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Greater body weight and body mass index (BMI) are associated with worse clinical outcomes in knee osteoarthritis, but these anthropometric measures do not assess fat mass. We evaluated sex-specific relationships between total and visceral adiposity and clinical outcomes in knee osteoarthritis. Baseline data from all 144 participants with knee osteoarthritis (age 65±8 years, BMI 30.3±6.2kg/m-2, 64% female) enrolled in the FEAST randomised controlled trial were analysed. Adiposity measures (total fat mass, percent fat mass, visceral fat mass, percent visceral fat mass) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical outcomes included knee symptoms (five subscales of Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)), health-related quality-of-life (QoL) (EQ-5D) and functional performance (40m walk). Linear regression models with a sex*adiposity interaction term evaluated associations between adiposity measures and clinical outcomes. Significant sex*adiposity interactions were observed for KOOS-QoL and 40m walk, with higher percent body fat and percent visceral fat, respectively, associated with worse outcomes in females but not males (e.g. for KOOS-QoL 1-unit increase in percent body fat in females -1.2 (95%CI -1.8 to -0.6); males 0.1 (95%CI -0.9 to 1.1). While no significant interaction effect was observed for other comparisons, in females greater total and visceral fat mass were mostly consistently associated with worse clinical outcomes, which was generally not the case in males. Adiposity was associated with poorer outcomes, with significant sex-specific effects observed for knee-related QoL and functional performance for females but not males. While most outcomes did not demonstrate significant sex-interactions, effect estimates were typically larger and more consistent in females.
Multiple international growth reference systems exist for classifying child undernutrition and excess weight, yet different references yield systematically different prevalence estimates. This has important implications for surveillance in Pacific Islander populations, where both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and WHO references are used across jurisdictions. This study aimed to quantify classification discrepancies between WHO Growth Standards (ages 2-5 y), WHO Growth Reference (ages 6-8 y), and CDC Growth Charts (ages 2-8 y) in Pacific Islander children, and to assess implications for population health surveillance. This secondary cross-sectional analysis used 2014 data from the Children's Healthy Living Program (n = 5499 children aged 2-8 y from 11 Pacific jurisdictions). Weight and height were measured by trained, standardized measurers. Children were classified by each reference system using SAS programs provided by the WHO and CDC. Agreement was evaluated using McNemar's test, kappa coefficients, and percent agreement. Height-for-age agreement was high across both age groups (≥98.3%). BMI-for-age agreement differed substantially by age: poor for ages 2 to 5 y (kappa = 0.26; 85.5% agreement) and high for ages 6 to 8 y (kappa = 0.86; 97.9% agreement). For ages 2 to 5 y, the WHO classified 11 percentage points more children as overweight than the CDC. When identical percentile cutoffs were applied across reference datasets, prevalence differences narrowed substantially, indicating that most discrepancies result from differing classification criteria rather than reference population differences. Growth reference selection introduces systematic measurement bias into Pacific Islander child health surveillance. Surveillance systems should maintain reference consistency over time, explicitly report reference criteria, and consider dual reporting to enable valid temporal and geographic comparisons. Future research should evaluate which reference better predicts health outcomes in this population.
Amphibians in agricultural drainage ditches may be exposed to contaminants through runoff and subsurface drainage, which can result in toxicity. Understanding the agroecosystem management activities that can sustain healthy amphibian populations will support biodiversity and ecosystem services within intensive agricultural areas. This study examined how woody vegetation within agricultural areas is associated with water quality and amphibian health metrics. Cages containing northern leopard frog (Lithobates [Rana] pipiens) tadpoles were placed within nine agricultural ditches differing in their riparian vegetation height and percentage of surrounding forest cover for eight weeks (May-July) in an agriculturally dominated watershed in eastern Canada. Physicochemical water quality measurements and pesticide concentrations indicated that sites higher in percent forest cover (within 1 km radius) had lower specific conductance, atrazine, nitrate, and potassium concentrations. Percent forest cover was positively associated with tadpole growth (snout-to-vent length, tail length, mass) and riparian vegetation height positively related to tadpole development. Furthermore, glucose levels increased with forest cover, while corticosterone and hepatosomatic index remained unchanged, suggesting that elevated glucose was not strongly associated with chronic stress in this study. Finally, tested tadpoles were negative for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, B. salamandrivorans and Frog Virus 3, suggesting these pathogens are not currently a threat to these organisms at the sites tested. Collectively, our findings suggest forested habitats within intensive agroecosystems are critical landscape elements for reducing agrochemical exposure and improving tadpole health in drainage ditches, whereas woody riparian buffers provide limited additional benefits for aquatic stages, highlighting the importance of considering life-stage-specific responses.
To predict resumption of menses (ROM) in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Females aged 9-17 years with AN, receiving inpatient multimodal treatment (IMT) or family-based treatment (FBT) underwent assessments at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up (12FU). A menstrual questionnaire recorded date, weight and height at loss of menses (LOM) and ROM occurring up to 30 months after 12FU. A stepwise backward logistic regression analysis evaluated predictors for menstruation at 12FU. Among 99 females (age = 14.8 ± 1.7) with AN (restrictive = 85 [86%], binge-purge = 8 [8%], atypical = 6 [6%]), and percent median body mass index (%median BMI) = 78.9 [IQR = 74.3, 82.8] undergoing IMT (n = 50) or FBT (n = 49), 66 (66.7%) had at baseline secondary amenorrhoea, 26 (26.3%) were without menarche, 5 (5.1%) had regular menses, and 2 (2.0%) used contraceptives. At 12FU, menses were present in 45 (45.5%) patients and associated with baseline menarche (OR = 6.04, p = 0.002) and higher 12FU %mBMI (OR = 1.08, p = 0.006) (R2 = 0.251). After an average of 15 months of amenorrhoea [IQR = 12.0, 25.0] (n = 41 with information), %mBMI at ROM (92.0 [IQR = 86.6, 97.8], equalling BMI percentile = 25.0; range = 1-60), was 6.8 %mBMI units > LOM (85.2 [IQR = 79.9, 92.0]; p = 0.001), and 6.5 %mBMI units < premorbid %mBMI (98.5 [IQR = 94.1109.7]; p < 0.001). ROM follows weight recovery. Full restoration to premorbid BMI percentile is not necessary for ROM.
Integration of radiation oncology (RO) content into the educational offerings of other cancer specialty societies may improve the use of radiation therapy in guidelines-concordant care. However, minimal data describes the extent to which this occurs. This retrospective study assessed RO participation at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual meeting education sessions. The 2021-2024 ASCO annual meeting program guides were used to collect speaker names and specialties for all "Educational" and "Case-Based Panel" session types. The annual meeting education committee rosters from these same years were used to collect the names and specialties of committee members and leaders for each track to determine whether RO committee membership was associated with RO participation as a speaker in an education session. A total of 20% (n = 85/423) of education sessions included an RO speaker or moderator, comprising 6% of 1419 total speakers. RO participation was more common in Case-Based Panel sessions (n = 32/86, 37%) than in Educational sessions (n = 53/337, 16%). There was a decline in RO participation in Educational sessions from 22% in 2021 to 10% in 2024 (p < .0001), although RO participation in Case-Based Panel sessions remained stable over time (p = .62). Thirty-five percent (n = 30/85) of committee track-years included an RO committee member, and 8% (7/85) included an RO track leader. Ten percent (n = 39/411) of total committee members were radiation oncologists. Sixty percent (n = 51/85) of the annual meeting sessions that included an RO speaker were held in tracks with an RO education committee member. RO committee presence strongly correlated with RO speaker participation (odds ratio, 49.0; p < .0001). Radiation oncologists are uncommon speakers at ASCO annual meeting sessions and have low and declining rates of involvement in planning committees. Volunteering to participate in planning committees and submitting Case-Based Panel proposals may be reasonable approaches for radiation oncologists to increase their involvement and improve interdisciplinary education among oncologists in other specialties.
Rapid and reliable detection of respiratory infections can lead to better treatment decisions in outpatient environments. Numerous multiplex tests for diagnosis of respiratory infections are available for point-of-care (PoC) testing environments. This study evaluated the analytical and clinical performance of two commercially available tests: the Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus test and the Biofire Spotfire R/ST Panel Mini for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza (Flu)A, FluB, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Analytical sensitivity was evaluated using samples contrived at analyte concentrations near the tests' limits of detection. Additionally, 1577 clinical NPS specimens from patients of all ages were tested based on standard of care (SoC) results to evaluate relative clinical performance. Total percent agreement was calculated. Analytical performance of both assays aligned with data provided in the tests' respective package inserts. Clinical performance for all analytes was similar, with overall percent agreements of (SARS-CoV-2 98.7%, FluA 98.9%, FluB 99.9%, RSV 98.9%). The Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus test and Biofire Spotfire R/ST Panel Mini are highly accurate.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) allowed states to expand Medicaid to adults under 138 percent of the federal poverty line. Questions remain about how expansion influences health care utilization by Veterans already enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). To understand changes in VHA share of inpatient utilization among VHA-enrolled Veterans after Medicaid expansion. Sample included Veterans aged 18-64 from 2011 to 2016 enrolled in VHA. Outcomes included changes in VHA share of total VHA + Medicaid inpatient days, proportion with VHA and Medicaid inpatient dual use, total per-capita inpatient days, and likelihood of any inpatient visits, moderated by VHA priority group and race. We controlled for sex, age, year, health status, ethnicity, and VHA distance. Population included 17,573,731 person years, 1,808,321 with inpatient days. Expansion was associated with relative decreases in VHA share of inpatient days (-2.60 percentage points [95% confidence interval -3.38 to -1.81]) and increases in proportion of VHA-enrollees using both VA and Medicaid for inpatient care (1.17 pp [0.89 to 1.43]). While both per-capita inpatient days and proportion of VHA enrollees with at least one hospitalization decreased from 2011 to 2016, no statistically significant differences existed between expansion and non-expansion states. Low-income Veterans had larger decreases in the VHA share of inpatient days (-6.27 pp [-7.32 to -5.21]) associated with Medicaid expansion. No racial groups exhibited statistically significant differences. Medicaid expansion is associated with reductions in VHA share and increase in dual use of VHA-Medicaid inpatient services, but no changes in overall utilization.
The objective of this study is to investigate long-term temporal trends in the size and age structure of the population of women of reproductive age (WRA) in Greece. Data on the estimated mid-year WRA population (15-44 years) in Greece were obtained from the Hellenic Statistical Authority for the period 1956-2024. For each year, the percentage distribution of the WRA population across five-year age groups was calculated. Temporal trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression analysis, and annual percent changes (APCs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated. The WRA population in Greece fluctuated without a significant overall trend between 1956 and 1974, reaching 2,026,378 in 1968 and declining to 1,883,459 in 1974. Subsequently, it increased by 25% to a historic peak of 2,353,200 in 2000, with significant upward trends during 1974-1987 (APC = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.1 to 1.4) and 1987-1995 (APC = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.3 to 2.0). Since 2000, the WRA population has declined by 28%, reaching a historic low of 1,701,390 in 2024. The decline was modest during 2000-2010 (APC = -0.5, 95% CI: -0.5 to -0.4) but accelerated thereafter, with the WRA population decreasing by 24% between 2010 and 2024 at an almost exponential annual rate of 2.0%. Age-specific analysis revealed progressive aging of the WRA population. The modal age group shifted from 15-19 years during 1975-1988 to 40-44 years since 2010, highlighting a marked shift toward older reproductive ages. The WRA population in Greece entered a period of marked decline after reaching a historic peak in 2000, with an almost exponential decrease observed after 2010. Greece lost nearly one-quarter of its female population of childbearing age between 2010 and 2024. This demographic contraction was accompanied by pronounced aging of the WRA population, developments that are likely to substantially constrain the future annual number of births in the country.
Accurate and automated molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 has played an important role in routine clinical diagnostics and laboratory workflow management. This study evaluated the analytical characteristics of the NeuMoDx™ SARS-CoV-2 assay and compared its clinical detection performance with the BD MAX SARS-CoV-2 system. Analytical performance was assessed using AccuPlex™ SARS-CoV-2 reference materials for dilutional response, reproducibility, and analytical sensitivity evaluation, whereas clinical performance was evaluated using 84 nasopharyngeal swab specimens. The NeuMoDx™ assay demonstrated strong correlations between Ct values and viral RNA concentrations, with R² values of 0.9971 and 0.9952 for the N and Nsp2 targets, respectively. Intra-run precision showed low variability, with standard deviations of 0.23 and 0.34 at 500 copies/mL for the N and Nsp2 targets, respectively. Under the experimental conditions of this study, detectable amplification signals were observed at concentrations as low as 50 copies/mL using reference materials. Clinical comparison demonstrated a positive percent agreement (PPA) of 97.3% and a negative percent agreement (NPA) of 100% between the two systems. Positive specimens exhibited Ct values ranging from approximately 20 to 35. In pooling experiments, detectable amplification signals were observed at a dilution ratio of 1:5 using a representative specimen with a Ct value of approximately 30, although detection consistency decreased at higher dilution ratios. These findings provide additional analytical performance data for an automated SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic platform and contribute to the evaluation of automated PCR-based testing workflows.
Sebaceous adenitis (SA) is an idiopathic dermatological condition with numerous treatment modalities and variable clinical outcomes. No studies have compared breed response to therapies or evaluated owner perception of the disease. Goals of this retrospective analysis were to evaluate response to therapy in dogs with SA, identify if breed or treatment modality impacted therapeutic outcome and assess owner perception of response to implemented therapies. Medical records over a 10-year period from a multicentre veterinary dermatology group were evaluated and an owner survey was conducted. Response to therapy was based on percentage reduction in medication scores at the start of treatment compared to maintenance and the number of flares after attaining maintenance. Time to maintenance was calculated for each treatment modality category. Owner survey responses were compared to objective clinical response categories. One hundred and twenty-two dogs with SA were included; 35 respondents completed the survey. The number of cases in objective clinical response categories were as follows: excellent in 23 cases (18.9%), good in 36 (29.5%), fair in 26 (21.3%), no improvement in 13 (10.7%) and progressive in 23 (18.9%). Medication score differences by breed were not statistically significant (p-value 0.114). Dogs treated with multimodal therapy achieved maintenance the fastest. Thirty-nine percent of dogs experienced a flare after reaching maintenance. Owner perceptions did not align significantly with objective response categories. In SA, therapeutic outcomes cannot be predicted based on breed or treatment modality, confirming the need for tailored case management and medication adjustments based on individual treatment response.
There is a concerning trend of misinformation of healthcare related content on social media. Recent studies have examined themes and narratives about Crohn's disease but have not quantitatively assessed the accuracy and quality of content on Instagram Reels. Our aim was to assess the quality and accuracy of Instagram Reels about Crohn's disease and examine differences in content by type of creator, from medical professionals to lay individuals. Seventy-eight top-viewed English-language Instagram Reels tagged with "#crohns" were evaluated. Videos were categorized by creator and content type. Two reviewers evaluated each video for accuracy and quality using an adapted harm/benefit score and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, respectively. Seventeen percent of videos were created by medical professionals and 83% by non-medical users. Educational content was significantly more common among medical professionals than other content creators (62% vs 23%; P = 0.005). No significant correlation was found between engagement metrics and either JAMA or harm/benefit scores. Medical professionals had significantly higher JAMA scores than non-medical users (2.5 vs 2, P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in harm/benefit scores between groups (0 vs 0, P = 0.9601). Videos offering medical advice had the lowest median harm/benefit score (-1), with frequent misinformation noted. Forty-two percent of harmful videos were created by medical professionals. The average Instagram Reel about Crohn's disease was of moderate quality and neutral impact. Accuracy or quality was unrelated to video popularity. While videos by medical professionals had higher JAMA scores, this did not correspond to greater accuracy. Medical advice videos by medical professionals were not more accurate than those by non-medical creators, and multiple harmful videos were created by medical professionals, underscoring the need for critical evaluation of Crohn's disease-related social media content.
To present safety and effectiveness data on a real-world retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) telemedicine screening model in Northern Ireland and to evaluate a novel virtual multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach to ROP decision-making. Data were collected on all ROP screens performed in Northern Ireland between May 1, 2023, and October 31, 2023. A total of 431 screens (N = 127 infants) were undertaken: 250 by imagers only, 40 by both imagers and ophthalmologists using binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, and 141 by ophthalmologists only. A survey of MDT members (n = 17) assessed the perceived value of the virtual MDT model. Fifty-eight percent of screens were completed by ROP imagers, with 98.2% sensitivity in detecting any ROP, 100% sensitivity in detecting treatment-warranted ROP, and 100% specificity of determining absence of ROP. Ninety-eight percent of imaging screens were tolerated by infants. The MDT survey demonstrated favorable feedback, including how TeleROP-NI increases the likelihood of trainees undertaking ROP screening. This study confirms that the TeleROP-NI significantly reduced ophthalmologist workload and streamlined organizational barriers. Imaging of infants by nonclinicians is a safe and valuable practice, which allows an MDT approach to collective decision-making when treating patients in an area of medicine with serious clinical and medicolegal implications if disease is missed.
Invasive intracoronary imaging represents the gold standard for identifying vulnerable coronary plaques, but it is not suitable for widespread clinical use. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) may offer a noninvasive alternative. This study aims to integrate coronary CTA-derived plaque morphology, pericoronary inflammation, and plaque burden into a unified morphology-inflammation-burden (MIB) score and to evaluate its association with plaque vulnerability and clinical outcomes. Patients undergoing coronary CTA followed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were followed for a median of 31 months. High-risk plaque, pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation, and total plaque burden (TPB) were quantified and compared with invasive imaging. A vulnerable lesion was defined as ≥2 vulnerability features on OCT. A total of 438 patients (median age 67 years) and 1,038 plaques were included; 45.4% presented with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. High-risk plaque, elevated pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation, and high TPB were independently associated with OCT-defined vulnerability (P < 0.05 for all). TPB correlated with IVUS percent atheroma volume (Pearson's r = 0.69; P < 0.001). The MIB score demonstrated a stepwise increase in vulnerability, exceeding a predicted risk of 90% in the highest category. Vulnerable patients, defined by the presence of ≥1 untreated lesion with a high MIB score, had a significantly higher rate of cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, or revascularization (15.3% vs 4.4%; P < 0.001). A coronary CTA-derived MIB score correlates with plaque vulnerability by intracoronary imaging and identifies patients at increased risk for adverse events. These findings support the value of coronary CTA for noninvasive risk stratification in clinical practice. (Massachusetts General Hospital and Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Coronary Imaging Collaboration; NCT04523194).
Pain is highly prevalent among hospitalised adults, and in Italy Law 38/2010 mandates its assessment and relief. We aimed to estimate pain prevalence and severity among adult inpatients and identify factors associated with moderate-to-severe pain and satisfaction with pain management in a university hospital. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in May 2023 at IRCCS Policlinico San Donato using a structured questionnaire in adult inpatients hospitalised for at least 24 hours. Multivariable logistic regression explored factors associated with pain severity and satisfaction. Among the 229 patients interviewed, 84% reported pain at the time of the interview, with 52.4% experiencing moderate pain and 9.6% severe pain. Pain in the previous 24 hours was associated with moderate-to-severe pain at the time of the interview and lower satisfaction with care. Thirty-two percent were aware of Law 38/2010, and awareness was associated with lower pain severity and higher satisfaction. Pain remains highly prevalent among adult inpatients. Experiencing pain in the previous 24 hours was associated with greater severity and lower satisfaction, suggesting the importance of timely and consistent pain assessment and relief throughout hospitalisation.
Gender bias remains an issue in sports physiotherapy, influencing women's career progression and participation in scientific settings. To investigate the experiences, perceptions, and trajectories of Brazilian female sports physiotherapists and identify gender-related barriers and facilitators across education, professional practice, and research. A cross-sectional online survey assessed demographics, career paths, and perceptions of gender bias among women sports physiotherapists in Brazil. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, and qualitative responses underwent thematic and lexical analyses. A total of 157 women sports physiotherapists (32.4 ± 7.5 years) participated. Two-thirds reported hearing during undergraduate studies that sports physiotherapy was not for women. Seventy percent identified being a woman as a barrier, and over 90% perceived unequal opportunities. Sexism was frequent, with 60% reporting harassment, 74% misogyny, and over 60% mansplaining or manterrupting. Although 80% expressed interest in lecturing at conferences, only 60% had done so. Early-career professionals had higher odds of entering the field and receiving faculty encouragement, whereas mid- to late-career professionals were more likely to hold postgraduate degrees and lecture at conferences. Gender-related barriers persist across career stages, while sports experience and mentorship act as facilitators, reinforcing the need for equity-promoting policies.
Three-dimensional assessment of fetal cortical morphology from MRI is essential for understanding early brain neurodevelopment. However, measurement can be affected by fetal imaging quality, number and selection of available stacks, and reconstruction methods. We evaluated the within-session reliability of an automated cortical morphometry pipeline in 30 typically developing fetuses [22-36 weeks gestational age (GA)]. For each subject, two disjoint subsets of 2D T2-weighted stacks (no shared stacks) were independently reconstructed into 3D volumes using the Neural Slice-to-Volume Reconstruction (NeSVoR) and the Slice-to-Volume Reconstruction Toolkit (SVRTK). Cortical plate volume, surface area, mean sulcal depth, and absolute mean curvature were extracted, and measurement reliability was assessed using absolute percent difference (APD) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Multiple linear regression evaluated the effects of mean stack quality, quality difference between subsets, stack count, and GA on measurement reliability. NeSVoR-derived metrics showed high reliability for all measures (mean APD < 3%, ICC > 0.99). SVRTK-derived metrics were also robust (mean APD < 5%, ICC > 0.97). Reliability increased with greater stack count and older GA in NeSVoR, and with higher mean stack quality in SVRTK. These results demonstrate that automated cortical morphometry from fetal MRI yields highly consistent measurements of volumetric and surface metrics within the proposed within-session design, once minimum levels of image quality and stack count are met. This study proposes a within-session benchmark for automated fetal cortical measurements and underscores that systematic reliability assessment is essential for confident application of automated pipelines in fetal neuroimaging.
Obtaining data from dentists at medical dental organizations in various regions of the Russian Federation on issues related to professional oral hygiene. A survey was conducted among 600 dentists at dental organizations of various types in five regions of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Omsk, Ryazan, Samara, and Tambov). The questionnaire included general questions, questions on how to organize patient interactions during professional oral hygiene, and questions specific to performing professional oral hygiene. Over 50% of the respondents were general practitioners and dentists, while the remaining 37.4% specialized in pediatric dentistry, surgical dentistry, and orthopedic dentistry. Over 69% of specialists reported a high level of availability of visual aids for demonstrating oral hygiene rules at their workplaces. Forty percent of specialists in Moscow are fully equipped with everything necessary for oral hygiene, exceeding the results obtained in a survey of dentists in other regions. A significant number of patients with signs of gingivitis and periodontitis remain, with over 72.7% of respondents indicating that they perform oral hygiene specifically for this category of patients. The most common strategies for removing mineralized plaque by dentists in dental facilities across the Russian Federation include ultrasonic scalers, Air-Flow technology, and circular brushes with pastes of varying abrasiveness. The Vector system is more accessible to dentists in larger cities. Perio tips, glycine/erythritol powders, and hand curettes are used by an average of 8.5% of specialists. The primary approach to improving and maintaining oral hygiene will likely remain individualized recommendations from a dentist tailored to the patient's needs, as noted by 32.8% of respondents. Получение данных от стоматологов медицинских стоматологических организаций различных регионов РФ по вопросам, связанным с проведением профессиональной гигиены (ПГ) рта. Проведено анкетирование 600 стоматологов медицинских стоматологических организаций разных форм собственности в пяти субъектах РФ (Москва, Омск, Рязань, Самара, Тамбов). В анкету были включены общие вопросы, вопросы организации работы с пациентами при проведении профессиональной гигиены ПГ рта и вопросы, касающиеся выполнения ПГ рта. Более 50% врачей, принявших участие в анкетировании, представлены стоматологами-терапевтами и стоматологами общей практики, остальные 37,4% респондентов имели специализацию «стоматология детская», «стоматология хирургическая» и «стоматология ортопедическая». Более 69% специалистов сообщили о высокой обеспеченности наглядными средствами для демонстрации правил гигиенического ухода на своих рабочих местах. Полностью оснащены всем необходимым для проведения ПГ рта 40% специалистов из Москвы, что превысило результаты, полученные при анкетировании стоматологов из других регионов. Сохраняется значительное число пациентов с признаками гингивита и пародонтита, более 72,7% респондентов отмечают, что выполняют ПГ именно больным данной категории. Наиболее распространенными стратегиями для снятия минерализованных зубных отложений стоматологами в медицинских стоматологических организациях регионов РФ являются использование УЗ-скейлеров и обработка с использованием технологии Air-Flow и циркулярных щеток с пастой разной абразивности. Применение системы Vector более доступно стоматологам в более крупных городах. ПЕРИО-насадки и порошки глицина/эритритола, ручные кюреты используют в среднем 8,5% специалистов. Основным подходом для повышения и поддержания уровня гигиены рта, скорее всего, останется индивидуально подобранные по потребностям пациента рекомендации стоматолога, как отметили 32,8% респондентов.
Objectives. To examine formal public health educational attainment in state health agency and local health department employees in 2024 and to discuss implications for public health workforce development. Methods. Using data (n = 56 238, unweighted; n = 236 575, weighted) from the 2024 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey, collected between September 2024 and January 2025, we made inferential comparisons using Rao-Scott adjusted χ2 and fit a logit regression that examined graduate public health degree attainment. Results. Twenty-two percent (12 238/56 238, unweighted; 51 783/236 575, weighted) reported having a public health degree; that proportion is closer to one half among those aged 35 years and younger in the public health sciences. Of public health worker subpopulations, those younger than 50 years old, Asian employees, Black employees, and nonmale staff members (women and other genders) were significantly more likely to have a public health graduate degree than the reference groups. Conclusions. The majority of public health workers do not have public health degrees. Public Health Implications. On-the-job training support should be coupled with deepening academic-practice pathways to ensure the workforce is prepared. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 18, 2026:e1-e8. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308453).
This study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP) screening questionnaire and assess its validity and reliability. This cross-sectional study included a total of 60 patients (16 males, 44 females; mean age: 50.9±17.3 years; range, 19 to 84 years) admitted to a Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic  between January 2016 and June 2016. Backward and forward translation of AAOP questionnaire was performed in both languages. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was used to as a reference standard. Validity was assessed with internal construct and criterion validity. Reliability was evaluated with test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Fifty-seven percent of the patients were classified as having a temporomandibular disorder. The factor analysis yielded three components that explained 63.8% of the variance. The internal consistency of the AAOP questionnaire was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha value=0.781). The correlation coefficient for the intra- and interrater reliability were found as 0.740 and 0.713, respectively. The Turkish version of the AAOP screening questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for screening of patients admitted to physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinics with a good internal consistency, intra- and interrater reliability.