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Due to overfishing, eutrophication of rivers and lakes, and irrational stocking practices, the diversity of wild native carp populations has declined, leading to germplasm degradation and a decrease in fish quality, thereby affecting the sustainable development of fisheries. In this study, a novel hybrid crucian carp lineage (designated LWR) was successfully established via distant hybridization using Dongting Lake crucian carp (LC, ♀) and Hefang crucian carp (WR, ♂) as parental stocks. Systematic analyses were conducted on the morphology, ploidy, fertility, growth performance, survival rate, and molecular genetics of LWR. The results reveal that LWR is an allodiploid (2n = 100), with a chromosome number identical to that of its parents. Gonadal development in the hybrid progeny (LWR) was normal, with both sexes being fertile and reaching sexual maturity at one year of age. Morphologically, LWR exhibited intermediate traits with a paternal bias, characterized by a deep-bodied and elongated shape. In terms of growth performance, LWR displayed significant heterosis (approximately 145% and 271% higher than the body weight of the maternal parent at 6 months and 1 year). Molecular genetic analysis indicated that the 5S rDNA sequences of LWR were predominantly inherited from the paternal parent WR, with insertions, deletions, recombination, and mutations detected. The mtDNA sequences exhibited 99.78% similarity to those of the maternal parent LC, following maternal inheritance with sporadic nucleotide variations. These findings offer a new paradigm for hybridization and a theoretical foundation for the improvement and sustainable utilization of indigenous crucian carp germplasm resources, the selective breeding of improved aquaculture strains, and the sustainable development of fisheries.

Understanding how nutrient-specific limitations shape anaerobic metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for defining the physiological limits of yeast growth. Integrating chemostat physiology, multi-omic profiling, and targeted metabolic engineering under strictly anaerobic conditions, we show that yeast maintains a conserved maximum glucose uptake (~14 mmol/gDW/h) under carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) limitation, while distinct regulatory bottlenecks constrain maximal growth rate: ATP insufficiency under C and P limitation, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase scarcity under N limitation. Under these stresses, S. cerevisiae reallocates proteomic resources toward anabolic functions, with nutrient-specific phosphorylation networks compensating for translational stress, most pronounced under N limitation. Building on these insights, a "push-pull" strategy enhancing energy supply (VMA3) and translational capacity (WRS1) increased the maximal anaerobic growth rate by 27.2%, 47.5% and 52.5% under C, N, and P limitation, respectively. These findings reveal energy-translation coupling as the central determinant of anaerobic growth limits and provide a framework for rational strain engineering.

Human action recognition (HAR) in the workshop-style environment poses unique challenges due to class imbalance, fused action boundaries, and context dependence. This study proposes a multi-stage fine-tuning supervised framework for workshop-style HAR based on a 3D CNN, supplemented by an unsupervised post-assessment. A total of 208 clips (100 frames per clip) from two internal and two external datasets were used, along with 183 clips generated from 152 videos in a subset of the public UCF101 dataset for an add-on supplementary analysis. An I3D-ResNet50 (I3D_R50) backbone was used to examine a pilot model for domain adaptation and subsequently optimized for cross-context generalization. In Study 1, the I3D_R50 model with a customized 57-class prediction head was trained on the internal dataset, achieving a solid class- and cluster-level performance, however, spurious co-activations and limited separation among similar actions were observed. Study 2 refined sample allocation and data augmentation, and applied threshold tuning to evaluate within-context adaptation (Test 1) and cross-context generalization (Test 2). Multi-level analyses (class-, clip-, cluster-, and person-level) revealed moderate co-activation and semantic fusion within context, whereas cross-context generalization suffered from structure over-merging and semantic drift. As a post-assessment, Study 3 provided supplementary evidence that the model captured certain semantic co-occurrence relationships, although its performance remained constrained by limited IGE-TREE specific training samples and fine-grained behavioral categories. Limitations include insufficient samples, blurred temporal sequence, and context dependency. Future work could explore domain-adversarial alignment, pose-guided normalization, and temporal contrastive modeling, and selective merging of semantically similar actions to enhance semantic disentanglement and generalization.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most prevalent cerebrovascular disease, with a high proportion of patients developing lifelong disability. Cerebral microcirculatory dysfunction is a key driver of poor IS prognosis. Hypoxia-induced cerebral angiogenesis could improve cerebral perfusion but risks blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, worsening outcomes. We previously found that intermittent hypoxia (IH) promotes cerebral angiogenesis and improves IS outcomes, but whether it maintains BBB integrity during angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established mouse hypoxia models, including IH and continuous hypoxia (CH) treatment groups. We found that both IH and CH transiently increased cerebrovascular permeability via angiogenesis activation. However, IH restored permeability to baseline over time, with astrocyte end-foot wrapping, pericyte coverage, and tight junction protein ZO-1 level in neovessels comparable to controls. In contrast, CH failed to recover vascular leakage and BBB integrity within the same period. Mechanistically, IH uniquely activated both hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α, while CH only activated HIF-2α. HIF-1α-specific activation in the IH group promoted downstream vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-B transcription, which antagonized VEGFA-mediated endothelial barrier disruption and adhesion molecule upregulation. This study demonstrates that IH maintains neovascular BBB integrity via the HIF-1α/VEGFB pathway, providing a theoretical basis for novel IS interventions and targeted drug development.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of insulin glargine/lixisenatide injection (iGlarLixi) vs. insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) in individuals with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in China. This study employed the Building, Relating, Assessing, and Validating Outcomes (BRAVO) diabetes model to simulate 20-year clinical and economic outcomes from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. Baseline cohort characteristics and treatment effects were derived from the Soli-D clinical trial (NCT05413369). Drug prices for iGlarLixi and IDegAsp were sourced from Yaozhi Complication-related costs and utility values were obtained from literature. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The willingness-to-pay threshold was defined as three times China's per capita gross domestic product ($13,448 in 2024) per Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY). Both costs and utilities were discounted at 5% annual rate. One-way sensitivity, scenario, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. Compared with IDegAsp, iGlarLixi treatment resulted in an additional gain of 0.03 QALYs with a saving of $301.38 (dominant), indicating a favorable economic outcome toward iGlarLixi over IDegAsp. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. Within the threshold of $40,344/QALY, the probability of iGlarLixi being cost-effective compared with IDegAsp was 83%. In individuals with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by oral antihyperglycemic agents, treatment with iGlarLixi is associated with superior long-term clinical outcomes and lower healthcare costs compared to IDegAsp in the Chinese healthcare setting.

To elucidate the evolution of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mechanisms in cold-worked Cr4Mo4Ni4V martensitic steel, tensile tests were conducted on a 50% cold-deformed material at 600-850 °C at a fixed strain rate of 0.001 s-1, combined with systematic microstructural characterization. Under this specific strain rate, the results reveal a temperature-dependent transition from continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX). At 600 °C, CDRX dominates, producing recrystallized grains with orientations close to the parent matrix and relatively strong texture. At 750 °C, CDRX and DDRX coexist, while DDRX is significantly enhanced, characterized by grain boundary nucleation and random orientations, leading to a marked reduction in texture intensity; simultaneously, the fraction of recrystallized grains and high-angle grain boundaries reaches a maximum. At 850 °C, DDRX becomes dominant. This transition in DRX mechanism governs the high-temperature plasticity, with optimal superplasticity achieved at 800 °C, corresponding to an elongation of 748%. Cavities are primarily initiated at carbide/matrix interfaces, and their growth and coalescence dominate the fracture process. These findings clarify the temperature-dependent DRX evolution and its role in regulating superplasticity, providing guidance for microstructure design and superplastic forming of martensitic steels.

Drought severely restricts the growth and secondary metabolism of medicinal plants. Blumea balsamifera is a water-sensitive and economically important medicinal species, yet its molecular regulatory mechanisms in response to drought remain largely unclear, which is worthy of in-depth investigation. In this study, four-month-old B. balsamifera seedlings were subjected to three treatments; normal irrigation (CK), drought stress (DS), and rehydration recovery (RW). Leaf photosynthetic parameters, L-Borneol content, and root physiological indices were determined, and transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were integrated to explore its drought response mechanism. Under drought stress, leaf net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance decreased sharply, while intercellular CO2 concentration increased; L-Borneol content showed a biphasic change, and root malondialdehyde content accumulated continuously, accompanied by significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic regulator contents. A total of 9917 differentially expressed genes and 736 differentially expressed proteins were identified, which were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis and other pathways, with photosynthesis-related genes and proteins coordinately downregulated. B. balsamifera adapts to drought stress by activating the antioxidant defense system, regulating osmotic substances, and reprogramming photosynthetic networks. The key candidate genes obtained provide important targets for drought-tolerant breeding of this species, and their reliability was verified by RT-qPCR.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) impairs antiviral immunity; however, the causal link between T2D and interferon-α2 (IFN-α2) deficiency remains unclear. This study used genome-wide association study-based Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate this relationship and validated the findings in an H1N1-infected diabetic mouse model. MR analysis of 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms showed a significant negative association between T2D and IFN-α2 levels (inverse variance weighted odds ratio 0.667; P = 0.000116) without heterogeneity or pleiotropy. In vivo experiments confirmed that db/db mice exhibited more severe H1N1-induced lung injury, higher viral loads, and lower survival rates compared with nondiabetic controls. However, exogenous IFN-α2 treatment significantly reversed these pathologic outcomes. Inflammatory cytokine profiling showed that IFN-α2 downregulated 21 elevated cytokines and restored Fas ligand levels in lung tissue. Mechanistically, Western blotting demonstrated that IFN-α2 inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK1/2 and STAT3, thereby suppressing excessive inflammation. In conclusion, our findings indicate that T2D leads to IFN-α2 deficiency, contributing to susceptibility to viral infection. Supplementation with IFN-α2 effectively attenuated virus-induced lung injury by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 signaling and cytokine storms, positioning IFN-α2 supplementation as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing influenza complications in patients with diabetes. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to impaired antiviral immunity, but whether it drives interferon-α2 (IFN-α2) deficiency remains unknown. We asked whether T2D causally suppresses IFN-α2 levels and whether exogenous supplementation could rescue host defense mechanisms against influenza infection. By integrating genetic analysis with an H1N1-infected diabetic mouse model, we show that T2D genetically lowers IFN-α2 and that treatment reverses lung injury by inhibiting JAK/STAT3-mediated hyperinflammation. Our study positions IFN-α2 supplementation as a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent severe viral pneumonia in patients with T2D.

Delirium superimposed on dementia is associated with poor outcomes yet remains underdetected in home settings. Current detection relies on face-to-face clinical assessment (eg, the Confusion Assessment Method criteria), which is rarely applied outside hospitals. This proof-of-concept study developed a theory-driven framework for detecting delirium-consistent anomalous patterns in home-dwelling people with dementia, using passive smart home sensor data. The Technology Integrated Health Management dataset, an open access resource comprising a clinically derived cohort of older adults (aged 50 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of dementia or mild cognitive impairment, was used. The analysis included 13 patients who had at least 50% valid data for at least one 10-day analysis window, with data collected between April 1, 2019, and June 30, 2019. Individualized anomaly detection algorithms, including Isolation Forest and Long Short-Term Memory models, were applied to identify delirium-related anomalies within each participant. Predictor features consisted of theory-driven digital markers approximating key Confusion Assessment Method criteria, including agitation, disrupted sleep-wake cycles, and disorientation (indexed by activity entropy), along with clinically relevant indicators, such as physiological instability (early warning scores) and urinary tract infections. Using matched thresholds, the Isolation Forest identified 77 anomalies (anomaly rate: 15.65%), and the Long Short-Term Memory model identified 78 anomalies (anomaly rate: 15.85%), with anomalies typically occurring in short temporal clusters; agreement between methods ranged from 0% to 40% across individuals. Feature importance analyses indicated that activity entropy, sleep quality, and early warning scores were the most influential features, with stronger interfeature correlations observed during anomaly periods than during nonanomaly periods. This study demonstrates the technical feasibility of detecting delirium-related anomalies through passive smart home monitoring. While lacking ground truth validation, the approach shows promise for early intervention in community settings. Future validation studies with clinically confirmed delirium labels are essential.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in competitive sports and may lead to long-term functional impairment and substantial career burden. Neuromuscular training (NMT) has been proposed to reduce the risk of ACL injury; however, whether its preventive effectiveness differs by age remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantitatively evaluated the protective effects of NMT across different age groups. Five databases were systematically searched for studies evaluating the effect of NMT on the incidence of ACL injury. Pooled effects were synthesized using random-effects models and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Age-stratified subgroup analyses and meta-regression (using the study-level mean age as a continuous moderator) were conducted to explore potential age-related differences in effectiveness. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria and contributed to the primary meta-analysis. The random-effects meta-analysis showed that NMT significantly reduced ACL injury risk (OR&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.456, 95% CI: 0.331-0.627, p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.001; I 2&#x202f;=&#x202f;14.9%). In age-stratified analyses, the effect was significant in athletes aged <18&#x202f;years (OR&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.365, 95% CI: 0.252-0.529) but not in those aged &#x2265;18&#x202f;years (OR&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.567, 95% CI: 0.291-1.104); the between-subgroup difference was not statistically significant (p&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.258). Meta-regression indicated a positive association between mean age and effect size (&#x3b2;&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.099, p&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.027), suggesting that the protective effect of NMT attenuated with increasing age. Findings were consistent in female-only studies (OR&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.490, 95% CI: 0.343-0.699, p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.001). No significant publication bias was detected (Egger's test p&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.126). NMT significantly reduces the risk of ACL injury in athletes. Current evidence suggests that its protective effect may be greater in younger athletes and may attenuate with increasing age. As the available evidence is derived predominantly from female cohorts, further research is needed to clarify whether a similar age-related pattern exists in male athletes. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251218902, identifier: CRD420251218902.

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has proven to be an effective technique for aptamer selection. Here, we directly integrated the separation advantages of CE into a live-cell system, thereby establishing an integrated and highly efficient CE-Cell-SELEX screening model for bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) without the need for negative selection. The selection progress was monitored through quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, which yielded 7 candidate sequences from the amplified library after four rounds of selection. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that aptamer T-24 exhibited high affinity for BMECs, with a Kd of 111.86 &#xb1; 18.36 nM. Owing to its high affinity and specificity, coupled with its small molecular weight and non-immunogenicity, T-24 holds great potential as a biological probe for the identification and isolation of BMECs. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed by MOE 2022 software to validate the candidate sequences and assist in the identification process. The CE-Cell-SELEX method eliminates the need for negative screening and traditional elution, greatly reduces the screening cycle, and may provide a valuable reference system for the early diagnosis and precise treatment of femoral head ischemia.

The advancement of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) drives the demand for multifunctional ferroelectrics that synergistically combine substantial strain with competitive energy storage capabilities. In this work, the simultaneous enhancement of electromechanical strain and energy storage properties is achieved in (1-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06(Ti0.98Mn0.02)O3-xSrTiO3 (0 &#x2264; x &#x2264; 0.3) ceramics by synergistically employing A-site defect engineering and the nonergodic/ergodic relaxor (NR/ER) phase boundary design. The incorporation of Sr2+ plays a dual role: it induces cationic disorder that expands the polarization difference (&#x394;P = Pmax - Pr), thereby effectively boosting the recoverable energy density (Wrec). Concurrently, it stabilizes a critical NR/ER phase ratio near room temperature, which maximizes the strain while minimizing the strain hysteresis. Consequently, when x = 0.15, the optimized system delivers a large strain of 0.45% (d33* = 562 pm/V) with low hysteresis (H = 10.8%). In addition, the x = 0.25 composition exhibits an enhanced Wrec of 1.06 J/cm3, a competitive energy-storage potential (Wrec/E) of 0.013 mC/cm2, and a high efficiency (&#x3b7;) of 81% under 80 kV/cm. This work provides an effective strategy for developing multifunctional lead-free materials for integrated actuators and energy storage devices.

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) signifies poor prognosis in bladder cancer, yet reliable preoperative prediction remains challenging, limiting personalized treatment planning. In this multi-center retrospective study, 543 bladder cancer patients were enrolled. Of these, 473 patients from two centers were randomly split into training and internal test sets at an 8:2 ratio, while 70 patients from six additional centers constituted an independent external test set. After tumor and peritumoral segmentation, a hybrid model that integrates deep learning and radiomics features was developed. The hybrid model was compared against ten baseline models, including image-only and radiomics-only deep learning models, as well as radiomics-based machine learning approaches. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with five-fold cross-validation. Prognostic value was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with the log-rank test. The hybrid model achieved AUCs of 0.77 (internal test) and 0.75 (external test), surpassing all baseline models. The model-predicted LVI status significantly stratified overall survival in the training set (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) and the internal test set (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.003), with a non-significant trend observed in the external test set (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.151). The proposed non-invasive hybrid model can accurately predict LVI status preoperatively and demonstrates prognostic potential, thereby aiding risk stratification in bladder cancer.

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 kesterite solar cells, while promising for sustainable photovoltaics, are constrained by undefined crystallization kinetics during selenization, which introduces bilayer crystallization with detrimental horizontal grain boundaries, voids, and secondary phases. This work traces this issue to early-stage Se-driven reaction at the back interface, which forms a low-melting-point Cu(S,Se) phase and triggers uncontrolled reverse crystallization. To address this, we propose a thermal-decoupled selenization strategy that creates a vertical Se concentration gradient in the initial stage. This approach decouples Se supply from the Cu(S,Se) formation temperature range, thereby suppressing bilayer crystallization. Consequently, it enables the growth of top-down columnar grains, which enhance carrier transport and suppress recombination, achieving a champion power conversion efficiency of 15.7% (certified 15.3%) in the resultant devices. This approach offers critical insights into crystallization kinetics and is also applicable to solution-processed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells, highlighting its great significance for diverse copper-based chalcogenides.

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Squalene is a triterpene with potent biological activities. Squalene (C30H50) is a linear polyunsaturated hydrocarbon composed of six isoprene units and six carbon-carbon double bonds. It serves as an essential precursor for sterols, steroid hormones, and vitamin D in humans and exhibits antioxidant, anti-tumor, and lipid-regulating properties. In plants, squalene is produced via the mevalonate (MVA) and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways. The key rate-limiting enzymes in these pathways include 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS), and squalene synthase (SQS). Camellia oleifera, a unique woody oil crop native to China, is valued for its high-quality edible oil and as a rich natural source of squalene. This review provides a systematic overview of recent progress in squalene biosynthesis in C. oleifera. It summarizes the structural characteristics and biosynthetic routes. It further elaborates on the multi-level regulatory network modulated by transcription factors (WRKY, bHLH, MYB, and ERF), phytohormones (jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, and gibberellin), and abiotic factors (light and drought). Notably, this review distinguishes earlier foundational studies from recent breakthroughs and integrates emerging progress on squalene's non-canonical functions and pathway crosstalk. It further highlights novel regulatory mechanisms unique to C. oleifera (e.g., CoWRKY15, CoMYB1, and CoMYC2). By bridging molecular regulation with practical breeding and metabolic engineering, this review lays a solid theoretical foundation for cultivating high-squalene C. oleifera varieties. It represents a prominent innovation relative to previously published studies.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma, with survival dependent on risk stratification and multimodal therapy. This single-center study explored the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of pediatric RMS to optimize local management. Methods: Data of RMS patients treated at Shanghai Children's Hospital from 2011 to 2024 were analyzed to estimate event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS), and factors associated with survival. Patients received the Rs-99 (pre-2019) regimen or a modified Rs-2018 (post-2019) regimen. Results: A total of 76 RMS patients were identified. The 5-year EFS and OS for the entire cohort were 71.1% (95% CI, 62.3% to 83.3%) and 72.4% (95% CI, 64.0% to 84.5%), respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in EFS and OS between the Rs-2018 and Rs-99 regimens. Univariate survival analysis indicated that metastasis was associated with prognosis: the 5-year EFS and OS of patients with metastatic disease were 35.0% (95% CI, 18.3% to 57.6%) and 40.0% (95% CI, 27.3% to 75.3%), while both the 5-year EFS and OS of patients with localized disease reached 83.9% (95% CI, 69.3% to 93.6%). Primary tumor resection status was a key prognostic factor for patients with localized disease, with a 5-year EFS of 100% for R0 resection and 46.7% (95% CI, 25.2% to 74.0%) for R2 resection. For patients with localized disease, EFS was comparable between those who underwent delayed primary excision (DPE) and upfront resection. Conclusions: Outcomes for patients with metastatic RMS remain poor. For those with localized disease, primary tumor resection status correlates with improved EFS and OS; additionally, DPE represents a feasible therapeutic option for localized RMS involving complex anatomical sites.

Breast cancer is a type of cancer with the highest incidence and mortality rates among women. PD-L1 suppresses the proliferation and activation of T cells, thereby enabling cancer cells to evade immune surveillance and facilitating tumor progression. Micheliolide (MCL) is a guaianolide-type sesquiterpene lactone with broad biological activities. Our results revealed that radiation upregulates PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cells, while MCL pretreatment can inhibit this effect. Bioinformatics analysis combined with shRNA interference experiments confirmed that radiation upregulates PD-L1 by activating the IRF1-STAT1 signaling pathway, while MCL represses PD-L1 transcription by suppressing this pathway. In addition, MCL also downregulates PD-L1 protein level through accelerating proteasomal degradation of PD-L1. In vivo experiments demonstrated that MCL combined with radiotherapy significantly inhibits the growth of syngeneic tumors and increases intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and the frequencies of granzyme B-positive cells. Taken together, our results indicate that MCL enhances T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity and improves radiotherapy efficacy through inhibiting IRF1-STAT1 signaling pathway-driven PD-L1 transcription and promoting PD-L1 protein degradation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of MCL as an immunomodulator and radiosensitizer.

Quantitative assessment of cellular oxidative stress requires simultaneous measurement of intracellular redox state and extracellular respiratory activity, yet integrated sensing approaches remain limited. Here, we present a dual-fluorescent sensing platform combining a genetically encoded redox biosensor (roGFP2&#x25a1;Tsa2&#x394;C R ) with an optical oxygen sensor embedded in microwell plates for parallel, non-invasive quantification of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxygen consumption rates (OCR) in industrial yeast systems. The roGFP2-based sensor was stably expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( S. cerevisiae ) and Yarrowia lipolytica ( Y. lipolytica ), enabling dynamic monitoring of oxidative stress at population, single-cell, and subcellular levels, while oxygen-sensitive films provided real-time respiration measurements. Using this platform, we identified distinct redox-respiration phenotypes between the two yeasts. Crabtree-positive S. cerevisiae exhibited low OCR and mitochondrial ROS during glucose cultivation, whereas growth on glycerol increased OCR and mitochondrial ROS by ~2.5-fold and 12%, respectively. In contrast, the obligate respiratory yeast Y. lipolytica displayed 3-fold higher OCR and 16% lower mitochondrial ROS than respiring S. cerevisiae , indicating differences in respiratory oxidative burden. Antimycin A treatment reduced OCR by 60% in respiring S. cerevisiae while increasing mitochondrial ROS by 35%, whereas Y. lipolytica showed greater resistance to respiratory and oxidative perturbations. By integrating intracellular redox sensing with extracellular oxygen measurements, this platform enables quantitative coupling of redox state and respiration in living cells. The approach provides a scalable framework for evaluating cellular fitness, stress tolerance, and metabolic state in biomanufacturing and synthetic biology.