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This paper presents a comparative study of near-duplicate image detection techniques in a real-world use case scenario, where a document management company is commissioned to manually annotate a collection of scanned photographs. Detecting duplicate and near-duplicate photographs can reduce the time spent on manual annotation by archivists. This real use case differs from laboratory settings as the deployment dataset is available in advance, allowing the use of transductive learning. We propose a transductive learning approach that leverages state-of-the-art deep learning architectures such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs). Our approach involves pre-training a deep neural network on a large dataset and then fine-tuning the network on the unlabeled target collection with self-supervised learning. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline methods in the task of near-duplicate image detection in the UKBench and an in-house private dataset.

We pose and resolve a seeming paradox about spontaneous symmetry breaking in the quantum theory of infinite systems. For a symmetry to be spontaneously broken, it must not be implementable by a unitary operator. But Wigner's theorem guarantees that every symmetry is implemented by a unitary operator that preserves transition probabilities between pure states. We show how it is possible for a unitary operator of this sort to connect the folia of unitarily inequivalent representations. This result undermines interpretations of quantum theory that hold unitary equivalence to be necessary for physical equivalence.

In a striking glimpse into extreme physics, scientists have captured the split-second chaos that unfolds when powerful laser flashes blast matter into a superheated plasma。 By combining two cutting-edge lasers, researchers were able to track how copper atoms lose and regain electrons in trillionths of a second, creating and dissolving highly charge

"To be clear: Notepad++ has never released a macOS version

Scientists have created tiny “optical tornadoes” — swirling beams of light that twist like miniature whirlwinds — using a surprisingly simple setup based on liquid crystals。 Instead of relying on complex nanotechnology, the team used self-organizing structures called torons to trap and manipulate light, causing it to spiral and rotate in intricate

Intentional errors can be useful

After two centuries of failed attempts, scientists have finally grown dolomite in the lab, cracking a long-standing geological puzzle。 They discovered that the mineral’s growth stalls because of tiny defects—but in nature, those flaws get washed away over time。 By mimicking this process with precise simulations and electron beam pulses, the team ac

Physicists are rethinking one of quantum mechanics’ biggest puzzles: how fuzzy possibilities become definite reality。 New research suggests that spontaneous “collapse” processes—possibly linked to gravity—could subtly blur time itself。 This wouldn’t affect clocks we use today, but it reveals a hidden limit to how precise time can ever be

Astronomers have unleashed a powerful new AI tool called RAVEN to comb through data from NASA’s TESS mission—and it’s paying off in a big way。 By analyzing millions of stars, the system has confirmed over 100 exoplanets, including 31 brand-new worlds, and identified thousands more promising candidates。 What makes this especially exciting is the dis

Physicists have taken a major step toward using AI not just to analyze data, but to uncover entirely new laws of nature。 By combining a specially designed neural network with precise 3D tracking of particles in a dusty plasma—a strange “fourth state of matter” found from space to wildfires—the team revealed hidden patterns in how particles interact

More evidence of Grok CSAM seen as Minnesota passes nudifying app ban

A major physics experiment has uncovered evidence for a strange new form of matter, where a fleeting particle gets trapped inside a nucleus。 This exotic state may reveal how mass is generated, suggesting that particles can weigh less when surrounded by dense nuclear matter。 The findings support long-standing theories about how the vacuum of space i

A massive cosmic milestone has just been reached: scientists have completed the largest high-resolution 3D map of the universe ever created。 Built using data from over 47 million galaxies and quasars, this map could unlock new clues about dark energy—the mysterious force driving the universe’s expansion。 Despite setbacks like wildfire disruptions,

Scientists have developed a fuel cell that uses microbes in soil to produce electricity。 The device can power underground sensors for tasks like monitoring moisture or detecting touch, without needing batteries or solar panels。 It works in both dry and wet conditions and even lasts longer than similar technologies

A team at King’s College London has created a powerful new aluminum compound capable of doing the work of expensive rare metals。 Its unique triangular structure gives it remarkable stability and reactivity, allowing it to drive chemical reactions in ways never seen before。 The discovery could lead to greener and far more affordable industrial proce

A decades-old cosmic mystery has finally been cracked: the strange X-rays coming from the bright star gamma-Cas are caused by a hidden stellar companion feeding off it。 Using cutting-edge observations from the XRISM space mission, astronomers discovered that an unseen white dwarf star is siphoning material from gamma-Cas, heating it to extreme temp

Deep inside planets like Uranus and Neptune, scientists may have uncovered a bizarre new state of matter where atoms behave in unexpected ways。 Advanced simulations suggest that carbon and hydrogen, under crushing pressures and scorching temperatures, can form a strange hybrid phase—part solid, part fluid—where hydrogen atoms spiral through a rigid

In the chaotic first moments after the Big Bang, ripples in spacetime may have done more than just echo through the cosmos—they could have helped create dark matter itself。 New research suggests that faint, ancient gravitational waves might have transformed into particles that eventually became the invisible substance shaping galaxies today

Scientists have created a powerful new way to control quantum systems, achieving the first-ever demonstration of quadsqueezing—an elusive fourth-order quantum effect。 By combining simple forces in a clever way, they made previously hidden quantum behaviors visible and usable, opening new frontiers for quantum technology