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Avulsion fractures of the tibial spine, also known as the tibial eminence, are predominantly described in the pediatric population and uncommon in adults. In the presence of a tibial spine fracture associated with a fracture of the proximal meta-epiphyseal tibia, management of the spine fragment remains controversial. The objective of this technical note is to describe the Frosch technique termed the "Robin Hood technique", which consists of fixation of the tibial spine fracture with screws inserted in a retrograde fashion in cases of combined fractures of the tibial spine (due to avulsion of the anterior cruciate ligament) and fractures of the proximal meta-epiphyseal area of the tibia.
Animal dummies (sometimes called decoys or models) are widely used in ecological research to investigate predation, sexual selection, or social communication. The use of this method, however, is generally limited to small-bodied taxa, especially in predation studies. Yet, dummy prey could prove useful in understanding large carnivore behaviour, especially in situations where real-time observations and experimental approaches may be difficult. It is not known whether and to what extent large carnivores will recognise dummy prey as realistic in field experiments, which may hinder the development and funding of research using this method. In this study, we presented African lions (Panthera leo) with dummies visually resembling two types of prey in Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda. Lions showed predatory intent by stalking a dummy in 32% of all visits (N = 7 of 22), in 50% of first-time visits (N = 6 of 12), and in 63% of first-time visits involving a lone lion (N = 5 of 8). Based on our results, we suggest that dummy prey could be a useful tool in the study of the initial stages of a predation event, where a predator approaches its prey. We further discuss opportunities for, as well as potential limitations to, dummy use in the study of predation by large carnivores. We hope that this technical note will facilitate future study design using this methodology and encourage further exploration of the method. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10344-026-02135-2.
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[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1186/s40001-025-02542-2.].
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Primary bone tumors are quite rare spine neoplasms. When they are isolated, to prevent neurological impairment and recurrence, the best treatment is en-bloc negative margins resection. These procedures are often challenging, and technical improvements such as robotics can help surgeons to achieve their goals. We report here the case of a young adult who presented with an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), arising from the rib cage, and involving T12 vertebral body. An en-bloc resection, involving the mass and a right hemi-vertebrectomy was decided in a tumor board. A two- step surgery was planned, requiring a multidisciplinary surgical team implying thoracic surgeons and neurosurgeons. Through robotic guidance, the hemivertebrectomy was lead via a minimal invasive safe and blood sparing approach. Here we describe the procedure.
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Precise quantification of dialysis efficiency requires assessment of solute mass transfer through analysis of spent dialysate. Total dialysate collection is impractical and difficult to implement in routine practice, while partial dialysate collection methods remain insufficiently validated. We evaluated the reliability of the Theraflux® sampler, a standalone device designed to automatically collect 1% of spent dialysate during hemodialysis sessions. This observational study was conducted in a French dialysis center between November 2021 and February 2022. Twenty chronic dialysis patients were initially enrolled; 16 patients undergoing hemodiafiltration were included in the final analysis. A total of 126 dialysis sessions were analyzed. The total dialysate volume estimated by the Theraflux® sampler was compared with the volume calculated by the dialysis machine. Agreement between measurements was assessed using repeated-measures Bland-Altman analysis. The median difference between dialysis machine-calculated dialysate volume and sampler-reported volume was 8.3 L (IQR 4.3-14.8), corresponding to a median discrepancy of 7.4% (IQR 4.5-11.6%). The sampler collected a median of 1.02% (IQR 1.00-1.07%) of total dialysate according to dialysis machine calculations and 0.96% (IQR 0.96-0.97%) according to sampler-derived values. Twelve sessions (9.4%) were identified as outliers. Excluding outliers improved agreement without reducing the average bias. The Theraflux® sampler demonstrated satisfactory reliability for partial spent dialysate collection during hemodiafiltration sessions. Its automated sampling system substantially reduces the logistical burden associated with total dialysate collection and may facilitate future studies assessing toxin mass transfer and albumin loss in routine clinical practice.
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Exophthalmia is an important but poorly documented complication of tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata, especially in neonatal and young calves. It involves forward displacement of the eyeball, periorbital swelling, conjunctival congestion, excessive tearing, and enlarged regional lymph nodes. Systemic signs like fever, anaemia, depression, and weakness often occur. The condition arises through complex pathogenetic mechanisms linked to the schizont stage of the parasite, where infected leukocytes transform into rapidly dividing, invasive cells. These cells infiltrate retro-orbital tissues, creating inflammatory masses that pressure the orbital cavity, resulting in globe protrusion. Simultaneously, inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IFN-γ are released excessively, causing endothelial damage, increased vascular permeability, and oedema. Enlarged lymph nodes block venous and lymphatic drainage, worsening fluid build-up and infraorbital pressure, which all contribute to the development of exophthalmia in tropical theileriosis.
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