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Due to the high diversity of image styles, the scalability to various styles plays a critical role in real-world applications. To accommodate a large amount of styles, previous multi-style transfer approaches rely on enlarging the model size while arbitrary-style transfer methods utilize heavy backbones. However, the additional computational cost introduced by more model parameters hinders these methods to be deployed on resource-limited devices. To address this challenge, in this paper, we develop a style transfer framework by decoupling the style modeling and transferring. Specifically, for style modeling, we propose a style representation learning scheme to encode the style information into a compact representation. Then, for style transferring, we develop a style-aware multi-style transfer network (SaMST) to adapt to diverse styles using pluggable style representations. In this way, our framework is able to accommodate diverse image styles in the learned style representations without introducing additional overhead during inference, thereby maintaining efficiency. Experiments show that our style representation can extract accurate style information. Moreover, qualitative and qu

3D style transfer refers to the artistic stylization of 3D assets based on reference style images. Recently, 3DGS-based stylization methods have drawn considerable attention, primarily due to their markedly enhanced training and rendering speeds. However, a vital challenge for 3D style transfer is to strike a balance between the content and the patterns and colors of the style. Although the existing methods strive to achieve relatively balanced outcomes, the fixed-output paradigm struggles to adapt to the diverse content-style balance requirements from different users. In this work, we introduce a creative intensity-tunable 3D style transfer paradigm, dubbed \textbf{Tune-Your-Style}, which allows users to flexibly adjust the style intensity injected into the scene to match their desired content-style balance, thus enhancing the customizability of 3D style transfer. To achieve this goal, we first introduce Gaussian neurons to explicitly model the style intensity and parameterize a learnable style tuner to achieve intensity-tunable style injection. To facilitate the learning of tunable stylization, we further propose the tunable stylization guidance, which obtains multi-view consiste

Content-Preserving Style transfer, given content and style references, remains challenging for Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) due to entangled content and style features. With a reverse triplet synthesis pipeline to build a million-scale training set and a dual-branch Style-Content DiT (SC-DiT) that decouples style and content via separate ROPE embeddings and causal masking, we observe that such a one-stage training paradigm on mixed style categories causes semantic styles to dominate, hindering texture style learning, and harming content preservation. To address these issues, we propose Style-CCL, a Multi-Stage Curriculum Continual Learning framework that trains SC-DiT from semantic (easy) to texture (hard) styles, and from clean to synthetic data, with Random Memory Rehearsal across stages to avoid catastrophic forgetting. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our Style-CCL achieves state-of-the-art performance in three core metrics: style similarity, content consistency, and aesthetic quality.

Content-Preserving Style transfer, given content and style references, remains challenging for Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) due to its internal entangled content and style features. In this technical report, we propose the first content-preserving style transfer model trained on Qwen-Image-Edit, which activates Qwen-Image-Edit's strong content preservation and style customization capability. We collected and filtered high quality data of limited specific styles and synthesized triplets with thousands categories of style images in-the-wild. We introduce the Curriculum Continual Learning framework to train QwenStyle with such mixture of clean and noisy triplets, which enables QwenStyle to generalize to unseen styles without degradation of the precise content preservation capability. Our QwenStyle V1 achieves state-of-the-art performance in three core metrics: style similarity, content consistency, and aesthetic quality.

Innovative visual stylization is a cornerstone of artistic creation, yet generating novel and consistent visual styles remains a significant challenge. Existing generative approaches typically rely on lengthy textual prompts, reference images, or parameter-efficient fine-tuning to guide style-aware image generation, but often struggle with style consistency, limited creativity, and complex style representations. In this paper, we affirm that a style is worth one numerical code by introducing the novel task, code-to-style image generation, which produces images with novel, consistent visual styles conditioned solely on a numerical style code. To date, this field has only been primarily explored by the industry (e.g., Midjourney), with no open-source research from the academic community. To fill this gap, we propose CoTyle, the first open-source method for this task. Specifically, we first train a discrete style codebook from a collection of images to extract style embeddings. These embeddings serve as conditions for a text-to-image diffusion model (T2I-DM) to generate stylistic images. Subsequently, we train an autoregressive style generator on the discrete style embeddings to model

Style representation learning is a powerful tool for authorship analysis and modeling writing style, yet the latent nature of learned representations makes them difficult to interpret. Recent work has attempted to explain these representations by generating natural language descriptions with large language models (LLMs) conditioned on input text. However, such descriptions are often prone to the LLM's biases and hallucinations, and they lack an explicit objective and practical utility. In this work, we propose a novel framework for interpreting style representations through style-eliciting prompts: natural language instructions designed to steer LLMs to generate text that reflects specific stylistic attributes. We curate 1,010 distinct style features spanning 26 stylistic categories and construct a dataset by prompting an LLM to generate text conditioned on these features. Using this data, we train a decoder to generate a style prompt from the style representation of the generated text. We evaluate our approach on three tasks: (1) recovering original style prompts from generated text, (2) generating text in the same style using the recovered prompts, and (3) steering LLM outputs to

Generating stylized talking head with diverse head motions is crucial for achieving natural-looking videos but still remains challenging. Previous works either adopt a regressive method to capture the speaking style, resulting in a coarse style that is averaged across all training data, or employ a universal network to synthesize videos with different styles which causes suboptimal performance. To address these, we propose a novel dynamic-weight method, namely Say Anything withAny Style (SAAS), which queries the discrete style representation via a generative model with a learned style codebook. Specifically, we develop a multi-task VQ-VAE that incorporates three closely related tasks to learn a style codebook as a prior for style extraction. This discrete prior, along with the generative model, enhances the precision and robustness when extracting the speaking styles of the given style clips. By utilizing the extracted style, a residual architecture comprising a canonical branch and style-specific branch is employed to predict the mouth shapes conditioned on any driving audio while transferring the speaking style from the source to any desired one. To adapt to different speaking st

Diffusion models have emerged as the leading approach for style transfer, yet they struggle with photo-realistic transfers, often producing painting-like results or missing detailed stylistic elements. Current methods inadequately address unwanted influence from original content styles and style reference content features. We introduce SCAdapter, a novel technique leveraging CLIP image space to effectively separate and integrate content and style features. Our key innovation systematically extracts pure content from content images and style elements from style references, ensuring authentic transfers. This approach is enhanced through three components: Controllable Style Adaptive Instance Normalization (CSAdaIN) for precise multi-style blending, KVS Injection for targeted style integration, and a style transfer consistency objective maintaining process coherence. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate SCAdapter significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both conventional and diffusion-based baselines. By eliminating DDIM inversion and inference-stage optimization, our method achieves at least $2\times$ faster inference than other diffusion-based approaches, making it both

Clustering artworks based on style can have many potential real-world applications like art recommendations, style-based search and retrieval, and the study of artistic style evolution of an artist or in an artwork corpus. We introduce and deliberate over the notion of 'Style-based clustering of visual artworks'. We argue that clustering artworks based on style is largely an unaddressed problem. We explore and devise different neural feature representations - from the style-classification, style-transfer to large language vision models - that can be then used for style-based clustering. Our objective is to assess the relative effectiveness of these devised style-based clustering approaches through qualitative and quantitative analysis by applying them to multiple artwork corpora and curated synthetically styled datasets. Besides providing a broad framework for style-based clustering and evaluation, our analysis provides some key novel insights on feature representations, architectures and implications for style-based clustering.

Attention-based arbitrary style transfer methods have gained significant attention recently due to their impressive ability to synthesize style details. However, the point-wise matching within the attention mechanism may overly focus on local patterns such that neglect the remarkable global features of style images. Additionally, when processing large images, the quadratic complexity of the attention mechanism will bring high computational load. To alleviate above problems, we propose Holistic Style Injector (HSI), a novel attention-style transformation module to deliver artistic expression of target style. Specifically, HSI performs stylization only based on global style representation that is more in line with the characteristics of style transfer, to avoid generating local disharmonious patterns in stylized images. Moreover, we propose a dual relation learning mechanism inside the HSI to dynamically render images by leveraging semantic similarity in content and style, ensuring the stylized images preserve the original content and improve style fidelity. Note that the proposed HSI achieves linear computational complexity because it establishes feature mapping through element-wise

When the visual style of text is considered, a wide variety can be observed in font, color, and size. However, when a word is read, its meaning is independent of the style in which it has been written or rendered. In this paper, we investigate whether, and how, the style in which a word is visualized in an image impacts the description that a Large Visual Language Model (LVLM) provides for the concept to which that word refers. Specifically, we investigate how functional text styles (readability-oriented, e.g., black sans-serif) versus decorative styles (display-oriented, e.g., colored cursive/script) affect LVLMs' descriptions of a concept in terms of the attributes of that concept. Our experiments study the situation in which the LVLM is able to correctly identify the concept referred to by a visual text, i.e., by a word or words rendered as an image, and in which the visual text style should not influence the attribute-based description that the LVLM produces. Our experimental results reveal that even when the concept is correctly identified, text style influences the model's attribute-based descriptions of the concept. Our findings demonstrate non-trivial style leakage from tex

Universal Neural Style Transfer (NST) methods are capable of performing style transfer of arbitrary styles in a style-agnostic manner via feature transforms in (almost) real-time. Even though their unimodal parametric style modeling approach has been proven adequate to transfer a single style from relatively simple images, they are usually not capable of effectively handling more complex styles, producing significant artifacts, as well as reducing the quality of the synthesized textures in the stylized image. To overcome these limitations, in this paper we propose a novel universal NST approach that separately models each sub-style that exists in a given style image (or a collection of style images). This allows for better modeling the subtle style differences within the same style image and then using the most appropriate sub-style (or mixtures of different sub-styles) to stylize the content image. The ability of the proposed approach to a) perform a wide range of different stylizations using the sub-styles that exist in one style image, while giving the ability to the user to appropriate mix the different sub-styles, b) automatically match the most appropriate sub-style to differ

Expressive whole-body motion is important for humanoid robots operating in human environments, where robots are expected to move stably while presenting readable and adjustable body behaviors. However, most expressive motions are still obtained from fixed demonstrations or manually designed scripts, making it difficult to reuse a demonstrated style across different motion contents. Inspired by the way human motion styles convey affective and intentional cues through gait rhythm, posture, arm swing and body sway, this paper proposes a bionic generation-to-control framework for exemplar-driven style transfer on humanoid robots. Given a short human style exemplar and a target content motion, the proposed framework generates a stylized whole-body reference that preserves the intended motion content while transferring the demonstrated style. A physics-aware multi-condition latent diffusion model is developed to fuse style, content and trajectory conditions, and classifier-free guidance is used to adjust the style intensity without retraining. To improve hardware executability, contact-consistency and temporal-smoothness regularization are imposed on decoded motions during training. The

Neural style transfer has drawn broad attention in recent years. However, most existing methods aim to explicitly model the transformation between different styles, and the learned model is thus not generalizable to new styles. We here attempt to separate the representations for styles and contents, and propose a generalized style transfer network consisting of style encoder, content encoder, mixer and decoder. The style encoder and content encoder are used to extract the style and content factors from the style reference images and content reference images, respectively. The mixer employs a bilinear model to integrate the above two factors and finally feeds it into a decoder to generate images with target style and content. To separate the style features and content features, we leverage the conditional dependence of styles and contents given an image. During training, the encoder network learns to extract styles and contents from two sets of reference images in limited size, one with shared style and the other with shared content. This learning framework allows simultaneous style transfer among multiple styles and can be deemed as a special `multi-task' learning scenario. The enc

Large language models (LLMs) are typically personalized via prompt engineering or parameter-efficient fine-tuning such as LoRA. However, writing style can be difficult to distill into a single prompt, and LoRA fine-tuning requires computationally intensive training and infrastructure. We investigate a possible lightweight alternative: steering a frozen LLM with n-gram style priors injected in logit space at decoding time. We train an n-gram model on stylistically distinct corpora -- including Don Quixote, CNN/DailyMail news headlines, and arXiv abstracts -- constructing an interpolated 1-to-3-gram prior over next-token probabilities. During generation we modify the LLM's logits by adding a weighted sum of style log-probabilities from each n-gram order that matches the current context, scaled by a control parameter lambda in [0, 1]. We sweep lambda and style corpora and report style perplexity under the n-gram model, base-model perplexity as a proxy for fluency, Jensen-Shannon (JS) divergence between the original and steered token distributions, and token-overlap statistics. On TinyLlama-1.1B we identify a single narrow regime (for the Don Quixote corpus at lambda=0.1) where style p

Image style transfer has drawn broad attention in recent years. However, most existing methods aim to explicitly model the transformation between different styles, and the learned model is thus not generalizable to new styles. We here propose a unified style transfer framework for both character typeface transfer and neural style transfer tasks leveraging style and content separation. A key merit of such framework is its generalizability to new styles and contents. The overall framework consists of style encoder, content encoder, mixer and decoder. The style encoder and content encoder are used to extract the style and content representations from the corresponding reference images. The mixer integrates the above two representations and feeds it into the decoder to generate images with the target style and content. During training, the encoder networks learn to extract styles and contents from limited size of style/content reference images. This learning framework allows simultaneous style transfer among multiple styles and can be deemed as a special `multi-task' learning scenario. The encoders are expected to capture the underlying features for different styles and contents which

Like text, programs have styles, and certain programming styles are more desirable than others for program readability, maintainability, and performance. Code style transfer, however, is difficult to automate except for trivial style guidelines such as limits on line length. Inspired by the success of using language models for text style transfer, we investigate if code language models can perform code style transfer. Code style transfer, unlike text transfer, has rigorous requirements: the system needs to identify lines of code to change, change them correctly, and leave the rest of the program untouched. We designed CSB (Code Style Benchmark), a benchmark suite of code style transfer tasks across five categories including converting for-loops to list comprehensions, eliminating duplication in code, adding decorators to methods, etc. We then used these tests to see if large pre-trained code language models or fine-tuned models perform style transfer correctly, based on rigorous metrics to test that the transfer did occur, and the code still passes functional tests. Surprisingly, language models failed to perform all of the tasks, suggesting that they perform poorly on tasks that r

Disentanglement of a speaker's timbre and style is very important for style transfer in multi-speaker multi-style text-to-speech (TTS) scenarios. With the disentanglement of timbres and styles, TTS systems could synthesize expressive speech for a given speaker with any style which has been seen in the training corpus. However, there are still some shortcomings with the current research on timbre and style disentanglement. The current method either requires single-speaker multi-style recordings, which are difficult and expensive to collect, or uses a complex network and complicated training method, which is difficult to reproduce and control the style transfer behavior. To improve the disentanglement effectiveness of timbres and styles, and to remove the reliance on single-speaker multi-style corpus, a simple but effective timbre and style disentanglement method is proposed in this paper. The FastSpeech2 network is employed as the backbone network, with explicit duration, pitch, and energy trajectory to represent the style. Each speaker's data is considered as a separate and isolated style, then a speaker embedding and a style embedding are added to the FastSpeech2 network to learn

We introduce Style Brush, a novel style transfer method for textured meshes designed to empower artists with fine-grained control over the stylization process. Our approach extends traditional 3D style transfer methods by introducing a novel loss function that captures style directionality, supports multiple style images or portions thereof, and enables smooth transitions between styles in the synthesized texture. The use of easily generated guiding textures streamlines user interaction, making our approach accessible to a broad audience. Extensive evaluations with various meshes, style images, and contour shapes demonstrate the flexibility of our method and showcase the visual appeal of the generated textures.