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The environmental safety of genetically engineered (GE) crops expressing insecticidal proteins remains debated, partly because observed biological effects are often difficult to distinguish from natural variation in plant genetic background. Here, we conducted a 21-day chronic feeding experiment to assess the effects of two Bt maize lines expressing three insecticidal proteins on the aquatic model organism Daphnia magna. Individuals were exposed to four ecologically relevant maize materials (pollen, leaves, flour, and straw leachate), alongside near-isogenic non-engineered controls and eight conventional maize varieties used to establish a natural variation baseline. Protein concentrations varied substantially among tissues and between maize lines. However, life-table responses of D. magna, including survival, reproduction, and growth, were more strongly influenced by plant genetic background than by the presence of insecticidal proteins. Importantly, nearly all response values observed under exposure to Bt maize fell within the natural variation range defined by conventional varieties. These results indicate that the tested maize lines do not cause biologically meaningful effects beyond the variability inherent to conventional crops. More broadly, this study demonstrates that incorporating natural variation baselines provides a robust and generalizable framework for distinguishing trait-related effects from background variability, thereby improving the scientific basis of environmental risk assessment for GE crops.

Mechanical stimuli such as wind elicit rapid electrical signals in plants, yet the mechanisms underlying these responses remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the electrophysiological responses of young poplar trees to controlled stem bending. We identified a gradual potential (GP), distinct from classical action potentials, whose attenuation and propagation distance depend strongly on stimulus speed and intensity. While the maximal GP amplitude recorded near the bending site remained stable across stimulation conditions, slower or gentler flexions resulted in faster spatial decay and shorter propagation distances. Similar GP responses were elicited by stem bending and by direct root pressurization, indicating a coupling between hydraulic perturbations and electrical signaling. Although GP propagation and attenuation are consistent with a diffusive pressure signal, key features-such as the invariance of peak amplitude at generation site and progressive waveform narrowing-cannot be explained by hydraulic diffusion alone and point to a nonlinear transduction process. Together, these results constrain the biophysical mechanisms underlying mechanically induced electrical signaling in trees and provide a framework for future studies addressing their physiological relevance.

There is no consensus on staging and surveillance imaging for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Although imaging has been shown to affect management, broad recommendations from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network have led to variability in clinical practice. To develop multidisciplinary consensus recommendations on the use of staging and surveillance imaging of localized CSCC. A multidisciplinary expert panel across academic and clinical practice settings convened a Delphi consensus, with 3 iterative survey rounds from January to June 2025. Data were analyzed from February 2025 to January 2026. Eligibility defined by at least 1 to 2 CSCC publications during the previous 5 years, involvement in a relevant clinical trial, experience treating at least 3 patients monthly with CSCC, and/or 5 years or longer of clinical practice. Fifty-four experts were invited and 45 (83%) completed all 3 rounds and were included in the final analysis. Structured Delphi surveys evaluated clinical scenarios, imaging modalities, and surveillance strategies for CSCC. Consensus and near-consensus recommendations were generated, defined as 80% or greater and 70% to 79% agreement, respectively. The 45 participants (21 female individuals [47%] and 24 male individuals [53%]; 14 Asian individuals [31%], 1 multiracial individual [2%], and 30 White individuals [67%]) consisted of dermatology (15 [33%]), medical oncology (7 [16%]), radiation oncology (9 [20%]), radiology (9 [20%]), surgery (3 [7%]), and otolaryngology specialists (2 [4%]). The Delphi panel recommended staging and surveillance for CSCCs with at least a 15% risk of metastasis. Consensus or near consensus was reached to recommend staging and surveillance imaging for tumors with a concern for metastasis, bone invasion, invasion beyond subcutaneous fat, large-caliber nerve invasion, or a diameter of 4 cm or larger or the combination of tumors with poorly differentiated histology and any of the following: diameter of 2 cm or larger, lymphovascular invasion and subcutaneous fat invasion, or lymphovascular invasion and small-caliber perineural invasion. Computed tomography imaging was the preferred modality for nodal staging (38 [84%]) and surveillance (35 [78%]). For surveillance duration, consensus was reached to provide imaging for at least 2 years, and near consensus was reached for at least 3 years. This study provides an expert consensus-based framework to standardize imaging in localized CSCC that may inform future guidelines.

β-Ga2O3 holds great promise in deep-ultraviolet optoelectronics, photocatalysis, solar cells, and power electronics due to its superior properties. In this work, the electronic and optical evolution in transition metal impurities (TMI, Cu, Ag, Au)-hyperdoped β-Ga2O3 (1.25-6.25 at%) have been investigated using first-principles calculations. The results show that oxygen-rich conditions favor dopant incorporation, with Cu exhibiting the lowest formation energy across all concentrations, indicating superior thermodynamic stability. Crucially, high-concentration doping introduces impurity levels above the valence band maximum that shift progressively toward the valence band edge with increasing concentration, significantly reducing ionization energies. This behavior arises from d-p orbital hybridization and leads to the formation of discrete intermediate bands rather than metallization. Spin-polarized calculations show that Cu doping induces ferromagnetism, Ag doping is non-magnetic, and Au doping exhibits weak antiferromagnetism. Consequently, the optical absorption edge undergoes a pronounced redshift, extending light harvesting from the ultraviolet to the visible-near-infrared range. The optical absorption edge redshifts from ultraviolet to visible-near-infrared, showing distinct dopant-dependent anisotropic responses. These findings establish quantitative concentration-performance relationships for optimizing hyperdoping strategies. Calculations used the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP) with modified Becke-Johnson (MBJ) functional and plane-wave basis set (420 eV cutoff). A 2 × 2 × 2 supercell (160 atoms) employed a 6 × 4 × 12 k-mesh. Formation energies evaluated under O-rich/Ga-rich limits for substitutional doping at Ga1 (tetrahedral) and Ga2 (octahedral) sites. Electronic structure analysis included band structure, projected density of states, and charge analysis. Optical properties computed via dielectric function formalism within independent-particle approximation. Phonon calculations confirmed dynamical stability across all concentrations.

Super large-bore aspiration catheters have emerged as promising tools for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). The Route 92 Reperfusion System utilizes super large-bore catheters with specialized delivery mechanisms to maximize first-pass effect (FPE) and reperfusion rates.&#xa0;To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Route 92 super large bore reperfusion System in treating AIS-LVO.&#xa0;Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we searched five databases from inception through December 2025. Studies evaluating Route 92 Reperfusion System outcomes in AIS-LVO patients were included. Primary outcomes were FPE and functional independence (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2). Secondary outcomes included successful reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) scores), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), mortality, and adverse events. Random-effects models were used for all analyses.&#xa0;Seven studies comprising 490 patients were included. In comparative analyses, Route 92 (0.088") demonstrated significantly higher FPE rates (risk difference (RD): 0.18, number needed to treat (NNT)&#x2009;=&#x2009;6, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.001) and near-complete reperfusion (RD: 0.23, NNT&#x2009;=&#x2009;4, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.0005) compared to other techniques. Single-arm analyses showed 56% achieved FPE, 94% achieved near-complete to complete reperfusion, and 43% achieved functional independence at follow-up. The system demonstrated favorable safety with 3% sICH rate and 20% mortality. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores improved significantly (mean difference (MD): -9.55, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.00001).&#xa0;The Route 92 Reperfusion System achieves high rates of FPE and successful reperfusion with acceptable safety profiles. Future RCTs is warranted to support these findings.

When collaborative learning facilitates learning, remains a central question in educational research. Grounded in cognitive load theory, this study examined whether the effectiveness of collaborative, relative to individual, learning from worked-examples is jointly moderated by learners' experimentally induced task-specific prior knowledge and task complexity. A 2 (task-specific prior knowledge: low vs. high)&#x202f;&#xd7;&#x202f;2 (task complexity: low vs. high)&#x202f;&#xd7;&#x202f;2 (learning condition: individual vs. collaborative) mixed design was employed, with task complexity as a within-subjects factor. A total of 134 fifth-grade students participated in the study. They studied mathematical worked-examples of varying complexity, either individually or collaboratively, and then completed near-transfer and far-transfer tests as well as cognitive load ratings. Results showed a significant three-way interaction among task-specific prior knowledge, task complexity, and learning condition for near-transfer, indicating that the effect of learning condition depended jointly on learners' task-specific prior knowledge and task complexity. Specifically, under high task complexity, collaborative learning outperformed individual learning among learners with high task-specific prior knowledge, whereas no stable collaborative advantage was found for learners with low task-specific prior knowledge. For far-transfer, the main effects of task-specific prior knowledge and task complexity were significant, whereas the main effect of learning condition and all interaction effects did not reach statistical significance. Thus, collaborative learning did not show a stable advantage in far-transfer tasks. The cognitive load results provided supportive evidence for understanding the differences in transfer performance: students in the collaborative learning condition reported lower subjective cognitive load than those in the individual learning condition, and high complexity tasks elicited higher cognitive load than low complexity tasks. Overall, the findings suggest that the effectiveness of collaboration in learning from worked-examples is conditional rather than universal. Its benefits depend on the fit between task complexity and learners' task-specific prior knowledge. The study provides empirical evidence on the boundary conditions of collaborative learning in elementary mathematics instruction through worked examples and contributes to a better understanding of when collaborative learning is most effective.

In 2019, the Philippines enacted the National Integrated Cancer Control Act (NICCA) to decentralise cancer care. However, implementation remains limited by a lack of data to guide effective resource allocation. This study provides high-resolution, quantitative baseline data of radiotherapy (RT) accessibility in Luzon, the country's largest island group, to identify priority areas for infrastructure development. A cross-sectional geospatial analysis for 698 municipalities was conducted using the Enhanced Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (E2SFCA) model, integrating provider capacity, population demand and calibrated travel time. Access was modelled under two scenarios: one including all 43 RT facilities and another restricted to the 12 public centres. To quantify financial toxicity, we developed a novel metric, the travel-cost-to-wage ratio. We performed spatial autocorrelation and multivariable regression analyses to identify geographic clusters and key determinants of access. Profound inequities in RT access were identified. Considering all facilities, 240 municipalities (34.4%) home to 7.5 million people, had no potential access within a 120-minute catchment. The public-only scenario revealed a near-total system inadequacy, with 12.2 million people lacking access. Spatial analysis confirmed a stark core-periphery pattern, with a well-served core centred around the national capital and along the primary north-south expressway network, contrasted with vast, statistically significant 'RT deserts' in outlying regions. For 4.9 million people, a single round-trip to the nearest public facility costs more than a day's minimum wage; this travel-cost-to-wage ratio was the strongest predictor of access (odds ratio = 0.83, p < 0.001). Spatial access to RT in Luzon is profoundly inequitable, characterised by a stark core-periphery pattern and an inadequate public system that leaves millions reliant on private care or entirely without access. This study provides a data-driven roadmap to guide the strategic implementation of NICCA, ensuring that future resource allocation targets the identified RT deserts to address these critical gaps in cancer care.

Singlet fission is a multiple-exciton-generation process that could dramatically improve photovoltaic efficiencies or enable quantum-information processing. Because it usually occurs among distinct molecules, it relies on the energy-level alignment and aggregate structure of its host material. These dual requirements severely restrict the known singlet-fission materials (primarily acenes, rylenes, and carotenoids) to those that serendipitously adopt favorable aggregate structures and singlet/triplet energy-level alignment. Programmable DNA-scaffolded molecular networks decouple these constraints, tuning energy levels by modular chromophore selection while controlling the aggregate structure through DNA origami. However, a theoretical framework is needed to optimize the design. We introduce a topological framework based on simplicial complexes and Hodge theory that captures a fundamental feature of singlet fission: that the singlet states reside on vertices while triplet-pair states reside on edges, making singlet fission an inherently vertex-to-edge conversion. This insight shifts the focus from pair-interactions to collective network arrangements, whose control is a strength of DNA nanotechnology. We apply this framework to five lattice structures (linear, square, honeycomb, Kagom&#xe9;, and Lieb) parameterized with reported pentacene, diketopyrrolopyrrole, and perylene diimide values. The lattice structure multiplies the singlet-fission efficiency, with the Kagom&#xe9; lattice providing approximately a 2&#xd7; enhancement. Three features explain this advantage: triangular 2-simplices with correlated multi-channel pathways, the highest edge/vertex ratio among all lattices studied, and flatband exciton localization near fission-active motifs. These predictions are testable by 2D electronic spectroscopy on DNA-scaffolded chromophore networks.

Iatrogenic disruption of the clavicular nutrient artery during fracture fixation has been implicated in non-union. Population-specific data on nutrient foramen location are lacking for Indian skeletal collections. This study characterises clavicular nutrient foramina in an institutional dry bone series and benchmarks the findings against published international data. 121 unpaired dry adult human clavicles (60 right, 61 left) of unknown age and sex were examined. Foramen count, surface location (inferior/posterior/superior/anterior), total clavicular length (TL), distance of the foramen from the sternal end (DNF), and foraminal index (FI&#x2009;=&#x2009;DNF/TL &#xd7; 100) were recorded. Segment classification (medial/middle/lateral third) was based on FI tertiles (0-33%, 33-66%, 66-100%), following the convention of Hughes [8], which allows comparison across bones of different total lengths. Categorical variables (foramen count, surface distribution) were compared between sides using Fisher's exact test; continuous variables (TL, DNF, FI) were compared using independent-samples t-tests (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). 146 foramina were identified; 114 clavicles (94.2%) bore at least one foramen. Single foramina predominated (76.9%; 95% CI 68.6-83.5%); seven clavicles (5.8%) had none. Surface analysis revealed near-equal inferior (48.6%; 95% CI 40.7-56.7%) and posterior (49.3%; 95% CI 41.3-57.3%) distribution. Middle-third localisation was observed in 98.2% of foraminated clavicles (FI 33-66%). Mean TL was 138.5&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;11.3&#xa0;mm; mean DNF 72.1&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;12.1&#xa0;mm; mean FI 52.1&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;7.9%. No significant bilateral asymmetry was detected in FI (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.728) or DNF (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.091). This institutional dry bone series confirms middle-third predominance and identifies near-equal inferior and posterior surface distribution-a pattern also reported by a second independent South Indian study. These findings suggest that both inferior and posterior surfaces of the clavicular midshaft may warrant surgical awareness in this population. Direct clinical recommendations require validation through vascular or biomechanical studies.

The Mre11/Rad50 (MR) complex uses ATP binding and hydrolysis to coordinate the recognition and processing of DNA double-strand breaks. Although Mre11 and DNA stimulate the relatively slow ATPase activity of Rad50, the mechanism by which this occurs remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we investigated a basic patch on bacteriophage T4 Rad50, consisting of Arg154, Arg155, and Lys156, that was predicted to contribute to DNA binding. Mutation of these residues caused only modest changes in DNA affinity, indicating that this region is unlikely to function primarily as a direct DNA-contact surface. In contrast, the effects on ATP hydrolysis were pronounced. R154A and the TripleA mutant displayed strong ATPase activation in the presence of Mre11 alone, approaching the activity of the WT MR complex bound to DNA. DNA titrations further showed that these mutants were relatively insensitive to increasing dsDNA concentrations, consistent with a shift in the conformational equilibrium toward an ATPase-active-like state. However, ATP-dependent stimulation of repetitive nucleotide excision was reduced for all mutants, with the strongest defect observed for TripleA, indicating that enhanced ATP hydrolysis alone is not sufficient to support processive nuclease activity. A mutation at Asp479 had a related but distinct effect, supporting long-range coupling within the T4 MR complex. Overall, the results support a model in which a basic patch near the base of the Rad50 coiled-coils contributes to an allosteric pathway linking Mre11 and DNA engagement with productive ATP hydrolysis and its coupling to nuclease output.

Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are key contributors to dental caries within a broader polymicrobial biofilm community, driving pathogenicity through biofilm and dental plaque formation rather than direct tissue invasion. Probiotic-based strategies that target colonization rather than viability represent a promising non-antibiotic approach to caries prevention. Streptococcus thermophilus is a food-grade organism with established GRAS status and a long history of safe human consumption, yet it remains largely unexplored as an oral care ingredient. In this study, two S. thermophilus strains - DM287, isolated from a commercially available yogurt product, and DM294, isolated from the tongue coat of healthy adults - were characterized for anti-cariogenic activity through mechanisms independent of major pathogen abundance reduction. Both strains reduced plaque mass by approximately 75%-80% in a wire model assay and suppressed S. mutans and S. sobrinus biofilm biomass to near-baseline levels, while planktonic growth suggested that the observed effects were not primarily driven by bactericidal activity. Adhesion inhibition assays showed 32%-64% reduction in pathogen adhesion under protection conditions and 72%-76% under displacement conditions. Competitive colonization assays demonstrated that both strains increased surface attachment in pathogen-conditioned environments (fold change > 1.0), consistent with competitive displacement behavior. RT-qPCR analysis of S. mutans biofilms co-cultured with either strain revealed significant downregulation of gtfB and gtfC - key glucosyltransferase genes encoding the EPS synthetic machinery central to biofilm structure - with reductions of approximately 34%-63% depending on the strain and time point, suggesting transcriptional suppression of biofilm-associated virulence as a contributing mechanism. EPS quantification by phenol-sulfuric acid assay further demonstrated that both strains reduced EPS production by 80%-90%, a magnitude comparable to chlorhexidine and substantially exceeding that of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. Taken together, these findings suggest that S. thermophilus DM287 and DM294 are biocompatible candidate strains with promising anti-biofilm potential for oral care applications, pending further validation.

Urethrocutaneous fistula is a recognized but uncommon complication of male circumcision. While most fistulas are small, giant urethrocutaneous fistulas associated with complete urinary diversion are exceedingly rare and present significant functional and reconstructive challenges. A 3-year-old male presented with complete urinary diversion through an abnormal ventral penile opening since neonatal circumcision performed by a traditional circumciser. The abnormal opening was first noted on the second postoperative day. Examination revealed a giant urethrocutaneous fistula measuring approximately 3&#xa0;&#xd7;&#xa0;2.5 cm at the coronal sulcus, with a non-functional but non-stenotic distal urethral meatus, which was easily calibrated with an 8 Fr nasogastric tube. The patient underwent single-stage repair with two-layer urethral closure over an 8 Fr catheter, distal glans undermining, and vascularized dartos flap interposition. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. At 1 year follow-up, the child voided with a single forward urinary stream without recurrence or cosmetic deformity. Male circumcision is common and generally safe. However, complications can occur, including urethrocutaneous fistula, a rare but serious outcome, especially in neonates or when performed by untrained providers. Most fistulas are small and present with dual urinary streams. In contrast, giant fistulas with near-complete urinary diversion are extremely rare and difficult to repair. These injuries may result from urethral trauma, devascularization, or infection. Optimal management remains uncertain. We report a giant circumcision-related urethrocutaneous fistula successfully treated with single-stage multilayer urethroplasty reinforced by a dartos flap interposition. Giant urethrocutaneous fistula is a rare but severe iatrogenic complication of circumcision. In selected cases, single-stage multilayer repair, reinforced with dartos flap interposition, can achieve excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes.

Dollar spot, caused by Clarireedia spp., is one of the most destructive diseases of amenity turfgrass worldwide and is increasingly difficult to manage due to fungicide resistance, regulatory constraints, and limited alternative control options. Manipulation of phylloplane surface pH has been used in some crops as a non-conventional disease management strategy, but its efficacy and practical limitations in turfgrass systems are poorly understood. Field experiments were conducted in Madison, WI, USA, during the 2023 and 2024 growing seasons to evaluate whether repeated applications of alkaline compounds could suppress dollar spot and to optimize application strategies for turfgrass managers. Treatments delivering &#x2265;30 kg ha&#x207b;&#xb9; CaCO&#x2083;-equivalent alkalinity consistently suppressed dollar spot by >90% relative to non-treated controls, whereas acidic and pH-neutral treatments provided little to no disease control. Dollar spot severity was negatively correlated with both phylloplane pH (R&#xb2; = 0.76) and treatment alkalinity (R&#xb2; = 0.90), with marked disease reductions occurring at phylloplane pH values near 9. Weekly reapplications provided the most consistent disease suppression but also increased the risk of short-term phytotoxicity, highlighting a trade-off between efficacy and turf aesthetics. These results demonstrate that application of alkaline products can effectively suppress dollar spot and represents a promising alternative disease management strategy, although mitigation of phytotoxicity will be critical for broader adoption in amenity turfgrass systems.

The convergence of molecular dynamics simulations and machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) promises density functional theory (DFT) level accuracy at near-classical force-field computational costs. However, while the average fidelity to reference energies and forces approaches perfection, several failure modes limit MLIP reliability in production simulations. These include spurious bond formation, inconsistent reproduction of long-range interactions, and inconsistent spin-state references. Here, the origins of these behaviors are studied by benchmarking the UMA, ORB, MACE, and AIMNet2 models against reference DFT bond dissociation curves for an illustrative range of species. These benchmarks reveal that models without explicit atomic charge resolution predict spurious stable bonds between like-charged halide anions, effectively transmuting two Cl- ions into neutral Cl2. Models with atomic partial charge equilibration correctly predict repulsion in these systems. Conversely, several secondary limitations are exposed in these benchmarks, including inconsistent agreement with unrestricted DFT (uDFT) versus restricted DFT (rDFT) energies and inconsistent core-region treatment. This comparative analysis suggests that, while artifacts related to core repulsion and asymptotic electrostatics are readily repairable through improved physical priors and better data curation, the issue of spurious bond formation is intrinsic to the inability of global charge specification to disambiguate similar local geometries at different charge and spin states.

The public release of DeepSeek marked a key turning point for generative artificial intelligence (GAI) uptake in China. This study assessed the so-called "DeepSeek effect" on Chinese academic critical care physicians (defined as clinicians with formal concurrent clinical, educational and research duties), comparing changes in self-reported GAI proficiency, clinical practice integration and structured training before and after the model's launch. We conducted a national online convenience cross-sectional study of two independent physician cohorts from Chinese tertiary hospitals: a pre-DeepSeek cohort surveyed in December 2024 (n&#x202f;=&#x202f;456), and a post-DeepSeek cohort surveyed in December 2025 (n&#x202f;=&#x202f;372). Validated questionnaires were used to evaluate GAI knowledge, usage and ethical perceptions. Multivariate logistic regression and exact tests were applied to analyze links between training programs and self-reported professional competence. Self-reported GAI usage rose significantly from 64.7 to 94.1% after DeepSeek's release (p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.001), driven by technical advances of domestic models and improved accessibility. In contrast, formal GAI training participation remained persistently low (13.2% vs. 13.7%, p&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.84). Less than 30% of trained physicians completed structured training, which was strongly associated with enhanced self-reported professional competence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]&#x202f;=&#x202f;22.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-305.6, p&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.021). Surveyed physicians also prioritized critical integration skills over basic technical proficiency (OR&#x202f;=&#x202f;16.3, 95% CI: 3.6-73.3, p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.001). The "DeepSeek effect" drove near-universal GAI adoption, but revealed a stark adoption-integration gap with no corresponding gains in self-reported professional competence. Preliminary exploratory data suggest that multidimensional structured training may be a promising associated factor to bridge this gap. GAI implementation efforts must shift from promoting basic uptake to building structured training frameworks for safe, effective, critically appraised clinical integration.

This proof-of-concept study examined whether wearable devices integrated with the Welloop mobile application and a light incentive feature lead to changes in awareness and behaviors related to sleep and physical activity. The intervention provided personalized recommendations based on biometric data and explored the potential of digital tools to support behavior change. This single-arm interventional study was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024. Participants aged 20-65 years were recruited in Kobe, Japan. Eligible individuals owned a smartphone, registered as Healthcare Citizen Supporters, and agreed to wear a wearable device (Oura Ring or Fitbit) throughout the study period (January 10-March 31, 2024). Participation was voluntary, including mobile communication costs. Participation was voluntary. During the intervention phase, participants received personalized lifestyle recommendations based on biometric data via the mobile application, along with a light incentive feature to support engagement. The primary outcomes were changes in attitudes and self-reported and device-based behavioral indicators related to physical activity and sleep. This single-arm interventional study was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024. A total of 130 participants (median age 49; 83% women), with 60% holding a university degree or higher were enrolled. Participants aged 20-65 years were recruited in Kobe, Japan. Attitudinal outcomes showed significant or near-significant improvements, including perceived enjoyment and necessity of physical activity, and a significant shift in the stage of change for dietary habits. Objective and self-reported behavioral changes were modest, with small improvements in exercise duration, walking time, and reduced sleep procrastination, though most behavioral outcomes were not statistically significant. No meaningful differences were observed based on incentive preferences. The findings suggest that the intervention is feasible in a community setting. While behavioral change was limited, attitudinal improvements highlight potential for digital self-monitoring and personalized feedback to support early stages of behavior change.

Recurrence and hitting time statistics provide a dynamical system perspective on rare events by linking the temporal occurrence and recurrence of states to the geometric structure of the attractor. In autonomous chaotic systems, theoretical results relate the scaling of hitting or return times to shrinking neighborhoods to the local dimension of the invariant measure. Here, we investigate numerically how robust this relation remains under time dependent forcing. We first analyze a non-autonomous H&#xe9;non map as a controlled benchmark and compare recurrence and hitting time exponents with independent estimates of local dimension. We then apply the same framework to high dimensional climate simulations of sea level pressure and near surface temperature from the IPSL-CM6A-LR model under historical and future forcing scenarios. In both systems, recurrence statistics exhibit approximate scaling across spatial scales and remain broadly consistent with EVT based dimension estimates at the ensemble level, although with substantial pointwise variability. In climate simulations, future forcing scenarios show systematically shorter recurrence times for comparable spatial scales, indicating more frequent revisits of similar atmospheric configurations.