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We present FairHealth, an open-source Python library that provides a unified, modular framework for trustworthy machine learning in healthcare applications, with particular focus on low-resource and low-income country (LMIC) settings such as Bangladesh. FairHealth addresses four critical gaps in existing healthcare AI toolkits: (1) the absence of integrated fairness auditing for biosignals and clinical tabular data; (2) the lack of privacy-preserving federated learning tools compatible with standard ML workflows; (3) missing explainability tools tailored for low-bandwidth clinical decision support; and (4) no existing toolkit covering Global South healthcare datasets. Built from five peer-reviewed research contributions, FairHealth provides six modules covering federated learning with homomorphic encryption (fairhealth.federated), intersectional fairness metrics (fairhealth.fairness), hybrid fuzzy-SHAP explainability (fairhealth.explain), multilingual dengue triage (fairhealth.lowresource), equitable disaster aid allocation (fairhealth.equity), and public dataset loaders (fairhealth.datasets). All datasets used are publicly available without institutional data use agreements. FairH

Existing object removal tools often rely on manual masks or text prompts, making precise removal difficult for non-expert users in complex scenes and often leading to incomplete removal or unnatural background completion. To address this issue, we present ClickRemoval, an open-source interactive object removal tool built on pretrained Stable Diffusion models and driven solely by user clicks. Without additional training, hand-drawn masks, or text descriptions, ClickRemoval localizes target objects and restores the background through self-attention modulation during denoising. Experiments show that ClickRemoval achieves competitive results across quantitative metrics and user studies. We release a complete software package at https://github.com/zld-make/ClickRemoval under the Apache-2.0 license.

Image formation in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is governed by the coherent evolution of the electron wavefunction through the specimen and the objective lens. This physics maps naturally onto the gate model of quantum computation. We present QuScope, an open-source Python framework that expresses the complete TEM image-formation pipeline as quantum circuits. The $N\times N$ electron wavefunction is amplitude-encoded in $2\log_2 N$ qubits, and every optical element, including phase-grating transmission, Fresnel propagation between specimen slices, and the aberrated objective lens, is implemented as a diagonal unitary conjugated by quantum Fourier transforms. On this foundation, QuScope v0.2.0 implements validated imaging pipelines, covering conventional TEM under the phase-object approximation, full multislice CTEM and STEM for thick specimens. All quantum results reported here come from exact, noise-free statevector simulation of the circuits on classical hardware, and every result is validated against a classical twin implementation. Quantum and classical multislice exit waves agree to unit fidelity, and all physical constants are verified against standard references. W

We present LLM4SDM, the first study of open-source smaller language models (OS-sLLMs) for automated assessment of shared decision making (SDM) using the Observer OPTION12 framework. Unlike previous work that relies on large commercial models and the shorter OPTION5 instrument, our study focuses on privacy-preserving locally deployable models and Dutch melanoma consultation transcripts. Using expert-annotated clinical consultations, we evaluate three general-domain and two medical-domain OS-sLLMs during a development-phase pilot study. Results show that general-domain models outperform medical-domain models, which exhibit substantial hallucination and instruction-following failures. Gemma3:12b achieves the strongest agreement with human annotations (Pearson r=0.51, Spearman \r{ho}=0.59). Item-level and qualitative analyses reveal systematic challenges related to temporal discourse reasoning, conversational role attribution, and evidence grounding. We further introduce a Judge-LLM consensus framework designed to support disagreement resolution among multiple models. Our findings suggest that while current OS-sLLMs cannot replace human annotators, they offer a promising foundation for

Data scarcity in African agriculture hampers machine learning (ML) model performance, limiting innovations in precision agriculture. The Synthetic Agriculture Data for Africa (SAGDA) library, a Python-based open-source toolkit, addresses this gap by generating, augmenting, and validating synthetic agricultural datasets. We present SAGDA's design and development practices, highlighting its core functions: generate, model, augment, validate, visualize, optimize, and simulate, as well as their roles in applications of ML for agriculture. Two use cases are detailed: yield prediction enhanced via data augmentation, and multi-objective NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilizer recommendation. We conclude with future plans for expanding SAGDA's capabilities, underscoring the vital role of open-source, data-driven practices for African agriculture.

Background: Using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for computational medical image analysis has shown promising results. However, colored images are often not readily available for AI analysis because of different coloring thresholds used across centers and physicians as well as the removal of clinical annotations. We aimed to develop an open-source tool that can adapt different color thresholds of HSV-colored medical images and remove annotations with a simple click. Materials and Methods: We built a function using MATLAB and used multi-center international shear wave elastography data (NCT 02638935) to test the function. We provide step-by-step instructions with accompanying code lines. Results: We demonstrate that the newly developed pre-processing function successfully removed letters and adapted different color thresholds of HSV-colored medical images. Conclusion: We developed an open-source tool for removing letters and adapting different color thresholds in HSV-colored medical images. We hope this contributes to advancing medical image processing for developing robust computational imaging algorithms using diverse multi-center big data. The open-source Matlab tool is

We introduce Docling, an easy-to-use, self-contained, MIT-licensed, open-source toolkit for document conversion, that can parse several types of popular document formats into a unified, richly structured representation. It is powered by state-of-the-art specialized AI models for layout analysis (DocLayNet) and table structure recognition (TableFormer), and runs efficiently on commodity hardware in a small resource budget. Docling is released as a Python package and can be used as a Python API or as a CLI tool. Docling's modular architecture and efficient document representation make it easy to implement extensions, new features, models, and customizations. Docling has been already integrated in other popular open-source frameworks (e.g., LangChain, LlamaIndex, spaCy), making it a natural fit for the processing of documents and the development of high-end applications. The open-source community has fully engaged in using, promoting, and developing for Docling, which gathered 10k stars on GitHub in less than a month and was reported as the No. 1 trending repository in GitHub worldwide in November 2024.

We present Qiskit Machine Learning (ML), a high-level Python library that combines elements of quantum computing with traditional machine learning. The API abstracts Qiskit's primitives to facilitate interactions with classical simulators and quantum hardware. Qiskit ML started as a proof-of-concept code in 2019 and has since been developed to be a modular, intuitive tool for non-specialist users while allowing extensibility and fine-tuning controls for quantum computational scientists and developers. The library is available as a public, open-source tool and is distributed under the Apache version 2.0 license.

Turning a promising economic idea into a credible empirical finding is, in practice, an expensive undertaking: it demands a great deal of specialised computation, and the results are seldom released in a form that others can check or build upon. Econstellar is our response. It is an open, publicly served research engine that runs publication-grade financial econometrics from an ordinary web browser and explains what the results mean, so that a reader does not merely read a finding but can re-run it, vary its inputs, and trace exactly how it was produced. Three choices give the system its character. The heavy computation is placed on the processor that suits it, rather than forced onto hardware ill-matched to the task, which is much of the reason analysis of this kind is so rarely served to the public. An artificial-intelligence assistant selects and interprets the analyses but never originates a number, so every quantity it reports is a real computation the reader can reproduce. And the engine a visitor exercises is the same code that produced the figures in our published research. We expose seventeen econometric methods, each reported with a verified live value and reproducible at

Recent decisions by leading AI labs to either open-source their models or to restrict access to their models has sparked debate about whether, and how, increasingly capable AI models should be shared. Open-sourcing in AI typically refers to making model architecture and weights freely and publicly accessible for anyone to modify, study, build on, and use. This offers advantages such as enabling external oversight, accelerating progress, and decentralizing control over AI development and use. However, it also presents a growing potential for misuse and unintended consequences. This paper offers an examination of the risks and benefits of open-sourcing highly capable foundation models. While open-sourcing has historically provided substantial net benefits for most software and AI development processes, we argue that for some highly capable foundation models likely to be developed in the near future, open-sourcing may pose sufficiently extreme risks to outweigh the benefits. In such a case, highly capable foundation models should not be open-sourced, at least not initially. Alternative strategies, including non-open-source model sharing options, are explored. The paper concludes with

SpeechBrain is an open-source Conversational AI toolkit based on PyTorch, focused particularly on speech processing tasks such as speech recognition, speech enhancement, speaker recognition, text-to-speech, and much more. It promotes transparency and replicability by releasing both the pre-trained models and the complete "recipes" of code and algorithms required for training them. This paper presents SpeechBrain 1.0, a significant milestone in the evolution of the toolkit, which now has over 200 recipes for speech, audio, and language processing tasks, and more than 100 models available on Hugging Face. SpeechBrain 1.0 introduces new technologies to support diverse learning modalities, Large Language Model (LLM) integration, and advanced decoding strategies, along with novel models, tasks, and modalities. It also includes a new benchmark repository, offering researchers a unified platform for evaluating models across diverse tasks.

We present a versatile open-source framework designed to facilitate efficient, numerically-tailored Matrix-Matrix Multiplications (MMMs). The framework offers two primary contributions: first, a fine-tuned, automated pipeline for arithmetic datapath generation, enabling highly customizable systolic MMM kernels; second, seamless integration of the generated kernels into user code, irrespective of the programming language employed, without necessitating modifications. The framework demonstrates a systematic enhancement in accuracy per energy cost across diverse High Performance Computing (HPC) workloads displaying a variety of numerical requirements, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) inference and Sea Surface Height (SSH) computation. For AI inference, we consider a set of state-of-the-art neural network models, namely ResNet18, ResNet34, ResNet50, DenseNet121, DenseNet161, DenseNet169, and VGG11, in conjunction with two datasets, two computer formats, and 27 distinct intermediate arithmetic datapaths. Our approach consistently reduces energy consumption across all cases, with a notable example being the reduction by factors of $3.3\times$ for IEEE754-32 and $1.4\times$ for Bfloat

Central to the power of open-source software is bug shallowness, the relative ease of finding and fixing bugs. The open-source movement began with Unix software, so many users were also programmers capable of finding and fixing bugs given the source code. But as the open-source movement reaches the Macintosh platform, bugs may not be shallow because few Macintosh users are programmers. Based on reports from open-source developers, I, however, conclude that that bugs are as shallow in open-source, Macintosh software as in any other open-source software.

Upon its release in late 2022, ChatGPT has brought a seismic shift in the entire landscape of AI, both in research and commerce. Through instruction-tuning a large language model (LLM) with supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning from human feedback, it showed that a model could answer human questions and follow instructions on a broad panel of tasks. Following this success, interests in LLMs have intensified, with new LLMs flourishing at frequent interval across academia and industry, including many start-ups focused on LLMs. While closed-source LLMs (e.g., OpenAI's GPT, Anthropic's Claude) generally outperform their open-source counterparts, the progress on the latter has been rapid with claims of achieving parity or even better on certain tasks. This has crucial implications not only on research but also on business. In this work, on the first anniversary of ChatGPT, we provide an exhaustive overview of this success, surveying all tasks where an open-source LLM has claimed to be on par or better than ChatGPT.

Aerial manipulation combines the versatility and speed of flying platforms with the functional capabilities of mobile manipulation, which presents significant challenges due to the need for precise localization and control. Traditionally, researchers have relied on offboard perception systems, which are limited to expensive and impractical specially equipped indoor environments. In this work, we introduce a novel platform for autonomous aerial manipulation that exclusively utilizes onboard perception systems. Our platform can perform aerial manipulation in various indoor and outdoor environments without depending on external perception systems. Our experimental results demonstrate the platform's ability to autonomously grasp various objects in diverse settings. This advancement significantly improves the scalability and practicality of aerial manipulation applications by eliminating the need for costly tracking solutions. To accelerate future research, we open source our ROS 2 software stack and custom hardware design, making our contributions accessible to the broader research community.

While in the past decade there has been significant progress in open-source synthesis and verification tools and flows, one piece is still missing in the open-source design automation ecosystem: a tool to estimate the power consumption of a design on specific target technologies. We discuss a work-in-progress method to characterize target technologies using generic micro-benchmarks, whose results can be used to establish power models of these target technologies. These models can further be used to predict the power consumption of a design in a given use case scenario (which is currently out of scope). We demonstrate our characterization method on the publicly documented Lattice iCE40 FPGA technology, and discuss two approaches to generating micro-benchmarks which consume power in the target device: simple lookup table (LUT) instantiation, and a more sophisticated instantiation of ring oscillators. We study three approaches to stimulate the implemented micro-benchmarks in hardware: Verilog testbenches, micro-controller testbenches, and pseudo-random linear-feedback-shift-register-(LFSR)-based testing. We measure the power consumption of the stimulated target devices. Our ultimate g

Adopting omnidirectional Field of View (FoV) cameras in aerial robots vastly improves perception ability, significantly advancing aerial robotics's capabilities in inspection, reconstruction, and rescue tasks. However, such sensors also elevate system complexity, e.g., hardware design, and corresponding algorithm, which limits researchers from utilizing aerial robots with omnidirectional FoV in their research. To bridge this gap, we propose OmniNxt, a fully open-source aerial robotics platform with omnidirectional perception. We design a high-performance flight controller NxtPX4 and a multi-fisheye camera set for OmniNxt. Meanwhile, the compatible software is carefully devised, which empowers OmniNxt to achieve accurate localization and real-time dense mapping with limited computation resource occupancy. We conducted extensive real-world experiments to validate the superior performance of OmniNxt in practical applications. All the hardware and software are open-access at https://github.com/HKUST-Aerial-Robotics/OmniNxt, and we provide docker images of each crucial module in the proposed system. Project page: https://hkust-aerial-robotics.github.io/OmniNxt.

This working paper unveils the crafting of a systematic literature review on open-source platforms. The high-competitive mobile devices market, where several players such as Apple, Google, Nokia and Microsoft run a platforms- war with constant shifts in their technological strategies, is gaining increasing attention from scholars. It matters, then, to review previous literature on past platforms-wars, such as the ones from the PC and game-console industries, and assess its implications to the current mobile devices platforms-war. The paper starts by justifying the purpose and rationale behind this literature review on open-source platforms. The concepts of open-source software and computer-based platforms were then discussed both individually and in unison, in order to clarify the core-concept of 'open-source platform' that guides this literature review. The detailed design of the employed methodological strategy is then presented as the central part of this paper. The paper concludes with preliminary findings organizing previous literature on open-source platforms for the purpose of guiding future research in this area.