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Short-Term Memory May Yet Be Deficient in Children With Language Impairments: A Comment on van der Lely & Howard (1993)

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research1995-04-01作者：Susan E. Gathercole, Alan Baddeley

No AccessJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing ResearchLanguage1 Apr 1995Short-Term Memory May Yet Be Deficient in Children With Language Impairments: A Comment on van der Lely & Howard (1993) Susan E. Gathercole, and Alan D. Baddeley Susan E. Gathercole Department of Psychology University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TN Google Scholar and Alan D. Baddeley MRC Applied Psychology Unit Cambridge University Cambridge, UK Google Scholar https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3802.463 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In References Baddeley, A. D. (1966). The influence of acoustic and semantic similarity on long-term memory for word sequences.Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 302–309. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Baddeley, A. D. (1990). Human memory. Hove, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Google Scholar Conrad, R. (1972). The developmental role of vocalizing in short-term memory.Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 521–533. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Dunn, L. M., Dunn, L. M., Whetton, C., & Pintillie, D. (1982). British Picture Vocabulary Scale. Windsor, England: NFER-Nelson. Google Scholar Ford, S., & Silber, K. P. (1994). Working memory in children: A developmental approach to the phonological coding of pictorial material.British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12, 165–176. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E. (in press, a). The assessment of phonological memory skills in preschool children.British Journal of Educational Psychology. Google Scholar Gathercole, S. E. (in press, b). Is nonword repetition a test of phonological memory or long-term knowledge? It all depends on the nonwords.Memory & Cognition. Google Scholar Gathercole, S. E., & Adams, A.-M. (1993). Phonological working memory in very young children.Developmental Psychology, 29, 770–778. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E., & Adams, A.-M. (1994). Children's phonological working memory: Contributions of long-term knowledge and rehearsal.Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 672–688. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). Evaluation of the role of phonological STM in the development of vocabulary in children: A longitudinal study.Journal of Memory and Language, 28, 200–213. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1990). Phonological memory deficits in language disordered children: Is there a causal connection?.Journal of Memory and Language, 29, 336–360. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E., Willis, C. S., Baddeley, A. D., & Emslie, H. (1994). The Children's Test of Nonword Repetition: A test of phonological working memory.Memory, 2, 103–128. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E., Willis, C., Emslie, H., & Baddeley, A. (1991). The influences of number of syllables and wordlikeness on children's repetition of nonwords.Applied Psycholinguistics, 12, 349–367. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Gathercole, S. E., Willis, C., Emslie, H., & Baddeley, A. (1992). Phonological memory and vocabulary development during the early school years: A longitudinal study.Developmental Psychology, 28, 887–898. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Henry, L. (1991). The effects of word length and phonemic similarity in young children's short-term memory.Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 43A, 35–52. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Hitch, G. J., & Halliday, M. S. (1983). Working memory in children.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B302, 423–340. Google Scholar Hulme, C., Thomson, N., Muir, C., & Lawrence, A. (1984). Speech rate and the development of short-term memory span.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 38, 241–253. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Johnston, R. S., Johnson, C., & Gray, C. (1987). The emergence of the word length effect in young children: The effects of overt and covert rehearsal.British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 5, 243–248. CrossrefGoogle Scholar van der Lely, H., & Howard, D. (1993). Children with specific language impairment: Linguistic impairment or short-term memory deficit?.Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36, 1193–1207. ASHAWireGoogle Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research63:1 (345-356)22 Jan 2020Quantifying the Effects of Background Speech Babble on Preschool Children's Novel Word Learning in a Multisession Paradigm: A Preliminary StudyMeital Avivi-Reich, Megan Y. Roberts and Tina M. Grieco-CalubJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research62:3 (644-667)25 Mar 2019Phonological and Semantic Contributions to Verbal Short-Term Memory in Young Children With Developmental StutteringJulie D. Anderson, Stacy A. Wagovich and Bryan T. Brown Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics28:7-8 (602-616)1 Jul 2014Performance of children on the Turkish Nonword Repetition Test: Effect of word similarity, word length, and scoringSeyhun TopbaŞ, Dılber Kaçar-Kütükçü and Handan Kopkalli-Yavuz HNO60:5 (427-431)1 May 2012Basale phonologische Verarbeitung und Intelligenzpotenzial bei VorschulkindernLow level phonological processing and intelligence potential in preschool childrenM. Ptok and A. Dunkelmann Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools43:3 (325-337)1 Jul 2012Noise Hampers Children's Expressive Word LearningKristine Grohne Riley and Karla K. McGregor Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews13:3 (262-271)Education and children with Down syndrome: Neuroscience, development, and interventionDeborah J. Fidler and Lynn Nadel Cortex41:3 (399-433)1 Jan 2005Specific Language Impairment is not Specific to Language: the Procedural Deficit HypothesisMichael T. Ullman and Elizabeth I. Pierpont Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research48:6 (1481-1495)1 Dec 2005Nonword Repetition and Language Development in 4-Year-Old Children With and Without a History of Early Language DelayDonna J. Thal, Scott Miller, Janna Carlson and Martha Moreno Vega Applied Psycholinguistics25:011 Mar 2004Effects of input manipulations on the word learning abilities of children with and without specific language impairmentJANICE E. HOROHOV and JANNA B. OETTING Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research47:1 (114-125)1 Feb 2004Verbal and Spatial Information Processing Constraints in Children With Specific Language ImpairmentLaVae M. Hoffman and Ronald B. Gillam Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences101:42 (15265-15270)19 Oct 2004Left insula activation: A marker for language attainment in bilingualsMichael W. L. Chee, Chun Siong Soon, Hwee Ling Lee and Christophe Pallier Developmental Science6:4 (F11-F22)1 Sep 2003Larger brain and white matter volumes in children with developmental language disorderMartha R. Herbert, David A. Ziegler, Nikos Makris, Anna Bakardjiev, James Hodgson, Kristen T. Adrien, David N. Kennedy, Pauline A. Filipek and Verne S. Caviness Linguistics41:2The development of sentence-interpretation strategies in monolingual German-learning children with and without specific language impairmentKatrin Lindner Journal of Communication Disorders36:2 (129-151)1 Mar 2003Diagnostic accuracy and test–retest reliability of nonword repetition and digit span tasks administered to preschool children with specific language impairmentShelley Gray Topics in Language Disorders22:3 (30-48)1 May 2002Sensitivity to Increased Task DemandsRonald B. Gillam, LaVae M. Hoffman, Jeffrey A. Marler and M. Lorraine Wynn-Dancy Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research43:4 (865-878)1 Aug 2000Nonword Repetition Performance in School-Age Children With and Without Language ImpairmentSusan Ellis Weismer, J. Bruce Tomblin, Xuyang Zhang, Paula Buckwalter, Jan Gaura Chynoweth and Maura Jones Cortex35:5 (713-727)1 Jan 1999"Developmental Dysmnesia": A Case ReportClaudia Casalini, Daniela Brizzolara, M. Cristina Cavallaro and Paola Cipriani Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research42:5 (1249-1260)1 Oct 1999An Examination of Verbal Working Memory Capacity in Children With Specific Language ImpairmentSusan Ellis Weismer, Julia Evans and Linda J. Hesketh The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A49:1 (216-233)1 Feb 1996Phonological Working Memory and Spoken Language Development in Young ChildrenAnne-Marie Adams and Susan E. Gathercole Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry6:49 Sep 2016Impact of Working Memory and Cognitive functioning on Specific Language Impairment (SLI)Tahir Saeed Folios:5217 Feb 2020Habilidades metafonológicas y metasemánticas en niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje y niños con desarrollo típico del lenguajeMaría Soledad Sandoval Zúñiga, Edwin Julián Espitia Bello, Marcia Díaz Muñoz, Rocío Sandoval Valenzuela and Yoselyn Sepúlveda Ibarra Volume 38Issue 2April 1995Pages: 463-466 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library HistoryReceived: Mar 23, 1994Accepted: Sep 7, 1994 Published in issue: Apr 1, 1995 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF downloadLoading ...

Scientists built a memory chip that breaks the rules of miniaturization

Science Daily Tech2026-05-03

A new kind of memory device may finally solve the problem of overheating and battery drain in electronics。 By shrinking components to an extreme scale and redesigning their structure, researchers found a way to reduce energy loss instead of increasing it。 The result is a tiny memory unit that improves as it gets smaller—something once thought impos

Memory Hove England Scientists

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The production effect and the generation effect improve memory in picture naming

Memory2018-08-24作者：Eirini Zormpa, Laurel Brehm, Renske S. Hoedemaker

The production effect (better memory for words read aloud than words read silently) and the picture superiority effect (better memory for pictures than words) both improve item memory in a picture naming task (Fawcett, J. M., Quinlan, C. K., & Taylor, T. L. (2012). Interplay of the production and picture superiority effects: A signal detection analysis. Memory (Hove, England), 20(7), 655-666. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2012.693510 ). Because picture naming requires coming up with an appropriate label, the generation effect (better memory for generated than read words) may contribute to the latter effect. In two forced-choice memory experiments, we tested the role of generation in a picture naming task on later recognition memory. In Experiment 1, participants named pictures silently or aloud with the correct name or an unreadable label superimposed. We observed a generation effect, a production effect, and an interaction between the two. In Experiment 2, unreliable labels were included to ensure full picture processing in all conditions. In this experiment, we observed a production and a generation effect but no interaction, implying the effects are dissociable. This research demonstrates the separable roles of generation and production in picture naming and their impact on memory. As such, it informs the link between memory and language production and has implications for memory asymmetries between language production and comprehension.

Cognitive Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Developmental and Educational Psychology

How can Apple deal with the memory shortage?

Hacker News2026-05-11

暂无摘要，请点击原文查看详情

Apple deal memory shortage

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Working Memory in Children With Developmental Disorders

Journal of Learning Disabilities2009-04-20作者：Tracy Packiam Alloway, Gnanathusharan Rajendran, Lisa M. D. Archibald

The aim of the present study was to directly compare working memory skills across students with different developmental disorders to investigate whether the uniqueness of their diagnosis would impact memory skills. The authors report findings confirming differential memory profiles on the basis of the following developmental disorders: Specific Language Impairment, Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, and Asperger syndrome (AS). Specifically, language impairments were associated with selective deficits in verbal short-term and working memory, whereas motor impairments (DCD) were associated with selective deficits in visuospatial short-term and working memory. Children with attention problems were impaired in working memory in both verbal and visuospatial domains, whereas the children with AS had deficits in verbal short-term memory but not in any other memory component. The implications of these findings are discussed in light of support for learning.

Developmental and Educational Psychology Psychiatry and Mental health Developmental and Educational Psychology

Source Memory for Self and Other in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease

The Journals of Gerontology Series B2014-06-05作者：Nicole M. Rosa, Rebecca G. Deason, Andrew E. Budson

OBJECTIVES: The present study examined the role of enactment in source memory in a cognitively impaired population. As seen in healthy older adults, it was predicted that source memory in people with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD) would benefit from the self-reference aspect of enactment. METHOD: Seventeen participants with MCI-AD and 18 controls worked in small groups to pack a picnic basket and suitcase and were later tested for their source memory for each item. RESULTS: For item memory, self-referencing improved corrected recognition scores for both MCI-AD and control participants. The MCI-AD group did not demonstrate the same benefit as controls in correct source memory for self-related items. However, those with MCI-AD were relatively less likely to misattribute new items to the self and more likely to misattribute new items to others when committing errors, compared with controls. DISCUSSION: The enactment effect and self-referencing did not enhance accurate source memory more than other referencing for patients with MCI-AD. However, people with MCI-AD benefited in item memory and source memory, being less likely to falsely claim new items as their own, indicating some self-reference benefit occurs for people with MCI-AD.

Cognitive Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Epidemiology

Verbal and Visuospatial Short-Term and Working Memory in Children: Are They Separable?

Child Development2006-11-01作者：Tracy Packiam Alloway, Susan E. Gathercole, Susan J. Pickering

This study explored the structure of verbal and visuospatial short-term and working memory in children between ages 4 and 11 years. Multiple tasks measuring 4 different memory components were used to capture the cognitive processes underlying working memory. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the processing component of working memory tasks was supported by a common resource pool, while storage aspects depend on domain-specific verbal and visuospatial resources. This model is largely stable across this developmental period, although some evidence exists that the links between the domain-specific visuospatial construct and the domain-general processing construct were higher in the 4- to- 6-year age group. The data also suggest that all working memory components are in place by 4 years of age.

Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Developmental and Educational Psychology Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

This AI knew the answers but didn’t understand the questions

Science Daily Tech2026-04-30

For decades, psychologists have debated whether the human mind can be explained by one unified theory or must be broken into separate parts like memory and attention。 A recent AI model called Centaur seemed to offer a breakthrough, claiming it could mimic human thinking across 160 different cognitive tasks。 But new research is challenging that bold

Memory Hove England knew

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Your “um” and pauses could reveal early dementia risk

Science Daily Tech2026-05-13

The little pauses, “ums,” and moments when you struggle to find the right word may reveal far more about your brain than anyone realized。 Researchers discovered that everyday speech patterns are closely tied to executive function — the mental system that powers memory, planning, focus, and flexible thinking。 By using AI to analyze natural conversat

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Daredevil: Born Again S2 gives us a darker, grittier canvas

科技资讯2026-05-13

Cinematographer Hillary Fyfe Spera on how she kept things visually fresh for Born Again’s second season

Memory Hove England Daredevil

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The Universe’s biggest black holes may be forged in violent mergers

科技资讯2026-05-08

The Universe’s biggest black holes may not be born giants after all。 Scientists analyzing gravitational-wave signals from dozens of black hole collisions found evidence that the heaviest black holes are likely “cosmic recyclers” — formed through repeated smashups inside incredibly crowded star clusters。 These violent chain reactions appear to creat

Memory Hove England Universes

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Physicists discover quantum particles that break the rules of reality

科技资讯2026-05-09

Physicists may have just cracked open a hidden side of the quantum world。 For decades, every known particle was thought to belong to one of two categories — bosons or fermions — but researchers have now shown that bizarre “in-between” particles called anyons could also exist in a one-dimensional system。 Even more exciting, these strange particles m

Memory Hove England Physicists

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“Cannot be explained” – New ultra stainless steel stuns researchers

科技资讯2026-05-10

A team at the University of Hong Kong has developed a new “super steel” that can survive the harsh conditions needed to make green hydrogen from seawater。 The material uses an unexpected double-protection mechanism that resists corrosion far better than conventional stainless steel。 Even more impressive, it could replace costly titanium parts used

Memory Hove England Cannot

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Researchers say AI chatbots may blur the line between reality and delusion

科技资讯2026-05-11

A new study suggests AI chatbots may do more than spread misinformation — they can actively strengthen a user’s false beliefs。 Because conversational AI often validates and builds on what users say, it can make distorted memories, conspiracy theories, or delusions feel more believable and emotionally real。 Researchers warn that AI companions may be

Memory Hove England Researchers

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Scientists put a tiny lump of metal in two places at once in record-breaking quantum experiment

科技资讯2026-05-11

Scientists have pulled off a mind-bending quantum experiment that sounds almost impossible: they showed that tiny metal particles made of thousands of atoms can exist in multiple places at once。 Using advanced laser techniques, researchers at the University of Vienna observed quantum interference in sodium nanoparticles far larger than the kinds of

Memory Hove England Scientists

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Rivian adds a new onboard AI assistant to its latest software update

科技资讯2026-05-13

The Rivian Assistant is available for both Gen1 and Gen2 hardware

Memory Hove England Rivian

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This town found clean energy deep inside old coal mines

科技资讯2026-05-06

Cumberland, B。 is reimagining its coal mining past as a clean energy opportunity。 Water trapped in abandoned mine tunnels could be used in a geothermal system to heat and cool buildings efficiently and with minimal emissions

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AI lets chemists design molecules by simply describing them

科技资讯2026-05-06

Creating complex molecules usually requires years of experience and countless decisions, but a new AI system is changing that。 Synthegy lets chemists guide synthesis and reaction planning using simple language, while powerful algorithms generate and evaluate possible solutions。 The AI doesn’t just compute—it reasons, scoring pathways and explaining

Memory Hove England lets

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The hidden atomic gap that could break next-generation computer chips

科技资讯2026-05-09

A major obstacle may be standing in the way of the next generation of ultra-tiny computer chips。 Researchers discovered that many promising 2D materials lose their advantages because an invisible atomic-scale gap forms when they are combined with insulating layers。 That tiny gap weakens electronic performance and could prevent further miniaturizati

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搜索结果：Memory (Hove, England)

Short-Term Memory May Yet Be Deficient in Children With Language Impairments: A Comment on van der Lely &amp; Howard (1993)

Scientists built a memory chip that breaks the rules of miniaturization

The production effect and the generation effect improve memory in picture naming

How can Apple deal with the memory shortage?

Working Memory in Children With Developmental Disorders

Source Memory for Self and Other in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Verbal and Visuospatial Short-Term and Working Memory in Children: Are They Separable?

This AI knew the answers but didn’t understand the questions

Your “um” and pauses could reveal early dementia risk

Daredevil: Born Again S2 gives us a darker, grittier canvas

The Universe’s biggest black holes may be forged in violent mergers

Physicists discover quantum particles that break the rules of reality

“Cannot be explained” – New ultra stainless steel stuns researchers

Researchers say AI chatbots may blur the line between reality and delusion

Scientists put a tiny lump of metal in two places at once in record-breaking quantum experiment

Rivian adds a new onboard AI assistant to its latest software update

This town found clean energy deep inside old coal mines

AI lets chemists design molecules by simply describing them

Amazon devices chief says a new smartphone is “just not the goal”

The hidden atomic gap that could break next-generation computer chips

Short-Term Memory May Yet Be Deficient in Children With Language Impairments: A Comment on van der Lely & Howard (1993)