Objective: To investigate the molecular sensitization profiles of inhalant allergens in Chinese patients with airway allergies using component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) and to analyze their distributional characteristics. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, allergen component testing data were collected from 225 patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (AR) and/or allergic asthma (AS) across 20 medical centers in 13 provinces (Northern, Southern, and Northwestern China) between October 2019 and January 2023. Specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels for 132 components were analyzed. Sensitization differences were compared across clinical phenotypes, age stratifications, and geographical regions. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to evaluate molecular cross-reactivity. Results: Among the 225 patients [mean age: (19.40±17.53) years; 119 males, 106 females], children aged 0-6 and 7-14 years accounted for 58.67% (132/225). Regarding overall distribution, the predominant sensitizing components were Artemisia vulgaris (Art v 1, 43.11%), dust mites (Der p 2, 39.11%; Der f 2, 38.22%), and Phleum pratense (Phl p 12, 39.11%). Phenotypically, while the AR combined with AS group exhibited the broadest polysensitization, the AR only group was distinct for its significantly higher sensitization to cat (Fel d 1, 68.42%) and dog (Can f 1,36.84%) dander (both P<0.05). Conversely, pollen sensitization was relatively lower in the AS only group. Regarding age, children (0-6 and 7-14 years) showed early sensitization to pan-allergens (e.g., Phl p 12, Bet v 2) and fungi (Alt a 1), whereas dust mite components (Der f 2, Der p 2, Der p 23) showed lower prevalence in the 0-6 group (23.19%, 23.19%, and 10.14%, respectively). Regional analysis highlighted a "Northern Pollen vs Southern Mite" dichotomy: weeds (Artemisia>60%) and tree pollen dominated the Northwest and North, whereas mites (>60%) and cockroaches dominated the South (P<0.001). Furthermore, extensive molecular cross-reactivity was confirmed within the Serum Albumin and Profilin families. Conclusions: Significant heterogeneity exists in sensitization profiles across phenotypes, ages, and regions. Mugwort and mites are core allergens. CRD facilitates the identification of cross-reactivity and guides precise, regionalized management. 目的： 探讨基于组分诊断技术我国气道过敏患者的吸入性过敏原分子致敏模式及其交叉反应特征等不同维度下的分布特征。 方法： 横断面研究。纳入2019年10月至2023年1月我国北方、南方及西北地区13个省份，20家医学中心，诊断为过敏性鼻炎（AR）和（或）过敏性哮喘（AS）的气道过敏患者的过敏原组分检测数据。统计分析132种组分的特异性免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）水平，比较不同临床表型、年龄分层及地理区域的致敏差异，并利用相关性分析评价分子间的交叉反应特征。 结果： 纳入225例患者，年龄（19.40±17.53）岁，男119例，女106例，0~6岁和7~14岁年龄段的儿童患者占58.67%（132/225）。总体分布方面，艾蒿（Art v 1）、尘螨（Der p 2、Der f 2）及梯牧草（Phl p 12）的阳性率分别为43.11%（97/225）、39.11%（88/225）、38.22%（86/225）、39.11%（88/225），是占比较高的致敏组分。临床表型方面，AR合并AS组呈现最广泛的多重致敏特征；仅AR组在猫毛（Fel d 1，68.42%）及狗毛（Can f 1，36.84%）上的致敏率明显高于其他两组（均P<0.05），而仅AS组的花粉致敏率相对较低。年龄分布方面，0~6岁和7~14岁儿童组表现出以花粉泛变应原（如Phl p 12、Bet v 2）及真菌（Alt a 1）为主的早期致敏特征，而尘螨组分（Der f 2，Der p 2，Der p 23）的致敏率在0~6岁组比例较低，分别为23.19%（16/69）、23.19%（16/69）和10.14%（7/69）。地区差异方面，致敏谱呈现鲜明的“北花南螨”二元对立特征：西北及北方地区以杂草花粉（艾蒿阳性率>60%）及树木花粉为主，南方地区则以尘螨（阳性率>60%）及蟑螂致敏占绝对主导（P<0.001）。交叉反应特征分析显示不同地区的过敏原致敏模式在谱系上呈现出明显分层特征，相关性分析证实了血清白蛋白与Profilin家族在动物皮屑及花粉间存在广泛的分子交叉反应。 结论： 我国气道过敏患者的分子致敏谱存在显著的表型、年龄及地域异质性。艾蒿与尘螨是核心致敏原，组分诊断有助于揭示泛变应原交叉反应，指导区域化精准防治。.
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 16 pathogens in hospitalized patients with acute respiratory infections aged 0-17 years in Yichang City from 2017 to 2024. Methods: Based on the Health Management Big Data Platform in Yichang City, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 72 848 hospitalized patients with acute respiratory infections who underwent laboratory tests from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2024. A negative binomial regression model was constructed to analyze the adjusted positive rates of 16 respiratory pathogens (including 11 viruses, 3 bacteria, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae). Results: A total of 372 600 respiratory pathogen tests were conducted on 72 848 patients. 33 848 hospitalized patients tested positive for at least one pathogen, with a total of 44 716 positive detections. The number of positive detections of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized patients with acute respiratory infections in Yichang City showed an upward trend from 2017 to 2024 (P<0.05). Mycoplasma pneumoniae was widely prevalent throughout the year, with a higher adjusted positive rate for respiratory syncytial virus and influenza B virus in winter compared to the other three seasons (all P<0.05). Children under one year old were susceptible to respiratory syncytial virus, with an adjusted positive rate of 7.7%. The positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in males was lower than that in females (P<0.001), and the positive rate of rhinovirus was higher in males than in females (P<0.001). Conclusion: There are seasonal, gender, and age differences in the distribution of pathogens among hospitalized patients with acute respiratory infections aged 0-17 in Yichang City from 2017 to 2024. 目的： 分析2017—2024年宜昌市0~17岁急性呼吸道感染住院患者16种病原体的流行特征。 方法： 基于宜昌市健康管理大数据平台，回顾性分析2017年1月1日至2024年12月31日急性呼吸道感染住院且有实验室检测的72 848例患者数据，构建负二项回归模型，分析16种呼吸道病原体（包括11种病毒、3种细菌及肺炎支原体和衣原体）的调整阳性率。 结果： 72 848例患者共进行呼吸道病原检验372 600人次。33 848例住院患者至少1种病原体阳性，病原体阳性检出44 716人次。2017—2024年宜昌市急性呼吸道感染住院患者呼吸道病原体阳性人次呈上升趋势（P<0.05）。肺炎支原体在各季节中广泛流行，冬季呼吸道合胞病毒、乙型流感病毒调整阳性率高于其他3个季节（均P<0.05）。<1岁年龄组儿童是呼吸道合胞病毒的易感人群，调整阳性率为7.7%。男性肺炎支原体阳性率低于女性（P<0.001），鼻病毒阳性率高于女性（P<0.001）。 结论： 2017—2024年宜昌市0~17岁急性呼吸道感染住院人群病原体存在季节、性别和年龄上的分布差异。.
This study aimed to analyze the pathogen spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Henan Province and provide evidence for targeted regional prevention and control strategies. Using the provincial multi-pathogen surveillance system for ARI, respiratory samples were collected from influenza-like illness cases at 18 sentinel hospitals between April 2024 and March 2025. Eleven respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR, including influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, human coronavirus, human bocavirus, rhinovirus, enterovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine demographic, seasonal, and regional distribution patterns. Among 11 794 samples tested, the overall positivity rate was 55.05% (6 493/11 794), with 12.77% (829/6 493) showing co-infections. Influenza virus (19.83%), HRV (9.08%), and hMPV (7.07%) were predominant. Age-specific patterns emerged: RSV, PIV, HCoV, hMPV, HBoV, HRV, and EV were more prevalent in children under five years. M. pneumoniae was most common in 5-14 years old. Seasonal trends showed that influenza virus and hMPV peaked in winter, SARS-CoV-2 and EV in summer, RSV in spring, PIV in spring/summer, HRV in spring/autumn, and M. pneumoniae in summer/autumn. Regional variations revealed higher detection rates for influenza virus in southern Henan, HRV in western Henan. Co-infection patterns differed significantly: SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus mainly occurred as single infections, while HBoV and EV showed notable co-infection trends. In conclusion, ARI in Henan demonstrate multi-pathogen co-circulation, with influenza virus, HRV, and hMPV being predominant. Children under five years require prioritized intervention. Sustained multi-pathogen surveillance is essential for effective control. 分析2024—2025年河南省急性呼吸道感染的病原谱构成及流行特征。基于河南省持续开展的急性呼吸道多病原监测系统，于2024年4月至2025年3月，在河南省18 家哨点医院采集流感样病例呼吸道样本，采用多重实时荧光聚合酶链反应法检测11种常见呼吸道病原体（包括流感病毒、新型冠状病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、人偏肺病毒、副流感病毒、普通冠状病毒、博卡病毒、鼻病毒、肠道病毒和肺炎支原体），采用描述性流行病学方法分析病原体的人群、季节和地区分布特征，组间比较采用χ²检验或Fisher确切概率法。纳入研究11 794 份样本，总阳性率为55.05%（6 493/11 794），检出阳性样本中2种及以上病原混合感染占比12.77%（829/6 493）。流感病毒（19.83%）、鼻病毒（9.08%）、人偏肺病毒（7.07%）阳性率较高。病原体年龄分布特征显著：呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、普通冠状病毒、人偏肺病毒、博卡病毒、鼻病毒、肠道病毒在5 岁以下人群阳性率较高；肺炎支原体在5~14 岁年龄组中阳性率较高。季节分布显示，流感病毒、人偏肺病毒冬季高发；新型冠状病毒、肠道病毒夏季高发；呼吸道合胞病毒春季高发；副流感病毒春季和夏季高发；鼻病毒春季、秋季高发。肺炎支原体夏季、秋季高发。呼吸道感染病原体流行存在地域差异，鼻病毒在豫西阳性率更高。不同病原体呈现显著差异的共感染模式，新型冠状病毒与流感病毒以单一感染为主，博卡病毒和肠道病毒呈现突出的共感染趋势。综上，2024—2025年河南省急性上呼吸道感染呈现多病原共流行特征，流感病毒、鼻病毒、人偏肺病毒为主要流行病原，5岁以下儿童为防控重点人群。.
Objective: To analyze the serious AEFI reported in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2024, and evaluate the vaccine safety. Methods: Serious AEFI cases reported in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2024 were collected through China's AEFI Information Management System, including demographic information, vaccination information, clinical incidence and treatment history, investigation and diagnosis information, etc. Descriptive methods were used to analyze and evaluate the regional distribution, seasons, populations, vaccines, and clinical diagnosis and classification. Results: The incidence rates of serious AEFI and abnormal reactions showed statistically significant differences with annual changes. There were significant differences in reported cases among different regions, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.25∶1.95, 11% of cases were under 1 year old, and 67.26% had received one suspected vaccine. The incidence rates of serious adverse reactions to the HZV, BCG, DTaP, IPV/Hib, RabV, and PPV23 were notably high, ranking among the top five for all vaccines, with rates of 16.18 per million, 6.61 per million, 5.90 per million, 5.21 per million, and 4.30 per million, respectively. In serious abnormal reactions, the incidence of clinical diagnostic reports such as thrombocytopenic purpura, febrile seizures, allergic purpura, anaphylactic shock, and BCG lymphadenitis was relatively high. Conclusion: From 2015 to 2024, the post-vaccination safety profile in Zhejiang Province remained favorable, with no significant increase in the incidence of severe adverse reactions compared to the 2013-2014 period. Notably, heightened vigilance is warranted for acute allergic reactions, and sustaining elevated monitoring sensitivity and reporting quality remains imperative. 目的： 分析2015—2024年浙江省所有疫苗接种后严重疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）发生情况，评价疫苗安全性。 方法： 通过中国疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统收集2015—2024年在浙江省接种疫苗后报告的严重AEFI个案，包含人口学信息、疫苗接种信息、临床发病及治疗经过、调查诊断信息等，采用描述性流行病学方法，对地区分布、季节、人群、疫苗及临床诊断与分类情况进行分析评价。 结果： 2015—2024年浙江省累计报告675例严重AEFI，报告发生率3.13/100万剂次；严重异常反应报告366例，报告发生率1.70/100 万剂次，严重AEFI、严重异常反应报告发生率均随年度变化差异有统计学意义。各地区报告差异性较大，报告病例中男女性别比为1.25∶1，≤1岁占59.11%，67.26%为接种1种可疑疫苗。带状疱疹疫苗、卡介苗、无细胞百白破灭活脊灰和b型流感嗜血杆菌（结合）联合疫苗、狂犬病疫苗、23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗严重异常反应报告发生率较高，居所有疫苗的前五位，分别为16.18/100万、6.61/100万、5.90/100万、5.21/100万和4.30/100万。严重异常反应中，血小板减少性紫癜（症）、热性惊厥、过敏性紫癜、过敏性休克、卡介苗淋巴结炎等临床诊断报告发生率较高。 结论： 2015—2024年浙江省疫苗接种后安全性总体良好，严重异常反应报告发生率与2013—2014年相比未见明显变化，需重点关注急性过敏反应，持续保持高水平监测敏感性和报告质量。.
Objective: To investigate the potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) endonuclease activity as a biomarker for the auxiliary diagnosis and monitoring of ovarian cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 182 participants from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Hospital from March 2022 to July 2025. The cohort included 97 patients with malignant group [age: 53(45, 66)], 49 patients with benign group [age: 46(34, 51)], and 36 healthy controls [age: 47(41, 54)]. The endonuclease activity of PBMCs was quantified using a plasmid cleavage assay combined with agarose gel electrophoresis. The activity was calculated as the ratio of cleaved substrate to the total substrate, expressed as the R-value. Serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) were also measured for all participants. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare R values among the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the R-value alone and in combination with serum CA125 and HE4 for ovarian cancer. The area under the curve (AUC), optimal cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity were determined. A total of 61 patients in the malignant group completed the first follow-up. From this cohort, 31 patients with malignant ovarian tumors were randomly selected for dynamic follow-up of R-value changes before and after chemotherapy, and the rank sum test was used to analyze the effect of chemotherapy on R-values. Results: The median R-value was significantly higher in the malignant group [0.565 (0.424, 0.735)] compared to the benign group [0.384 (0.270, 0.567)](Z=6.963,P<0.001) and the healthy control group [0.130 (0.095, 0.330)] (Z=4.117,P<0.001). ROC analysis revealed that at the optimal cut-off value of 0.23 (maximizing the Youden's index), the R-value alone for discriminating ovarian cancer (malignant vs. benign+healthy) yielded an AUC of 0.842 (95%CI 0.763-0.921), with a sensitivity of 93.84% and a specificity of 69.44%. The combination of the R-value with CA125 and HE4 improved the diagnostic performance for malignant ovarian tumors, achieving an AUC of 0.948 (95%CI 0.902-0.994), with a sensitivity of 95.95% and a specificity of 82.61%. For diagnosing early-stage ovarian cancer, the combination yielded an AUC of 0.852 (95%CI 0.774-0.930), with 100% sensitivity and 71.88% specificity. Furthermore, the post-chemotherapy R value (0.285±0.233) was significantly lower than the pre-chemotherapy value (0.561±0.121) (t=12.74, P<0.001). Conclusion: PBMC endonuclease activity has potential significance for the auxiliary diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of ovarian cancer. The combination of PBMC endonuclease activity, CA125, and HE4 may facilitate the early detection of malignant ovarian tumors. 目的： 探讨外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）的核酸内切酶活性在卵巢癌辅助诊断和疗效监测中的价值。 方法： 本研究采用横断面研究设计，选取2022年3月至2025年7月间来自复旦大学附属肿瘤医院的女性受试者182名。其中包括恶性组97例，年龄中位数53（45，66）岁；良性组49例，年龄中位数46（34，51）岁；健康对照组36例，年龄中位数47（41，54）岁。利用基于质粒切割和琼脂糖凝胶电泳的方法对入组个体PBMC的核酸内切酶活性进行相对定量检测（活性以底物被切割量占底物总量的比率测算，以R值表示）。同时，检测所有入组个体的血清糖类抗原125（CA125）、人附睾蛋白4（HE4）水平。采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较各组间R值水平的差异。利用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析评价R值单独及联合血清CA125与HE4水平对卵巢癌的诊断效能，计算曲线下面积（AUC）、确定最佳临界值，并计算敏感度和特异度。共有61例恶性组患者完成首次随访，从中简单随机选取31例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者，对其在化疗前后R值变化进行了动态追踪，采用秩和检验分析化疗对R值的影响。 结果： 恶性组的R值中位数［0.565（0.424，0.735）］显著高于良性组［0.384（0.270，0.567）］（Z=6.963，P<0.001）和健康对照组［0.130（0.095，0.330）］（Z=4.117，P<0.001）。ROC分析显示：在约登指数最大时的最佳临界点0.23处，R值单独诊断卵巢癌（恶性组 vs. 良性组+健康组）的AUC为0.842（95%CI 0.763~0.921）、敏感度为93.84%、特异度为69.44%；联合CA125和HE4后用于诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的AUC可提升至0.948（95%CI 0.902~0.994）（敏感度95.95%，特异度82.61%）。R值联合CA125和HE4后用于诊断早期卵巢恶性肿瘤的AUC为0.852（95%CI 0.774~0.930）（敏感度100%，特异度71.88%）。此外，卵巢癌化疗后患者R值均值（0.285±0.233）显著低于化疗前水平（0.561±0.121）（t=12.74，P<0.001）。 结论： PBMC核酸内切酶活性对于卵巢恶性肿瘤的辅助诊断以及疗效评估具有潜在意义，联合PBMC核酸内切酶活性、CA125和HE4检测可能有助于提高卵巢恶性肿瘤早诊率。.
Objective: To automatically estimate children's physiological age from pediatric panoramic radiographs, employing a two-stage approach which involves permanent teeth staging assessment followed by physiological age conversion, as well as an end-to-end approach. Methods: From 3 367 radiographs of children aged 4 to 11 years, collected at Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, between November 2012 and August 2020, 640 images were randomly assigned into training set-1 (392 images), validation set-1 (118 images), and test set-1 (130 images) using Python (version 3.9) scripts. Using manual annotations of Demirjian's stages for 8 left mandibular teeth as gold standard, a YOLOv5-based deep learning model (staging-judgment-model) was trained and validated, whose performance was assessed using metrics including accuracy and weighted Kappa. Using chronological age as ground truth, random forest models (age-machine-models) were developed based on automatic staging of teeth 31-37 or 31-38. The full dataset (3 367 images) was randomly allocated into training set-2 (2 031 images), validation set-2 (673 images), and test set-2 (663 images) to train a ResNet-50-based deep learning model (age-deep-model). An external test set (907 images) from the Clinical Division Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from June 2022 to December 2022 was collected. Performance was assessed using mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (R²). Class activation maps were used to reveal the areas of concern for the age-deep-model. Images with an absolute difference between inferred and actual ages exceeding 3 standard deviations from the mean difference were selected for manual reviews. Results: The staging-judgment-model achieved an overall accuracy of 75.95%, with a linear-weighted Kappa of 0.87 and quadratic-weighted Kappa of 0.95. In the test set-1, the MAE, RMSE and R² of the age-machine-models based on automatic staging of teeth 31-37 were 0.592 years, 0.757 years and 0.879, while ones of the age-machine-models based on automatic staging of teeth 31-38 were 0.594 years, 0.754 years and 0.879. In the test set-2, the MAE, RMSE and R² of the age-deep-model were 0.621 years, 0.800 years and 0.918 respectively. The gradient class activation map revealed that the areas of concern for age-deep-model gradually shifted from the crown of the posterior deciduous teeth to the apical area of the posterior permanent teeth with increasing age. The staging-judgment-model might mistake later teeth development stages for earlier ones, resulting in an underestimated assessment of physiological age by age-machine-models. Similarly, orthodontic appliance images might lead the age-deep-model to generate an underestimated age estimation. Conclusions: This study enabled fully automated physiological age inference via two complementary approaches, demonstrating potential for preliminary screening of children with dental developmental abnormalities. Further optimization is required prior to clinical implementation. 目的： 探索基于曲面体层X线片（以下简称曲面体层片）综合应用两阶段和端到端方法推断儿童生理年龄在临床数据中的真实表现，为算法优化与临床应用提供依据。 方法： 从北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院儿童口腔科2012年11月至2020年8月间拍摄的符合标准的3 367张曲面体层片中抽取640张图像，使用Python（3.9版本）编写程序随机分配为训练集-1（392张图像）、验证集-1（118张图像）和测试集-1（130张图像）。以医师标注的左下象限8颗恒牙的Demirjian分期为金标准构建以YOLOv5为骨干网络的深度学习模型（以下简称分期判断模型），计算分期判断模型的准确率和加权Kappa值，以实际年龄为标准构建基于牙位分期结果换算生理年龄的随机森林模型（以下简称年龄-机器模型）。将全部3 367张图像使用Python（3.9版本）编写程序随机分配为训练集-2（2 031张图像）、验证集-2（673张图像）和测试集-2（663张图像），以实际年龄为标准构建以ResNet-50为骨干网络的深度学习模型（以下简称年龄-深度模型）。收集北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院第一门诊部2022年6月至2022年12月拍摄的全部4~11岁儿童曲面体层片作为外部测试集（907张图像）。计算年龄-机器模型在测试集-1中、年龄-深度模型在测试集-2中的平均绝对误差（MAE）、均方根误差（RMSE）、决定系数（R²）评价年龄推断的准确性。在测试集-2中使用类激活热力图探索年龄推断深度模型所关注的图像区域。在外部测试集中筛选推断年龄与实际年龄差值的绝对值超过差值均值3倍标准差的图像进行人工审阅。 结果： 分期判断模型整体准确率为75.95%，线性加权Kappa值为0.87，二次加权Kappa值为0.95。在测试集-1中，基于31—37牙位的年龄-机器模型MAE为0.592岁，RMSE为0.757岁，R²为0.879；基于31—38牙位的年龄-机器模型MAE为0.594岁，RMSE为0.754岁，R²为0.879。在测试集-2中，年龄-深度模型MAE为0.621岁，RMSE为0.800岁，R²为0.918。年龄-深度模型的关注区域随着年龄增加从乳牙后牙的冠部逐渐向恒牙后牙的根尖区域转移。分期-判断模型偏向牙齿发育早期可导致年龄-机器模型推断年龄偏低，存在矫治器影像可导致年龄-深度模型推断年龄偏低。 结论： 本研究基于机器学习和深度学习技术实现了儿童生理年龄的全自动推断，能初步筛选出牙齿发育状况异常的儿童，但实际应用前仍需进一步优化。.
To further standardize the clinical use of integrated PET/MRI brain imaging for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China, improve early identification and precision diagnosis and management of AD, promote standardized care, and provide evidence-based and consensus recommendations for clinicians and imaging professionals, experts in nuclear medicine, radiology, neurology, and related fields developed this guideline through a consensus process informed by the available research evidence and clinical practice. AD is one of the most common forms of dementia in older adults, with an insidious course; early diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Integrated PET/MRI enables the simultaneous, one-stop acquisition of multidimensional information-including cerebral amyloid burden, brain metabolism, and high-resolution anatomical detail-and can be used for early diagnosis, clinical staging, assessment of disease progression, and clinical trial research, making it an important imaging tool for precision care in AD. As integrated PET/MRI systems become increasingly available in China, broader clinical implementation continues to face challenges, including appropriate patient selection and indications, standardization of scanning workflows, image quality control, consistency in image interpretation, and reporting standards. With a focus on clinical feasibility, this guideline provides recommendations across key domains-indications, examination and quality-control procedures, image interpretation, and standardized reporting-with the aim of promoting the standardized use of integrated PET/MRI in AD care and advancing research and translation of relevant imaging biomarkers. 为进一步规范我国阿尔茨海默病（AD）一体化PET/MRI脑成像的临床应用，提高AD的早期识别与精准诊疗水平、促进规范化管理并为影像相关专业人员与临床医师提供循证与共识建议，由中国医学影像技术研究会、中华医学会放射学分会、中华医学会核医学分会、北京医学会核医学分会、北京医学会放射学分会联合组织，集结核医学科、放射科、神经内科等多学科专家，经多轮共识会议制订了本指南。AD是最常见的老年痴呆类型之一，病程进展隐匿，早期诊断与干预对改善患者结局具有重要意义。一体化PET/MRI显像可在同一检查中同步获取病理蛋白、脑代谢以及精细解剖结构等多维信息，可用于AD的早期诊断、临床分期、疾病进展评估与临床试验研究，是AD精准诊疗的重要影像手段。随着一体化PET/MRI设备在我国逐步普及，其临床推广仍面临适应证选择、检查流程统一、图像质量控制、影像判读一致性及报告规范等问题。本指南以我国现有一体化PET/MRI设备与显像剂的可及性为前提，以国内外最新循证证据为依据，紧密结合中国临床实践现状，围绕适应证建议、检查与质控流程、图像判读要点及报告规范等关键环节提出推荐意见，旨在为AD相关影像与临床专业人员提供系统、实用的循证指导。.
Objective: To analyze the current global development status and research hotspots of dental trauma-related studies, to provide references for future research in this field in China. Methods: Literature related to dental trauma, published from the inception of the Web of Science Core Collection up to December 27, 2025, was retrieved. Visualization analysis was conducted using Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Excel. Results: A total of 2 639 publications were included. The annual publication output showed an overall increasing trend with fluctuations. Levin L was the most prolific author, the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais was the leading institution, and Brazil was the most productive country/region. Andreasen JO was the most frequently co-cited author, Dental Traumatology was the most frequently co-cited journal, and the reference by Petti et al (2018) was the most frequently co-cited. The top five high-frequency keywords were: "dental trauma, " "teeth, " "traumatic dental injury, " "injury, " and "children." The top five keywords with the highest centrality were: "children, " "dental trauma, " "adolescents, " "tooth avulsion, " and "emergency management." The log-likelihood ratio (LLR) algorithm identified 15 keyword clusters, with "pediatric dentistry" emerging as a burst keyword in 2023. Conclusions: Current global research on dental trauma shows a diversified development trend. In the future, China can further deepen its research in areas such as regenerative medicine, the clinical application of novel biomaterials, precision diagnosis and treatment, multidisciplinary management models, long-term prognosis evaluation, and intelligent assisted diagnosis and treatment. 目的： 分析牙外伤相关研究的全球发展现状及研究热点，为我国牙外伤领域的相关研究提供借鉴。 方法： 检索Web of Science数据库核心合集建库至2025年12月27日发表的牙外伤相关文献，运用Bibliometrix、VOSviewer、CiteSpace、Excel等软件进行可视化分析。 结果： 共纳入牙外伤相关文献2 639篇文献。发文量整体呈现波动上升趋势；Levin L是发文量最多的作者，纳斯吉拉斯联邦大学是发文量最多的机构，巴西是发文量最多的国家/地区；Andreasen JO是共被引频次最多的作者，Dental Traumatology是共被引频次最多的期刊，Petti S（2018）是共被引频次最多的参考文献；排名前5的高频关键词依次为牙外伤、牙齿、创伤性牙外伤、损伤和儿童，排名前5的高中介中心性关键词依次为儿童、牙外伤、青少年、牙撕脱性损伤和急诊管理，关键词应用对数极大似然率算法得到15个聚类，2023年突现了关键词儿童牙科。 结论： 目前，全球学者关于牙外伤的相关研究呈现多元发展趋势，未来我国可在再生医学、新型生物材料的临床应用、精细化诊疗、多学科诊疗模式、长期预后评估及智能化辅助诊疗等方面进一步深化研究。.
This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological and etiological molecular characteristics of an outbreak of cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139, so as to provide a reference for the handling of cholera outbreaks. Case-by-case investigation and epidemiological analysis of the outbreak were carried out. Feces or anal swabs of the exposed population and specimens from the suspected links related to the epidemic were collected for isolation, culture, nucleic acid detection, and drug resistance analysis of Vibrio cholerae. The isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing using a next-generation sequencing platform. The sequencing data were used to predict virulence genes and drug resistance genes. The core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and core genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) were analyzed by comparing with the genomic sequences of local Vibrio cholerae isolates and those of Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 downloaded from NCBI. Epidemiological investigation showed that this cholera outbreak was highly associated with a local wedding banquet. The outbreak was caused by Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 (ctxAB+) strain. There were 11 infected individuals, including 2 cases and 9 carriers. The drug resistance phenotype of the isolates showed resistance to tetracycline, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, polymyxin E, and azithromycin, intermediate resistance to chloramphenicol, and sensitivity to other drugs. Gene prediction of the 11 isolates showed that they all carried important virulence factors such as ctxA, ctxB, tcpA, zot, ace, msh, rtx, and hlyA, as well as drug resistance genes against fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, β-lactams, macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. The MLST typing was ST69. Both cgMLST and cgSNP analyses showed that the isolates from this outbreak formed an independent genetic branch and had no genetic relationship with local Vibrio cholerae isolates. Based on the above, this outbreak was caused by Vibrio cholerae O139 serogroup of sequence type 69 (ST69), carrying complete core virulence factors (ctxAB+, tcpA+, etc.), and showed strong epidemiological association with the wedding banquet (particularly soft-shelled turtle consumption). Genomic analysis revealed it formed an independent clonal cluster unrelated to local historical strains. Most infections manifested as asymptomatic carriage, posing substantial risks for secondary transmission. The high carrier ratio underscores the importance of enhanced surveillance. This study recommends strengthening regulatory monitoring of aquatic foods (particularly high-risk items like soft-shelled turtles) and improving hygiene management of banquet gatherings in both urban and rural areas, implementing multi-source interventions to curb cholera outbreaks. 分析1起O139血清群霍乱疫情流行病学及病原学分子特征，为霍乱疫情处置提供参考。开展疫情个案调查与流行病学分析，采集暴露人群粪便或肛拭子及涉疫可疑环节样本，进行霍乱弧菌分离培养、核酸检测及耐药分析；分离株运用二代测序平台进行全基因组测序，预测毒力基因与耐药基因，与马鞍山市霍乱弧菌分离株及NCBI下载O139群霍乱弧菌基因组序列分析核心基因组多位点序列（cgMLST）及核心基因组单核苷酸多态性（cgSNP）。流行病学调查显示这起霍乱疫情与当地婚宴聚餐高度关联，疫情是由O139群霍乱弧菌（ctxAB+）株引起，共有11名感染者，其中病例2名，带菌者9名；分离株耐药表型显示四环素、萘啶酸、链霉素、多黏菌素E、阿奇霉素耐药，氯霉素中介，其余药物均为敏感；基因预测结果显示，11株分离株均携带ctxA、ctxB、tcpA、zot、ace、msh、rtx、hlyA等重要的毒力因子，以及携带氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、β-内酰胺类、大环内酯、磺胺类、四环素类等耐药基因；MLST分型为ST69型，cgMLST与cgSNP分析均显示本次疫情分离株为独立遗传分支，与本地霍乱弧菌分离株无亲缘关联。综上所述，本次疫情是由ST69型、携带完整核心毒力因子（ctxAB+，tcpA+等）的O139群霍乱弧菌引起，与婚宴（尤其甲鱼）高度相关；基因组分析显示为独立克隆群，与本地既往菌株无关，但与国内外流行株（北京株、印度株）亲缘较近。感染者以隐性感染带菌为主，易造成次代传播风险，高比例带菌者凸显监测重要性；应重点加强水产食品（尤其甲鱼等高风险食品）的监管监测及城乡宴席聚餐的卫生管理，多源头遏制霍乱疫情的发生。.
The rapid advancement of precision medicine is shifting the clinical diagnosis of allergic airway diseases away from traditional models that rely solely on symptoms and phenotypes, and toward individualized, precision-based diagnoses that are molecularly driven. This review describes the role of established biomarker systems, such as eosinophil count, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and specific immunoglobulin E, in inflammatory endotyping and targeted therapy. Furthermore, the integration of multi-omics technologies and artificial intelligence algorithms facilitates the elucidation of disease heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms, thereby advancing precision stratification. The proposal of this article is an integrated precision diagnostic framework combining multi-dimensional data integration, dynamic monitoring, and intelligent analysis. By establishing a systematic biomarker evaluation pathway, this framework aims to promote the application of real-time monitoring technologies and AI-assisted decision-making, thereby providing a reference for the optimization and evolution of next-generation precision diagnostic systems. 精准医学的快速发展正推动气道过敏性疾病的临床诊断从单纯依赖症状和表型的传统诊断模式，向基于分子内型的个体化精准诊断转变。本文阐述了以嗜酸性粒细胞计数、呼出气一氧化氮、特异性免疫球蛋白E为代表的成熟生物标志物体系在疾病炎症内型分型与靶向治疗中的指导作用，同时多组学技术与人工智能（AI）算法的整合，促进了解析疾病的异质性和分子机制，推动了疾病精准分层。本文提出了一种融合多维数据整合、动态监测和智能分析的整合式精准诊断框架，旨在通过构建系统化的生物标志物评估路径，推动实时监测技术、AI辅助决策的应用，为下一代精准诊断体系的优化与发展提供参考。.
The past decade has been a critical period for Oral Emergency Medicine in China, marked by a transition from decentralized practice to systematic development and from experience-based care to guideline-oriented approaches. With the establishment of the Society of Oral Emergency Committee of Chinese Stomatological Association in 2016 as a milestone, the discipline oral emergency medicine has achieved remarkable progress in academic development, clinical services, personnel training, and scientific research. These achievements include the establishment of a discipline connotation tailored to Chinese specific conditions, continuous improvement in diagnostic and therapeutic standards and service accessibility, steady advancement in standardization, the initial formation of a professional workforce, and a significant increase in international influence. Meanwhile, the discipline still faces challenges, including an underdeveloped theoretical framework, imbalanced regional resource allocation, a shortage of specialized professionals, and imperfect multidisciplinary collaboration mechanisms. Drawing on international practices related to oral emergencies and the development experience of emergency medicine in China, this article proposes future goals for discipline construction: establishing a clear disciplinary status, building a systematic theoretical framework, improving the clinical service chain, strengthening the personnel training mechanism, and building scientific research platforms. These efforts aim to advance oral emergency medicine in China from initial establishment to mature development, providing robust support for the"Healthy China"strategy. 过去10年是中国口腔急诊医学从分散实践到系统发展、从经验主导到规范引领的关键时期。以2016年中华口腔医学会口腔急诊专业委员会成立为里程碑，我国口腔急诊医学在学科建设、临床服务、人才培养及科学研究等领域取得显著成就，确立了符合国情的学科内涵，诊疗水平与服务可及性持续提升，规范化建设稳步推进，人才队伍初具规模，国际影响力显著增强。同时，学科发展仍面临理论体系尚未形成、区域资源配置不均衡、专业人才储备不足、多学科协同机制不完善等挑战。本文借鉴国际口腔急诊相关实践及国内急诊医学发展经验，提出未来学科建设目标：明确学科定位、构建系统理论体系、完善临床服务链条、健全人才培养机制、搭建科研创新平台，以推动中国口腔急诊医学从初步形成走向成熟发展，为“健康中国”战略提供有力支撑。.
Objective: To analyze the incidence of pertussis and the carriage and distribution characteristics of Bordetella pertussis (BP) among healthy individuals in certain regions of Xinjiang during 2023-2024, providing scientific evidence for the prevention and control of pertussis. Methods: Patients' information in Urumqi, Karamay and Ili governorates from 2023 to 2024 was collected in the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the incidence of pertussis was analyzed. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1-2 districts (counties) as survey points in each of the above regions from June to July 2023 and October to November 2024. Nasopharyngeal swabs from healthy individuals were collected, and their BP-carrying status was analyzed through on-site vaccination, bacterial culture, and polymerase chain reaction experiments. Results: From 2023 to 2024, Karamay had a high incidence of pertussis, with a rate of 140.53/100 000. The incidence rate of pertussis declined with age (χ2=4 327.14, P<0.001), with the highest incidence rate in the 0-4 year age group (269.02/100 000) and the lowest in the ≥20-year age group (3.37/100 000). A total of 971 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from healthy individuals, with a BP carrier positivity rate of 1.54% (15/971). The BP carrier positivity rate was higher in the ≥20-year age group, at 2.42% (4/165). Conclusion: Confirmed cases of pertussis in some areas of Xinjiang in 2023-2024 are highly prevalent in the 0-4 year age group, with a higher positive rate of BP carriers among healthy individuals aged ≥20, suggesting that adults may be a hidden source of pertussis transmission. Attention should be paid to the management of pertussis in children, while strengthening monitoring of adults. 目的： 分析新疆部分地区2023—2024年百日咳发病情况和健康人群中百日咳鲍特杆菌（BP）的携带状况，为百日咳防控提供参考。 方法： 在中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2023—2024年乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市和伊犁州百日咳患者信息，分析百日咳发病情况。采用多阶段抽样法，于2023年6至7月和2024年10至11月，在以上地区各选取1~2个区（县）作为调查点，采集健康人群的鼻咽拭子，通过现场接种、细菌培养和聚合酶链反应实验检测，分析健康人群BP携带状况。 结果： 2023—2024年克拉玛依市百日咳发病率较高，为140.53/10万；百日咳发病率随年龄增长呈下降趋势（χ²=4 327.14，P<0.001），0~4岁组发病率最高（269.02/10万），≥20岁组最低（3.37/10万）。采集到健康人群鼻咽拭子标本971份，BP携带阳性率为1.54%（15/971），≥20岁成人组的BP携带阳性率较高为2.42%（4/165）。 结论： 2023—2024年新疆部分地区百日咳确诊病例以0~4岁年龄组为高发，≥20岁组健康人群BP携带阳性率较高，提示成人可能是百日咳传播的隐匿传染源，应关注百日咳儿童患者的管理，同时加强对成人的监测。.
In 2023, a total of 853 throat swab specimens were collected from healthy individuals across four counties/districts in Qinghai Province to isolate Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) and analyze its carriage rate and serogroup distribution. Among the 853 specimens, 45 were positive for Nm, yielding an overall carriage rate of 5.28%. The serogroup distribution included 27 strains of serogroup B (60.00%), 11 strains of serogroup C (24.44%), 3 strains of serogroup Y (6.67%), 2 strains of serogroup W (4.44%), and 2 non-groupable strains (4.44%). The carriage rates varied geographically, ranging from 1.87% to 12.04%, with the highest rate observed in Xunhua County (12.04%) and the lowest in Datong County (1.87%). Across different age groups, carriage rates ranged from 2.46% to 14.17%, with the highest rate (14.17%) in the 15-19 years age group and the lowest (2.46%) in the<1 year age group. The carriage rate was higher in males (7.14%) than in females (3.58%), and higher in individuals without a vaccination history (7.93%) compared to those with a vaccination history (3.62%). These differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). 2023年在青海4个县/区采集853份健康人群咽拭子标本，进行脑膜炎奈瑟菌（Nm）分离培养，并分析健康人群Nm携带率与菌群分布情况。853份标本中，共检出脑膜炎奈瑟菌45份，总携带率为5.28%；其中B 群27株（60.00%）、C 群11株（24.44%）、Y 群3株（6.67%）、W群2株（4.44%）、不可分群2株（4.44%）。不同地区健康人群Nm携带率为1.87%~12.04%，循化县Nm携带率较高12.04%，大通县较低1.87%。不同年龄组健康人群Nm携带率为2.46%~14.17%，15~19岁组携带率（14.17%）较高，<1岁组（2.46%）较低。男性Nm携带率（7.14%）高于女性（3.58%），无免疫史组Nm携带率（7.93%）高于有免疫史组（3.62%），差异均具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。.
Objective: To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism by which taurocholic acid (TCA) promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) through regulation of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Methods: A total of 20 CRLM patients and 20 non-metastatic colorectal cancer (non-mCRC) patients admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from 2021 to 2022 were retrospectively included. The age of the CRLM patients was (57±12) years, including 11 males and 9 females; the age of the non-mCRC patients was (60±9) years, including 15 males and 5 females. Non-targeted metabolomics was employed to identify differential serum metabolites associated with liver metastasis, and the distinguish efficacy of TCA was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Neutrophils from healthy donors were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The differentiated HL-60 (dHL-60) model was established by inducing the acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 to differentiate into neutrophil-like cells with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). The expression characteristics of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 (CD66b) and integrin subunit alpha M (CD11b) were detected by flow cytometry. The cell morphology and the proportion of live cells were assessed respectively by wright-giemsa staining and trypan blue staining. In neutrophils and dHL-60 models, cells were divided into a negative control group, a phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 0.5 μmol/L) positive control group and different concentrations of TCA treatment groups (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L). The formation of the NET reticular structure after stimulation was observed by Sytox Green staining, and the content of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ds-DNA) released after stimulation was quantitatively evaluated by PicoGreen. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44/42 MAPK) and its phosphorylated form (p-p44/42 MAPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its phosphorylated form (p-mTOR), and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) in dHL-60 following stimulation. NET induced by TCA were divided into a control group, a low-dose NET group (0.1 μg/ml) and a high-dose NET group (0.3 μg/ml) according to dose, and co-cultured respectively with colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines DLD1 and HCT116. Transwell assay was used to analyze the effect of TCA-induced NET on the migration behavior of CRC cells. The expression levels of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), neural cadherin (N-cadherin), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were detected by Western blotting in CRC cells after co-culture. Comparisons of measurement data between groups were performed using the independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and one-way ANOVA. Comparisons of enumeration data between groups were performed using the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Results: The relative abundance of 64 metabolites, including TCA [M (Q1, Q3)] [4.445 (1.669, 9.579) vs 0.956 (0.649, 1.372), P<0.01], in the serum metabolic profile of CRLM patients was higher than that of non-mCRC patients (all P<0.05), while the relative abundance of 27 metabolites was lower than that of non-mCRC patients (all P<0.05). In the ROC analysis distinguishing the 2 sample groups, TCA achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.873 (95%CI: 0.741-0.984). In cell identification, both peripheral blood neutrophils and dHL-60 models displayed typical neutrophil morphology: nuclear lobulation and cytoplasm rich in fine neutral granules; the positive rates of CD66b/CD11b were>90%, and the cell viability was>90%. In vitro stimulation of peripheral blood neutrophils for 1 h or 3 h, when the TCA stimulation concentration was greater than 0.01 μmol/L, the formation of NET was more than that of the negative control group (all P<0.05). After intervention of dHL-60 for 4 h and 6 h, when the TCA stimulation concentration was greater than 0.1 μmol/L, the NET reticular structure was more than that of the negative control (all P<0.05). When the TCA stimulation concentration was greater than 10 μmol/L, the ds-DNA release was higher than that of the negative control group (P<0.001). The expression levels of p44/42 MAPK, p-p44/42 MAPK, mTOR, p-mTOR, and PAD4 in the TCA treatment group were higher than those in the negative control group (P<0.001). In co-culture experiments of NET and CRC cells, after high-dose NET treatment of DLD1 cells, the expression of E-cadherin was lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). After high and low-dose NET treatment of HCT116 cells, the expression of E-cadherin was lower than that of the control group (both P<0.001). In both CRC cell lines, after high and low-doses of NET intervention, the expression of N-cadherin and VEGFA was higher than that of the control group (all P<0.001), and their migration and invasion abilities were higher than those of the control group (all P<0.001). Conclusions: CRLM patients exhibit distinct serum metabolic profiles, among which high-abundance TCA can induce NET release and thereby promote CRC cell metastasis. This process is associated with the activation of the p44/42 MAPK/mTOR signaling pathways in neutrophils and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in CRC cells. 目的： 探讨牛磺胆酸（TCA）调控中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（NET）的形成，从而促进结直肠癌肝转移（CRLM）的作用及相关机制。 方法： 回顾性纳入2021至2022年间山东大学齐鲁医院收治的CRLM患者20例，年龄（57±12）岁，男11例，女9例；结直肠癌未转移（non-mCRC）患者20例，年龄（60±9）岁，男15例，女5例。采用非靶向代谢组测序技术筛选肝转移差异血清代谢物，并通过受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析评估差异代谢物TCA的区分效能。采用密度梯度离心法分离健康供者外周血中性粒细胞，构建以全反式维甲酸（ATRA）诱导急性早幼粒细胞白血病细胞系HL-60向类中性粒细胞分化的分化型HL-60（dHL-60）模型，流式细胞术检测癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子8（CD66b）与整合蛋白亚基αM（CD11b）的表达特征，瑞氏-吉姆萨染色和台盼蓝染色分别评估细胞形态及活细胞比例。在外周血中性粒细胞和dHL-60模型中，将细胞分为阴性对照组、佛波醇12-十四酸酯13-乙酸酯（PMA）（0.5 μmol/L）阳性对照组及不同浓度TCA处理组（0.01、0.1、1、10和100 μmol/L），SytoxGreen染色法观察刺激后NET的网状结构形成情况，PicoGreen定量法评估刺激后释放的双链脱氧核糖核酸（ds-DNA）含量，Western印迹法检测刺激后dHL-60中p44/42丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p44/42 MAPK）及其磷酸化形式（p-p44/42 MAPK）、雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）及其磷酸化形式（p-mTOR）和肽基精氨酸脱亚氨酶4（PAD4）的表达。将TCA诱导的NET按剂量分为对照组、低剂量NET组（0.1 μg/ml）和高剂量NET组（0.3 μg/ml），分别与结直肠癌（CRC）细胞系DLD1和HCT116共培养，Transwell实验分析TCA诱导的NET对CRC细胞迁移侵袭行为的影响，Western印迹法检测共培养后CRC细胞中上皮型钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）、神经型钙黏蛋白（N-cadherin）及血管内皮生长因子A（VEGFA）的表达变化。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验及单因素方差分析，计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验法。 结果： CRLM患者血清代谢谱中TCA［M（Q1，Q3）］［4.445（1.669，9.579）比0.956（0.649，1.372），P<0.01］等64种代谢物相对丰度高于non-mCRC患者（均P<0.05），27种代谢物相对丰度低于non-mCRC患者（均P<0.05），且TCA在区分两类样本的ROC曲线中，曲线下面积（AUC）为0.873（95%CI：0.741~0.984）。在细胞鉴定中，外周血中性粒细胞和dHL-60模型均呈典型中性粒细胞形态：核分叶、胞浆富含细小中性颗粒；CD66b/CD11b阳性率均>90%，细胞活力均>90%。在体外刺激外周血中性粒细胞孵育1 h和3 h后，当TCA刺激浓度≥0.01 μmol/L时，NET形成多于阴性对照组（均P<0.05）；dHL-60经干预4 h和6 h后，当TCA刺激浓度≥0.1 μmol/L时，NET网状结构多于阴性对照组（均P<0.05）。在TCA刺激浓度≥10 μmol/L时，ds-DNA含量高于阴性对照组（P<0.001）。TCA处理组p44/42 MAPK、p-p44/42 MAPK、mTOR、p-mTOR和PAD4表达水平高于阴性对照组（P<0.001）。在NET与结直肠癌细胞共培养实验中，DLD1细胞经高剂量NET处理后，E-cadherin表达低于对照组（P<0.001），HCT116细胞经高、低剂量NET处理后，E-cadherin表达低于对照组（均P<0.001）。两种CRC细胞系在接受高、低剂量NET干预后，N-cadherin与VEGFA的表达均高于对照组（均P<0.001），且迁移与侵袭能力高于对照组（均P<0.001）。 结论： CRLM患者具有特征性血清代谢谱，其中高丰度的TCA可诱导NET形成并以此促进CRC细胞转移，该过程与中性粒细胞p44/42 MAPK/mTOR信号通路的激活及肿瘤上皮-间质转化相关。.
Dental caries is a chronic and progressive destruction of dental hard tissue under the combined action of multiple factors, with the pits and fissures on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth being the most susceptible sites. During tooth development, fissure morphology is regulated by the enamel knot. The depth, width, and shape of fissures directly influence plaque retention and cleaning difficulty, thereby determining caries susceptibility. Deep and narrow fissures, which are difficult to clean, pose a higher risk of caries. Pit and fissure caries begin with enamel demineralization caused by acid production from biofilm metabolism, with the lesion progressing along the direction of the enamel rods. The susceptibility of caries is positively correlated with the depth of pits and fissures. In addition to traditional diagnostic methods, new technologies such as quantitative light-induced fluorescence, DIAGNOdent and optical coherence tomography are also employed to assist in the early diagnosis of caries. Comprehensive prevention strategies, including fluoride application, minimally invasive restorations, pit and fissure sealants, and artificial intelligence-assisted management, collectively form a prevention and control system for pit and fissure caries. This article systematically elaborates on the relationship between fissure development, morphological characteristics, and caries occurrence, and reviews advances in diagnostic and preventive technologies, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical direction for the precise prevention and early intervention of pit and fissure caries. 龋病是牙体硬组织在多因素共同作用下发生的慢性、进行性破坏，后牙(牙合)面窝沟点隙是其好发部位。在牙发育过程中，窝沟形态由釉结调控，其深度、宽度及开口形状直接影响菌斑滞留与清洁难度。深而窄的窝沟因难以清洁而具有更高的患龋风险。窝沟龋始于生物膜代谢产酸导致的牙釉质脱矿，病变沿釉柱方向进展。牙齿对龋病的敏感性与窝沟深度呈正相关。除视诊、探诊方法外，定量光诱导荧光、激光荧光及光学相干断层扫描等新技术可协助早期龋病诊断。氟化物应用、窝沟封闭、微创修复及人工智能辅助口腔管理的综合防治策略，共同构成窝沟龋防控体系。本文系统阐述了牙齿窝沟的发育机制、形态特征与龋病发生的关联，并对窝沟龋诊断与防治技术的研究进展进行综述，旨在为窝沟龋的精准预防与早期干预提供理论依据与实践方向。.
A novel full-contour monolithic zirconia restoration is fabricated through a fully digital workflow combined with three-dimensional (3D) gel deposition technique. Compared with conventional subtractive manufacturing, this approach enables the controlled and uniform deposition of nano-zirconia particles during forming, effectively minimizing packing defects. The wet-forming process also avoids machining defects that may occur during the milling of pre-sintered zirconia, thereby improving the internal homogeneity, density, and translucency of the restorations. Furthermore, nanoporous bonding surfaces can be performed by sol-gel coating technologies and significantly enhance adhesion properties. In recent years, this innovative material and fabrication method has attracted increasing attention from researchers worldwide, with numerous in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating its performance. Owing to its superior strength, aesthetics, accuracy, low antagonist wear, and reliable bonding, its clinical applications have been steadily expanding. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the performance and clinical applications of 3D gel deposition zirconia restorations, identify existing gaps in research and practice, and provide a theoretical basis for their further optimization and clinical application. 数字化胶态沉积氧化锆修复体是一种采用完全数字化流程和新型三维胶态沉积技术制备的整体式氧化锆口腔修复体。与传统切削工艺相比，新型三维胶态沉积技术可实现纳米氧化锆颗粒在修复体成形过程中的可控、均匀堆积，有效减少材料堆积缺陷；湿法工艺可进一步避免切削预烧结氧化锆产生的加工缺陷，从而改善修复体的结构均匀性、致密性及透光性。此外，结合溶胶-凝胶涂层工艺，数字化胶态沉积氧化锆修复体可获得预制的纳米多孔表面，进而提高粘接性能。近年，这种新型氧化锆修复体及其制造工艺受到国内外学者广泛关注，其性能通过大量体内外实验进行了评价。数字化胶态沉积氧化锆修复体表现出高强度、高精度、低磨耗以及良好的美学效果和可靠的粘接性能，使其临床应用日益广泛。本文旨在综述数字化胶态沉积氧化锆修复体的性能研究进展及其临床应用现状，分析研究与实践中存在的不足与空白，为数字化胶态沉积氧化锆修复体的进一步临床应用提供依据。.
Objective: To systematically summarize and evaluate the current application status and research progress of artificial intelligence (AI) in cervical cancer screening in China. Methods: Literature related to the application of AI in cervical cancer screening in China was searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, IEEE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database using the keywords"cervical cancer","artificial intelligence","screening","machine learning","deep learning","neural network","uterine cervical neoplasms,"uterine cervical tumor","diagnosis", and"China". The search was limited to studies published in Chinese and English. As of July 2025, a total of 35 eligible articles were included. Basic information from the included studies was extracted and summarized. In addition, the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) official website was searched using the term"cervix"to identify approved AI-assisted cervical cancer screening products. Results: A total of 21 AI-assisted cervical cancer screening technologies were identified, including 17 technologies for primary screening, mainly AI-assisted cytology, and 4 technologies for colposcopic diagnosis. For AI-assisted cytology, the sensitivity ranged from 67.5% to 100.0% and the specificity ranged from 9.9% to 99.8% in hospital-based populations, with the overall accuracy of some technologies exceeding 90%. In community-based screening populations, the sensitivity ranged from 83.0% to 100.0% and the specificity ranged from 74.2% to 99.9%. Most studies suggested that AI could improve the diagnostic performance of pathologists to some extent, shorten the average slide-reading time, and enhance overall screening efficiency. A total of 24 AI-assisted cervical cancer screening products have been approved by the NMPA, all of which are AI-assisted cytology technologies, and corresponding studies were identified for 8 of these products. For AI-assisted colposcopic diagnosis used as a standalone screening modality, the sensitivity and specificity for identifying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) or worse ranged from 43.6% to 95.5% and from 51.8% to 93.9%, respectively; for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) or worse, the sensitivity ranged from 35.1% to 97.5% and the specificity ranged from 56.6% to 87.2%. In the physician-assisting mode, the sensitivity increased to 95.1%-97.5%, with improvements in interobserver consistency and diagnostic accuracy among less experienced colposcopists. Conclusions: AI has shown promising potential in cervical cancer screening in China. However, more scientific evidence is needed to determine whether it can be effectively integrated into the existing cervical cancer prevention and control system in China. 目的： 系统总结和评价人工智能（AI）技术在我国宫颈癌筛查中的应用现状与研究进展。 方法： 以“宫颈癌”“人工智能”“筛查”以及“artificial intelligence”“machine learning”“deep learning”“neural network”“cervical cancer”“uterine cervical neoplasms”“uterine cervical tumor”“screening”“diagnosis”“China”为关键词，检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane、IEEE、中国知网和万方数据库中关于AI技术应用于宫颈癌筛查的文献，语种限定为中文和英文。截至2025年7月，共纳入35篇有效文献，对纳入文献的基本信息进行摘录和整理分析。在国家药品监督管理局（NMPA）官方网站以“宫颈”为检索词，检查AI辅助宫颈癌筛查产品获批情况。 结果： 共涉及21项AI辅助宫颈癌筛查技术，其中AI辅助宫颈癌初筛技术17项，以AI辅助细胞学检查技术为主；AI辅助阴道镜诊断技术4项。AI辅助细胞学检查技术在医院就诊人群中的灵敏度为67.5%~100.0%，特异度为9.9%~99.8%，部分技术总体准确率超过90%；在社区筛查人群中的灵敏度为83.0%~100.0%，特异度为74.2%~99.9%。研究普遍表明，AI可在一定程度上提升病理医师的判读效能，有效缩短平均阅片时间，提升整体筛查效率。NMPA目前共批准24款AI辅助宫颈癌筛查产品，均为AI辅助细胞学检查技术，其中有8款检索到对应研究。AI辅助阴道镜诊断技术在独立筛查模式下识别宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅱ级（CIN2）及以上病变的灵敏度为43.6%~95.5%，特异度为51.8%~93.9%；识别宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ级（CIN3）及以上的灵敏度为35.1%~97.5%，特异度为56.6%~87.2%。在辅助医师模式下，灵敏度提升至95.1%~97.5%，可改善低年资阴道镜医师的判读一致性和准确率。 结论： AI在我国宫颈癌筛查中展现出一定潜力，但其能否嵌入我国现有宫颈癌防控体系仍需更多科学证据。.
Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a common type of interstitial lung disease with known etiology. ILD caused by different CTDs presents their own unique development characteristics and prognosis. Its diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation have always been difficult problems faced by clinicians. In recent years, the rapid development of machine learning (ML) technology in the medical field has brought new opportunities and challenges to the research of CTD-ILD. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of ML in CTD-ILD, aiming to promote precision medicine and early intervention, thereby delaying disease progression and improving patient prognosis. 结缔组织病相关间质性肺病（CTD-ILD）是已知病因的ILD中较常见的类型，不同CTD引起的ILD呈现各自独特的发展特点与转归，其诊断、治疗和预后评估一直是临床医生面临的难点问题。近年来，机器学习（machine learning，ML）技术在医学领域的发展迅速，为CTD-ILD的研究带来了新的机遇和挑战。本文主要阐述ML在CTD-ILD中的研究进展，旨在推动精准医疗，早期干预，从而延缓疾病进展并改善患者预后。.
This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) patients in Shaanxi Province from 2018 to 2024. A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data on 3 335 cases of RR-TB patients registered from 2018 to 2024 in Shaanxi Province, China, from the tuberculosis sub-system of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software. ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to build the spatial distribution map of the annual reported incidence rate of RR-TB at the county (district, city) level, and construct the global spatial self-correlation and hotspot analysis on the data of RR-TB patients in Shaanxi Province, so as to explore the spatial aggregation of the disease. The results showed that there were significant differences in the reported incidence of RR-TB patients in Shaanxi Province among the years (χ2=177.04, P<0.001). The proportion of treatment-naive patients (71.33%) was higher than that of retreatment patients (28.67%, χ2=607.18, P<0.001). The spatial distribution showed that there were high incidence areas and spatial aggregation characteristics of RR-PTB patients in Shaanxi Province from 2018 to 2024. Spatial self-correlation analysis showed that the spatial clustering of RR-TB reported incidence in 2018, 2022, and 2024 was significant (P<0.05). The average annual reported incidence local hotspot analysis showed that there were 9 hotspot areas, including 7 positive hotspot areas of Hanbin County, Pingli County, Ziyang County, Langao County, Xunyang City, Zhenping County District of Ankang City, and Zhenba County of Hanzhong City, and 2 negative hotspot areas of Zhouzhi County and Yangling District of Xi'an City. The analysis of the local hotspot year by year showed that the positive hotspot area increased from 7 in 2018 to 11 in 2022, and the agglomeration range showed an expanding trend year by year, mainly concentrated in some counties of Hanzhong City and Ankang City, while the negative hotspot area had no obvious concentration trend. In summary, the incidence of RR-TB in Shaanxi Province shows obvious spatial aggregation and regional distribution differences. The areas with higher incidence are mainly concentrated in southern Shaanxi, and the range of the positive hotspot area shows an expanding trend year by year. 分析2018—2024年陕西省利福平耐药肺结核（RR-TB）患者的空间分布特征。采用横断面研究，从中国疾病预防控制信息系统结核病子系统监测报告管理的耐药病案中，收集陕西省2018—2024年登记的3 335例RR-TB患者，应用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计学分析，利用ArcGIS 10.8软件，以县（区、市）为单位构建RR-TB患者年均报告发病率空间分布图，并对陕西省登记报告的RR-TB患者数据进行全局空间自相关、热点分析，探索其空间聚集性。结果显示，陕西省RR-TB患者报告发病率在各年度差异有统计学意义（χ2=177.04，P<0.001），初治患者占比（71.33%）高于复治患者（28.67%，χ2=607.18，P<0.001）。空间分布显示，2018—2024年陕西省RR-TB患者发病存在高发区及空间聚集特征。全局空间自相关分析显示，2018、2022和2024年RR-TB报告发病率存在空间聚集性（P<0.05）。年均报告发病局部热点分析显示存在9个“热点”区域，其中7个“正热点”区域为安康市汉滨区、平利县、紫阳县、岚皋县、旬阳市、镇坪县和汉中市镇巴县，2个“负热点”区域为西安市周至县和杨陵区。逐年局部热点分析显示，“正热点”区域从2018年的7个增加至2022年的11个，聚集范围呈现逐年扩大，主要集中分布在汉中市、安康市的部分县（区），而“负热点”区域则没有明显的集中趋势。综上所述，陕西省RR-TB发病具有明显的空间聚集性及地区分布差异，发病较高的地区主要聚集在陕西南部，且聚集的“正热点”区域范围呈现逐年扩大的趋势。.
Objective: This study aims to systematically explore the protective effect and its underlying mechanism of high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) on the mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) through regulating the structure and function of gut microbiota. Methods: A simple randomized controlled allocation method was adopted. From July to August 2024, 24 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the control group (Con), ulcerative colitis group (DSS), high-intensity interval exercise group (HIE), and high-intensity interval exercise-ulcerative colitis group (HIE-DSS) in the experimental animal room of the Second Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control in the Disease Prevention and Control Center of the Eastern Theater Command, with six mice in each group. During the experimental stage, the mice in the HIE and HIE-DSS groups first received 5-week high-intensity interval exercise training. Then, the mice in the DSS and HIE-DSS groups were given free access to a 3% DSS solution for 7 days to induce the UC model. The diarrhea status, body weight changes of the mice were observed, and the colon length was measured. The histopathology and morphology of the colon tissues were scored. H&E staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the colon tissues. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze the expression levels of interleukin (IL) IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the peripheral serum of the mice in each group. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to monitor the changes in the levels of IL-1 mRNA, IL-6 mRNA, IL-10 mRNA, and TNF-α mRNA in the mouse colon tissues. Kits were used to detect the changes in malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mouse colon tissues. 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques were used to detect the changes in the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. Immunohistochemical techniques and bacterial translocation experiments were used to evaluate the changes in the gut mucosal proteins Occludin and Muc2 and the gut barrier function. One-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test was used to evaluate the differences between groups. Results: The weight changes (g) of the Con group, DSS group, HIE group, and HIE-DSS group were (28.29±0.71), (23.71±0.67), (27.61±1.20), and (25.63±0.78) respectively; the colon lengths (cm) were (7.67±0.41), (4.87±0.18), (7.08±0.22), and (6.53±0.14) respectively; the morphological scores of colon tissues were (1.26±0.62), (2.01±0.41), (1.25±0.70), and (1.57±0.28) respectively; the pathological scores were (0.66±0.31), (1.33±0.42), (0.81±0.19), and (1.03±0.32) respectively. The weight change, colon length, colon morphological score, and colon tissue pathological score of the DSS group were significantly lower than those of the HIE-DSS group, with statistically significant differences (t=3.195, P=0.036), (t=4.478, P=0.008 6), (t=3.745, P=0.007 1), and (t=4.106, P=0.006 9).The contents of IL-1β (pg/ml) in the serum of the Con group, DSS group, HIE group, and HIE-DSS group were 19.10±0.89, 26.26±1.86, 221.65±1.43, and 22.46±1.54 respectively; the expression levels of IL-6 (pg/ml) were 30.82±7.15, 71.90±14.42, 28.70±6.62, and 37.40±4.58 respectively; the expression levels of TNF-α (pg/ml) were 22.78±6.11, 37.86±7.12, 24.68±4.07, and 27.75±6.32 respectively; the expression levels of IL-10 (pg/ml) were 59.13±9.02, 43.38±6.72, 53.17±5.27, and 51.92±4.18 respectively. Compared with the Con group, the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum of the DSS group were significantly increased, while the expression level of IL-10 was significantly decreased, with statistically significant differences (t=6.345, P=0.044), (t=5.115, P=0.038), (t=8.931, P=0.021), (t=6.612, P=0.039). The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the HIE-DSS group were significantly lower than those in the DSS group, while the expression level of IL-10 was significantly higher, with statistically significant differences (t=7.749, P=0.000 8), (t=5.327, P=0.007 4), (t=10.140, P=0.000 6), (t=7.718, P=0.000 5).The relative expression levels of ROS (U/mol) in the colon tissues of the Con group, DSS group, HIE group, and HIE-DSS group were 111.83±10.90, 185.16±25.56, 118.83±16.43, and 135.83±11.81 respectively; the expression levels of MPO (U/mgport) were 0.71±0.85, 2.76±0.62, 0.90±0.43, and 1.56±1.33 respectively; the expression levels of CAT (U/mgport) were 0.44±0.31, 0.08±0.21, 0.37±0.25, and 0.30±0.22 respectively; the expression levels of MDA (nmol/mgport) were 0.38±0.12, 0.92±0.22, 0.46±0.18, and 0.57±0.19 respectively; the expression levels of GSH (mg/port) were 17.80±6.12, 6.11±2.82, 14.71±4.18, and 12.28±5.011 respectively; the expression levels of T-SOD (U/mgport) were 3.69±2.12, 1.25±0.61, 3.23±0.55, and 2.73±0.47 respectively. Compared with the HIE-DSS group, the expression levels of ROS, MPO, and MDA in the colon of the DSS group were significantly increased, while the expression levels of CAT, GSH, and T-SOD were significantly decreased, with statistically significant differences (t=3.915, P=0.005 4), (t=4.543, P=0.000 4), (t=8.018, P=0.000 7), (t=12.510, P=0.000 6), (t=6.703, P=0.000 5), (t=5.784, P=0.000 8).The expression levels (IOD) of tight-junction protein Muc2 in the colon tissues of the Con group, DSS group, HIE group, and HIE-DSS group were 3 019.51±23.26, 2 080.25±11.18, 2 690.32±17.24, and 2 473.50±16.04 respectively; the expression levels (IOD) of Occludin were 2 881.04±12.07, 2 198.30±10.05, 2 720.30±14.02, and 2 680.30±11.23 respectively. The expression levels of Muc2 and Occludin in the DSS group were significantly lower than those in the HIE-DSS and Con groups, with statistically significant differences (t=8.743, P=0.000 7), (t=9.634, P=0.000 9). Conclusion: As an emerging exercise mode, high-intensity interval training may participate in alleviating the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis by regulating gut microbiota and their metabolites. 目的： 旨在探讨高强度间歇运动（HIE）通过调节肠道菌群结构与功能，对葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（UC）模型的保护效应及其潜在机制。 方法： 采取简单随机对照分配方式，于2024年7—8月在东部战区疾病预防控制中心传染病防控二科实验动物房将24只雄性C57BL/6小鼠分为对照组（Con）、溃疡性结肠炎组（DSS）、高强度间歇运动组（HIE）和高强度间歇运动-溃疡性结肠炎组（HIE-DSS），每组各6只。在实验阶段，HIE组与HIE-DSS组小鼠首先接受为期5周的高强度间歇运动训练，之后对DSS组和HIE-DSS组小鼠采用3%DSS溶液自由饮用7 d，以诱导UC模型。观察小鼠腹泻情况、体重变化并测量结肠长度。对结肠组织病理学和形态学进行评分；采用苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色观察结肠组织病理变化；采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）分析各组小鼠外周血清中白介素（IL）的IL-10、IL-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达水平；采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）监测小鼠结肠组织中IL-1 mRNA、IL-6 mRNA、IL-10 mRNA和TNF-α mRNA水平的变化；采用试剂盒检测小鼠结肠组织丙二醛（MDA）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和活性氧（ROS）的变化；采用16S rRNA测序和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术检测肠道菌群和粪便代谢物的变化。采用免疫组化技术和细菌移位实验评估肠道黏膜蛋白Occludin和Muc2及肠道屏障功能变化。采用单因素方差分析（One-way ANOVA）进行统计学分析。组间差异的评估使用Newman-Keuls多重比较检验。 结果： Con组、DSS组、HIE组、HIE-DSS组体重（g）变化分别为（28.29±0.71）、（23.71±0.67）、（27.61±1.20）、（25.63±0.78）；结肠长度（cm）分别为（7.67±0.41）、（4.87±0.18）、（7.08±0.22）、（6.53±0.14）；结肠组织形态学评分（score）分别为（1.26±0.62）、（2.01±0.41）、（1.25±0.70）、（1.57±0.28）；病理评分（score）分别为（0.66±0.31）、（1.33±0.42）、（0.81±0.19）、（1.03±0.32）。DSS组体重变化、结肠长度、结肠形态学评分、结肠组织病理评分均较HIE-DSS组显著降低，差异有统计学意义（t=3.195，P=0.036）、（t=4.478、P=0.0086）、（t=3.745、P=0.0071）、（t=4.106，P=0.0069）。Con组、DSS组、HIE组、HIE-DSS组血清中IL-1β含量（pg/ml）分别为19.10±0.89、26.26±1.86、221.65±1.43、22.46±1.54，IL-6表达量（pg/ml）分别为30.82±7.15、71.90±14.42、28.70±6.62、37.40±4.58，TNF-α表达量（pg/ml）分别为22.78±6.11、37.86±7.12、24.68±4.07、27.75±6.32，IL-10表达量（pg/ml）分别为59.13±9.02、43.38±.6.72、53.17±.5.27、51.92±4.18。与 Con组相比，DSS组血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α表达显著升高，IL-10表达显著降低，差异有统计学意义（t=6.345，P=0.044）、（t=5.115，P=0.038）、（t=8.931，P=0.021）、（t=6.612，P=0.039）；HIE-DSS组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α表达较DSS组显著下降，IL-10表达显著上升，差异有统计学意义（t=7.749，P=0.000 8）、（t=5.327，P=0.007 4）、（t=10.140，P=0.000 6、（t=7.718，P=0.000 5）。Con组、DSS组、HIE组、HIE-DSS组的结肠组织中ROS相对表达量（U/mol）分别为111.83±10.90、185.16±25.56、118.83±16.43、135.83±11.81，MPO表达量（U/mgport）分别为0.71±0.85、2.76±0.62、0.90±0.43、1.56±1.33，CAT表达量（U/mgport）分别为0.44±0.31、0.08±0.21、0.37±0.25、0.30±0.22，MDA表达量（nmol/mgport）分别0.38±0.12、0.92±0.22、0.46±0.18、0.57±0.19，GSH表达量（mg/port）分别为17.80±6.12、6.11±2.82、14.71±4.18、12.28±5.011，T-SOD表达量（U/mgport）分别为3.69±2.12、1.25±0.61、3.23±0.55、2.73±0.47。与HIE-DSS组相比，DSS组结肠中ROS、MPO、MDA表达显著升高，CAT、GSH、T-SOD表达显著降低，差异有统计学意义（t=3.915，P=0.005 4）、（t=4.543，P=0.000 4）、（t=8.018，P=0.000 7）、（t=12.510，P=0.000 6）、（t=6.703，P=0.000 5）、（t=5.784，P=0.000 8）。Con组、DSS组、HIE组、HIE-DSS组的结肠组织紧密连接蛋白Muc2蛋白表达量（IOD）分别为3 019.51±23.26、2 080.25±11.18、2 690.32±17.24、2 473.50±16.04。Occludin蛋白表达量（IOD）分别为2 881.04±12.07、2 198.30±10.05、2 720.30±14.02、2 680.30±11.23，DSS组中Muc2、Occludin蛋白表达量较HIE-DSS和Con组显著降低，差异有统计学意义（t=8.743，P=0.000 7）、（t=9.634，P=0.000 9）。 结论： 高强度间歇运动作为一种新兴的运动方式，可能通过调控肠道菌群及其代谢产物，参与减轻溃疡性结肠炎的发病机制。.