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The purpose of the present study is to determine the predictive role of the data of flowcytometric DNA-analysis--aneuploidity DNA-index, proliferative index in patients with squamous cervical cancer who was given chemotherapy as a initial treatment. The data of 12 patients in stage IB2-IIIB, who were divided into two groups according to the second-line treatment--surgery of definitive radiotherapy, were analysed. These data were correlated with the respond of the tumor to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (clinical and histopathological) as well as other factors such as stage, size of tumor lesion, grading disease free survival. The method of flowcytometric DNA-analysis was presented briefly. The results we have obtained, although in quiete limited number of patients, are interesting and justify prospective studies of the problem.
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To clarify the concept of 'aggressive pituitary adenoma' using analysis of the current concepts, as well as to determine the optimal treatment algorithm for this disease and the place of chemotherapy in this treatment. Pituitary adenomas comprise from 10 to 15% of intracranial neoplasms. Despite the fact that pituitary adenomas are benign neoplasms, in 25-55% of cases they demonstrate invasive growth, growing into the surrounding structures (sphenoid sinus, cavernous sinus, etc.). Due to the lack of a standard definition of aggressive pituitary adenomas (due to the lack of clear criteria for this disease), there are no studies in the literature reporting optimal treatment for this group of patients, except for several publications describing the use of Temozolomide as palliative therapy. Аденомы гипофиза составляют от 10 до 15% внутричерепных новообразований. Несмотря на то что аденомы гипофиза являются доброкачественными новообразованиями, в 25-55% случаев они характеризуются инвазивным ростом, прорастая в окружающие структуры (пазуха основной кости, кавернозный синус и др.). Отсутствие стандартного определения агрессивных аденом гипофиза связано с тем, что нет четких критериев этого заболевания. Вероятно поэтому в литературе нет исследований, сообщающих об оптимальной терапии этой группы пациентов, кроме нескольких публикаций, описывающих использование препарата темозоломид в качестве паллиативной терапии. Цель обзора - уточнить понятие 'агрессивная аденома гипофиза' на основании анализа существующих на сегодняшний день представлений, а также определить оптимальную тактику лечения этого заболевания и место химиотерапии в этом лечении.
The object of this research is determination the necessity of leading of adjuvant chemotherapy with patients with breast cancer without metastases in axillary lymph nodes (N(-)), with disadvantages other prognostic factors (T > 20 mm, estrogen receptors (-), II and III stage grading). Post-operative with 52 women with high risk of recedives or metastases had been performed polychemotherapy (39-CMF and 13 FEC). Control group include 40 patients without adjuvant chemotherapy. Relapse are report with 6 of investigate and 8 of control group (pt > 0.05). The obtained results are discussed in connection with literature data.
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This article generally reviews new original two-stage approach to an effective treatment of solid cancers by killing tumour cells by the activation of a prodrug after the gene encoding for an activating enzyme has been targeted to the malignant cell. The experimental data concerning gene therapy for malignant tumours by using oxazaphosphorines and cytochrome P450 in a novel combined chemotherapy/cancer gene therapy strategy discussed.
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Philosophy of antibacterial chemotherapy (ACT) in threatened and developing infection in surgical patients is formulated, based on clinical experience and analysis of published reports. Indications for ACT and choice of drugs during and after various surgical interventions are discussed. A variant of a protocol of antibiotic therapy is presented. Errors and inaccuracies in ACT are discussed.
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The better survival rate was evaluated as well as the prognostic factors due to the treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian cancers FIGO Stage III and IV. For the period of 1990 till 2004 - 238 patients with histological diagnosis cystadenocarcinomas were evaluated. 192 patients received conventional chemotherapy after surgical treatment and 46 patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy after which a secondary cytoreductive surgery was used. The five years survival rate for the neoadjuvant chemotherapy was the same as the five years survival rate from the conventional chemotherapy. The patients with residual tumor < or = 2 cm. had a better prognosis than those with residual tumor more than 2 cm. There was a better prognosis for the patients treated with > or = 18 mg/m2/ week cisplatin from those treated with < 18 mg/m2/week.
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The effect of hypoxy on chemotherapy with emoxyl, 5-fluorouracil and bleomycin which are characterized by different affinities with oxygen has been investigated. In an experiment using 96 rats, each weighing 180 g, subcutaneously inoculated with Walker's carcinosarcoma and carcinoma. PC-1, combined use of chemotherapy and hypoxy was followed by a significant inhibition of tumor growth rate, against a background of significant drop in survival due to the increased toxic effect of the drugs. Therefore, hypoxy cannot be recommended for modifying chemotherapy of tumors irrespective of drug affinity with oxygen.
The effectiveness of adjuvant therapy with adriablastin and doxorubicin for breast cancer has been compared to that of standard CMF. During 1985-1990, the study included 349 patients with T1-2N2M0 and T3N0-2M0 tumors; mean age--46 yrs; mean follow-up--96.7 months. Overall survival rate in the doxorubicin group was 73%, CMF--62%; relapse-free survival--62.1 and 55%, respectively. The absolute difference in overall survival rates (11%) proved barely significant (p = 0.056). However, the difference in overall survival (p < 0.05) after anthracyclines and CMF in patients with tumors T1-2N2M0 and T3N1M0 was significant and in favor of the former. As far as frequency and degree of side-effects is concerned, their patterns were practically identical in both groups, except for the significantly higher frequency of cardiotoxity and complete alopecia in doxorubicin therapy. Cardiotoxic complication rate was significantly reduced from 13.8 to 3.9% by cardioxane treatment.