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This study investigated the effects of sage (Salvia officinalis), thyme (Thymus sp.), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) aromatic oils on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and microbial composition in Holstein calves. A total of 32 calves were randomly assigned to four groups: a control group (CONT) receiving unsupplemented milk and three experimental groups supplemented with 150 &#xb5;L/day/calf of sage (SAG), thyme (THY), or lavender (LAV) aromatic oil, along with starter feed and forage. Sage (4.89 and 10.14%, respectively) and lavender (6.75 and 20.29%, respectively) oils significantly improved body weight and average daily weight gain at weaning, while all aromatic oils enhanced feedstuff dry matter (DM) intake (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). Rumen ammonia nitrogen levels remained unaffected by sage and lavender oils but increased with thyme oil supplementation (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). Sage oil increased the molar concentrations of acetic, iso-valeric, total (short chain fatty acids) SCFA (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01), straight SCFA (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01), and branched SCFA (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). Both sage and lavender oils elevated propionic (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05) and butyric acid levels (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). In terms of rumen microbiota, thyme oil increased the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae by approximately 73% (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05), while sage oil significantly increased the relative proportion of Acidaminococcaceae by approximately 160% (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). Sage and lavender oils reduced Prevotellaceae but increased Lachnospiraceae (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). In conclusion, supplementation with 150 &#xb5;L/day of sage, thyme, or lavender aromatic oils improved feedstuff DM intake, rumen fermentation, and microbial populations in Holstein calves. Sage and lavender oils showed the most pronounced benefits by increasing SCFA production and promoting potentially beneficial bacterial families such as Lachnospiraceae and Acidaminococcaceae, which are associated with enhanced carbohydrate fermentation and rumen development, while reducing Prevotellaceae abundance. Thyme oil increased Bifidobacteriaceae, suggesting a positive modulation of gut microbial balance. These findings indicate that aromatic oils, particularly sage and lavender, may support healthier rumen maturation and improved calf performance during early-life feeding.

Background/Objectives: Spiritual care is a core component of holistic paediatric palliative care, yet nurses often feel insufficiently prepared to address the spiritual and existential needs of seriously ill children and their families. This systematic review aimed to explore nurses' experiences of providing spiritual care to seriously ill and dying children in paediatric palliative care settings and to identify the factors that facilitate or hinder its provision. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science and SAGE were searched for English-language qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies published up to November 2025. Study quality was assessed using JBI critical appraisal checklists, and the findings were synthesised thematically following Thomas and Harden. Results: A total of 228 records were identified, of which ten studies met the predefined inclusion criteria. The thematic synthesis identified one overarching theme-nurses' engagement with spirituality while caring for seriously ill and dying children-supported by two sub-themes: managing emotional responses and maintaining professional, family-centred support. Conclusions: Nurses recognise spiritual care as essential in paediatric palliative care but often lack the competence and institutional support to provide it consistently. Education should prioritise spiritual assessment, developmentally appropriate communication, ethical boundaries, reflective practice and structured debriefing.

Sage is highlighted for its biological activity since it is composed of a plethora of bioactive compounds which can be used in various applications. The present study herein concerned the isolation of the essential oil derived from Salvia triloba L. crop residues by applying microwave-assisted extraction. The isolated essential oil was examined for its chemical compounds by performing GC-MS analysis and for its antimicrobial activity. The obtained results revealed that the major components of the derived essential oil were thujone which formed the predominant compound accounting for 25.83% followed by camphor, cis-thujone and eucalyptol that were found to be at high levels in essential oil's composition reaching 17.86%, 9.90% and 8.97%, respectively. Additionally, latter essential oil revealed significant antimicrobial activity against E. coli in a ratio of 10&#xa0;mg/mL, whereas the inhibitory activity for both L. monocytogenes and S. enterica was observed in an amount of 12&#xa0;mg/mL. Therefore, the presented results lead to a new pathway concerning the exploitation of latter essential oil as a natural antimicrobial agent, which could be adopted by the food industry during multiple steps of the production process, including preservation, packaging, and processing of perishable products such as meat, dairy, and fresh products, as a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives.

Children are highly vulnerable in disaster settings due to developmental, physiological, and psychosocial limitations, increasing their risk of long-term mental health and psychosocial problems. Although disasters cause both physical and psychological consequences, psychosocial difficulties often persist longer and may hinder children's developmental recovery. Therefore, family-centered psychosocial interventions are essential for post-disaster recovery. However, the integration of Family-Centered Care (FCC) principles into disaster mental health and psychosocial support systems remains fragmented and insufficiently tailored to children's developmental stages. This scoping review mapped and synthesized evidence on family-centered psychosocial interventions for disaster-affected children across developmental stages. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, articles published between 2016 and 2026 were searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SAGE. Studies were selected using PCC criteria (Population: children aged 0-18 years; Concept: family-centered psychosocial interventions, including caregiver-mediated, play-based, cognitive-behavioral, resilience-building, and family support approaches; Context: disaster settings). Eleven studies (randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, and mixed-methods) from multiple countries were included. Findings indicate that interventions are developmentally differentiated and predominantly family-based; however, evidence remains limited for preschool children, adolescents, and long-term psychosocial outcomes. Play-based and dyadic caregiver child interventions were primarily used for younger children, while cognitive behavioral and resilience-focused approaches were more common among school-aged children and adolescents. Across studies, improvements in caregiver wellbeing and family functioning were consistently associated with better child emotional and behavioral outcomes, highlighting an interconnected recovery pathway across developmental stages. Family-centered psychosocial interventions should be tailored to developmental needs and strengthen caregiver wellbeing and family functioning. The findings support integrating family-centered approaches into disaster mental health systems to strengthen resilience and long-term recovery, particularly in disaster-prone and resource-limited settings.

Introduced in 2020, plain language summaries of publications (PLSPs) are standalone articles that aim to expand the reach of scientific findings to non-specialist audiences using plain language and meaningful visuals. Despite increased publication, there is no agreed cross-publisher definition of PLSPs, resulting in inconsistent terminology, formatting, peer-review processes, and metadata that hinder indexing and discoverability in bibliographic databases such as PubMed and Europe PMC. In February 2024, the multistakeholder collaboration Open Pharma launched an initiative to review existing standards and practices related to the publication of PLSPs. After identifying three publishers offering standalone PLSPs - Becaris Publishing, Sage, and Taylor & Francis - representatives from each formed a steering committee to define PLSPs and agree on principles that differentiate them from other publishing formats. PLSPs are defined as standalone summaries of peer-reviewed articles, written according to plain language principles, published open access with a unique digital object identifier (DOI), and are themselves peer reviewed (including by someone who is not a scientific specialist in the topic area). They should include a summary, clear reference to the original article, and a combination of text and meaningful graphics. This consensus provides a foundation for standardizing PLSPs as a distinct article type and acceptable secondary publication format. We hope it will also support consistent authoring, editorial management, peer-review processes and indexing. We call on indexing services to formally recognize PLSPs and on publishers to adopt this format as an accurate and reliable source of understandable scientific information. First introduced in 2020, plain language summaries of publications (PLSPs) are a type of scientific research article that take complex research and translate it into clear, simple language and visuals to make the key findings easier to understand. PLSPs are becoming more popular. However, even the most popular online libraries of research articles (also called research databases) don&#x2019;t have specific filters to search for PLSPs, which makes them hard to find. To fix this, Open Pharma launched a project in 2024 to create a standard definition for PLSPs. They worked with three publishers that publish PLSPs &#x2013; Becaris Publishing, Sage, and Taylor & Francis &#x2013; to agree on the content of PLSPs and how they should be published. Together, they agreed that PLSPs are easy-to-read summaries of research articles. They should include easy-to-understand text and graphics, clearly link to the original article, be free to access online, and have their own unique identifier (called a digital object identifier [DOI]). They should be reviewed by scientific experts and people with lived experience (a process called peer review) to make sure the PLSP is accurate, understandable and fit for purpose. We hope that this agreement will help PLSPs become a recognized article type, and &#x2013; with action from research databases and other publishers &#x2013; could make them easier to find.

Infants with complex heart disease often have delayed development, learning difficulties, and mental health problems as they grow older. Their parents and other caregivers engage in online health information-seeking behavior to understand and support their children's health and development. In this study, we analyze the presence, nature, and presentation of information about neurodevelopment on the websites of congenital cardiac surgical programs in the United States. We used a mixed methods approach, specifically a convergent design. We correlated the presence and presentation of information about neurodevelopment on each program's website with state-level and program-specific factors extracted from multiple publicly available databases. Quantitative analysis methods included descriptive analyses, Student t tests, Pearson chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis, all performed using SPSS (IBM Corp). Qualitative methods included both inductive and deductive content analysis. Only 39% (50/129) of programs provided any information about neurodevelopment online. High surgical volume correlated with the presence of online information (P<.001). Websites were written at an average 7th to 10th grade reading level, and fewer than 5% of websites had information in a language other than English. Two semantic clusters of website format, content, and element selection were identified, reflecting distinct approaches to adult learners. Program websites clustered into "sage on the stage" and "guide on the side" formats. Few websites incorporated features caregivers previously identified as useful, with only 6% including the four most helpful features. We highlight the paucity of accessible caregiver-oriented information about neurodevelopment on congenital cardiac surgical programs' websites in the United States and characterize two primary website models. The lack of information may negatively impact caregiver understanding of and engagement with neurodevelopmental services for their child with a congenital heart defect. Future research should explore the impact of each website model on caregiver understanding of and engagement with neurodevelopmental services, as well as the generalizability of these findings to other domains of pediatric subspecialty care.

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are widely employed for deep sea exploration and underwater operations, but their navigation performance is often degraded in complex environments due to time-varying measurement noise, abnormal observations, and Doppler Velocity Log (DVL) outages. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an integrated SINS/DVL/PS navigation framework that combines an Adaptive Huber and Sage-Husa Extended Kalman Filter (AHR-EKF) with a Nonlinear AutoRegressive with eXogenous inputs (NARX)-based velocity prediction model. The AHR-EKF effectively suppresses outliers and adapts to time-varying noise, thereby enhancing filter stability and state estimation accuracy. During DVL outages, the NARX model predicts short-term AUV velocity using propeller speed, velocity increments from the navigation system, and attitude information as exogenous inputs. This data-driven approach compensates for lag and mismatch in propeller-based velocity measurements, while capturing both short-term fluctuations and overall velocity trends. Simulations and sea trials were conducted to validate the method. In the simulation experiment during DVL outages, the V-NARX method achieved east and north positioning of RMS errors of 8.397 m and 6.530 m, compared with 24.699 m and 10.218 m for the V-RPM method. In the sea trial, the V-NARX method achieved east and north RMS errors of 41.160 m and 28.023 m, respectively, compared with 52.820 m and 67.057 m for V-RPM, corresponding to reductions of 22.1% and 58.2%. The proposed method maintains trajectory continuity and effectively suppresses rapid INS error accumulation during DVL outages, significantly enhancing emergency navigation capability under DVL outages. Although its positioning accuracy does not match that of normal DVL operation, the method provides a practical and reliable engineering solution for continuous AUV navigation when DVL is unavailable.

Current dopaminergic therapies for Parkinson's disease carry significant limitations: levodopa can cause long-term motor complications, while D2/D3 receptor-targeting dopamine agonists can produce non-motor adverse effects. Tavapadon is an oral, once-daily, selective D1/D5 agonist that might improve Parkinson's disease motor symptoms. We aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of flexible-dose tavapadon in people with early-stage Parkinson's disease. TEMPO-2 was a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 75 clinical sites (both hospital or academic and community settings) across 13 countries. Adults aged 40-80 years with early-stage Parkinson's disease (<3 years' disease duration) who were treatment-naive or had less than 3 months of previous dopaminergic treatment were eligible. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to flexible-dose tavapadon (5-15 mg) or placebo orally once daily for 27 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to week 26 in the combined score of the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Parts II and III (reflecting activities of daily living and motor performance). Safety endpoints included adverse events, clinical laboratory values, vital signs, and electrocardiograms. The primary endpoint was assessed in the modified intent-to-treat population (participants who received one dose or more of study drug and had both a baseline and one or more post-baseline MDS-UPDRS assessments) and safety was assessed in the safety analysis set (all participants who received one dose or more of tavapadon or placebo). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04223193) and is now complete. Between Jan 6, 2020, and Feb 22, 2024, 473 individuals were screened and 304 were randomly assigned to receive tavapadon 5-15 mg (n=151) or placebo (n=153). The majority of participants were male (169 [56%] of 304 male; 135 [44%] of 304 female), the mean age was 62&#xb7;9 (SD 9&#xb7;2) years, and the mean disease duration was 0&#xb7;86 (0&#xb7;79) years. 80 (26%) of 304 participants discontinued from the trial (57 [38%] of 151 on tavapadon and 23 [15%] of 153 on placebo), most commonly due to adverse events (42 [14%] of 304; 36 [24%] of 151 on tavapadon and six [4%] of 153 on placebo). The primary endpoint of change from baseline to week 26 in the MDS-UPDRS Parts II and III combined score was significantly improved with tavapadon versus placebo (least squares mean [LSM] decrease of 10&#xb7;3 [95% CI -12&#xb7;2 to -8&#xb7;3] points vs 1&#xb7;2 [-2&#xb7;9 to 0&#xb7;6] points; LSM treatment difference -9&#xb7;1 [95% CI -11&#xb7;7 to -6&#xb7;5]; p<0&#xb7;0001). Most adverse events were non-serious and mild to moderate in severity. More adverse events were observed with tavapadon than with placebo (115 [76%] of 151 participants vs 84 [55%] of 153 participants). The incidence of adverse events in the tavapadon group was higher during the titration phase (92 [61%] of 151) than during the dose adjustment (44 [37%] of 151) and maintenance (47 [43%] of 151) phases. The most commonly reported adverse events with tavapadon versus placebo (>10% of participants) were nausea (45 [30%] of 151] vs five [3%] of 153), headache (25 [17%] vs eight [5%]), and dizziness (24 [16%] vs five [3%]). Tavapadon showed significant and clinically meaningful improvements in Parkinson's disease motor symptoms, with low incidence of somnolence and impulse control disorders. However, the short observation period limits conclusions about long-term tolerability. An ongoing extension study aims to confirm its long-term safety and efficacy. AbbVie.

Proteins play a central role in cancer biology. They are the most common drug targets and biomarkers. Sex influences the proteome in many diseases ranging from neurological to cardiovascular. In cancer, sex is associated with incidence, progression and therapeutic response, as well as characteristics of the tumour genome and transcriptome. This study aimed to characterise the extent to which sex differences impact the cancer proteome. Retrospective analysis of publicly available proteogenomic datasets. Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium cancer cohorts. A total of 1590 proteomes from eight cancer types. Not applicable. Sex-differential protein abundance and its association with copy number aberrations, biological pathways and gene dependency. We identified 901 genes with sex-differential protein abundance in adenocarcinomas of the lung and 20 genes across five other tumour types: squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, hepatocellular carcinomas, clear cell cancers of the kidney, adenocarcinomas of the pancreas and glioblastoma. A subset of these protein differences could be rationalised by sex-differential copy number aberrations. Pathway analysis showed that male-biased proteins in lung adenocarcinoma were enriched in MYC and E2F target pathways, and female-biased proteins were enriched in metabolic and stress-response pathways. These genes also exhibited stronger CRISPR gene dependency in cell lines derived from lung adenocarcinoma. These findings highlight the modest impact of sex on the cancer proteome, but the very limited power of existing proteomics cohorts for these analyses.

With global population aging, the prevalence of gastric cancer among patients aged 60 years and older continues to rise. Radical gastrectomy frequently induces postoperative skeletal muscle loss, which correlates with poor clinical prognosis. Currently, few prediction models are available to screen for new-onset postoperative low muscle mass in older gastric cancer patients. This study aimed to construct and internally validate a preoperative prediction model for low muscle mass at six months after radical gastrectomy in this elderly population. A total of 69 eligible older adult patients with pTNM stage I-III gastric adenocarcinoma were retrospectively enrolled. Those with preoperative low muscle mass, neoadjuvant therapy, or incomplete clinical and imaging data were excluded. Postoperative low muscle mass was diagnosed using L3-level skeletal muscle index based on Asian cutoff criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to screen independent predictors. Model performance was assessed via ROC curves, calibration curves, and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). Among all participants, 17 patients (24.6%) developed postoperative low muscle mass. Preoperative BMI, skeletal muscle area, lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, and surgical method were confirmed as independent influencing factors. The established model yielded an AUC of 0.857, with a sensitivity of 94.1% and specificity of 67.3%, and the LOOCV AUC reached 0.832. Total gastrectomy was linked to a higher risk of low muscle mass compared with partial gastrectomy. Preoperative BMI, SMA, and LMR can independently predict postoperative low muscle mass in older adult gastric cancer patients. The model shows moderate-to-good predictive performance in this single-center cohort and may help identify high-risk patients preoperatively. Prioritizing partial gastrectomy when oncologically safe and providing preoperative nutritional and exercise support may help reduce muscle loss.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent condition that profoundly impairs quality of life across diverse populations. Despite widespread use, current antidepressant and psychotherapeutic treatments exhibit limited efficacy and unsatisfactory response rates. Progress in developing effective therapies is hampered by the insufficiently understood heterogeneity of MDD and its elusive underlying mechanisms. Here, to address these challenges, we develop a novel machine learning framework that identifies structure-function covariation through target-oriented fusion of structural and functional connectivity, which robustly predicts individual-level antidepressant response (sertraline, R 2 = 0.31; placebo, R 2 = 0.22). Validation in an independent escitalopram-medicated MDD cohort confirms the biomarker's generalizability (P = 0.01) and suggests an overlap of psychopharmacological signatures across selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Our models highlight the right precuneus as a common key region for both sertraline and placebo responses, with the right middle frontal gyrus and left fusiform gyrus specific to sertraline and the left inferior and middle frontal gyri to placebo. We also find that structural connectivity is more predictive of sertraline response, while functional connectivity better predicts placebo response. The framework further decomposes the overall predictive patterns into three constitutive network constellations (default-mode regulatory, affective and sensory processing), which exhibit distinct generalizable structure-function covariation and treatment-specific association with personality traits and behavioral/cognitive profiles. These findings provide unique insights to the structure-function covariation in patients with MDD, its association to the heterogeneity in antidepressant response and the dissection of the intricate MDD neuropsychopharmacology, paving the way for precision medicine and development of more targeted antidepressant therapeutics. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care for Depression (EMBARC), NCT01407094.

Although thrombotic events are common complications after cardiac arrest, the rapid formation of intracardiac thrombi is rarely directly observed. Here, we report a 57-year-old male who underwent laparoscopic bladder flap ureteral replacement surgery for a right ureteral fistula. During the surgery, indocyanine green was injected into the ureter, resulting in sudden respiratory and cardiac arrest. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated, and transesophageal echocardiography revealed right atrial mass formation. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the patient's vital signs remained stabilized. Repeat cardiac ultrasound demonstrated rapid mass resolution. The patient was successfully extubated in the intensive care unit and was subsequently discharged without complications. This case directly documents the rapid formation of intracardiac mass following cardiac arrest, highlighting the need to promptly rule out thrombotic events after successful resuscitation to enable timely management.

Dysconnectivity in schizophrenia is a pervasive concept across various levels of systems biology. To better understand disrupted patterns of molecular connectivity in schizophrenia, we apply innovative approaches to gene co-expression networks starting from multiple regions of postmortem brain (bulk RNA-Seq from dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex- (DLPFC) (Ndonors=297; sex: M/F&#x2009;=&#x2009;212/85), hippocampus (Ndonors=250; sex: M/F&#x2009;=&#x2009;181/69) and caudate (Ndonors=349; sex: M/F&#x2009;=&#x2009;242/107). Here we identify differentially connected genes (DCG) in schizophrenia networks that deviate from architectural relationships characteristic of neurotypical gene networks based on three network metrics- total connectivity (kTot), clustering coefficient (C), and intra-module degree (kIn). We find multiple DCG consistent across all brain regions, most of which we then independently confirm in brain single nuclei (snRNAseq) data and in four independent human iPSC-derived brain organoids. DCG specific for each network parameter shows enrichment in schizophrenia genetic signal, in pathways prominently related to neurons and oligodendroglia functionality, and in cell-type specific co-expression patterns that differ between neurotypical and schizophrenia, implicating neuronal-oligodendroglia incoordination.

Ravulizumab, a complement component 5 inhibitor, was approved for the treatment of adults with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive (AQP4-Ab+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) based on results of the primary treatment period (PTP) of CHAMPION-NMOSD, a phase 3, open-label, external placebo-controlled trial. Here, we report the final efficacy and safety results of CHAMPION-NMOSD (PTP and the long-term extension [LTE]). Adult patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD received an IV, weight-based loading dose of ravulizumab on day 1 and a maintenance dose on day 15 and every 8 weeks thereafter. After completion of the PTP (up to 2.5 years), patients could enter the LTE. The primary endpoint was time to first adjudicated on-trial relapse. The placebo group of the eculizumab phase 3 trial PREVENT was used as an external comparator because eculizumab availability at CHAMPION-NMOSD initiation precluded the use of concurrent placebo control. Of 58 patients enrolled in the trial, 56 entered and 55 completed the LTE. The overall median (range) follow-up was 170.3 (11.0-243.0) weeks, with 100.8 (53-137) weeks during the LTE. No patient receiving ravulizumab had an adjudicated on-trial relapse throughout the PTP (84.0 patient-years) and LTE (105.7 patient-years); relative reduction in risk of relapse vs placebo (n = 47) was 98.9% (95% CI 91.8-100; p < 0.0001). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious TEAEs were reported in 94.8% and 27.6% of patients, respectively, during the PTP and LTE. Most TEAEs were grade 1 and unrelated to ravulizumab. One patient discontinued ravulizumab because of TEAEs. Two cases of meningococcal infection occurred during the PTP; none occurred in the LTE. One death due to hypertensive heart disease (unrelated to ravulizumab) occurred during the LTE. Long-term ravulizumab treatment (median follow-up, >3 years) continued to show significant relapse risk reduction in patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD, and the safety profile was consistent with the known safety profile for ravulizumab. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04201262; EudraCT: 2019-003352-37. Submitted December 11, 2019. First patient enrolled: December 13, 2019. clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04201262. This study provides Class III evidence that long-term ravulizumab treatment, as compared with placebo, decreases the probability of clinical relapse in patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD.

Verbal workplace violence (WPV) is the most frequent form of aggression experienced by nurses and represents a significant psychosocial risk for professional well-being and workforce sustainability. Although individual resources such as self-efficacy and coping strategies may influence nurses' responses to verbal WPV, their role should be interpreted within the context of chronic occupational stress. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and characteristics of verbal WPV among Italian nurses and to investigate its associations with burnout, psychological distress, perceived self-efficacy, and coping strategies, comparing nurses exposed and not exposed to verbal WPV. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire. A convenience sample of 384 Italian nurses completed validated measures assessing exposure to verbal WPV, burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory), psychological distress (GHQ-12), perceived self-efficacy at work, and coping strategies (Brief COPE). Descriptive analyses, group comparisons, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression models were performed, stratified by exposure to verbal WPV. Overall, 34.4% of participants reported experiencing verbal WPV, most frequently in high-pressure clinical settings. Nurses exposed to verbal WPV reported lower levels of emotional exhaustion but slightly higher psychological distress compared with non-exposed nurses. They also reported higher perceived self-efficacy and greater use of problem-focused and cognitive coping strategies. Among exposed nurses, self-efficacy and coping strategies explained a substantial proportion of variance in exhaustion and disengagement, indicating complex and non-linear psychological adaptation processes. More linear occupational stress patterns emerged among non-exposed nurses. Verbal WPV is a pervasive occupational hazard in nursing and is associated with differentiated psychological adaptation processes rather than uniformly protective or detrimental outcomes. These findings indicate that organisations cannot rely solely on individual interventions and must take responsibility for preventing violence.