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To assess the survival vulnerability of Oncomelania hupensis in Jiangxi Province under future climate scenarios, and to identify low-vulnerability areas for its survival in this province. Village-level O. hupensis snail survey and O. hupensis snail control with chemical treatments in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2024 were captured from the Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Climatic data were primarily sourced from the Resource and Environmental Science Data Platform, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.resdc.cn/), including annual average temperature, annual average precipitation, annual accumulated temperature above 10 °C, annual accumulated temperature above 0 °C, annual maximum temperature, annual minimum temperature, and annual average relative humidity, and nineteen bioclimatic variables were downloaded from the WorldClim website (https://www.worldclim.org/), including mean diurnal range, isothermality, temperature seasonality, and so on. Elevation and normalized difference vegetation index were catprued from the Resource and Environmental Science Data Platform, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.resdc.cn/), and distance to rivers was downloaded from the WorldPop website (http://www.worldpop.org), and land use and land cover (LULC) data were downloaded from the Big Earth Data Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (https://data.casearth.cn/), and nature reserve data were obtained from the China Nature Reserve Specimen Resource Sharing Platform (http://www.papc.cn/). Three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) from the Beijing Climate Center-Climate System Model version 2-Medium Resolution (BCC-CSM2-MR) global climate model were employed as future climate scenarios, including SSP126, SSP245, SSP585, and the biomod2 ensemble model in R package was used to simulate suitable habitats for O. hupensis snails in Jiangxi Province in 2050 and 2070 under these scenarios. A snail survival vulnerability index was constructed based on the area of suitable snail habitats, area covered by snail control through chemical treatment, area covered by nature reserves, and changes in snail habitat fragmentation, and a map of snail survival vulnerability distribution was plotted. The real area of snail habitats ranged from 78 486.76 to 85 309.47 hm2, and the area of snail control with chemical treatment ranged from 10 138.98 to 13 240.16 hm2 in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2024. There were 429 to 531 villages detected with snails during the nine-year period, and the number of actually snail-infested villages ranged from 645 to 686. A total of 818 snail-present points and 1 996 snail-absent points were obtained from snail survey records. The best performance of the biomod2 ensemble model was achieved if a weighted mean approach was used as the ensemble strategy, with a true skill statistic value of 0.799 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.957, and modeling identified annual average relative humidity and annual average precipitation as two most influencing climatic variables for snail distribution. Relative to the current areas of suitable snail habitats under present climate conditions, the area of suitable snail habitats was projected to expand by 24.49% to 46.28% in Jiangxi Province under future climate scenarios, and the proportion of nature reserves areas in the areas of suitable snail habitats was projected to decrease slightly from the current 2.77% to approximately 2.52%, while the proportion of areas of snail control through chemical treatment in areas of suitable snail habitats varied from 0.64% to 19.57%, and the percentage of changes in snail habitat fragmentation ranged from 3.86% to 12.23%. Based on these four indicators, the snail survival vulnerability index was estimated to range from -1.96 to 0.62 in Jiangxi Province. The arithmetic mean of the snail survival vulnerability index differed under three SSP scenarios (SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585), with the highest mean value (-0.69) in 2070 under SSP126, and the lowest mean value (-0.78) in 2070 under SSP585. The snail survival vulnerability index ranges from -1.96 to 0.62 in Jiangxi Province under future climate scenarios, and the suitable habitats for O. hupensis snails appear an overall tendency towards expansion. Low-vulnerability snail habitats are mainly distributed along the shores of Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River in Jiangxi Province, partially overlapping with nature reserves. Intensified surveillance of O. hupensis snails is recommended in these areas in the future. ［摘要］ 目的 基于未来气候情境, 对江西省钉螺生存脆弱性进行评估, 以识别钉螺生存低脆弱性区域。方法 自中国疾病预防控制信息系统寄生虫病防治信息管理系统获取2016—2024年江西省以村为单位的钉螺调查及药物灭螺数据。自中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心 (http://www.resdc.cn/) 获取年均气温、年均降水量、≥ 10 °C年积温、≥ 0 °C年积温、年最高温、年最低温、年均相对湿度数据, 自世界气候数据网站 (https://www.worldclim.org/) 获取平均昼夜温差、等温性、温度季节性等19个生物气候数据。自中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心 (http://www.resdc.cn/) 获取海拔高度和归一化植被指数数据, 自WorldPop网站 (http://www.worldpop.org) 下载距河流距离, 自地球大数据共享服务系统 (https://data.casearth.cn/) 下载土地利用与覆盖数据, 自中国自然保护区标本资源共享平台 (http://www.papc.cn/) 获取自然保护区数据。以北京气候中心气候系统模式第2版-中等分辨率版本 (Beijing Climate Center-Climate System Model version 2-Medium Resolution, BCC-CSM2-MR) 全球气候模式中的3种共享社会经济路径 (SSP126、SSP245及SSP585) 作为未来气候情景, 并通过R软件中的biomod2集成模型对2050、2070年江西省钉螺适生区进行模拟。采用钉螺适生区面积、药物灭螺覆盖面积、自然保护区覆盖面积、生境破碎化变化率4个指标构建钉螺生存脆弱性指数, 绘制钉螺生存脆弱性分布地图。结果 2016—2024年, 江西省实有钉螺面积为78 486.76~85 309.47 hm2, 药物灭螺面积为10 138.98~13 240.16 hm2。9年间江西省查出有螺村429 ~ 531个, 实际有螺村645~686个。基于查螺信息共获取818个钉螺分布点和1 996个钉螺不存在点。biomod2集成模型集成方式采用加权平均时模型性能最佳, 真实技能统计量值为0.799, 受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.957; 模型分析结果显示, 对钉螺分布影响较大的气候因子为年均相对湿度和年均降水量。以当前气候条件下江西省钉螺适生区面积为基准, 未来气候情境下该省钉螺适生区面积将扩大24.49%~46.28%, 自然保护区面积占适生区面积的比例由当前的2.77%小幅下降至2.52%, 药物灭螺面积占适生区面积的比例在0.64%~19.57%, 生境破碎化变化率在3.86%~12.23%。基于上述4个指标计算得出江西省钉螺脆弱性指数范围为 −1.96~0.62。在3种共享社会经济路径 (SSP126、SSP245、SSP585) 下, 江西省钉螺脆弱性指数的算术平均值存在差异, 其中SSP126情景下2070年的平均值最高 (−0.69), SSP585情景下2070年的平均值最低 (−0.78)。结论 未来气候情境下, 江西省钉螺生存脆弱性指数范围为 −1.96~0.62, 钉螺适生区总体呈扩张趋势。该省钉螺生存低脆弱性区域主要分布于鄱阳湖沿岸及长江沿线, 与自然保护区分布范围部分重叠, 未来需加强此区域内的钉螺监测。.

Informatics technologies are transforming biodiversity conservation by enabling large-scale data analysis, predictive modelling, and real-time monitoring in the face of anthropogenic climate change. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of global research on the application of informatics tools - such as machine learning, remote sensing, geographic information systems, and big data analytics - to biodiversity conservation and anthropogenic climate change. Using the Scopus database, we analysed 643 publications from 1993 to 2024 to identify research trends, collaboration networks, and emerging thematic areas. The results reveal a rapid increase in publications over the last decade, with developed countries and China leading research output, while contributions from Africa remain limited. Keyword co-occurrence analysis highlights key research themes, including species distribution modelling, climate change impacts, conservation technology, and ecological informatics. Co-authorship network mapping underscores the interdisciplinary and collaborative nature of biodiversity informatics and anthropogenic climate change research. This bibliometric review provides a quantitative synthesis of knowledge production in this field, offering insights into dominant research trajectories and identifying gaps in geographic representation and thematic coverage. Overall, the review reveals a large but geographically skewed scientific footprint whose future value depends on closing gaps in data-poor, biodiversity-rich regions and explicitly linking biodiversity informatics outputs to climate-resilient policy and practice. The findings inform future research and policy efforts aimed at leveraging informatics technologies for effective and inclusive biodiversity conservation strategies in a changing climate. This study is FAIR-aligned and accompanied by openly shared data and materials with ISO-aligned, machine-readable metadata.

The summer of 2025 and its historic chikungunya outbreak marked a turning point in the way we approach mosquito-borne viral diseases in Europe, and in particular those which depends on Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, for their transmission. These arboviral infections show a pronounced dependence on global change, owing to complex interactions between very different organisms. Mosquitoes, in particular, are highly sensitive to the effects of climate change. In this context, Aedes albopictus, an invasive species showing substantial adaptability and robustness, continues to expand across Europe, notably in Northern Europe. This mosquito is a key vector, in particular for dengue and chikungunya, whose clinical presentation is often non-specific, complicating diagnosis and the early detection of clusters. Faced with these complex characteristics, the challenge is to organize integrated surveillance that combines entomological monitoring, human surveillance, and adaptation to a situation that is, by its very nature, evolving. In Belgium, entomological surveillance (MEMO+) and mandatory case notification-structured differently across the country's entities-constitute essential yet still improvable pillars of this surveillance. L’été 2025 et son épidémie historique de chikungunya a marqué un tournant dans notre façon d’appréhender les viroses transmises par des moustiques, et en particulier Aedes albopictus, le moustique tigre, en Europe. Ces arboviroses montrent une dépendance marquée aux changements globaux, du fait d’interactions complexes entre organismes très différents. Les moustiques sont, notamment, particulièrement sensibles aux effets des changements climatiques. Dans ce contexte, Aedes albopictus, espèce invasive montrant une adaptabilité et une robustesse importantes, poursuit son expansion en Europe, notamment en Europe du Nord. Ce moustique est un vecteur clé, notamment de la dengue et le chikungunya, dont les présentations cliniques sont souvent peu spécifiques, compliquant le diagnostic et la détection précoce des clusters. Face à ces caractéristiques complexes, l’enjeu est d’organiser une surveillance intégrée combinant veille entomologique, surveillance humaine et adaptation à une situation par essence en évolution. En Belgique, la surveillance entomologique (MEMO+) et la déclaration obligatoire des cas, structurées différemment selon les entités, constituent des piliers essentiels, mais encore perfectibles de cette surveillance.

Observed global warming has profoundly affected the world's oceans, which are experiencing increasingly frequent marine heatwaves and a slowdown of the Global Meridional Overturning Circulation. These changes disrupt ocean circulation patterns, alter biogeochemical cycles, enhance surface ocean acidification, and drive poleward migration of marine organisms. Marine radionuclides (e.g., 3H, 14C, 90Sr, 129I, 134Cs, 137Cs, and Pu isotopes), released from nuclear activities since the 1940s, provide time-resolved tracers of oceanic processes owing to their well-documented input functions and distinct chemical behaviors. Their distributions in seawater, bottom sediments, and marine biota have recorded climate-driven modifications in ocean circulation and stratification. The Pacific Ocean, the largest ocean basin on Earth, has undergone changes in recent decades under ongoing climate forcing. Long-term radionuclide observations indicate a decline in vertical mixing in the upper North Pacific Ocean, likely associated with enhanced stratification. Variability linked to Asian monsoon systems and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events is also clearly reflected in radionuclide records from the marginal seas of the Northwest Pacific. Radionuclide datasets provide essential reference benchmarks for calibrating and validating Ocean General Circulation Models and Earth System Models under future climate scenarios. To strengthen predictive capability, coordinated international, high-resolution sampling programs covering the entire world ocean are required, together with measurement campaigns employing newly developed ultra-sensitive analytical techniques. Particular attention should be given to the Southern, Arctic, and Subarctic Oceans because of their critical role in the global climate system and the current scarcity of comprehensive radionuclide data.

Climate and land use changes pose a severe threat to plant biodiversity, particularly to rare and endangered species that are highly sensitive to environmental changes. Nevertheless, very little is understood about the spatiotemporal dynamics and current conservation status of these taxa in fragile dryland ecosystems. This study projected the potential distribution of 32 rare and endangered plant species in the Irtysh River Basin under both contemporary and projected future (2050) climate scenarios and identified biodiversity hotspots and conservation gaps based on an ensemble model that integrated Species Distribution Models (SDMs) with the InVEST habitat quality model. The results showed that water availability and topography were the primary determinants of the spatial distribution of these species, which were concentrated in riparian zones, particularly in mountainous river segments. Projections indicated that future climatic shifts would precipitate range contractions of approximately 60% of the studied species, leading to an overall decline in biodiversity across the basin. Conversely, biodiversity in mountainous areas was projected to increase, underscoring that mountainous areas acted as important climate refugia. It is worth noting that approximately 80% of the studied species were classified as gap species, highlighting severe conservation gaps in current protected area networks. These results reveal the responses of rare and endangered plants to climatic alterations and offer a sound basis for developing biodiversity conservation and management strategies in dryland ecosystems.

Submediterranean marcescent oak forests form a climatic ecotone highly exposed to increasing aridity across the Mediterranean Basin. Understanding how these vulnerable taxa were affected by past climatic shifts can help contextualize their sensitivity to ongoing changes. Here we used ensemble Species Distribution Models (SDMs) to infer the distribution dynamics of eight marcescent oak species from the Heinrich Stadial (~ 17 ka) to the present, and to explore their potential future trajectories for 2070 and 2100 under three SSP scenarios. Models calibrated with 12,450 filtered occurrences and high-resolution paleoclimate and CHELSA datasets performed well (AUC > 0.97), with precipitation and temperature seasonality emerging as key predictors. Hindcasts revealed contrasting east-west Quaternary histories, including episodes of expansion, contraction and partial stability linked to abrupt climate transitions such as the Heinrich Stadial and Younger Dryas. Future projections indicate widespread northward shifts and substantial suitability losses, especially under SSP5-8.5, with pronounced impacts on narrowly distributed taxa. By comparing past-to-present and present-to-future range shifts, we identify temporal coherence in species responses, showing that taxa with strong historical fluctuations tend to exhibit larger projected changes. Integrating past range dynamics provides an essential ecological baseline to interpret species-specific sensitivity and regional asymmetries. Our results refine the identification of potential climatic refugia and high-risk zones, offering a framework to prioritize conservation strategies for transitional oak forests in a rapidly warming Mediterranean Basin.

Climate change is driving significant changes in alpine ecosystems, where temperature-sensitive plant communities are particularly vulnerable. As plants migrate to higher elevations, understanding the mechanisms behind these changes is critical for predicting ecosystem dynamics. Morphological, physiological, and chemical functional traits may help understand species' responses to environmental change. This study examines whether functional traits can explain recent changes in presence and cover of alpine plant species in permanent plots. We analyzed vegetation data from repeated surveys of permanent plots at two sites. Morphological traits (e.g., plant height, leaf area) and physiological traits (e.g., frost and drought resistance) were measured locally for common species and supplemented with data from the TRY trait database to broaden species coverage. Linear models were applied to assess the relationships between traits and abundance changes (presence and cover), using multiple metrics. Our results reveal that plant height and leaf area are significant predictors of species abundance changes, emphasizing the role of morphological traits in shaping alpine plant communities. In contrast, physiological traits showed limited explanatory power. Notably, leaf carbon content emerged as a key predictor, suggesting that conservative strategies may provide advantages under warming conditions. Measures describing biomass dynamics (e.g., cover) differed from those describing establishment (e.g., presence), highlighting the multifaceted nature of species responses to environmental changes. Although our findings emphasize the importance of competitive interactions and resource acquisition, the study is limited by the absence of traits related to heat tolerance and prolonged warming. Future research should address these gaps to better understand the impacts of sustained temperature increases on alpine ecosystems.

The impact of climate change on mental health is increasingly evident, particularly among young people (16-25 years old), ranging from acute distress after extreme weather events to more persistent feelings of anxiety, grief, and uncertainty regarding the future. This Viewpoint explores how mental health care for young people can be improved to more effectively respond to the psychological impacts of climate change. Rather than proposing a new treatment model, this Viewpoint provides a starting point for clinicians by examining how existing therapeutic approaches could be applied, adapted, or reconsidered in the context of climate change. Furthermore, a range of therapeutic approaches commonly used in youth mental health care, including cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behaviour therapy, schema therapy, mindfulness and resilience-based interventions, nature-based approaches, empowerment and activism engagement, community-based interventions, and pharmacological treatments, are discussed for their potential relevance. We highlight both the strengths and limitations of these approaches when addressing climate distress. Finally, we outline key priorities for clinical practice, service development, and future research to support the mental health of young people in a changing climate.

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Agriculture is increasingly challenged by climate change-driven stresses, including rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, soil degradation, with increased frequency of pests and disease outbreaks. This disrupts crop productivity and threatens global food security, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable, adaptive strategies, which are environment-friendly. Microorganisms, integral to soil health, nutrient cycling, and plant stress physiology, offer promising nature-based solutions for climate resilient agriculture. Yet their potential remains underutilized due to technical, ecological, and socio-economic barriers that hinder widespread adoption. This review addresses these research gaps and practical challenges, while outlining future perspectives for scaling up microbe-based technologies through integration with omics and AI tools. The major points addressed in this review are (1) Major advances in microbial applications that directly support crop resilience and ecosystem sustainability. It examines recent progress made towards enhancing the effectiveness of biofertilizers (including mycorrhizal fungi), biopesticides and developing novel products, detailing how these innovations enhance nutrient acquisition, regulate phytohormonal balance, improve water-use efficiency, mitigate abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat and pH, and minimize losses incurred due to pathogen and pests; (2) Mechanistic insights into microbial mediation of nutrient cycling, soil aggregation, and stress alleviation in terms of plant-microbe or soil-plant microbiome networking; (3) The role of emerging biotechnological tools, including metagenomics, microbiome engineering, and synthetic biology, that enable the design of more effective and context-specific microbial interventions that can be integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools for precise application (4) Emphasis on both the benefits and constraints of microbial inoculants is documented as well as novel strategies for their effective use as sustainable solutions for climate ready agriculture. Ultimately, microbial innovations are positioned as pivotal in building climate-resilient agroecosystems capable of sustaining productivity and reducing environmental footprints.

Natural wetlands deliver a range of ecosystem services like water, food and fibre provisioning, carbon sequestration, nutrient retention, and support for biodiversity. With respect to climate change, wetlands may act as a carbon sink or source, depending on management conditions. Despite their value, wetlands are disappearing at an alarming rate, and threatened by hydrological alteration, pollution and climate change. For an effective wetland policy there is a need to relate the state of wetlands to regional and global land-use and climate change projections, and to relate ecosystem services to wetland processes. Wetlands are, however, generally under-represented in global models and assessments. Here we present a model that estimates vegetation biomass production, carbon emissions, and water quality of freshwater wetlands on a global scale with different hydrological and climate conditions. The main hydro-ecological processes are described in a generic way, accounting for climate zones, water level fluctuations and main hydrological types: rain-/groundwater fed (ponded) wetlands and surface water-fed floodplain wetlands (flooded). The model is coupled to global hydrological (PCR-GLOBWB) and climate and land-use (IMAGE-GNM) models. It estimates the wetlands ecosystem services, in particular regulating ecosystem services like water availability, carbon sequestration/emission and nutrient retention that are difficult to quantify otherwise. The model was applied to several wetland types in widely varying climate regions (Sweden, Germany, Spain, subtropical China, tropical Brazil and Kenya). Results show that the model generates plausible results compared to measured data of greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient concentrations. Furthermore, the model can discriminate between wetlands with different environmental conditions, resulting in wetlands being either a sink or a source of carbon. A regionalized parameterization is in progress. Further potential applications of model outcomes include regional assessments of wetland ecosystem services, determining ecosystem services under alternative management, climate and land use scenarios, and link these to conditions for biodiversity.

Climate adaptation products have traditionally been developed using a supply-driven model reliant on available climate information, leading to usability gaps1-4. To better meet user needs, the climate services field has recognized a need to shift towards a demand-driven model emphasizing co-production, that is, user-driven, scientifically informed products created through shared knowledge practices1-5. However, co-production can be challenging, especially for researchers unfamiliar with the approach or for digital and software-based products with complex user needs2,5-8. User-centred design, from the human-computer interaction field, offers a process that could complement co-production approaches to product development, yet its potential remains underexplored2. Here we show how user-centred design can be integrated into, and strengthen, co-production approaches for building user-driven climate adaptation products. Through a systematic review of the co-production and user-centred design literature, we identify key processes, mechanisms and best practices for both approaches. Our findings offer practical guidance for researchers and propose an integrated approach for developing climate adaptation products that are useful, usable and used.

Brackish coastal waters are increasingly susceptible to harmful cyanobacterial blooms and toxin contamination, and climate change may enhance the persistence of bloom-forming species across salinity gradients. The Baltic Sea, one of the world's largest brackish basins is characterised by distinct salinity gradients, high productivity, and pronounced sensitivity to cyanobacterial blooms. Cyanobacteria are highly adaptable and tolerat of diverse environmental conditions. However, the response of freshwater strains to brackish water from various Baltic coastal sites, and the extent to which such conditions limit their persistence, remains uncertain. This study addressed three main objectives: (1) evaluating the ability of common freshwater bloom-forming filamentous cyanobacteria to grow in water from different Baltic coastal sites; (2) examining the combined effects of warming and CO2 enrichment on their performance under simulated brackish conditions; and (3) testing whether selected freshwater strain can persist in pairwise co-culture with the resident Baltic cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena. Results showed that several freshwater strains grew in water from both the fresher northern and more saline southern Baltic coastal sites. However, their responses varied by strain and were influenced by site-specific water properties, climate conditions, and biotic interactions. Notably, a cylindrospermopsin-producing strain of Aphanizomenon gracile from an eutrophic inland lake showed the highest performance and also grew in co-culture with Nodularia. Simulations indicate that certain freshwater cyanobacteria can tolerate brackish water from different Baltic coastal sites under controlled short-term conditions. Moreover, findings suggest that freshwater strains capable of persisting under brackish conditions may contribute to cyanotoxin presence risk. This risk may affect water from both the fresher northern and saltier southern Baltic coasts, highlighting an emerging ecological and public health concern. The simplified, nature-safe experimental approach provides a foundation for more complex, field-based studies assessing the ecological relevance of freshwater cyanobacteria in transitional brackish coastal systems.

Climate change is threatening crop yield of a broad range of agricultural species, impacting global food security and trade. Crop wild relatives may contain climate adaptations that can be quickly introduced into cultivars, especially in perennial tree crops that use rootstock. Identifying climate resilient genotypes that can potentially be used as alternative rootstock is imperative to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Here, we used whole genome sequence data of 59 wild Juglans hindsii (Northern California black walnut) and 39 wild J. californica (Southern California black walnut) adult trees to: (i) determine predicted adaptedness to future climate based on landscape genomic models, (ii) explore their adaptedness if used as rootstock in existing walnut orchards and (iii) identify potential future planting sites within existing croplands. Wild J. hindsii has the highest predicted adaptedness to the future climate of Northern and Central California walnut orchards, while wild J. californica has the highest predicted adaptedness to Southern and Central California walnut orchards. Juglans californica has high adaptedness to the future climate of more existing cropland than J. hindsii does. If walnut farmers wanted to test new rootstock sources for their existing orchards or convert their farmland into walnut orchards, this study informs the exploration of such ideas. We illustrate how landscape genomic tools can be utilized in agricultural contexts as first steps in identifying climate adapted genotypes.

The accelerating climate and biodiversity crises expose ecosystems already under severe stress, yet scientific knowledge production and communication remain largely unidirectional and didactic, constraining timely and integrated responses. This paper argues that combining citizen science with the cultivation of a nature quotient (NQ)-the capacity to perceive and organize the interconnections and dynamic interactions among humans, wildlife, ecosystems, and climate systems-is essential for advancing two-way environmental knowledge systems. Citizen engagement broadens data collection, grounds science in more detailed relational knowledge, and fosters ecological intelligence across society. Cultivating an individual and collective NQ can democratize science, enhance resilience to misinformation, and catalyze a shift toward ecosurplus culture, enabling societies to respond more proactively and intelligently to climate and environmental degradation crises. Impulso a la producción del conocimiento y la comunicación ambiental bidireccional mediante la ciencia ciudadana y el coeficiente de naturaleza Resumen Las crisis climática y de biodiversidad, que se agravan cada vez más, ponen al descubierto ecosistemas que ya se encuentran sometidos a una gran presión; sin embargo, la producción y la comunicación del conocimiento científico aún son, en gran medida, unidireccionales y didácticas, lo que limita la capacidad de dar respuestas oportunas e integradas. Este artículo sostiene que combinar la ciencia ciudadana con el desarrollo de un “coeficiente de naturaleza” (CN) —la capacidad de percibir y organizar las interconexiones y las interacciones dinámicas entre los seres humanos, la fauna silvestre, los ecosistemas y los sistemas climáticos— es esencial para impulsar sistemas de conocimiento ambiental bidireccionales. La participación ciudadana amplía la recopilación de datos, fundamenta la ciencia en un conocimiento relacional más detallado y fomenta la inteligencia ecológica en toda la sociedad. El desarrollo de un CN individual y colectivo puede democratizar la ciencia, mejorar la resiliencia frente a la desinformación y catalizar un cambio hacia una cultura del superávit ecológico, lo que permitirá a las sociedades responder de forma más proactiva e inteligente a las crisis climáticas y de degradación ambiental.

Drought stress is the most pervasive abiotic constraint on global crop productivity, with projected intensification under climate change threatening the yields of staple crops including wheat, rice, maize, and legumes. Conventional breeding approaches have delivered limited gains against drought tolerance, constrained by the polygenic and multifactorial nature of stress adaptation, the complexity of genotype-by-environment interactions, and the inadequacy of field-based phenotyping under variable stress conditions. Omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, and phenomics, have substantially advanced the molecular dissection of drought tolerance by enabling high-resolution characterization of stress-responsive genes, regulatory networks, adaptive proteins, and metabolic reprogramming pathways. Specific traits targeted include root system architecture and depth, osmotic adjustment capacity through proline and glycine betaine accumulation, antioxidant defense mechanisms, ABA-mediated stomatal regulation, LEA protein accumulation, epigenetic stress memory, and yield stability under water deficit. This review systematically examines omics-based strategies for drought stress mitigation across major crops, highlighting individual omics contributions, multi-omics integration frameworks, computational tools including machine learning and AI-driven predictive modelling, and translational breeding applications. Case studies in wheat, rice, maize, and legumes illustrate how omics-driven approaches accelerate precision breeding for drought resilience through marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and CRISPR-based gene editing. Challenges including data integration complexity, high implementation costs, limited cross-species transferability, and the need for field-scale validation of microbiome-based strategies are critically addressed. Future perspectives encompassing single-cell and spatial omics, AI-driven predictive breeding, digital agriculture integration, and international data governance frameworks are discussed. By aligning with climate-smart agriculture principles, multi-omics approaches provide a robust and transformative foundation for developing drought-resilient crop cultivars suitable for water-limited production systems worldwide.

Recent years have seen increasing calls for private investments in nature. But can this enthusiasm be translated into action or is it based on wishful thinking? We study this question by going back to first principles (what do firms need?) and present two conditions for attracting investor interest. Based on this framework we next reframe the question from what the private sector needs, to what the private sector can do right now. We argue that given the current absence of strong policies that reward nature investors for the public value they generate, the generic call for private sector participation should be replaced by more practical strategies which 'bundle' nature investments with commercial opportunities - without the need for new markets. We conclude by showing that bundling opportunities exist but are understudied and under communicated, and will necessitate overcoming information, coordination and financial barriers.

Plant invasions pose a significant threat to plant community integrity at high latitudes and altitudes, particularly under the backdrop of ongoing climate change and anthropogenic disturbance. However, how plant invasion and increasing invasion intensity reshape community functional traits and multidimensional diversity in high-altitude wetland ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted a field survey across 284 quadrats in a subalpine wetland of Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, China. Nine invasive plant species were detected and occurred in 51.06% of all sampled quadrats. We compared functional trait composition between invaded and uninvaded communities and assessed species, functional, and phylogenetic diversity along invasion intensity gradients through inclusion and exclusion models of invasive species. Invaded communities showed 9.1% higher chlorophyll content and 30.7% larger specific leaf area but 26.1% lower leaf density than uninvaded communities. In addition, community-weighted traits and diversity indices showed stronger responses when invasive species were included. With increasing invasion intensity, species diversity and phylogenetic diversity declined, whereas functional richness increased. These results demonstrate that plant invasion simultaneously drives species loss and functional reorganization, reshaping both the functional composition and biodiversity of subalpine wetland communities. Our findings highlight how invasive species restructure plant communities in subalpine wetlands, with important implications for biodiversity conservation in high-altitude ecosystems.

This article argues that the question of whether we are alone in the universe is a symptom of Western apparatuses that produce an ontological rift between human beings and other species. This rift comprises instrumental, ruling epistemologies that depersonalize other species, thus legitimating our indifference to their manifold intelligences and communications. The Western apparatuses that produce the rift can be understood in terms of a normative and historical unconscious, as well as the defenses of weak dissociation and projection. These defenses operate to secure a conscious and preconscious sense of existential significance while rendering unconscious the terrifying reality of existential insignificance. This analysis also provides a partial explanation for the sources of the climate polycrisis and the strong resistance to effective climate action. That is, dissonant subjects have an antagonistic relation to "nature," deeming all that falls under this abstraction mute and dumb (unintelligent).