adsorption of analytes. In the next generation SPR based sensor, graphene can be utilized not only as plasmonic material but also a suitable ligand for attracting analytes through π-π interaction. In this article, we present our theoretical simulation studies on the observation of SPR phenomenon using graphene monolayer (MLG), bilayer graphene (BLG) and in-plane twisted layers of BLG (T-BLG) as plasmonic materials deposited over Zinc-Selenide substrate. The Kretschmann configuration under wavelength interrogation setup was simulated and SPR wavelength for graphene systems/water interface was estimated. The bio-sensing simulation was performed and the sensing parameters viz. sensitivity, figure-of-merit (FOM) and plasmonic f

The electronic structure and thermodynamic stability of tetragonal $\rm{BiFeO_3}$(001) surfaces have been investigated using density functional theory. In this work, four different structures having different lattice constants with two possible surface terminations have been studied. We have found that the surface electronic structure and the thermodynamic stability is quite sensitive with respect to the nature of the surface termination. The $\rm{FeO_2}$ terminated surface is found to be energetically more stable compared to $\rm{BiO}$ terminated surface in all the cases. Interestingly, we have found evidences of half-metallicity and spin-polarized two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) at the one mono-layer thick surface in all the structures. The effect of the surface thickness have been systematically studied. It has been demonstrated that the half-metallic 2DHG survives only in one of the structures for all the thicknesses, incidentally, which is the most thermodynamically stable structure.

Four nearby white dwarf stars have been discovered hiding in plain sight beside brighter red dwarf companions。 Hubble's ultraviolet observations finally revealed the long-hidden stellar remnants, including one just 25 light-years away that took nearly three decades to confirm。 The findings match long-standing predictions and suggest our corner of t

Researchers have created self-destructing living plastic that uses engineered bacteria to completely break itself down when activated。 The material degrades in just six days without creating microplastics, offering a potential new solution for single-use plastic waste

Both nominees flailed in their own unique ways as senators sought answers

Scientists have developed a new framework that could finally apply the laws of thermodynamics to real, ever-changing black holes instead of only perfectly stable ones。 The advance may improve our understanding of black hole mergers, evaporation, and the powerful gravitational wave events detected by observatories like LIGO

A new quantum theory bridges two rival models of how impurities behave inside many-particle systems, resolving a problem that has challenged physicists for decades。 The findings could reshape experiments on ultracold atoms, semiconductors, and other exotic forms of quantum matter

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