Reconstructing realistic animal fur geometry from images is a challenging task due to the fine-scale details, self-occlusion, and view-dependent appearance of fur. In contrast to human hairstyle reconstruction, there are also no datasets that can be leveraged to learn a fur prior for different animals. In this work, we present a first multi-view-based method for high-fidelity 3D fur modeling of animals using a strand-based representation, leveraging the general knowledge of a vision language model. Given multi-view RGB images, we first reconstruct a coarse surface geometry using traditional multi-view stereo techniques. We then use a vision language model (VLM) system to retrieve information about the realistic length structure of the fur for each part of the body. We use this knowledge to construct the animal's furless geometry and grow strands atop it. The fur reconstruction is supervised with both geometric and photometric losses computed from multi-view images. To mitigate orientation ambiguities stemming from the Gabor filters that are applied to the input images, we additionally utilize the VLM to guide the strands' growth direction and their relation to the gravity vector th
In a social networked industry, the focus is on collaboration between humans and technology. Communication is the basic prerequisite for synergetic collaboration between all players. It includes non-verbal as well as verbal interactions. To enable non-verbal interaction, machines must be able to detect and understand human movements. This article presents the ongoing fundamental research on the analysis of human movements using sensor-based activity recognition and identifies potential for a transfer to industrial applications. The focus is on the practical feasibility of activity recognition by adding further data streams such as the position data of logistical objects and tools, meaning the context in which a certain activity is carried out. -- In der Social Networked Industry steht die Zusammenarbeit von Mensch und Technik im Vordergrund. Grundvoraussetzung für eine synergetische Zusammenarbeit aller Akteure ist die Kommunikation, welche neben verbalen auch nonverbale Interaktionen umfasst. Um eine nonverbale Interaktion zu ermöglichen, müssen Maschinen in der Lage sein, menschliche Bewegungen zu erfassen und zu verstehen. Dieser Beitrag stellt die laufende Grundlagenforschung z
The tactile sensation of stroking soft fur, known for its comfort and emotional benefits, has numerous applications in virtual reality, animal-assisted therapy, and household products. Previous studies have primarily utilized actual fur to present a voluminous fur experience that poses challenges concerning versatility and flexibility. In this study, we develop a system that integrates a head-mounted display with an ultrasound haptic display to provide visual and haptic feedback. Measurements taken using an artificial skin sheet reveal directional differences in tactile and visual responses to voluminous fur. Based on observations and measurements, we propose interactive models that dynamically adjust to hand movements, simulating fur-stroking sensations. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed model using visual and haptic modalities significantly enhances the realism of a fur-stroking experience. Our findings suggest that the interactive visuo-haptic model offers a promising fur-stroking experience in virtual reality, potentially enhancing the user experience in therapeutic, entertainment, and retail applications.
The creation of cinematic-quality animal effects necessitates the precise modeling of muscle and fur dynamics, a process that remains both labor-intensive and computationally expensive within traditional production workflows. While generative diffusion models have shown promise in diverse artistic workflows, their capacity for high-fidelity animal simulation remains largely unexploited. We present MoZoo, a generative dynamics solver that bypasses conventional refinement to synthesize high-fidelity animal videos from coarse meshes under multimodal guidance. We propose Role-Aware RoPE (RAR-RoPE) which employs role-based index remapping to synchronize motion alignment while decoupling reference information via fixed temporal offsets. Complementing this, Asymmetric Decoupled Attention partitions the latent sequence to enforce a unidirectional information flow, effectively preventing feature interference and improving computational efficiency. To address the scarcity of high-quality training data, we introduce MoZoo-Data, a synthetic-to-real pipeline that leverages a rendering engine and an inverse mapping approach to construct a large-scale dataset of paired sequences. Furthermore, we
Modern, data-driven medical research requires the processing of sensitive health data on a large scale. However, this data is subject to special protection under the GDPR, which is why processing regularly raises data protection concerns in practice. These concerns are particularly prevalent when sensitive personal data is processed without informed consent. This article analyses options for data processing in the field of medical research without consent and describes the legal framework for anonymisation under the GDPR, the national Austrian implementation of the research exemption, and their interaction. -- Moderne, datengetriebene medizinische Forschung erfordert die Verarbeitung sensibler Gesundheitsdaten in grossem Ausmass. Diese sind im System der DSGVO jedoch besonders geschützt, weswegen einer rechtssicheren Verarbeitung in der Praxis regelmässig datenschutzrechtliche Bedenken entgegenstehen. Diese Bedenken bestehen insbesondere bei Verarbeitung sensibler personenbezogener Daten ohne informierte Einwilligung. Dieser Beitrag analysiert daher Möglichkeiten zur Datenverarbeitung im Bereich der medizinischen Forschung fernab der Einwilligung und beschreibt hierfür das rechtlic
Stereotype Vorstellungen von Mathematik und Mathematiker*innen beeinflussen das Interesse von Jugendlichen an MINT-Fächern. Daher plädiert dieser Beitrag dafür, populäre Filme und erfolgreiche Serien nicht nur im Fremdsprachenunterricht, sondern auch im Mathematikunterricht einzusetzen. Durch die Analyse audiovisueller Medien im Unterricht können verzerrte Darstellungen über Mathematiker*innen erkannt, die Gründe dafür benannt und alternative Sichtweisen entwickelt werden. Dies trägt dazu bei, das Bild der Mathematik zu entmystifizieren und den Spaß an Mathe und Englisch zu fördern. Die Einbindung sozialwissenschaftlicher Themen steigert zudem die Motivation der Schüler*innen.
Algorithmic decision support (ADS) is increasingly used in a whole array of different contexts and structures in various areas of society, influencing many people's lives. Its use raises questions, among others, about accountability, transparency and responsibility. Our article aims to give a brief overview of the central issues connected to ADS, responsibility and decision-making in organisational contexts and identify open questions and research gaps. Furthermore, we describe a set of guidelines and a complementary digital tool to assist practitioners in mapping responsibility when introducing ADS within their organisational context. -- Algorithmenunterstützte Entscheidungsfindung (algorithmic decision support, ADS) kommt in verschiedenen Kontexten und Strukturen vermehrt zum Einsatz und beeinflusst in diversen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen das Leben vieler Menschen. Ihr Einsatz wirft einige Fragen auf, unter anderem zu den Themen Rechenschaft, Transparenz und Verantwortung. Im Folgenden möchten wir einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Fragestellungen rund um ADS, Verantwortung und Entscheidungsfindung in organisationalen Kontexten geben und einige offene Fragen und Forschungslück
The method described in the first part for frequency-selectively measuring the transfer function and the noise power spectral density of the superimposed noise at the output of a disturbed, real system with nonlinearities using windowing was limited to time-invariant systems with stationary and zero-mean processes. Here, we investigate how this measurement method can be extended so that all correlations existing between the input and output signals can also be measured using windowing for a periodically time-varying system disturbed by a cyclostationary noise process. An extended version of the window construction algorithm presented in the first part is introduced, in which some degrees of freedom not used there can be used to appropriately influence the properties of the window sequence depending on the application. -- Das im ersten Teil beschriebene Verfahren die Uebertragungsfunktion und das Rauschleistungsdichtespektrum des ueberlagerten Rauschens am Ausgang eines gestoerten, realen Systems mit Nichtlinearitaeten mit Hilfe der Fensterung frequenzselektiv zu vermessen beschraenkte sich auf zeitinvariante Systeme mit stationaeren und mittelwertfreien Prozessen. Hier wird untersu
Koch and Oesterreicher's model of "Nähe und Distanz" (Nähe = immediacy, conceptual orality; Distanz = distance, conceptual literacy) is constantly used in German linguistics. However, there is no statistical foundation for use in corpus linguistic analyzes, while it is increasingly moving into empirical corpus linguistics. Theoretically, it is stipulated, among other things, that written texts can be rated on a scale of conceptual orality and literacy by linguistic features. This article establishes such a scale based on PCA and combines it with automatic analysis. Two corpora of New High German serve as examples. When evaluating established features, a central finding is that features of conceptual orality and literacy must be distinguished in order to rank texts in a differentiated manner. The scale is also discussed with a view to its use in corpus compilation and as a guide for analyzes in larger corpora. With a theory-driven starting point and as a "tailored" dimension, the approach compared to Biber's Dimension 1 is particularly suitable for these supporting, controlling tasks.
If we consider information as the basis of action, it may be of interest to examine the flow and acquisition of information between the actors in traffic. The central question is, which signals an automaton has to receive, decode or send in road traffic in order to act safely and in a conform manner to valid standards. The phenomenon-signal-model is a method to structure the problem, to analyze and to describe this very signal flow. Explaining the basics, structure and application of this method is the aim of this paper. -- Betrachtet man Information als Grundlage des Handelns, so wird es interessant sein, Fluss und Erfassung von Information zwischen den Akteuren des Verkehrsgeschehens zu untersuchen. Die zentrale Frage ist, welche Signale ein Automat im Straßenverkehr empfangen, decodieren oder senden muss, um konform zu geltenden Maßstäben und sicher zu agieren. Das Phänomen-Signal-Modell ist eine Methode, das Problemfeld zu strukturieren, eben diesen Signalfluss zu analysieren und zu beschreiben. Der vorliegende Aufsatz erklärt Grundlagen, Aufbau und Anwendung dieser Methode.
An English (2024) translation (v1) by P. Marquet of the 1912 German paper "Über neuere thermodynamische Theorien. (Nernstsches Wärmetheorem und Quanten-Hypothese) / On recent thermodynamic theories. (Nernst heat theorem and quantum hypothesis)" by Max Planck published in the "Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (Reports of the German Chemical Society)", vol.45, p.5-23.
The spin-S Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the two-dimensional lattice is investigated for S=1/2 and S=1. We consider interaction at isolated dimers ($J_{\rm d}$) and interaction bonds that form the bounce lattice ($J_{\rm b}$). For $J_{\rm d}=J_{\rm b}$, the system is reduced to the maple-leaf-lattice antiferromagnet. We primarily conduct highly parallelized numerical diagonalization to examine the spin excitation gap above the ground state for various $J_{\rm b}/J_{\rm d}$ cases. For S=1/2, we report calculations for a 42-site cluster that has not been previously treated. The S=1 case is examined for the first time for clusters up to 24 sites. Regardless of whether S=1/2 or 1, we find that the system has a gapped nature for small $J_{\rm d}/J_{\rm b}$ and becomes gapless at $J_{\rm d}/J_{\rm b}\sim 1.4$. For S=1, we also find that another gapped region appears between the gapless case at $J_{\rm d}/J_{\rm b}\sim 1.4$ and the boundary of the exact-dimer phase.
Nichtverbale Signale sind ein elementarer Bestandteil der menschlichen Kommunikation. Sie erfüllen eine Vielzahl von Funktionen bei der Klärung von Mehrdeutigkeiten, der subtilen Aushandlung von Rollen oder dem Ausdruck dessen, was im Inneren der Gesprächspartner vorgeht. Viele Studien mit sozial-interaktiven Robotern zeigen, dass vom Menschen inspirierte Bewegungsmuster ähnlich interpretiert werden wie die von realen Personen. Dieses Kapitel erläutert daher die wichtigsten Funktionen, welche die jeweiligen Bewegungsmuster in der Kommunikation erfüllen, und gibt einen Überblick darüber, wie sie auf Roboter übertragen werden können. -- Non-verbal signals are a fundamental part of human communication. They serve a variety of functions in clarifying ambiguities, subtly negotiating roles, or expressing what is going on inside the interlocutors. Many studies with socially-interactive robots show that human-inspired movement patterns are interpreted similarly to those of real people. This chapter therefore explains the most important functions that the respective movement patterns fulfill in communication and gives an overview of how they can be transferred to robots.
The aim of this article is to give practicing teachers an overview about the theory behind paperfolding, it is my qualifying thesis(Zulassungsarbeit) as a teacher in Germany. It is a survey about the relations between paperfolding and algebra, in particular Galois theory. We develop a system of fundamental foldings for paperfolding, discuss which field can be constructed using these techniques and advance to concrete constructions solving (classical) construction problems. Finally, we think about possible generalisations of the given system of fundamental constructions. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, aktiven Lehrern einen Überblick über die algebraische Theorie hinter Origami zu geben, der Artikel ist meine Zulassungsarbeit. Es handelt sich um einen Übersichtsartikel über die Relationen zwischen Origami und Algebra, insbesondere Galoistheorie. Wir entwickeln ein System von Grundkonstruktionen, diskutieren den Körper der mit Origami konstruierbaren Zahlen und wenden unser Wissen auf (klassische) Konstruktionsprobleme an. Zuletzt denken wir über mögliche Erweiterungen des gegebenen Systems fundamentaler Konstruktionen nach.
PrivacyScore ist ein öffentliches Web-Portal, mit dem automatisiert überprüft werden kann, ob Webseiten gängige Mechanismen zum Schutz von Sicherheit und Privatheit korrekt implementieren. Im Gegensatz zu existierenden Diensten ermöglicht PrivacyScore, mehrere Webseiten in Benchmarks miteinander zu vergleichen, die Ergebnisse differenziert und im Zeitverlauf zu analysieren sowie nutzerdefinierte Kriterien für die Auswertung zu definieren. PrivacyScore verbessert dadurch nicht nur die Transparenz für Endanwender, sondern erleichtert auch die Arbeit der Datenschutz-Aufsichtsbehörden. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir das Konzept des Dienstes vor und wir erörtern, unter welchen Umständen das automatische Scannen und öffentliche "Anprangern" von Schwächen aus rechtlicher Sicht zulässig ist. -- This German article describes the technical and legal considerations surrounding PrivacyScore, a public web portal that allows automatic scans of websites for privacy and security problems. For an English article discussing the same system in more technical detail, but lacking the legal interpretation, see arXiv:1705.05139.
In this paper we prove the transcendence of $π$ using Hilbert's method. We also prove that all points constructible with compass and straightedge have algebraic coordinates. Thus we give a self-contained proof that squaring the circle is impossible, requiring only basic linear algebra, analysis and Cauchy's Integral Theorem. -- In diesem Aufsatz beweisen wir mit Hilberts Methode, dass $π$ transzendent ist. Weiter beweisen wir, dass alle mit Zirkel und Lineal konstruierbaren Punkte algebraische Koordinaten haben. Somit beweisen wir, dass die Quadratur des Kreises unmöglich ist. Der vorliegende Beweis ist in sich abgeschlossen und setzt nur grundlegende lineare Algebra und Analysis und den Cauchy'schen Integralsatz voraus.
Due to increasing numbers of product piracy worldwide, a cost-effective method for verifying the origin of a product is to be developed. For this purpose, a certificate of authenticity can be created using precisely measurable, unique properties of special physical objects that are difficult to reconstruct. In the context of the present work, this is a counterfeit-proof label composed of randomly distributed gold nanospheres or rods in a semi-transparent material. The characteristic positioning of the label's elements can be precisely measured using a smartphone's camera and additional technologies. This can create an offline usable verification method for the general public without the need for an existing network connection. The present work provides a first part of the proof of concept that such a system and especially the associated algorithmic computation method can be implemented and efficiently used in a mobile application. In addition, a method suitable in practice for transmitting and securing the required information is determined in each case. Furthermore, the results of the validation of counterfeit-proof product labels are analyzed in detail and existing weaknesses are
The complexity and increasingly tight coupling of supply chains poses a major logistical challenge for leading companies. Another challenge is that leading companies -- under pressure from consumers, a critical public and legislative measures such as supply chain laws -- have to take more responsibility than before for their suppliers' labour standards. In this paper, we discuss a new approach that leading companies are using to try to address these challenges: algorithmic prediction of business risks, but also environmental and social risks. We describe the technical and cultural conditions for algorithmic prediction and explain how -- from the perspective of leading companies -- it helps to address both challenges. We then develop scenarios on how and with what kind of social consequences algorithmic prediction can be used by leading companies. From the scenarios, we derive policy options for different stakeholder groups to help develop algorithmic prediction towards improving labour standards and worker voice. -- Die Komplexität und zunehmend enge Kopplung vieler Lieferketten stellt eine große logistische Herausforderung für Leitunternehmen dar. Eine weitere Herausforderung best
In software and hardware development MATLAB and Simulink are used to model cyber physical systems for many years, , especially in automation technology and the automotive industry. Compliance with the required product quality and project efficiency is facilitated by analyzing and transforming Simulink models. The existing API, provided by MATLAB is only suitable for programmatic changing of Simulink models. We show using our own tool which is used in industry, how such as a Simulink model can be edited more easily. For this purpose the model, is converted to an object-oriented class structure that provides convenient access and editing APIs and allows applying well-known algorithms and analyses from graph theory directly. It is also designed as a bi-directional tool, so it transforms a Simulink model into a graph representation and vice versa. ----- In der Software- und Hardwareentwicklung wird seit Jahren verstärkt MATLAB und Simulink für die Modellierung von cyberphysikalischen Systemen, insbesondere in der Automatisierungstechnik und der Automobilindustrie eingesetzt. Die Einhaltung der notwendigen Produktqualität und Projekteffizienz wird durch Analysen und Transformationen auf
The development of automated vehicles and automated driving functions is an exceptionally complex task that requires the integration of numerous, sometimes conflicting interests and various constraints already in the early stages of system design. This chapter explains important challenges in concept specifications for automated driving and presents a systematic process model that contributes to overcoming the special requirements in this field. In addition, it describes the successful implementation of a structured concept specification for an automated vehicle guidance system. -- Die Entwicklung automatisierter Fahrzeuge und Fahrfunktionen stellt eine ausgesprochen komplexe Aufgabe dar, die bereits im Zuge des Systementwurfs die Einbeziehung einer Vielzahl teilweise konfliktärer Interessen und diverser Randbedingungen erfordert. Dieses Kapitel erläutert wichtige Herausforderungen bei Konzeptspezifikationen im Themenfeld des automatisierten Fahrens und stellt ein systematisches Prozessmodell vor, das einen Beitrag zur Erfüllung der besonderen Anforderungen des automatisierten Fahrens an den Entwurf leistet. Darüber hinaus wird die erfolgreiche Durchführung einer strukturierten Kon