搜索结果：gives

Here, we present a visualization and clustering framework enabling the exploration of billion-sized chemical data sets, exemplified with the REAL database of 9.6 billion make-on-demand molecules. We represent molecules as 42-dimensional MQN (molecular quantum numbers) fingerprints describing molecular structures with counts for different atom and bond types, polar groups and topological features, and cluster the data set by applying Product Quantization and PQk-Means. We retrieve the molecule closest to the cluster centroid as a representative for each cluster and compute a tree-map (TMAP) displaying these representatives organized by MQN-similarity. Each cluster representative in this primary TMAP is linked to a nested secondary TMAP displaying the corresponding cluster content organized by the ECFP4 substructure fingerprint similarity. This nested TMAP approach can be computed on a single workstation and gives direct access to the entire data set down to single molecular structures in two clicks. A nested TMAP for the REAL database is accessible at https://chelombus.gdb.tools/databases/real-database.

While occupational therapists (OTs) promote quality of life through meaningful occupation, little attention has been paid to the role that leisure plays in palliative care. This review aims to explore the perceptions of service users and OTs regarding engagement in leisure activities at the end-of-life. 1. Determine the value of leisure activities for older adults living with cancer on the palliative pathway, 2. To identify interventions to promote occupational engagement. A qualitative systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Statement. The electronic databases namely ASSIA, AMED, CINAHL, Medline, PsycArticles, and PubMed were searched. Qualitative studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included. Two reviewers independently screened the identified articles. The findings were qualitatively synthesised using thematic analysis. We included seven articles with 405 participants. This review demonstrated that leisure could help people in palliative care maintain a sense of identity and normalcy. Leisure also increased happiness and provided relief from pain. Occupational therapy interventions targeting leisure allowed people to maintain a consistent level of engagement. Further empirical research is required to explore palliative patients' perspectives on leisure and to develop specific occupational therapy interventions that enable OTs to facilitate leisure engagement for people in palliative care. Why we conducted this review: • There is little focus on engaging people in leisure when they experience palliative care and there is a big emphasis on managing symptoms of cancer. • More and more people need palliative care due to the increasing ageing population who live longer with debilitating chronic illness. What did We do: • We systematically identified relevant articles and reviewed the literature from the past 14 years to understand the perspectives of older adults receiving palliative care on participating in leisure. What did we find out: • Older adults living with cancer value leisure activities because leisure gives them a greater sense of control over their lives, helps them to maintain a sense of normalcy, provides relief from pain, and increases feelings of happiness. • Occupational therapists have the skills to enable people to participate in leisure by changing the way an activity is done or changing the environment.

Genetic variation contributes to intraspecific differences in the chemical defence in many insect species, yet the underlying genetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. The horseradish flea beetle, Phyllotreta armoraciae, sequesters glucosinolates from its horseradish host plant and activates them using endogenous myrosinase enzymes. Of the three known myrosinases in P. armoraciae, PaMyr1 functions primarily in adults, whereas PaMyr2 and PaMyr3 are responsible for myrosinase activity in larvae. Here, we identify natural genetic variation at the myrosinase locus that gives rise to three distinct myrosinase haplotypes, only one of which retains a functional PaMyr3 gene. This variation affected PaMyr gene expression and myrosinase activity in larvae but not in adults. Larvae expressing both PaMyr2 and PaMyr3 showed elevated myrosinase activity toward 2-propenyl glucosinolate, the major glucosinolate in horseradish. Gene expression and biochemical analyses indicate that elevated myrosinase activity results from a subfunctionalization of PaMyr3, which confers greater catalytic efficiency rather than higher total myrosinase abundance. Importantly, PaMyr3-expressing larvae were less susceptible to a model generalist predator in laboratory assays, suggesting a selective advantage under high predation pressure. Consistent with this hypothesis, the PaMyr3-containing haplotype occurred at higher frequency in a natural population than in long-term laboratory populations lacking predators. Together, our results link structural genetic variation to intraspecific differences in insect chemical defence with potential consequences for predator-prey interactions in natural populations.

OsH5(SiHPh2)(PiPr3)2 (1) catalyzes the monoalcoholysis of diphenylsilane with a variety of alcohols. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the reactions occur via a highly ordered transition state resulting from the nucleophilic attack of the alcohol to the silane coordinated to the osmium center in an η1-H-SiHPh2 fashion. The alcoholysis or aminolysis of the Si-H bond of 1 with 2-hydroxypyridine or 2-aminopyridine affords OsH3{κ2-Si,N-(SiPh2-E-py)}(PiPr3)2 (E = O (4), NH (5)). Analogously, OsH4(SiH2Ph)2(PiPr3)2 (2) reacts with 2-hydroxypyridine and 2-aminopyridine to give OsH3{κ2-Si,N-(SiPh(Epy)-E-py)}(PiPr3)2 (E = O (6), NH (7)), as a result of the alcoholysis or aminolysis, respectively, of both Si-H bonds of one of the phenylsilyl ligands. Additionally, 1 catalyzes the tandem hydrosilylation/dehydrogenative silylation of salicylaldehydes with diphenylsilane to afford silacycles. DFT calculations suggest that this process happens via an outer-sphere hydrogenation of the aldehyde moiety to give a diol and tetrahydride-silylene OsH4(=SiPh2)(PiPr3)2. Next, the silylative dehydrogenation of the Ph-OH function affords a silyl-O-functionalized pentahydride, which, upon the nucleophilic intramolecular attack of the benzylic OH group, gives the silacycle and intermediate OsH4(η2-H2)(PiPr3)2, which reacts with diphenylsilane, giving H2 and regenerating OsH5(SiHPh2)(PiPr3)2.

Background and Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of global disability. The efficacy of a non-invasive treatment, pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy, remains debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate PEMF's effectiveness on KOA, exploring the influence of device parameters. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2015 to 2025. Nine RCTs with a total of 457 patients were included. Primary outcomes were pain (Visual Analog Scale-VAS) and function (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index-WOMAC). Data were pooled using a random-effects model with subgroup analyses based on PEMF amplitude and frequency. Results: No significant improvement in VAS pain or total WOMAC scores was found at one month. However, time-dependent effects were observed. WOMAC-pain improved significantly at 18-21 days (MD = -1.63, 95% CI: -2.43 to -0.82, I2 = 28%) but not at one month. Conversely, WOMAC-stiffness (MD = -1.11, 95% CI: -1.386 to -0.85, I2 = 0%) and daily activity (MD = -3.39, 95% CI: -4.81 to -1.97, I2 = 0%) improved significantly only at the one-month. Objective functional measures did not improve, and the overall risk of bias across studies was high. The efficacy of PEMF is also influenced by the amplitude and frequency. Conclusions: PEMF efficacy for KOA is nuanced, with benefits dependent on timing and device parameters. High frequency gives fast pain relief; high amplitude builds function. Though statistically significant, these improvements may not reach thresholds for clinical meaningfulness. Significant heterogeneity in treatment protocols is a major barrier to clear conclusions. Standardized, large-scale RCTs are needed to determine optimal parameters and confirm PEMF's clinical role.

In situ polymerized quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSEs) are promising for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) yet face challenges regarding high-voltage stability and kinetics. Herein, a novel ether-ester hybrid QSE is achieved through the in situ copolymerization of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate (TFEA) and 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) within a tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G4)/fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) solvent system. This design leverages synergistic interactions between the functionalized polymer matrix (─CF3 and ─N═C═O) and liquid components. The incorporation of FEC and the regulatory effect of the polymer backbone tailor the Li+ solvation structure toward an anion-rich configuration, which gives rise to a robust, antioxidative, and inorganic-rich interphase. Furthermore, hydrogen bonding interactions effectively immobilize PF6 - anions and free G4 molecules, thereby elevating the Li+ transference number and enabling the electrochemical stability window over 4.8 V (vs. Li+/Li). The QSE exhibited a high room-temperature ionic conductivity of 2.2 × 10-3 S cm-1. Consequently, 4.2 V Li|| LiFePO4 (LFP) cells demonstrate 93% capacity retention over 1,000 cycles, while 4.5 V Li||NCM811 (NCM811) cells retain 80% over 300 cycles. A specific energy of 302.64 Wh kg-1 is attained in a 2 Ah Li||NCM811 pouch-type cell. These findings highlight tailored molecular design and controlled interactions as a viable route for advancing high-energy-density quasi-solid-state batteries.

The prediction of thermodynamic properties using mathematical and graph-theoretical approaches has secured significant attention in materials science. The current paper is a statistical investigation of the relationship between various topological indices and the heat of formation (HOF) of the Magnesium aluminate [Formula: see text] network. The study fills the current gap in the systematic relationship between graph-theoretical descriptors and thermodynamic stability of structured [Formula: see text] networks. The HOF data is computed using a computational simulation of the related network structures under homogeneous reference conditions whereby consistency is applied in the energy assessment mechanism. Moreover the present study show a statistical insight into how different topological indices express the heat of formation in the Magnesium aluminate [Formula: see text] network. By taking into account various topological indices, we use a power curve-fitting technique to speculate and describe the heat of formation-an major thermodynamic element that directly act on the stability and reactivity of [Formula: see text]. We compute and investigate the Randic index, the Atom-Bond Connectivity (ABC) index, the Geometric-Arithmetic (GA) index, and the Zagreb index based on the chemical graph depiction in case of the HOF data. Results indicate significant predictive efficiency, with the value of R1 having the best fit ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), followed by [Formula: see text] and GA indices. All other indices have shown to have strong correlations ([Formula: see text]). It is thus evident that power fitting helps in estimating the value of HOF effectively and successfully. We also found some important connections among heat of formation and topological indicators applying the power curve-fitting method. Our outcome gives proof that the curve-fitted model not only provides accurate results of the data points but also assists a good perception of the nature of the chemical interlinking within the [Formula: see text] network.

The intermediating chemistry and accessible surface area of CeO2 nanoparticles (CNPs) are strongly dictated by their mesoscale textural features and morphology rather than their bulk particle size. It remains crucial to develop facile synthetic strategies for the continuous tuning of these architectural parameters as well as their surface valence states. We report a water-regulated solvothermal synthesis in ethylene glycol that gives rise to phase-pure CeO2 nanoparticles in a variety of architectures which transit from asymmetric, defect-perforated (Janus-like) to symmetric, sea-urchin-like. Through the systematic variation of the deionized water content, it is possible to directly modulate the effective solvation and supersaturation equilibria of the system. Electron microscopy shows that a continuous morphological evolution occurs. At high effective precursor concentrations, asymmetric Janus-like holes are kinetically preferred. Then, upon further dilution, smaller uniform sea-urchin-like particles appear, which finally promotes aggregation. It is confirmed with structural characterizations that all samples exhibit a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice. Moreover, the crystallinity increases with a decrease in the effective concentration. Through comparative analysis using two size-matched representative samples, the surface Ce3+ fractions of the two systems are comparable. Interestingly, the defect-rich Janus-like structure has a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area that is higher by ∼75.9% than that of the sea-urchin-like counterpart. We suggest that the topologically asymmetric Janus-like behavior is a result of the combination of Ostwald ripening and shell collapse.

Potent saponin adjuvants such as QS-21, used in clinically approved vaccine formulations, remain limited by intrinsic hemolytic activity and restricted aqueous stability, motivating biomaterials strategies aimed at regulating their interfacial behavior while preserving immunostimulatory function. Here, we show that when combined with amphiphilic PEO-PPO triblock copolymers (P123 and F127), QS-21 appears to participate in cooperative supramolecular integration into polymeric micelles rather than behaving as a passively encapsulated cargo. This architecture-dependent organization gives rise to structurally coherent nanosystems with enhanced dilution stability and controlled membrane activity. Comparative analysis revealed that P123/QS-21 assemblies form compact, monodisperse micelles (∼21 nm) with marked resistance to dilution, whereas F127-based systems display greater structural heterogeneity and reduced supramolecular robustness. Cooperative integration is associated with attenuation of hemolytic activity in a concentration-dependent manner relative to free QS-21 while preserving functional accessibility, consistent with controlled interfacial presentation of the saponin. These physicochemical features are supported by DLS, TEM, and NTA analyses. In vivo evaluation using a SARS-CoV-2 Spike subunit antigen indicates that P123/QS-21 is associated with enhanced systemic and mucosal antibody responses while inducing functional neutralizing activity. Together, these findings support cooperative supramolecular integration as a biomaterials design principle to modulate membrane activity and nanoadjuvant performance, providing a scalable and tunable framework for the development of subunit vaccine platforms.

Metal-liquid interfaces host partially charged adsorbates whose solvent reorganization and polarization strongly influence electron-transfer kinetics, yet these quantities are difficult to extract from ab initio calculations because strong hybridization broadens and shifts the electronic levels of an adsorbate. Here, we combine the implicit continuum solvation model and explicit atomistic water molecular dynamics, using a combination of machine-learned interatomic potentials trained to density functional theory (DFT) and explicit DFT calculations, to quantify solvation potentials and reorganization energies for a model Agδ+ adsorbate on an Au(111) slab. Continuum solvation model calculations along the adsorption pathway yield bulk-like solvation shifts for fully solvated Ag+ and constrain the solvent polarization potential acting on adsorbed Agδ+ to roughly half this value. To separate nuclear from electronic contributions at finite temperature, we fine-tuned a machine-learned interatomic potential to ab initio molecular dynamics trajectories and generated 200 ps of explicit-water dynamics for both bulk Ag+ and surface Agδ+, with hybrid-functional DFT (HSE06) sampling of instantaneous eigenvalues. Gerischer-Hopfield analysis gives a bulk reorganization energy of near 1.4 eV and a lower bound at ∼30% of this value upon interfacial reorganization. Analysis of the solvation potential, non-vanishing reorganization energy (through tracking adsorbate core-level fluctuations), and persistent dipole polarization upon adsorption suggests that partially solvated surface species can retain an appreciable fraction of bulk-like solvation properties. Altogether, the theoretical findings presented imply that sufficiently resolved spectroscopic probes of core-level fluctuations could be essential to quantifying these properties. This, in turn, could have broad implications for understanding interfacial kinetics within many practical electrochemical systems.

Finding novel cluster templates is useful to envisage the formation of stable building blocks with particular functionality. Here, we evaluated the unusual bonding properties of boron clusters toward transition metals, describing the Ca2B18 cluster as a highly stable double-ring bicapped nonagonal antiprism structure, featuring a D9d symmetry, confirmed as the global minimum. The resulting structure leads to a significant charge transfer from calcium to the boron framework, enhancing its stability. Energy decomposition analysis of the Ca2-B18 interaction shows a sizable stabilization, attributed mainly to orbital interactions, supported by electrostatic effects and minor dispersion interactions. The charge distribution in Ca2B18 gives rise to electron-deficient σ-hole regions at calcium sites, indicating Lewis acid behavior. Adaptive natural density partitioning shows a complex multicenter bonding network with planar aromatic character, supported by magnetic shielding. Overall, this work elucidates the plausible formation of Ca2B18 as a three-dimensional cluster, offering valuable insights for designing tunable clusters based on the B18 toroid skeleton for achieving suitable molecular building blocks for extended materials.

The current state of medical practice is going through tremendous and rapid changes. There is an increasing prevalence of burnout among physicians, where they are questioning the value of practicing medicine. There is also a growing frustration among patients over reduced access to physicians, feeling rushed at appointments and generally feeling that they are not being heard. These conditions point to a sense among doctors and patients that the doctor-patient relationship is compromised without a viable pathway to repair this vital connection. In this paper, I want to show how applying philosophy, particularly, Martin Heidegger's discussion of angst and death can help to show a way for doctors to have a deeper ontological understanding of their patients' conditions, which can provide a bridge for doctors to re-establish a deep doctor-patient relationship. I will use vertigo as a paradigm condition of a disorder in which doctors have a poor understanding of their patients' condition. This leads to frustrating interactions with patients and breakdown of the doctor-patient relationship. Ménière's disease is a particular type of vertigo disorder which will serve as the foundation for this study which will examine the severe vertigo attacks and chronic disequilibrium these patients experience through the lens of Heidegger's highly technical phenomenological analysis of angst and death. Ménière's disease is an inner ear disorder that causes violent vertigo attacks and hearing loss followed by severe disequilibrium. During the attacks patients are incapacitated by the vertigo, and after the attack subsides, the disequilibrium makes life's normal pursuits meaningless. These patients understand the role of entities in their lives, but entities do not matter to them. Heidegger introduces the concept of for-the-sake-of-which to describe how entities in the world are interrelated with Dasein's purpose of disclosing a world. He provides a sense of for-the-sake-of-which where everyday entities are used to fulfill Dasein's activities which is an existentiell mode of for-the-sake-of-which. His famous example is the hammer in the workshop. He also gives a sense of for-the-sake-of-which where the totality of entities in the world are related to Dasein's ultimate goal of being a discloser of its world. This is Dasein's ultimate for-the-sake-of-which, which is an existential mode. In this paper I show that for-the-sakes-of-which can be thought of as having an existentiell and existential sense, and the existentiell for-the-sakes-of-which can be inauthentic or authentic. I will show how Heidegger's analysis of Dasein can be applied to concrete human existence, using the inner ear disorder, Ménière's Disease as an example. I am suggesting that the disequilibrium from Ménière's disease is a naturalized account of Heideggerian angst and is being-towards-death. I am also suggesting that the Ménière's attack is an experience of existential death because all possibilities and solicitations are impossible. I show that some Ménière's patients are able to take on authentic for-the-sake-of-which by becoming resolute and anticipating death.

Second-generation immunomodulating drugs for inflammatory dermatoses have expanded over the past decades. Contraindications and special warnings must be considered before starting any treatment, but identifying all relevant safety information can be time-consuming. The objective is to provide an overview of contraindications, special warnings, and boxed warnings with the aim to establish a safety checklist, covering second-generation immunomodulatory therapies. We identified contraindications, special warnings and boxed warnings provided by the European Medicines Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration, for second-generation immunomodulating drugs approved for inflammatory dermatoses. Both topical and systemic therapies were included. Most drug classes had warnings related to infections. Herpes zoster was listed for anti-CD20, IL-12/23i, INFi, JAKi and TYK2i, where hepatitis reactivation was reported for anti-CD20, TNFi, IL-17i, anti-BAFF, JAKi and TYK2i. Malignancy risk including skin cancer was mentioned for most classes, except IL-23i, IL-17i, IL-13i, IL-4/13i, IL-31i, IL-36i and PDE4i. Other serious warnings included neurological, cardiovascular, thrombotic, hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, and psychiatric adverse events. This work provides a simple stepwise approach to managing contraindications and special warnings. Our safety checklist gives clinicians a rapid overview of contraindications, special warnings, and boxed warnings for the available drug classes approved for inflammatory dermatoses.

Decisions need evidence, and for healthcare decisions, the evidence decision-makers often want is a systematic review. However, reviews often lack clarity about who is represented within the evidence they synthesize, which limits understanding of how findings apply to diverse populations. PRO EDI was developed to help systematic review authors extract and report equity-related participant data to support greater transparency and more informed judgments about applicability. PRO EDI was developed iteratively between August 2022 and March 2024 and was conceptualized as a way of making it easier to use PROGRESS-Plus, a framework to assess equity in reviews. An initial draft was created and then discussed and revised in collaboration with an international advisory group. A relatively mature version of the tool was then presented to a meeting of the Cochrane Health Equity Thematic Group. The modified version that emerged from that meeting was considered v1 of PRO EDI. PRO EDI has two main components: a participant characteristics table and guidance on how to use the extracted characteristics data within reviews. PRO EDI recommends that six participant characteristics should be extracted for all included studies in a review: age, sex, gender, ethnicity, race and ancestry, socioeconomic status, and location. Other characteristics (e.g., disability) may be important for some reviews. PRO EDI is relevant for all systematic reviews, not just those with an equity focus. The tool has been piloted in several reviews and is publicly available via Trial Forge. PRO EDI gives systematic review authors a consistent way of deciding which participant characteristics to extract from included studies to support equity-related judgments in their results and discussion. It also suggests ways in which those judgments can be presented.

Large vessel vasculitides (LVV), including giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK), share common features such as inflammation of large sized arteries but differ in several key aspects, including age of onset and pathogenic mechanism. This narrative review gives an update of recent insights into pathogenesis of GCA and TAK, and discusses emerging targeted therapies based on these insights. It highlights omics-based signatures, ULK3 and SLAMF7 in GCA, EGR1 in TAK, alongside genetic and somatic risk factors such as clonal haematopoiesis (DNMT3A/TET2) linked to relapse and ischaemic vision loss in GCA, and the IL6R-p.Asp358Ala variant as a predictor of reduced interleukin (IL)-6 receptor blockade response. Common mechanisms include CD4⁺ T-cell, monocyte/macrophage, and B-cell infiltration with activation of IL-6, JAK/STAT/interferon, and IL-17 pathways. Giant cell arteritis is characterised by GM-CSF-driven macrophages and disrupted programmed cell death (PD)-1/PD-L1 checkpoint regulation, while TAK shows dominance of CD8⁺ T cells and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α signalling. Interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors (e.g., tocilizumab) show robust efficacy in GCA but with notable non-responders; the JAK inhibitor upadacitinib demonstrated efficacy in a Phase III study, whereas IL-17 blockade (secukinumab) yielded inconsistent results. In TAK, TNF inhibitors and tocilizumab are comparably effective; early data suggest Janus kinases (JAK) inhibitors promote remission, imaging improvement, and glucocorticoid sparing. Mavrilimumab (GM-CSF receptor blockade) is promising in GCA. Recent studies have increasingly focused on short-term glucocorticoid therapy in combination with biologic agents. Advances in biomarker research, including investigation of the IL-6 receptor and IL-17A gene polymorphisms, may enable more targeted therapeutic strategies.

The profunda femoris artery (PFA) is a branch of the femoral artery, and it gives off medial and lateral circumflex arteries. The PFA and its branches are of utmost use in preventing avascular necrosis of the femoral head, during catheterisation, and in reconstructive surgeries. Due to the immense clinical implications associated with this artery, the study assumes great importance. The aim of the study is to highlight the varied anatomy of the PFA and its branches, along with correlating them with clinical implications. The literature was explored using the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. Various terms related to the artery were used for the literature search. The literature revealed that the PFA and its branches vary greatly in various populations. The varied anatomy of this artery is of great use to vascular surgeons, to anatomists, and to oncologists.

Truncated count data are often obtained from field investigations conducted for individuals with some health-related symptoms to discover the possible causes of food-borne outbreaks quickly and accurately. This study shows two robust properties of the truncated negative binomial (TNB) model. First, by characterizing the whole set of models leading to the same likelihood function as the TNB model, we find a practical meaning that the TNB model gives reliable inference for the regression coefficients even zero inflation is allowed, but a careful interpretation of the regression coefficients is needed. Second, the TNB model can be derived from the Poisson distribution with the random intercept following a gamma distribution, however, it is difficult to justify the distribution assumption for the random intercept. We find that the TNB model presents robust inference for the slope parameters against a misspecified random effect distribution. With some analytic justifications, our numerical study shows that the empirical coverage based on the TNB model is close to its nominal level, even when the random effect distribution is misspecified. The TNB model is applied to analyze truncated count data from the food-borne outbreak that occurred in South Korea.

With the rise of large-scale genomic studies, large gene lists targeting important diseases are increasingly common. While evaluating each study individually gives valuable insights on specific samples and study designs, the wealth of available evidence in the literature calls for robust and efficient meta-analytic methods. Crucially, the diverse assumptions and experimental protocols underlying different studies require a flexible but rigorous method for aggregation. To address these issues, we propose BiGER, a Bayesian rank aggregation method for the inference of latent global rankings. Unlike existing methods in the field, BiGER accommodates mixed gene lists with top-ranked and top-unranked genes as well as bottom-tied and missing genes, by design. Using a Bayesian hierarchical framework combined with variational inference, BiGER efficiently aggregates large-scale gene lists, consistently achieving state-of-the-art accuracy, while providing valuable insights into source-specific reliability for researchers. Through both simulated and real datasets, we show that BiGER is a useful tool for reliable meta-analysis in genomic studies.

To examine the relationship between perceived prenatal care quality and social media use for pregnancy-related information among Black women in the United States during their most recent pregnancy. This cross-sectional study used a national sample of Black women who were pregnant or recently postpartum. Prenatal care quality was assessed using the Anticipatory Guidance and Support and Respect subscales of the Quality of Prenatal Care Questionnaire. Social media use measures included frequency of use, use for giving and getting support, and sharing pregnancy-related information. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for demographic and provider-related factors. Participants rated prenatal care guidance quality as moderately good (mean item score: 3.86, SD: 0.85) and support and respect quality as high (mean item score: 4.09, SD: 0.88). Greater perceived prenatal care guidance quality was associated with social media use (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.246, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.0001) and use of social media for support (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.272, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.0001), and these associations remained significant after adjustment. Associations between support and respect quality and social media use observed in bivariate analyses were not significant in adjusted models. Both guidance quality and support and respect quality were associated with increased sharing of pregnancy-related information found on social media. Effect sizes were small. Social media is a routine source of pregnancy-related information among Black women, regardless of prenatal care experiences. Higher perceived guidance quality is associated with greater engagement in social media, though causality cannot be determined. Integrating discussions of online information into prenatal care may support informed decision-making and help reduce exposure to misinformation.