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Robot-assisted surgery has expanded in adoption and indication among multiple surgical specialties, including colorectal surgery. It is unclear if access to robotic surgery is increasing equally among all patient populations. (1) Identify the factors that may influence type of surgical approach and (2) evaluate disparities in access and subsequent outcomes of colectomy and proctectomy from years 2013-2020 using a national database. We performed a retrospective study using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program to identify adult patients who had undergone colectomy and/or proctectomy from years 2013-2020. We performed multivariate analysis to identify factors that may influence the likelihood of receiving robotic surgery. Tertiary care medical center. 18&#xa0;years and older, received colectomy and/or proctectomy from 2013-2020. Frequency of robotic colorectal surgery, postoperative complications, and mortality. A total of 125,776 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 61.4&#xa0;years; 12.8% (16,086) of patients were non-White. In multivariate analysis, patients who were female, non-White, underweight or had inflammatory bowel disease were less likely to undergo robot-assisted surgery (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). Although the total number of robotic cases increased year-to-year, the gap between White and non-White patients widened. In 2014, a White patient was 1.51 times more likely to have robot-assisted surgery compared to a non-White patient; odds increased to 1.96 in 2020 (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). Patients who underwent robot-assisted surgery were less likely to have a postoperative complication (OR 0.86, CI 0.82-0.9) or serious adverse event (OR 0.9, CI 0.84-0.97), and had lower odds of 30-day mortality (OR 0.72, CI 0.57-0.91). Retrospective, limited coding in national databases, and database variables. Despite increased awareness of racial and ethnic disparities in surgical care, non-White patients' decreased access to robot-assisted surgery is troublesome. Interventions must focus on closing this gap if we are to provide equitable healthcare.

The expansion of robotic surgery has created interest in resident robotic curricula to develop competent robotic surgeons. While it has been demonstrated that curricula improve technical performance, less is known about resident factors that predispose poor baseline performance and whether structured training can reduce these disparities. Predictors of early underperformance were hypothesized to be attenuated after completion of a multimodal robotic curriculum. PGY-3 general surgery residents (2019-2023) completed a standardized 2-week curriculum. Training included periodic assessment tests, virtual reality (VR) simulation training, and procedure-based simulation with bio-tissue drills. Objective performance across the curriculum was evaluated, and resident-specific predictors of performance were examined. Performance was graded by an expert surgeon using OSATS (range 6-30). Perceived mental workload and stress were measured using the NASA Task Load Index, Borg Exertion Scale, and Edwards Arousal Rating. Thirty-nine residents completed the curriculum. Residents were stratified by pre-test mOSATS; high (top 25%), mid (50%), and low (bottom 25%). Pre-test strata remained associated with VR post-test strata (50% of high performers and 55% of low performers remained in pre-test strata; p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.041). However, pre-test and post-test strata were not associated with final test performance after bio-tissue drills. Higher pre-curriculum comfort predicted high pre-test performance (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.003). Low pre-test performance was associated with male sex (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.010), less robotic experience (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.025), and lower pre-curriculum comfort (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.031). Anticipated career use of robotics predicted better initial bio-tissue drill performance (running hepaticojejunostomy p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.042; interrupted hepaticojejunostomy p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.024). Higher baseline stress correlated with worse final pancreatojejunostomy performance (Spearman &#x3c1;&#x2009;=&#x2009;-0.46; p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.004). Resident characteristics influence early robotic simulation performance, but a structured curriculum mitigates baseline disparities such that initial performance and its predictors no longer influence final outcomes. These findings highlight the value of a robotic curriculum's ability to foster competency and optimize resident training.

Robotic liver resection has predominantly been performed using the da Vinci surgical system, with limited experience reported for alternative platforms. The Hugo&#x2122; Robotic-Assisted Surgery (RAS) system is a newly introduced modular robotic platform; however, its application in hepatic resection remains poorly documented. To our knowledge, we report the first clinical experience of robotic left lateral sectionectomy using the Hugo RAS system in a cirrhotic patient and describe its technical characteristics compared with the da Vinci Xi and single-port (SP) platforms. A 56-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis presented with a 2.8-cm hepatocellular carcinoma in segment III. Robotic left lateral sectionectomy was successfully performed using the Hugo RAS system, with no intraoperative complications or blood transfusion. The operative time was 220&#xa0;minutes. The postoperative course was unremarkable, apart from a Clavien-Dindo grade I wound hematoma, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 6. The modular arm architecture required meticulous setup and docking to minimize arm-to-arm interference, particularly in upper abdominal surgery. Nevertheless, the open-console design and laparoscopic-style hand controllers provided ergonomic advantages and facilitated adaptation for surgeons experienced in laparoscopic liver surgery. This initial experience suggests that the Hugo RAS system can be used safely and effectively for robotic left lateral sectionectomy in cirrhotic patients. Larger cohorts, refinement of liver-specific docking strategies, and expansion of the instrument portfolio are needed to better define the role of modular robotic platforms in minimally invasive liver surgery.

Objective data quantifying the trend of the robotic-assisted learning process remains limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency and progression of surgical skill acquisition during robotic-assisted pyeloplasty by comparing performance parameters between expert and non-expert surgeons using a dual-console system over a 3-year period. A total of 25 robotic-assisted pyeloplasties were retrospectively analyzed; all were performed by a Da Vinci Xi robotic platform equipped with dual operative consoles, operated simultaneously by a robotic expert (C1) and a non-expert surgeon (C2). The procedures were divided into five standardized phases. Surgical performance was assessed using Tracker&#xae; motion analysis software, which measured operative times, console utilization, instrument collisions, and motion efficiency. Trends across years were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (P < .05). A total of 25 cases were analyzed. The total operative time decreased significantly from 210 minutes in year 1 to 185 minutes in year 3 (P = .008). The expert surgeon's console time ratio decreased from 90.0% in year 1 to 14.5% in year 3 (P < .001), with a corresponding increase in non-expert surgeon's console time. A significant reduction in the number of instrument collisions (from 1457 in year 1 to 97 in year 3, P < .001) and a marked increase in motion efficiency (from 14% to 88%, P < .001) were observed for the non-expert surgeon. Phase-specific analysis revealed a steady improvement in the non-expert surgeon's performance across all phases. Robotic-assisted pyeloplasty significantly accelerates skill acquisition for non-expert surgeons, as evidenced by improvements in operative time, instrument collisions, and motion efficiency. The dual-console approach provides a valuable educational framework, facilitating real-time supervision and progressive task delegation. These findings support integrating dual-console systems and objective motion analysis into structured robotic training programs to enhance surgical proficiency and safety in pediatric surgery.

To compare the functional, clinical and morphological results of a standard robot-assisted nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy and with the use of the Retzius-sparing technique. To justify the differences in the rate and quality of urinary continence recovery based on the results of morphological examination. A prospective and retrospective analysis was conducted on two groups of patients (n=223) who underwent nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2013 and 2023. The first group included 110 patients who underwent nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with partial preservation of the Retzius space, while the second group consisted of 113 patients who underwent standard nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. The mean age in groups 1 and 2 was 59,95+/-6,63 and 59,88+/-6,23 years, respectively (p=0,928). Body mass index was 27,46+/-3.38 and 27,02+/-3,41 (p=0,399); PSA level was 8,13 (5,2-10) and 7,67 (5,1-9) ng/ml (p=0,508); the IIEF-5 score was 22,91+/-3,43 and 23,12+/-4,26 in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p=0,466). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups before surgery. One week after urethral catheter removal, in the group of patients who underwent nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with partial preservation of the Retzius space, 52,18% of patients were fully continent; in the second group, 34,53% of patients were continent (p=0,019). One month after catheter removal, urine was fully retained by 67,14% and 58,18% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p=0,002). At three months, 93,82% and 89,17% of patients were continent (p=0,105), and at six months, 98,21% and 96,84% of operated patients were continent (p=0,426). After 12 months of follow-up, urine was fully retained by 98,53% and 97,17% of patients (p=0,326). Morphological examination following standard nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy reveals a minimal number of nerve fibers per unit area in the prostatic fascia. In contrast, when using the partial preservation of the Retzius space technique, nerve fibers are not detected in the prostatic fascia. Nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy using a modified technique for preservation of the Retzius space demonstrates advantages in the rate of urinary continence recovery within the first three months after urethral catheter removal compared to the standard procedure. According to morphological data, this technique allows for the preservation of vascular-neural and ligamentous-fascial structures involved in maintaining continence.

This study evaluated the interobserver reliability of intraoperative soft tissue laxity assessment during robotic-arm assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the Robotic Surgical Assistant (ROSA) system. Although robotic systems have improved the precision of bone alignment, the reproducibility of soft tissue evaluations-critical for achieving joint balance-remains uncertain. We retrospectively analyzed 37 knees from 30 patients who underwent ROSA-assisted TKA. Soft tissue laxity was manually assessed under varus and valgus stress at extension and 90&#xb0; of knee flexion. Two parameters were recorded: joint gap widening and hip-knee angle (HKA). Interobserver agreement was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Bland-Altman plots. Angular measurements, particularly HKA at extension, demonstrated excellent interobserver reliability (ICC = 0.94). In contrast, gap-based measurements showed greater variability, with lateral laxity under varus stress at extension demonstrating poor reliability (ICC = 0.31). Agreement between observers was generally stronger at extension than at 90&#xb0; flexion. Contralateral assessments showed better consistency. While robotic systems improve alignment accuracy in TKA, intraoperative soft tissue laxity evaluation remains prone to interobserver variability. Gap-based measurements are less reliable than angular assessments, underscoring the need for standardized evaluation methods to improve consistency in soft tissue evaluation during robotic TKA.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a robot-assisted laser osteotomy system that regulates both ablation trajectory and ablation depth through dose-effect model-guided feedforward planning. A Ho:YAG laser delivery and scanning module was integrated with a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic platform, optical navigation, and layered osteotomy planning. Ex vivo porcine femur experiments were performed to establish tissue-specific dose-effect relationship models for cortical and cancellous bone under dynamic scanning conditions. The established models were incorporated into the planning layer to determine the number of ablation layers, scan passes, laser parameters, and robotic scanning trajectories before execution. The system was validated on ex vivo porcine mandible specimens using multiple curved osteotomy paths designed from preoperative CT-based three-dimensional models. Quantitative comparison between the planned and executed ablation geometries showed a mean positional error of 0.85 &#xb1; 0.50 mm, a mean angular error of 2.96[Formula: see text] &#xb1; 1.85[Formula: see text], and a mean ablation depth error of 0.51 &#xb1; 0.50 mm. These results indicate that the proposed feedforward planning strategy can provide predictable trajectory execution and ablation-depth regulation without requiring continuous real-time depth feedback during execution. The proposed system provides an engineering basis for sensing-constrained robot-assisted laser osteotomy, while further validation is required to improve model generalizability and assess its clinical applicability in more complex surgical scenarios.

Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor) remains one of the most technically challenging hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies because of its close association with the portal vein and hepatic artery within the hepatic hilum. Current operative management of Bismuth type I and II lesions remains controversial, particularly regarding the role of bile duct resection alone versus combined hepatectomy to achieve oncologically adequate R0 margins while minimizing operative morbidity. While traditionally managed through an open approach, robotic surgery has emerged as a minimally invasive option for selected complex biliary and vascular resections. We present the robotic resection of a Bismuth type II Klatskin tumor in a 72-year-old male who presented with obstructive jaundice and a mid-bile duct stricture. Following preoperative optimization, the patient underwent robotic extrahepatic biliary resection, radical lymphadenectomy, portal vein lateral venorrhaphy, and Roux-en-Y biliary reconstruction. Preoperative imaging and intraoperative assessment demonstrated localized hilar involvement without significant longitudinal extension into the right or left hepatic ducts, allowing bile duct resection without formal hepatectomy while still achieving negative proximal and distal margins. Tumor resection was completed without conversion to open surgery. Portal vein cross-clamp time was 10 minutes. Unification ductoplasty between the right anterior and posterior sectoral ducts enabled dual hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction. At 2-year surveillance follow-up, the patient remained without evidence of recurrence. This case demonstrates the technical feasibility of robotic portal vein lateral venorrhaphy and complex biliary reconstruction in selected Bismuth type II perihilar cholangiocarcinoma requiring dual hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction.

Anatomical variations in the arterial supply to the right colon are clinically relevant in patients undergoing laparoscopic and robotic colectomy, as misidentification of the vessels may lead to inadequate lymphadenectomy or bowel ischemia. A common trunk formed by the ileocolic artery (ICA) and middle colic artery (MCA), arising from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), is an uncommon vascular configuration that may complicate surgical decision-making. A 73-year-old man presented with constipation and abdominal pain. Colonoscopy revealed a circumferential type 2 tumor in the ascending colon, causing luminal stenosis. Histopathological examination of a biopsy confirmed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Using contrast-enhanced computed tomography, wall thickening without distant metastasis was detected. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography revealed a rare vascular anomaly in which the ICA and MCA originated from a common trunk arising from the SMA, accompanied by the absence of the right colic artery. The patient underwent an elective robot-assisted right hemicolectomy using the da Vinci Si&#xae; system. The postoperative course was uneventful; the patient was discharged on postoperative day 8. The pathological diagnosis was pT3N0M0, stage IIa adenocarcinoma. No recurrence has been observed during the 3-year follow-up. Preoperative three-dimensional vascular imaging is useful for identifying uncommon vascular variants and translating findings into a safe intraoperative strategy. The robotic approach allows precise vascular handling in such cases. Awareness of such anatomical configurations may help prevent intraoperative misinterpretation and support meticulous preoperative planning, particularly in minimally invasive and robotic right colectomy.

Robotic-assisted lung resection in patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting presents unique technical challenges, particularly when the left internal mammary artery is adherent to the left upper lobe. Injury to this graft can result in catastrophic myocardial ischaemia. This video tutorial describes a robotic technique for safe identification and dissection of the left internal mammary artery during left upper lobectomy. The case involves a 78-year-old man with early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the left upper lobe and a history of coronary artery bypass grafting using the left internal mammary artery. A robotic approach was selected to facilitate meticulous dissection under high-definition three-dimensional visualization. The tutorial focuses on stepwise exposure of the graft, controlled adhesiolysis, and preservation of graft integrity while completing anatomical lobectomy and lymph node dissection. The procedure was completed without intraoperative complications. We aim to provide practical guidance for thoracic surgeons performing robotic lung resections in patients with prior mammary artery grafts, highlighting key anatomical landmarks, dissection strategies, and technical precautions to minimize risk.

Robotic organ transplantation research remains fragmented and largely kidney-focused, lacking cross-organ synthesis. This study mapped global productivity, thematic evolution, collaboration and intellectual structure through 2025. A Scopus-based dataset of 475 original English-language articles (2002-2025) was analysed using Bibliometrix/Biblioshiny and VOSviewer, integrating performance, collaboration, Bradford's law, thematic evolution and source co-citation analyses. The field showed rapid growth (15.94% annual growth rate) with peak productivity in 2025. The United States, Italy, and Japan were leading contributors, whereas Alberto Breda was the most prolific scholar. A 10-journal core accounted for 35.6% of publications. Themes evolved from kidney transplantation and robotic surgery towards broader multiorgan applications, particularly liver and donor surgery, with strong co-citation integration across transplantation, hepatobiliary and robotic surgery domains. The field has matured into a multiorgan, outcomes-oriented and transdisciplinary robotic transplantation ecosystem.

Robot-assisted thoracic surgery is increasingly used in pediatric patients; however, its application in infants weighing less than 8&#xa0;kg remains limited. We report a case of posterior mediastinal tumor resection in a 6-month-old female infant weighing 5.46&#xa0;kg. A subcostal approach using the da Vinci Single Port system was employed to minimize instrument collision within the small thoracic cavity. A 3.5-cm subcostal incision was created, and the access port was secured without intercostal rib manipulation. The operative field was maintained using CO2 insufflation at 3 mmHg. A 7.0-cm cystic tumor was successfully resected. The total operative time was 132&#xa0;min. This intercostal-sparing technique may reduce intercostal nerve injury and subsequent long-term musculoskeletal complications. Subcostal single-port robotic surgery appears to be a safe and feasible minimally invasive option for infants weighing less than 8&#xa0;kg.

Virtual reality-based robotic surgery training has received significant attention in recent years due to its numerous advantages, notably improved safety, an&#xa0;enhanced learning experience, and reduced cost. The visual realism and user immersiveness of such platforms are enhanced through the integration of appropriate soft tissue deformation models. This study presents a modified mass-spring-damper framework designed to provide stable, realistic soft tissue deformation while maintaining real-time performance, even for high-density mesh models. The proposed framework extends the conventional mass-spring model by introducing two kinds of spring-damper elements: deformation and restoring components. Optimization of the model parameters is performed through a combination of analytical derivation and empirical tuning. Various numerical simulation studies are performed to assess model restoring capability, numerical stability, and real-time performance. The results show that the model produces physiologically realistic deformation responses, regains its initial shape characteristics when the&#xa0;external force is removed, and provides a stable response in real-time simulation. A high performance rate of 171.11 frames per second is achieved on high-density mesh models consisting of approximately 29,754 vertices. Moreover, the deformation solver consistently maintains an average update frequency of 2828.14 Hz, with a mean step time of 0.354 ms, demonstrating its real-time capability. Additional experiments involving synthetic tissue and a surgical end-effector validate the tissue response to external forces. The ability of the proposed framework to deliver real-time performance on high-density mesh models highlights its suitability for haptic-enabled robotic surgical training environments that demand both computational efficiency and visual realism.

Accurate three-dimensional implant positioning is essential for prosthetically driven implant dentistry and for reducing the risk of injury to adjacent anatomical structures. This prospective randomized comparative study included 180 adults requiring single delayed implant placement, who were assigned to robotic-guided (RG) surgery (n=60), optical dynamic navigation-guided (ONG) surgery (n=60), or conventional freehand (CF) surgery (n=60) groups. Preoperative and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) datasets were superimposed to measure angular, apical, coronal and depth deviations between planned and actual implant positions. Secondary outcomes included operative time, postoperative pain, six-month satisfaction and early complications. The final analysis included 176 patients. The mean angular deviation was the lowest in the RG group (1.82&#xb0;&#xb1;0.64&#xb0;), followed by ONG (2.34&#xb0;&#xb1;0.89&#xb0;) and CF groups (4.87&#xb0;&#xb1;1.53&#xb0;; p<0.001). Apical and coronal deviations showed the same pattern. Robotic-guided surgery required longer surgical time than ONG and CF, but early complications were less frequent in RG (3.4%) and ONG (6.8%) than CF (15.5%; p=0.042). Within the limitations of a single-center study and short follow-up, RG achieved the highest placement accuracy, while dynamic optical navigation provided clinically meaningful improvement over freehand placement. Long-term survival, prosthetic outcomes and cost-effectiveness require further evaluation.

The rapid, non-invasive identification of sealed liquids is crucial for ensuring counter-terrorism security and improving operational efficiency in various scenarios such as airports and large-scale events. Existing technologies are limited by invasive procedures or reliance on vision. In this research, we developed a bioinspired iontronic tactile sensor with an interlocked "protrusion-groove" structure. Its unique biomimetic structure allows for the detection of static pressure and incipient slip within a single device, with a peak sensitivity of up to 1873.83 kPa- 1 in the low-pressure regime and a slip response time as fast as 46&#xa0;ms. A robotic fingertip integrated with this sensor can effectively capture the transient signals generated by shaking liquids. Furthermore, by extracting physical features from the signals and applying a Random Forest classifier, we developed a non-visual liquid identification system that achieves an accuracy of 99.04% &#xb1; 0.47% for different liquids. This work provides a practical solution for non-visual liquid identification and demonstrates a robust approach for enabling robots to achieve multimodal tactile perception.

Transthoracic esophagectomy remains the standard surgical approach for esophageal cancer but may be unsuitable for patients with poor pulmonary reserve. To reduce thoracic invasiveness, transcervical esophagectomy has been developed as a non-transthoracic alternative. This technique was initially established using a left cervical approach and has subsequently evolved through the adoption of bilateral transcervical approaches and the introduction of multi-port robotic systems. This article describes a right-first bilateral transcervical and transhiatal esophagectomy using the da Vinci SP system. The procedure consists of right-first and left transcervical phases followed by a transhiatal phase performed using the same single-port robotic platform. The SP system allows three articulated instruments to be deployed through a single access port, facilitating stable tracheal retraction and precise mediastinal dissection. A right-first strategy enables most upper and middle mediastinal dissection to be completed from the right side, potentially minimizing the extent of the left cervical approach.

Human inspectors conducting road inspections face both heavy physical demands and subjective judgment, which can affect the accuracy of road surface evaluations. This study introduces Mobi-A4Net, an affordable robotic-AI system for automatic road crack detection and assessment, addressing limitations of costly automated systems and lack of integration with existing technologies. The system focuses on an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) platform for detailed inspection work. The Mobile Adaptive Attention Aggregation Network forms the core of the system, implementing a compact deep-learning model with multi-scale attention mechanisms to identify thin, low-contrast cracks within complex surface patterns. Advanced image-processing techniques, including Medial Axis Transform (MAT) skeletonization, enable real-time measurement of crack length, width, and orientation. Experimental results show that Mobi-A4Net achieves 99.7% detection accuracy, a recall rate of 98.8%, and a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 95.4%. With 1.85 million parameters and an inference speed of 9.6 milliseconds per image, the system is suitable for real-time operation on embedded UGV platforms.

To assess time to urinary continence recovery after Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) and to describe early perioperative and oncological outcomes. A retrospective analysis was performed of patients who underwent RS-RARP in 2022-2024. The primary endpoint was time to complete urinary continence (0 pads/day). Time-to-event analysis (continence recovery) was carried out using the Kaplan-Meier method, with cumulative event probability visualized as (1S(t)) and 95% confidence intervals calculated. A total of 344 patients were included. On day 1 after urethral catheter removal, complete continence was observed in 90,1% of patients (0-1 pad/day in 97,3%). Complete continence rates were 92,1% at 1 month and 97,2% at 12 months. Mean time to continence recovery was 0,7 months (95% CI 0,428-0,973). Positive surgical margins were detected in 9% of cases; no biochemical recurrence was recorded during follow-up. Mean operative time was 113 min and mean blood loss was 121 mL. RS-RARP provides rapid recovery of urinary continence with high early complete continence rates and acceptable perioperative and short-term oncological outcomes. Comparative studies versus standard RARP and comprehensive analyses of oncological and functional outcomes are needed to further clarify the advantages and limitations of this technique.

Postoperative ileus is a transient impairment of gastrointestinal motility that occurs after surgery and anesthesia. Currently, there is a sustained trend toward investigating the role of serotonin as a regulator of intestinal motor function. To evaluate the clinical efficiency of serotonin (Dinaton) in the prevention of postoperative ileus, pain severity, and hemostasis parameters in patients after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). A single-center prospective randomized controlled clinical study was conducted and included 70 patients after RARP. In the postoperative period, patients were divided into two groups: the main group and the control group. Patients in the main group received Dinaton in accordance with the official prescribing information. Assessment time points were 10, 24, 48, and 72 hours after surgery. Clinically, patients were evaluated using the VAS (visual analogue scale) and VAS-BLOAT scales. Laboratory assessment included serial measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum hemoglobin. Drain output volume and the occurrence of defecation were also recorded. In the group receiving Dinaton, a significant decrease in CRP was observed at 48 hours (=0,00011). No significant differences were found between the main and control groups in hemoglobin levels or drain output volume (p>0,05). According to the VAS, significantly lower postoperative pain intensity persisted throughout the 72-hour period in the main group, along with a reduced need for analgesics compared with the control group. Abdominal bloating was less pronounced in the Dinaton group (VAS-BLOAT) over three days (p<0,05). Use of serotonin in urological patients after RARP significantly reduced pain intensity and abdominal bloating and decreased CRP levels, indicating a more rapid normalization of the systemic inflammatory response.