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Decline of quality of life (QOL) and cognitive function is common for brain metastases patients receiving radiotherapy but there is currently no standard of care for addressing those symptoms. This phase 2 randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of early neuropsychological evaluation and integration to preserve QOL and cognition for patients treated with radiation for brain metastases. Patients with brain metastases seen in a radiation oncology department were eligible for inclusion and randomized 1:1 to neuropsychology integration versus standard of care. The neuropsychology integration involved 5 appointments over a 3-month period beginning prior to radiotherapy treatment initiation. Quality of life was measured with FACT-Br and EORTC QLQ-C30 assessments. Cognition was measured by the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, and Trail Making Test A/B. Depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) assessments were also collected. The primary endpoint was change in QOL three months after completion of radiotherapy measured by FACT-Br. Longitudinal outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for baseline score and radiation type. From August 2022 to June 2024, 110 patients were enrolled. The median age and Karnofsky Performance Status were 62.5 (IQR 54, 70) and 90 (IQR 80,90), respectively. A plurality of patients (43%) had primary lung cancer, and most patients (74%) had ≤15 brain metastases. With a median follow-up of 21.1 months (95% CI: 16.2-25.5), the primary endpoint was not met (estimated difference 0.27, SE=0.19, p=0.15). In exploratory analyses at 9 months, FACT-Br scores were higher in the integration arm (0.63, p=0.006). There were no differences in neurocognitive function between arms. In this phase 2 randomized trial, the primary endpoint of improved FACT-Br QOL at 3 months after radiation therapy was not met. Exploratory findings at later timepoints suggest potential benefits in QOL.

Mobile brain and body imaging (MoBI) requires monitoring human behavior in real-world settings using unobtrusive, portable hardware. To address multi-sensor signal streaming and time-synchronized recording on smartphones, we previously developed the open-source Android apps Senda and Recorda. Senda converts smartphone sensor signals into lab streaming layer (LSL) streams, while Recorda time-synchronizes and records them, bringing desktop LabRecorder functionality to android. Here, we report recent framework improvements. The ecosystem now integrates body-worn inertial measurement units (IMUs), GPS location streaming, and Google MediaPipe pose landmark motion capture. Furthermore, we improved usability by introducing real-time stream integrity feedback and Viewa, a new app for visualizing LSL streams. Two validation studies demonstrate reliable performance, showing high correlations between app-derived sensor data and reference sensors. These updates significantly expand research capabilities, seamlessly extending the LSL standard out of the traditional lab and into real-world scenarios.

A brain tumor can lead to functional impairment, which is particularly concerning for adolescents and young adults (AYA). Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have typically been examined as isolated domains, rather than as covarying symptoms. This study modeled PRO networks, symptom clustering, and topology among AYA oncology survivors. Patient-reported outcome networks from 4005 survivors were compared in topology between survivors of primary CNS tumors (n = 164) and non-CNS tumors (n = 3841). Survivors were diagnosed between 1999 and 2015 at ages 18 to 39 years, who completed the EORTC QLQ-SURV100 (Mdn follow-up = 12.31 years). Group-specific networks were estimated based on 33 health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scale scores using graphical LASSO. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and the Network Comparison Test assessed group differences in the original PRO scales and their network centrality, respectively. Within the CNS subgroup (n = 164), associations with tumor-related and treatment-related characteristics were explored. Survivors of central nervous system (CNS) tumors reported higher symptom burden on most PRO scales, along with a more diffuse network showing weaker within-domain cohesion (lower nodal strength and expected influence) and limited cross-domain integration (lower bridge strength). A small subset of nodes showed higher bridge expected influence (ie, fatigue, physical functioning, sexual problems when sexually active, work), which may represent key targets for intervention. Across both groups, negative health outlook, health distress, and physical functioning emerged as consistent core targets. Core symptoms may warrant prioritization in clinical follow-up and treatment of cancer survivors. These findings contribute to further development and optimization of tailored neurorehabilitation programs in neuro-oncological care.

The transentorhinal cortex (tErC), which includes the medial portion of the perirhinal (PrC) and the anterolateral portion of the entorhinal cortices (alErC), is among the first brain regions affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, its precise cognitive role remains controversial. Recent models propose that this region supports episodic familiarity and lifetime familiarity, and that it is particularly involved in tasks requiring fine conceptual discrimination between similar objects. The present study examined episodic and lifetime familiarity across three tasks to understand how the tErC supports familiarity, using materials with varying conceptual overlap and lifetime familiarity levels in both normal and pathological aging, encompassing different levels of tErC integrity. Fifty-eight older adults (aged 55+), including healthy individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive decline, completed familiarity tasks. tErC volume was measured via high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and was associated with tasks performance using repeated-measures Analyses of covariance or stepwise linear regressions. The tErC volume was associated with familiarity performance selectively in task conditions involving high conceptual overlap between targets and lures. Results indicate that tErC integrity is selectively related to familiarity-based performance when recognition requires resolving interference between conceptually similar items. We discuss how combining tasks assessing different aspects of familiarity could help identify early cognitive decline. We suggest this approach should be tested in patients with AD biomarkers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS) are rare psychopathological phenomena characterized by fixed false beliefs about the identity of familiar others (e.g. Capgras, Fregoli) or the self (e.g. Cotard's) which can present significant clinical challenges, including risks to patient safety and distress for family members. Although most commonly described in psychiatric or neurodegenerative contexts, DMS may also occur following acquired brain injury (ABI), providing a valuable window into the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying familiarity processing, self/other representation, and belief evaluation, as well as informing clinical management of these complex presentations. This review aimed to scope the available literature on the development of DMS following ABI. Method: A scoping review was conducted across PsycINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE from inception to February 2026. From 173 initial records, 34 studies were eventually included. Results: Most studies were single-case reports, with only one observational cohort. Eighteen reported Capgras as the primary presentation following ABI, while four reported Fregoli, and six Cotard's. Additional studies described mixed, variable, or longitudinal presentations. Neuroanatomical findings most consistently implicated right-hemisphere fronto-temporo-parietal networks with prominent frontal involvement. Treatments were inconsistently reported and outcomes varied from complete remission to chronic persistence. Conclusions: DMS following ABI are rare but clinically significant phenomena, with Capgras syndrome representing the most frequent presentation. Converging evidence supports a network-level involvement of right-hemisphere fronto-temporo-insular areas underpinning familiarity processing, self-representation, and belief evaluation. Further exploration of DMS following ABI is warranted to inform diagnosis, risk assessment, clinical management, interventions, and communication with affected individuals.

Psychoactive substance use often begins during adolescence, and early initiation increases risks of problematic use and adverse health outcomes. Few evidence-based, technology-supported substance use prevention programs for adolescents exist in Europe. OurFutures (previously Climate Schools) is a web-based substance use prevention program developed in Australia that has been shown to improve substance-related knowledge and strengthen refusal and harm-minimization skills. This study aimed to adapt the OurFutures Alcohol and Cannabis course for German schools and to evaluate its feasibility and preliminary effectiveness. To strengthen the link between prevention and early intervention, the program was connected to the Mobile Online Portal for Questions on Addiction (MOFA), enabling students to access counseling services via chat, email, or telephone. The Alcohol and Cannabis course was adapted for the German school and addiction systems, and the online portal was created. Effectiveness and implementation were assessed in four German secondary schools using a controlled pilot study with quantitative surveys, complemented by exploratory qualitative feedback from a focus group (n = 2) and three individual interviews. Analyses of covariance demonstrated that the intervention group's knowledge about alcohol (n = 62) and cannabis (n = 63) increased significantly more than of controls (n = 28 and 31). No significant differences were observed for attitudes or intentions to use. Most students evaluated the Alcohol module positively and relevant. Qualitative findings indicated satisfaction among students and teachers, with suggestions for school implementation. This blended-learning program increased substance-related knowledge and may strengthen school-based prevention in Germany. Wider implementation requires coordination between education and addiction systems.

According to Motor Simulation Theory, cognitive states such as kinesthetic motor imagery activate the motor system in a manner similar to overt motor execution. Action simulation can be implicitly triggered when individuals unconsciously simulate an action, as in the Hand Laterality Judgment Task (HLJT). Studies employing the HLJT use different hand depictions, which may influence behavioural performance. The aim of the present study was to examine whether hand depiction type (realistic hands versus line drawings) influences performance on the HLJT. Sixty-two younger adults completed the HLJT using both realistic and line-drawing representations of hands. Results demonstrated significant effects of orientation, with faster and more accurate responses observed at less challenging orientations and a medial-over-lateral advantage (MOLA) evident for palm-view stimuli. Overall, performance declined as hand orientation became increasingly biomechanically demanding. Importantly, the effects of hand depiction type varied as a function of viewpoint and orientation. For back-view stimuli, line drawings elicited faster responses than realistic hands at 0° and 90° lateral orientations. In contrast, for palm-view stimuli, line drawings elicited faster responses and higher accuracy than realistic stimuli. These findings suggest that the effects of hand depiction are not uniform across task conditions. As such, the type of hand stimulus used should be carefully considered when designing, interpreting, and comparing HLJT studies, particularly when the task is used to assess motor imagery processes.

Spatial memory research has traditionally focused on how environmental features shape the use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames, with little attention to the role of the objects themselves. Here, using two datasets collected with a virtual reality object-location memory task, we investigated whether the biological relevance of objects modulates spatial memory performance depending on the reference frame used at retrieval. Participants encoded the positions of biological entities and artifacts and retrieved them using either egocentric or allocentric recall cues. In Study 1, young adults (N = 37) showed a significant interaction between object category and recall cue: biological entities were recalled more accurately under allocentric than egocentric retrieval, while artifacts showed the opposite pattern, though the category difference was significant only under allocentric retrieval. In Study 2, older adults and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (N = 80) showed a preserved biological advantage in overall spatial performance, whereas the interaction with recall cue was no longer observed, a pattern consistent with the reduced allocentric contribution typically associated with aging. These findings provide initial evidence that object categories may shape the retrieval of spatial locations.

Latin America faces a high dementia burden, with increased prevalence of factors associated with cognitive decline. Multidomain lifestyle interventions might delay cognitive decline, but populations from Latin America remain under-represented in dementia prevention trials. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of a culturally adapted, multidomain, systematic lifestyle intervention and investigate its effects on global cognitive function in at-risk older adults (aged 60-77 years). The LatAm-FINGERS Initiative for Cognitive Change (hereafter referred to as LatAm-FINGERS) was a single-blind, multicentre, randomised clinical trial conducted in 11 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay). Individuals aged 60-77 years with high risk of dementia (cardiovascular risk factors, ageing, and dementia risk score &#x2265;6), and suboptimal cognitive performance were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either a 2-year systematic lifestyle intervention (SLI group) or a flexible lifestyle intervention (FLI group). Randomisation was stratified by the study centre to ensure balance and implemented using permuted blocks of eight. Participants and intervention staff were not masked to group assignment, but individuals who assessed outcomes were masked throughout the trial. The SLI provided structured multidomain lifestyle interventions with supervised support and monitoring; FLI offered health advice. Primary outcomes were trial feasibility (evaluated using selected RE-AIM measures: Reach, Implementation, and Maintenance) and the intervention's effects on global cognitive composite trajectories over 2 years (change in the global cognitive composite score over 2 years). This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06492967) and has been completed. Participants were enrolled between Oct 27, 2021, and July 7, 2023; the last participant completed follow-up on Nov 7, 2025. Among 1719 assessed, 1065 participants included in the analytic sample were randomly assigned to the SLI group (n=539) or the FLI group (n=526). Mean age was 67&#xb7;5 years (SD 4&#xb7;7), 795 (75%) of 1065 participants were women, and 270 (25%) were men. Self-reported race and ethnicity were: 624 (59%) Mestizo, 288 (27%) White, 72 (7%) Mulatto, 25 (2%) Mixed or other, 18 (2%) Black, 14 (1%) Indigenous, and 24 (2%) did not report race or ethnicity. 877 (82&#xb7;3%) of 1065 completed the 2-year follow-up. Recruitment effectiveness (Reach) was 62&#xb7;0%; mean adherence to the SLI group (Implementation) was 71&#xb7;6% over the entire trial; and frequencies of complete cognitive outcomes data (Maintenance) were 87&#xb7;9% at 6 months, 85&#xb7;3% at 12 months, 81&#xb7;4% at 18 months, and 84&#xb7;8% at 24 months in the SLI group compared with 86&#xb7;3% at 6 months, 78&#xb7;9% at 12 months, 73&#xb7;4% at 18 months, and 79&#xb7;8% at 24 months in the FLI group. Dropouts were higher in the FLI group than in the SLI group (20&#xb7;2% vs 15&#xb7;2%; p=0&#xb7;042). Global cognitive composite scores increased over time in both groups, with a mean annual change of 0&#xb7;31 SD (95% CI 0&#xb7;28-0&#xb7;34) per year in the SLI group and 0&#xb7;20 SD (0&#xb7;17-0&#xb7;23) per year in the FLI group (mean between-group difference of 0&#xb7;11 SD per year [0&#xb7;06-0&#xb7;15; p<0&#xb7;0001]). Overall, 478 adverse events were reported (412 in the SLI group and 66 in the FLI group). The most common adverse events were musculoskeletal symptoms (113 [21%] in the SLI group, 13 [2%] in the FLI group), upper respiratory infections (50 [9%] in the SLI group, one [<1%] in the FLI group), and COVID-19 infection (31 [6%] events in the SLI group). Serious adverse events occurred in 50 (9%) participants in the SLI group and 24 (5%) participants in the FLI group; none were related to the intervention. There were eight deaths (three in the SLI group and five in the FLI group), and none were related to the intervention. A culturally adapted multidomain lifestyle intervention was feasible across Latin America and resulted in greater cognitive improvements than a flexible health-advice intervention in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. These findings extend the evidence base for multidomain lifestyle interventions to populations historically under-represented in dementia research, supporting their feasibility and scalability as strategies to reduce cognitive decline risk amid the rapidly growing burden of dementia in low-income and middle-income countries. Alzheimer's Association. For the Spanish and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions with virtual coaches offer scalable and potentially cost-effective solutions for health behavior change. However, these interventions commonly present challenges, such as limited personalization and insufficient grounding in evidence-based strategies. Perfect Fit (PF; Perfect Fit consortium), a personalized mHealth intervention with a text-based virtual coach, supports adults in quitting smoking and becoming more physically active. By combining innovative techniques, including sensor technology, end user involvement, and evidence-based strategies, PF aims to address common challenges faced by mHealth interventions, including those with virtual coaches. The study primarily investigated the feasibility and acceptability of PF. The secondary aim was to explore associations between sociodemographic, smoking-, and physical activity-related characteristics and the feasibility and acceptability outcomes. The third aim was to evaluate the feasibility of conducting the research study. A single-arm, pre-post, mixed methods study was conducted in the Netherlands with 100 adults who smoked. The intervention lasted approximately 16 weeks. Data were collected at baseline, during the intervention, and postintervention (4 months). Quantitative data included usage data and self-report questionnaires on feasibility, acceptability, and baseline characteristics. Qualitative data were gathered through postintervention semistructured interviews. Analyses included descriptive and inferential analyses, as well as the framework approach for the qualitative data. PF usage varied considerably across participants (n=87). The mean satisfaction rating was 2.79 (SD 0.73; scale range 1-4), and perceived usability had a median score of 67.50 (range 12.50-87.50; scoring range 0-100), indicating OK-to-good usability. The mean virtual coach acceptance rating was -0.27 (SD 1.30; scale range -3 to 3; n=77). Higher PF usage was associated with greater satisfaction, usability, and coach acceptance (all P&#x2264;.004). Frequent connection issues with the smartwatch were a disruptive factor. Qualitative findings (n=12) provided in-depth insights into PF's feasibility and acceptability, encompassing both positive and negative experiences. For instance, some participants valued the virtual coach for its anonymity, low-threshold access, and the sense of control it offered, while others preferred a human coach for greater accountability. Suggested improvements included more varied content and enhanced adaptability of the coach to users' input and personal situations. Exploratory analyses suggested that high PF users were older than moderate (P=.01) and low PF users (P=.05). Importantly, PF was perceived as similarly feasible and acceptable across socioeconomic groups (P>.05), aligning with one of the project's goals. Finally, research procedures and recruitment strategies proved feasible. PF shows potential as an accessible and inclusive strategy for multiple health behavior changes, contributing to public health. Findings highlight areas for improvement and can guide the future development of virtual coach interventions.

While delayed removal from play has been associated with worse outcomes following sport-related concussions (SRC), factors that predict delayed removal (vs. immediate) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify predictors of delayed removal following an SRC. A retrospective analysis included athletes aged 12-23 who presented to a regional sports concussion center within one day of injury. Patient demographics, injury characteristics, and clinical recovery metrics were extracted from medical records. Removal timeline was categorized as immediate (removed from play at time of injury) or delayed (continued participation). Comparisons across groups and a multivariable logistic regression model were conducted to identify predictors of delayed removal. In 291 athletes (29.6% female, median age = 15.6 [IQR = 14.5-16.8]), 109 (37.5%) had delayed removal (29.4% female; median age 15.7 [IQR 14.5-16.9]). Sex, race, sport, school, and competition type did not differ significantly between immediate and delayed removal groups. Athletes with loss of consciousness (LOC) had over 81% lower odds of delayed removal (OR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.08-0.44; p < 0.01), and those evaluated on the field had 70% lower odds of delayed removal (OR = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.17-0.54; p < 0.01). Initial symptom scores were lower among those immediately removed (19.0 [IQR = 6.0-38.2]) compared to the delayed removal group (24.0 [IQR = 11.0-44.0]; p = 0.05). Return-to-learn, symptom resolution, and return-to-play timelines did not differ significantly between groups. On-field evaluations and observable clinical signs such as LOC strongly reduced risk of delayed removal from play after SRC. These findings emphasize the critical role of athletic trainers and prompt sideline recognition in reducing delayed removal and acute symptom burden.

Non-pharmacological interventions for sustained-attention difficulties in young adults remain limited. Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS), a focused ultrasound-based neuromodulation technique, has shown preliminary promise in improving neuropsychiatric symptoms, but its effects on sustained attention in young adults are unclear. We therefore compared TPS with electroencephalography (EEG)-based theta-beta ratio (TBR) neurofeedback (NF) and a wait-list control (WLC) in young adults with subclinical sustained-attention difficulties. This single-centre, three-arm, parallel-group randomised controlled trial enrolled right-handed adults aged 20-34 years with subclinical sustained-attention difficulties. Participants were assigned to TPS, NF, or WLC. Both active interventions comprised 12 sessions over 4 weeks. Primary outcomes were performance indices from the Conners Continuous Performance Test, Third Edition (CPT-3), including detectability (d'), omission errors, commission errors, perseverations, hit reaction time (HRT), HRT standard deviation, reaction-time variability, HRT block change, and HRT interstimulus-interval change. Secondary outcomes included self-report measures of attentional control, psychological distress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, social connectedness, and additional cognitive tasks. Outcomes were analysed using linear mixed-effects models with false discovery rate correction. Fifty-seven participants were analysed (TPS = 22, NF = 12, WLC = 23; mean age = 24.2 years; 60% female). At post-treatment, TPS showed greater improvement than NF on 8 of 9 CPT-3 outcomes (false discovery rate-adjusted q = 0.001-0.033; Cohen's d = -0.93 to -1.61) and greater improvement than WLC on 5 of 9 CPT-3 outcomes (q = 0.001-0.031; d = -0.75 to -1.39). NF did not outperform WLC on any CPT-3 outcome. Among subjective-report outcomes, TPS showed a greater reduction in depressive symptoms than NF (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression, q = 0.028; d = -0.91), whereas no other between-group differences survived correction. No between-group differences in CPT-3 outcomes survived correction at 1- to 3-month follow-up. No serious adverse events occurred. Exploratory EEG analyses suggested successful modulation of the trained TBR target in the NF group, but this did not translate into measurable cognitive benefit. TPS was associated with greater short-term improvement in sustained attention than NF or WLC in young adults with subclinical attention difficulties. However, durability remains uncertain because between-group effects were not maintained at follow-up. Larger, blinded, sham-controlled trials are needed to determine the specificity, clinical significance, and longer-term durability of TPS effects.

Practical, neurologically validated measures of emotion identification are still needed in the dementia field. The Dynamic Affect Recognition Test (DART) was designed to identify emotion reading deficits in persons with dementia (PWD). Participants included 257 early-stage PWD and 115 healthy controls (HC) who underwent DART and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DART performance was worse in PWD than in HC, with the lowest scores observed in the semantic behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD). DART showed strong diagnostic specificity (areas under the curve (AUCs) &#x2265;82% comparing syndromes), with the highest performance distinguishing syndromes with prominent socioemotional impairment, particularly sbvFTD. DART performance was associated with other emotion identification measures and predicted real-world socioemotional sensitivity. Poorer DART performance predominantly correlated with focal atrophy in right-sided emotion processing areas, including the insula, temporal pole, and caudate head. The DART is a brief, clinically practical, video-based test of emotion identification designed for PWD that accurately reflects the neuroanatomy involved in emotion.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the leading work-related health issue in Europe. While passive back-support exoskeletons have shown promise in reducing physical strain in laboratory settings, their medium-term effects under real-world working conditions remain largely unexplored. This study will assess the applicability and the medium-term effects of passive back-support exoskeletons on MSDs in the logistics and healthcare sectors. ELSA LogiCare is a multicenter, parallel-designed, randomized controlled trial. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will be randomly assigned (1:1) to use one of two passive back-support exoskeleton models for 3 months, while the control group works unassisted as usual. We aim to recruit a total sample size of 120 participants, resulting in approximately 80 participants in the intervention group and 40 participants in the control group. Primary outcomes focus on feasibility and use of the exoskeleton, including daily wearing time. Effectiveness-related outcomes include musculoskeletal complaints after 3 months, assessed using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include physical and mental workload (NASA-Raw Task Load Index), job satisfaction (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire), cognitive performance (Wiener Testsystem), fatigue (Fatigue Scale), acceptance of exoskeletons (Technology Commitment), user satisfaction (Quest 2.0), user experience and implementation barriers (short interviews), absences due to illness, blood pressure, physical activity (Fitbit/Garmin) and dropouts. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, every 4 weeks during,&#xa0;and immediately after the intervention.&#xa0;The study is open-label, with blinding applied to outcome assessors and data analysts only. Primary analyses will follow the intention-to-treat principle and will be conducted using mixed-effects models with repeated measures to estimate feasibility- and effectiveness-related outcomes over time. When effectively integrated into workplace environments, passive back-support exoskeletons have the potential to significantly alleviate physical strain and enhance efforts to reduce the risks associated with MSDs. Our process evaluation can also help to understand how passive back-support exoskeletons can be successfully integrated into the logistics and care sectors. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) under the DRKS-ID: DRKS00036072.

Accurate and comprehensive assessment of cognition after stroke is crucial for diagnosis and rehabilitation. However, detailed assessment by a Neuropsychologist is often not feasible or practical. Although many screening tools exist, none fulfill three critical criteria: 1) assess all stroke-relevant domains, 2) consider demographic variables of gender, age, education level, and whether English is a first or second language, and 3) is brief and can be easily administered. The Q-CAS was developed by adapting well-validated neuropsychological tests. Cognitive domains include verbal/spatial memory, naming, perception, attention, executive functions, processing speed, and mood. We administered the Q-CAS to healthy individuals and patients with acute mild-to-moderate stroke, and examined aspects of reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and diagnostic accuracy against reference-standard neuropsychological testing. 648 healthy individuals and 150 patients with acute stroke were assessed. The mean completion time was 9&#xa0;min for healthy individuals and 15&#xa0;min for stroke patients. All Q-CAS subtests&#xa0;demonstrated&#xa0;clinically acceptable convergent and divergent validity against neuropsychological tests. ROC curve analyses showed good discrimination for all cognitive domains and were comparable for left- and right-hemisphere lesions. Using a novel simple scoring method which incorporates demographic variables, executive function, speed, and memory showed the best sensitivity (>&#x2009;0.8), whereas perception and attention showed the best specificity (>&#x2009;0.8). The Q-CAS is a brief cognitive screening tool assessing six core cognitive domains and mood. Validated in acute stroke, it demonstrates good discrimination across domains and offers a practical first-line approach that mitigates limitations of existing tools while balancing brevity and thoroughness.

What kinematic features drive emotion encoding (production or expression of emotion by an expressor) and decoding (perception, interpretation, or recognition of that emotional information by a receiver) in human full-body movement? We used upper-body sensor data from the EMOKINE full-body dataset [Christensen, et al. (2024). EMOKINE: A software package and computational framework for scaling up the creation of highly controlled emotional full-body movement datasets. Behavior Research Methods, 56(7), 7498-7542.], to perform a pre-registered, secondary data-analysis, examining this question. Previous work using EMOKINE showed that human observers (N&#xa0;=&#xa0;132) identify the dancer's intended emotions in full-body movements above chance-level. Yet, no analyses have been presented with regards to which kinematic features contributed to the dancer's encoding of emotional intention, and observers' correct decoding of encoded emotions. The present study examined the role of four of the 12 kinematic features provided with the EMOKINE dataset (acceleration, dimensionless jerk, head tilt, limb contraction), specifically for the upper-body. Finally, in an exploratory analysis, the effect of intended emotional expressivity and kinematic features on aesthetic judgment was examined. Upper-body acceleration, head tilt, and dimensionless jerk were the strongest predictors of emotion encoding, while decoding relied on the dancer's intended emotion, on dimensionless jerk and limb contraction. Aesthetic judgments were only weakly related to upper-body kinematics and depended largely on the dancer's intended emotion at encoding. Results illustrate a possible dissociation between expressive and aesthetic impression, and suggests that recognition and aesthetic responses may draw on partially distinct cognitive mechanisms.

Objective: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder caused by a variant in the NF1 gene. The condition can be diagnosed through endorsement of core clinical features; however, recent diagnostic criterion was modified to include the molecular confirmation of the NF1 gene. While recent studies reveal health disparities in NF1 disease surveillance, the relationships between sociodemographic and neighborhood-level factors with genetic testing among patients with NF1 remain unknown, despite its clinical utility in the early detection of NF1 and in the provision of essential prognostic information. Methods: This study includes a retrospective medical chart review for 86 pediatric patients with a diagnosis of NF1 who underwent a neuropsychological evaluation at an academic medical center. The relationship between NF1 clinical severity, neuropsychological functioning (intellectual quotient, day-to-day executive function difficulties, and adaptive behaviors), sociodemographic variables (identified race/ethnicity, sex, insurance type, English primary language status), and neighborhood opportunity (nationally-normed Childhood Opportunity Index) with genetic test completion and age of testing were examined. Results: Sociodemographic and neighborhood-opportunity factors were not associated with genetic test completion; however, those who underwent testing presented with more executive functioning difficulties (Z&#x2009;=&#x2009;2.14, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;.032). Among those who completed genetic assays, poorer neighborhood opportunity was associated with delayed genetic testing (r = -0.30, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;.049), which in turn moderately, but not significantly, correlated with greater day-to-day adaptive functioning challenges (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.37, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;.06). Conclusions: Distinct social determinants of health impact genetic test completion vs. timeliness of the procedure, highlighting the complex pathways social and neighborhood factors serve as barriers in NF1 diagnostic process and subsequent medical management.