The increasing incidence of jellyfish stings from expanding global marine activities necessitates painless therapeutic strategies with real-time treatment assessment capabilities. Here, we present a bioinspired core-shell photonic crystal microneedle (PCMN) patch that addresses this need through dual functionality of both therapeutic delivery and optically transduced monitoring. This device is fabricated by coating hyaluronic acid (HA) shells onto non-close-packed PCMN cores, which are functionalized with chlorpheniramine, while the HA shells incorporate lidocaine as a pain management payload. Upon skin insertion, the patch achieves distinct release profiles of lidocaine (from the shell) and chlorpheniramine (from the core), which are consistent with a structure-dependent release mechanism, addressing the distinct temporal requirements of jellyfish envenomation. Critically, this drug release process is accompanied by measurable shifts in the reflection spectrum, enabling real-time and quantifiable optical monitoring of the release process. The quantitative assessment of drug release can be achieved through the position of the reflection peak in an in vitro agarose-phantom model, allowing direct calibration of treatment progress with simple and portable devices. In a murine model of jellyfish sting envenomation, the PCMN@HA platform demonstrated partially attenuated systemic envenomation within 7 h. This work establishes a theranostic platform that integrates a biomimetic device design with optical signal readout, with potential applications extending to other dermatological conditions requiring temporally controlled pharmacotherapy.
Dynamic control of photonic materials at mid-infrared wavelengths is essential for applications spanning thermal management, active imaging, and optical signal processing, yet achieving strong modulation within small material volumes remains a central challenge. Conventional approaches rely on lithographically patterned metasurfaces with limited scalability, or on ultrathin materials with weak light-matter interaction. Here, we show that cavity-coupled assemblies of sub-10 nm plasmonic tin-doped indium oxide nanocrystals function as dynamic metasurfaces with electrochemically switchable linear and nonlinear optical responses. By integrating colloidal nanocrystals into a photonic architecture, we colocate permittivity modulation and electromagnetic field confinement within the same nanoscale volume, achieving 77% absolute reflection modulation. Synthetic control of tin doping provides spectral selectivity across 2.5-4 μm, while solution processing yields centimeter-scale device uniformity. Beyond linear modulation, voltage-controlled near-field enhancement enables electrically switchable ultrafast nonlinear response with 100% relative reflection modulation (from an absolute 3 to 6%) and 0.25 ps recovery time, enabling dual-time scale optical control.
The nonlinear optical effect is an indispensable theoretical cornerstone and technological source of photonics, leading the development of nonlinear photonic devices towards higher integration, stronger functionality, and wider application scenarios. However, achieving high-efficiency non-reciprocal transmission, low-threshold optical bistability, and flexible controllability within compact micro-nano structures remains a formidable challenge. Here, we propose a symmetry-broken silicon-grating metasurface aimed at realizing dual quasi-bound states in the continuum (Q-BICs) near the optical communication band. By embedding graphene at the site of electric field localization in the grating metasurface, nonreciprocal transmission and optical bistability are simultaneously realized. The strong field confinement of two Q-BIC modes greatly enhances the third-order nonlinearity of graphene, and leads to pronounced nonreciprocal responses (with large nonreciprocal intensity ranges of 3.3 and 3.8 for two BIC modes) and low-threshold bistable behaviour (with low intensity thresholds of 106 V m-1 and 107 V m-1 for two BIC modes). Meanwhile, the intensity of the nonreciprocal response and the threshold for optical bistability exhibited by this metasurface can be effectively modulated by adjusting graphene parameters, such as its layer number and Fermi energy, enabling a single-parameter-controlled dual-functional operation. Moreover, the above parameters can also simultaneously manipulate the nonlinear isolation degree and bistability threshold. Our findings hold promising implications for designing compact, low-power optical switches and isolators, and introduce a promising route for exploring the simultaneous control of nonreciprocity and low-threshold optical bistability.
Two-dimensional van der Waals layered materials combining strong second-order nonlinearity with electrical tunability offer attractive opportunities for integrated nonlinear photonics. Among them, layered III-VI semiconductors such as GaSe and InSe exhibit robust second-order nonlinear responses independent of odd-even layer-number parity. Here, we investigate the thickness-dependent second-harmonic generation (SHG) and electric-field modulation in layered GaSe and InSe. The SHG intensity shows a nonlinear scaling with thickness, enabling quantitative extraction of the effective second-order nonlinear susceptibility, reaching approximately 28.1 pm V-1 for GaSe and 31.1 pm V-1 for InSe. Over a thickness range of 10-120 nm, phase-matching effects are minimal while the susceptibility shows a slight decrease with increasing thickness. Electrically tunable SHG with a modulation depth exceeding 20% is demonstrated in field-effect transistor devices, and reversible electro-optic modulation of evanescent-field-coupled optical transmission is achieved in fiber-integrated structures. These results highlight the potential of layered III-VI semiconductors for electrically tunable nonlinear and electro-optic photonic technologies.
Near-infrared-II emitting materials are of great interest for optoelectronic and photonic technologies due to their superior tissue penetration and low photon scattering. Here, we report photoluminescence studies of Cr3+-doped, and (Cr3+, Mo4+)-co-doped Cs4CdSb2Cl12 layered halide double perovskites. At 93 K, both systems exhibited a sharp zero phonon line (ZPL) from 4T2 → 4A2 transition of Cr3+ center. Mo4+ codoping reduces the full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of ZPL from 1.9 to 1.2 nm, while enhancing Debye-Waller factor (FDW) from 0.11 to 0.29. At room temperature, Cr3+:Cs4CdSb2Cl12 shows broadband NIR-I emission at 757 nm, while Mo4+:Cs4CdSb2Cl12 exhibits weak NIR-II emission at 905 nm. In the codoped system, efficient Cr3+→Mo4+ Förster resonance energy transfer significantly enhances NIR-II emission, thermally stable up to 483 K. Furthermore, a sharp ZPL at 728 nm (below 273 K), with a large FDW and a multimodal emission spanning the visible to NIR-II region at 300 K, was observed.
Understanding the excited state dynamics of colloidal transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is vital for advancing their tunable optical properties toward innovative photonic and electro-optic applications. Upon photoexcitation, alloyed TMDCs exhibit strong exciton-phonon coupling and an associated band gap renormalization (BGR), which is characterized by a pronounced red-shift of the transient absorption (TA) of the materials and which is e.g. highly interesting for signal modulation. Here, we characterize a series of colloidal semiconducting alloyed Mo1-xWxS2 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) nanosheets (NSs) with mono- to few-layer thickness and ∼14 nm lateral size by femtosecond broadband TA spectroscopy. Our analysis allows for the probing of composition-dependent optical changes within Mo1-xWxS2 alloys directly in solution. By changing the molybdenum to tungsten ratio in the synthesis, it is possible to tune the absorption of the A exciton between 614 and 655 nm. We treat the complicated combination of spectrally overlapping sub-picosecond up to microsecond persisting transients in TA spectra by targeted global analysis for the in depth interpretation of charge carrier recombination processes in alloyed Mo1-xWxS2 NSs. We find our model to be particularly well suited for describing the probed decays over a wide temporal range and extract constants spanning from hot charge carrier interactions (0.6-0.8 ps) over exciton-phonon coupling and BGR (29-61 ps) to band gap recombination (2-6 ns) up to trapping of charge carriers (0.6-1.6 µs) respectively. These values indicate that colloidal Mo1-xWxS2 NS alloys are indeed promising for an optical signal modulation by BGR, which is tunable in wavelength (614-655 nm), transient red shift (18-27 eV) and timescale, while solution-processability provides maximum flexibility.
Hybrid metal halide (HMH) glasses are emerging as superior photonic candidates, yet their development is fundamentally hindered by the high crystallization propensity of ionic frameworks. To circumvent this thermodynamic barrier, we report a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-mediated strategy that leverages a dynamically crosslinked hydrogen-bonding network to kinetically suppress long-range ordering. Utilizing a DES architecture composed of 3-aminopiperidine dihydrochloride and 2-hydroxypropionamide, we successfully fabricate amorphous indium chloride glasses that preserve essential short-range structural motifs while entirely eliminating lattice crystallinity. This rigid yet adaptive matrix facilitates efficient intersystem crossing through enhanced spin-orbit coupling and minimizes nonradiative dissipation, thereby enabling robust afterglow emission. Furthermore, the strategic incorporation of [SbCl6]3- centers and organic fluorophores allows for precise modulation of excited-state dynamics via host-guest energy transfer and triplet excitons harvesting, yielding broad-spectrum luminescence from blue to red. These hybrid glasses integrate prompt fluorescence, self-trapped exciton emission, and room-temperature phosphorescence, achieving a maximum lifetime of 283.41 ms and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 46.90%. This multifunctional platform demonstrates significant potential for multilevel anti-counterfeiting and spatiotemporal information encoding. Ultimately, this work establishes DES chemistry as a versatile paradigm for customizing HMH glasses, paving the way for programmable, high-performance photofunctional materials.
Spin-polarized light-emitting diodes (spin-LEDs) hold promise for next-generation photonic technologies owing to their ability to directly emit circularly polarized electroluminescence. Here, we report a multifunctional chiral ligand engineering strategy to realize high-performance pure-green spin-LEDs based on FAPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs). By introducing (R/S)-methylbenzenesulfinamide, strong coordination with surface Pb2+ ions simultaneously passivates defects and induces pronounced centrosymmetry-breaking lattice distortion in FAPbBr3 QDs. This structural asymmetry enhances chiroptical activity and prolongs spin-coherence lifetimes, enabling efficient spin-polarized carrier recombination. As a result, chiral FAPbBr3 QDs exhibit a high photoluminescence quantum yield (98.28%) and large dissymmetry factor (8.87 × 10-2). The spin-LEDs fabricated from these QDs exhibit pure-green emission, with a maximum luminance of 17 979 cd m-2, a peak external quantum efficiency of 15.1%, and a maximum electroluminescence dissymmetry factor of 1.76 × 10-1 at room temperature. This work demonstrates that chiral MBS ligands can simultaneously improve optoelectronic quality and introduce structural asymmetry in perovskite quantum dots, representing a promising route toward practical high-performance spin-LEDs.
Understanding and harnessing the interaction between circularly polarized light (CPL) and nanocrystal morphology is crucial for designing advanced functional materials, yet a chemically chiral ligand-free pathway to fabricate structurally defined hybrid chiral nanostructures has been elusive. Herein, we report a novel chiral plasmonic printing strategy along with its underlying theoretical model, which employs the spin angular momentum of CPL as a chemically chiral-ligand-free stimulus to drive the asymmetric deposition of silver onto discrete chiral Au nanorods. This approach enables the programmable synthesis of hierarchically chiral Au@chiral Ag semi-core-shell nanostructures, whose chiroptical properties are synergistically governed by the intrinsic chirality of the Au core and the handedness of the incident CPL, and can be precisely modulated by illumination time. Theoretical modeling and experimental characterization jointly demonstrate that the chiral Ag shell dictates the circularly polarized photocatalytic activity performance via chiral hot-electron generation, as verified in the model reduction of 4-nitrophenol. This work not only establishes a versatile solution-phase route for fabricating complex chiral metallic nanostructures but also provides a predictive "light-handedness-to-nanostructure-to-function" framework, offering new opportunities for the rational design of advanced materials in asymmetric catalysis and chiral photonics.
Chiral molecular materials with strong magneto-optical responses in the near-infrared III (NIR-III, 1600-2500 nm) region are attractive for applications in photonics, biomedicine, and advanced optical materials, but molecular magneto-optical phenomena in this spectral window remain largely unexplored. Here, we report six pairs of chiral 3d-4f molecular clusters, R/S-Ln3Mn4 and R/S-Ln12Mn12 (Ln = HoIII, TbIII, and YIII), and systematically investigate their chiroptical and magneto-optical properties in the NIR-III region. Circular dichroism (CD) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy reveal that R/S-Ho3Mn4 and R/S-Ho12Mn12 clusters exhibit pronounced CD and MCD responses in the NIR-III region arising from long-wavelength HoIII f-f transitions, whereas R/S-Tb3Mn4 and R/S-Tb12Mn12 show strong MCD responses but no resolved CD signals. These findings identify long-wavelength lanthanide f-f transitions as the origin of the NIR-III chiroptical and magneto-optical activity. Notably, the R/S-Ln12Mn12 series exhibits larger gMCD values and stronger NIR-III MCD responses than the corresponding R/S-Ln3Mn4 analogues. This enhancement may arise from the change in local LnIII coordination geometry from D4d in Ln3Mn4 to D2d in Ln12Mn12, which favors a stronger Zeeman-perturbed MCD response, along with cooperative LnIII-MnII weak magnetic interactions in Ln12Mn12. This work provides the first molecular example of f-f-transition-driven chiroptical and magneto-optical activity across the NIR-III window and establishes chiral 3d-4f clusters as structurally defined platforms for tuning long-wavelength magneto-optical responses.
Since the development of metal halide hybrid perovskite (MHP)-based solar cells, many investigations have aimed to overcome the shortcomings of the most widely used MHP, methylammonium (CH3NH3, MA) lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3, MAPI), such as its toxicity and low stability. In this respect, many MHPs have been proposed to reduce or replace the Pb content in MAPI. This work studies the vibrational, thermodynamic, electronic, and optical properties of a proposed CH3NH3CaBr3 (MACB) cubic perovskite by using first-principles density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory to evaluate its potential as a solar cell material. The results show that MA lies stably only at certain positions within the perovskite lattice, and the barrier energy for an internal rotation to the next stable position is relatively low. Also, the mechanical properties show fragility in directions perpendicular to the C-N bond of MA. The electronic properties show a large energy gap; that is, the optical properties of MACB appear outside the ideal range for solar cell applications. These results could help understand the stabilization mechanisms of MACB and reveal its potential applications, as a computationally promising material whose optical properties are consistent with UV-protective applications in solar cells, pending experimental validation, as well as for applications as ultraviolet detectors and photonic devices such as perovskite-based light-emitting diodes.
Boron phosphide (BP) nanowires represent a rare 1D semiconductor, combining outstanding chemical stability, ultrahigh hardness, and high thermal conductivity. However, their controlled growth and optical functionality remain largely unexplored due to irregular morphologies, toxic precursors, and complex synthesis routes. Here, we develop a supersaturation-engineered chemical vapor transport (CVT) strategy to synthesize air-stable, single-crystalline cubic BP nanowires with tunable diameters. Strain-engineered Raman spectroscopy reveals pronounced phonon broadening and symmetry-selective frequency shifts, uncovering strong strain-phonon coupling. The inherent noncentrosymmetry and nanoscale confinement further induce highly anisotropic Raman and polarization-resolved SHG responses. The BP nanowires show remarkable environmental stability over 12 months and competitive photodetector performance, with a responsivity of 5.2 × 104 A/W and detectivity exceeding 6.4 × 1011 Jones under 595 nm illumination. The device also shows good ambient-storage stability and flexible-substrate compatibility. Integration with MoS2 amplifies polarization discrimination, achieving an anisotropy ratio of 2.87 at 532 nm, surpassing previously reported low-dimensional systems. This work establishes strain-phonon coupling-mediated polarization control as a new paradigm for BP-based optoelectronic and photonic platforms.
Near-infrared circularly polarized luminescence (NIR-CPL) holds great promise for advanced photonic applications, however, simultaneously achieving both high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and large asymmetry factor (glum) in the NIR region remains challenging owing to the energy-gap law. Herein, we propose a chiral quantum-cutting strategy based on rare-earth ion-doped chiral perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs). Specifically, the obtained chiral PeQDs exhibit strong NIR-CPL at 985 nm with both a large glum of 0.092 and high PLQY of 157.2%, resulting in an exceptional figure of merit (FM = |glum| × PLQY) of 0.145, representing the highest value among the reported chiral perovskites. The femtosecond-transient absorption spectra confirmed an ultrafast energy transfer accompanied by efficient spin preservation owing to the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, which resulted in the imbalanced spin population of Yb3+ ions and enabled efficient NIR-CPL. Therefore, for the first time, we proposed and demonstrated the concept of chiral quantum-cutting effect and revealed the mechanism of spin flip and preservation during energy and chirality transfer based on the CISS effect. Our work provides a novel strategy for designing efficient NIR-CPL materials with large glum and high PLQY, opening new avenues for developing high-performance chiral optoelectronic and spintronic devices in the NIR region.
Integrating optical sensing and memory within a unitary semiconductor architecture is pivotal for circumventing the von Neumann bottleneck. Although conventional photonic memristors offer a promising solution, they are frequently constrained by a narrow spectral response and volatile memory. Herein, we report a ZnO/VO2 memristor that combines multi-wavelength sensing with non-volatile resistive switching dual functions. The bandgap difference between ZnO (3.2 eV) and VO2 (0.6 eV) endows the device with the ability to respond to ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) light. Ions in ZnO and VO2 can be regulated and redistributed by an electric field. Photogenerated carriers can reinforce charge accumulation, forming conductive filaments, and the increment of filaments can be partially retained after light excitation, forming non-volatile resistance. Under a 1 V bias and dual-band (365 nm UV/760 nm NIR, each 0.01 mW/cm2), the device achieves robust non-volatility (>2 h) and a switching ratio of ∼103, which is an order of magnitude superior to single-layer counterparts. This work offers a robust strategy for advancing the application of photoelectric memristors.
Control over the concentration of light is of great importance for many optical systems. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and optical amplifiers necessitate control over the emission of light inside and out of the system. Optical sensors, detectors, and photovoltaic systems typically benefit from light trapping. To achieve enhanced light trapping in an optical waveguide, we demonstrate anisotropic luminophore emission in a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) waveguide geometry. By embedding CdSe-CdZnS nanoplatelet emitters into high-index TiO2 nanocylinders, we alter their angular emission profile to increase emission into total internal reflection (TIR) angles. The emission direction can be controlled by optimizing Mie-like multipolar resonances in the individual nanocylinders and the interaction with the lattice. Angle-resolved photoluminescence measurements on the fabricated nanocylinder arrays corroborate this understanding. By optimizing the cylinder shape and lattice spacing, we show an increase in emission into TIR angles from 75% (isotropic emission) to 83.5%. This novel approach to the integration of nanoscale photonic structures and emitters paves the way for enhanced emission control in photovoltaic systems, as well as in solid-state lighting and smart displays.
To compare qualitative reader-based image quality and anatomical detail of hepato-bilio-pancreatic structures between photon-counting detector CT (PCCT) and third-generation dual-source energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) in the same patient cohort. This retrospective, single-center qualitative study included 25 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT with both PCCT (Siemens NAEOTOM Alpha pro) and EID-CT (Siemens SOMATOM Force) within a 3-month interval using comparable acquisition protocols, with the exception of reconstructed section thickness (0.4-0.6 mm for PCCT vs 1.0 mm for EID-CT). Four independent radiologists (two with > 10 years and two with < 5 years of experience) evaluated six parameters using a five-point Likert scale: overall image quality, arterial vascular visualization, venous vascular visualization, pancreatic ductal tree, biliary ductal tree, and peripancreatic lymph nodes. All readers were blinded to scanner type. Paired t-tests and non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank tests compared mean scores between PCCT and EID-CT. Inter-reader agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. No quantitative image metrics or diagnostic performance outcomes were assessed; analyses were limited to reader-based Likert scale image quality scores. PCCT demonstrated statistically significant superiority across all six parameters compared with EID-CT (overall image quality 4.82 vs 3.80, arterial vascular visualization 4.87 vs 3.98, venous vascular visualization 4.84 vs 3.91, pancreatic ductal tree 4.83 vs 3.51, biliary ductal tree 4.87 vs 3.63, peripancreatic lymph nodes 4.86 vs 3.81; all p < 0.0001). Mean score improvements with PCCT ranged from 0.89 to 1.32 points across all parameters. Inter-reader agreement was good to excellent for PCCT (ICC 0.70-0.92) and poor to moderate for EID-CT (ICC 0.43-0.70). Reader experience level did not significantly influence assessments (p = 0.94). These findings derive from a qualitative head-to-head comparison of image quality scores and were consistent across all four readers. In this preliminary intra-patient comparison, photon-counting CT provided significantly superior image quality and anatomical detail in the hepato-bilio-pancreatic region compared to third-generation dual-source EID-CT. Enhanced visualization of ductal structures, distal vessels, and lymph nodes may support improved diagnostic confidence and more precise staging, although diagnostic performance was not assessed in this study. Because reconstructed section thickness differed between systems, these qualitative advantages cannot be attributed to detector technology alone and require confirmation in larger studies with matched protocols and diagnostic-accuracy endpoints.
The interaction between solvent, solute and physical phenomena (e.g., photon-emitting biomolecules) constitute one of the most fundamental, yet challenging, frontiers in modern biophysics and analytical chemistry. However, standard mass spectrometry instrumentation is often insufficient to yield useful data in this domain due to the solvent molecule bind alteration induced by high electric field presents in the usually employed ionization sources (e.g., Electrospray and Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization). The challenge is to transport analyte ions from the condensed liquid phase into the high-vacuum gas phase of the mass analyzer with minimal voltages-induced loss of supramolecular structure or structural scrambling while preserving the solvent environment structure. In this work, we employed no-discharge ND-APCI that has been rigorously validated in regulatory environments operating in no voltage ionization conditions to investigate the interaction of Albumin and water molecule environment under the irradiation of photon emitted by means of quantum dots technology at different simultaneous wave lights (800 nm, 525 nm, 445 nm). The obtained results, in terms of albumin-solvent (water) interaction, are consistent with a protein-dependent change in the proton affinity of albumin and are corroborated by complementary pH and colorimetric (Coomassie) measurements; their possible mechanistic origin is discussed.
Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disorder characterized by progressive bone mineral density (BMD) loss and structural deterioration, significantly increasing fracture risk. Despite its high prevalence, early detection remains challenging due to its asymptomatic progression and the limitations of conventional diagnostic techniques, such as Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). While DXA remains the clinical benchmark for BMD assessment, its high cost, limited accessibility, and inability to directly detect vertebral fractures necessitate the development of alternative, cost-effective, and widely deployable diagnostic methodologies. A dataset of 159 patient records was collected from NORI and CDA Hospital, incorporating 17 input features spanning demographics, genetic/blood type, clinical history and lab tests parameters. To bridge this gap, we developed a practical machine learning model tailored for clinics with limited resources. Instead of relying on expensive imaging, our framework uses only basic, highly accessible clinical markers-specifically ABO blood groups, serum calcium, and potassium levels. Because these tests are inexpensive and easily processed in standard laboratories, our approach removes the financial and technical hurdles of advanced diagnostics, making early screening possible in remote or underfunded healthcare settings. Data preprocessing involved rigorous feature selection, standardization, hyper-parameters tuning, clinically relevant features derivation and biomarker combinations. For classification, ensemble voting classifier was trained on key biomarkers- Weight, Potassium, Calcium and Total Vitamin D-achieving an accuracy of 90% and an AU-ROC score of 0.93 in predicting osteoporosis severity. In parallel, extreme gradient boosting Regressor trained on Age, Weight, ABO Group and Total Vitamin D demonstrated an R2 of 0.536 for lumbar spine BMD estimation. The proposed framework demonstrates the viability of leveraging machine learning for non-invasive osteoporosis screening and fracture risk assessment, offering a radiation-free and clinically accessible complementary pre-screening tool.
High-power pulsed systems demand dielectric capacitors with high energy density and efficiency. Although perovskite ceramics dominate this field, simultaneously achieving high performance and fatigue endurance remains a significant challenge. Our study addresses this aim by incorporating a Ba1-xSrxTiO3 second phase into tungsten bronze-type Ba1-xSrxNb2-yTayO6 matrix, followed by chemical coating with a SiO₂ layer. The prepared ceramics achieve an energy density of 21.1 J/cm³ with an efficiency of 84.5%. Furthermore, by combining a rational multilayer ceramic capacitor design with the thickness effect, an energy density of 23.2 ± 1.2 J/cm³ and an improved efficiency of 92.8 ± 0.4% are attained, representing a record energy density for tungsten bronze-based ceramics and capacitors. The dual-core-shell structure and compositional gradients induce lattice mismatch, boosting polarization and breakdown strength. The fabricated devices also demonstrate remarkable stability under varying frequency, temperature, and fatigue cycling conditions.
This study assessed the clinical effectiveness of combining ultrasonic debridement with photon therapy for treating stage 3 and 4 pressure injuries in elderly patients, with particular attention to wound healing, pain reduction, and quality of life outcomes. We enrolled 118 elderly patients with pressure injuries from Shanghai Dahua Hospital between May 1, 2023, and November 30, 2024, using stratified random sampling. Participants were first grouped by injury stage (3 or 4) and then randomly assigned to either control or experimental groups. Control patients received standard moist wound care alongside systemic interventions, whereas the experimental group received the same standard care plus combined ultrasonic debridement and photon therapy. We compared outcomes including wound healing progress, treatment expenses, and pain scores recorded during dressing changes. The combined treatment approach was associated with accelerated wound healing, lower pain levels, improved infection control, and enhanced quality of life. For stage 4 injuries, the complete healing rate after six months reached 83.3% (25/30) in the experimental group, compared to 53.6% (15/28) in the control group. These findings support the integrated use of ultrasonic debridement and photon therapy as a beneficial treatment strategy for advanced pressure injuries in elderly patients, demonstrating its value in improving both clinical results and overall patient well-being.