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Anthropomorphism is a widely used marketing strategy, yet less is known about how baby-schema anthropomorphic cues embedded in eco-friendly logos function as compact visual identity cues to promote consumers' green purchase intention through positive emotional attribution. Drawing on baby-schema theory and mental-state attribution, we examine the impact of anthropomorphic eco-friendly logos on green purchase intention, the mediating roles of perceived love and perceived hope, their sequential pathway, and the moderating effect of environmental attitude. A within-subjects study was conducted with 299 valid participants in China, using established and adapted scale items for data collection. Our results demonstrated that anthropomorphic eco-friendly logos significantly enhanced green purchase intention. Perceived love and perceived hope each mediated this relationship, and the sequential pathway from perceived love to perceived hope was also significant. Moreover, environmental attitude positively moderated the link between anthropomorphic logos and perceived love, with a stronger effect among consumers with higher pro-environmental attitudes. These findings highlight a positive emotional attribution mechanism through which anthropomorphic eco-friendly logo cues promote green consumption and clarify the boundary role of environmental attitude.

Preceptorship is a key component of medical student clinical experience. Demand for clinical preceptors is increasing. An updated understanding of why preceptors continue or discontinue these roles, particularly in pre-clerkship settings, is needed to optimize recruitment and retention. To inform recruitment and retention of pre-clerkship preceptors at a large public medical school, the authors examined preceptor motivations for precepting, reasons for leaving, and factors influencing a successful preceptorship. The authors conducted an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study (survey followed by semi-structured interviews) between September 2024 and December 2024. Participants were current and former pre-clerkship preceptors from 57 clinical sites across 22 organizations in academic and community clinical settings. Rapid qualitative methods using templated summaries and matrix analysis were applied to identify major themes. A total of 202 current and former pre-clerkship medical student preceptors participated in surveys characterizing their experiences: 158 current preceptors (including 36 planning to stop) and 44 former preceptors with a 70% response rate. Most preceptors cited a love of teaching as their primary motivation. Thematic analysis identified three themes: (1) Preceptors chose to precept because they love teaching-when they leave it is often related to life and work-related factors; (2) Heavy clinical workload was a barrier to a good preceptorship experience; (3) The importance of guidance flexibility, and supportive structures for preceptors. Pre-clerkship preceptors are primarily motivated by a passion for teaching, but personal and professional pressures contribute to attrition. Addressing clinical workload and providing flexible, supportive program structures may improve preceptor retention.

BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health and human rights issue, yet survivors' agency is often framed narrowly within linear victim-survivor narratives that overlook how intersecting identities and structural constraints shape their options and responses. Objectives: To explore how women who have experienced IPV negotiate agency and reclaim voice within intersecting social, cultural, and personal borderlands of experience.DesignQualitative narrative inquiry informed by intersectionality and borderlands theory.MethodsTwo women living in a Canadian city, who self -identified as having experienced IPV and had been out of violent relationships for at least three years, participated in biweekly narrative conversations from August to December 2023. Analysis attended to intersecting social locations (including Indigeneity, sexuality, socioeconomic position, and professional roles) and to liminal in-between moments of safety and danger, love and abuse, dependence and resistance, silence and voice.ResultsAnalysis identified three interrelated movements in women's agency over time, regressive transformation, hibernation, and progressive transformation, operating simultaneously rather than sequentially. For example, Aila's parenting decisions revealed agency constrained by child welfare surveillance yet oriented toward intergenerational change, while Artemisia rediscovered her pre-abuse self through old journals and art, illustrating hibernated agency gradually re-emerging.ConclusionThis study challenges linear victim-survivor models of recovery by conceptualizing agency as a dynamic, relational process shaped by intersectional locations and borderland spaces. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is abuse by a current or former partner. It affects millions of people worldwide and causes serious, lasting harm to physical and mental health. Much of what has been written about this issue focuses on the moment a survivor leaves an abusive relationship, as if that single decision defines their experience. But surviving abuse is far more complicated than that. This study shares the stories of two women in Canada, called Aila and Artemisia, who experienced IPV. Over five months, each woman had in-depth conversations with the researcher about their relationships, how they coped, and how they rebuilt their lives. Their stories were analyzed paying close attention to how factors like race, sexuality, economic situation, and personal history shaped their experiences in unique ways. Three patterns emerged from both women’s stories. First, over time, abuse gradually wore down their confidence, independence, and sense of self. Second, both women went through periods of going quiet and suppressing their feelings and opinions. This was not out of weakness, but as a way to stay safe. Third, both women slowly began to rediscover themselves, often through small acts like setting a boundary, speaking up, or imagining a different future. Importantly, these were not neat, one-after-another stages. The women moved back and forth between all three at different times and in different parts of their lives. This research challenges the idea that recovery is a straight line from victim to survivor. It shows that strength looks different for every person. Support services need to respect that complexity rather than expecting women to follow a single path to healing.

Subungual glomus tumors are rare benign vascular neoplasms arising from the neuromyoarterial glomus body. Despite a characteristic clinical triad of severe localized pain, point tenderness, and cold hypersensitivity, prolonged diagnostic delay is common and represents a significant source of patient morbidity. A 39-year-old male presented with a 10-year history of severe subungual pain in the right ring finger that remained undiagnosed across multiple consultations with different specialists. Plain radiography excluded bony involvement, and MRI confirmed a well-defined T2-hyperintense subungual lesion consistent with a glomus tumor. Complete excision was performed via a transungual approach with full nail apparatus preservation. Histopathology confirmed a benign glomus tumor (glomangioma) with diffuse smooth muscle actin positivity. The patient was pain-free at the six-month follow-up with no recurrence. This case underscores the importance of clinical vigilance in patients with chronic unexplained fingertip pain. Early application of the Love and Hildreth tests, followed by MRI, enables timely diagnosis. Complete surgical excision with nail preservation achieves excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes and prevents years of unnecessary patient suffering.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created substantial social, economic, and psychological challenges worldwide. This study examines changes in subjective well-being and happiness patterns during the COVID-19 period compared with the pre-pandemic period in Türkiye as an emerging country context. We analyze nationally representative Life Satisfaction Survey data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) for the 2019-2021 period, covering approximately 10 thousand individuals aged 18 and above each year. Multinomial logistic regression models are employed for each year, preserving the original five-category happiness variable ranging from "very happy" to "very unhappy". First, during the COVID-19 period, the percentage of individuals who defined themselves as happy or very happy decreased from approximately 54% in 2019 to 48.7% in 2020, before slightly recovering to 50.1% in 2021. Second, "health" remained the most frequently reported source of happiness among categories such as success, job, love, and money both before and during the pandemic period. The findings indicate that the main determinants of happiness remained broadly stable during the pandemic-period years, although the magnitude of several associations changed. Women reported higher happiness levels than men, whereas employed women exhibited relatively lower happiness levels. Having a job alone did not consistently affect happiness; however, employed individuals with at least a high school education tended to report higher happiness levels before the pandemic period. Furthermore, higher income, being married, health satisfaction, income satisfaction, and social life satisfaction were positively associated with happiness. A U-shaped relationship between happiness and age groups was also observed. Although higher-income individuals consistently reported greater happiness levels, the strength of this association weakened during the pandemic-period years. Finally, hopefulness about the future demonstrated the strongest and most consistent association with happiness. Hopeful individuals exhibited substantially greater odds of belonging to the "very happy" category, with odds ratios of approximately 18.0 in 2019, 15.1 in 2020, and 17.9 in 2021. The findings suggest that although happiness levels declined during the COVID-19 period in Türkiye, the main determinants of happiness remained largely stable. Socioeconomic conditions, health satisfaction, and future expectations were important factors associated with happiness, while hopefulness about the future emerged as the strongest and most consistent predictor across all years.

Remotely triggered earthquakes have emerged as a compelling yet puzzling phenomenon for advancing seismic-hazard forecasting. Here, we propose a unifying mechanism to explain their enigmatic behaviors, that is, the pore-pressure dynamics in fault gouge. Using a bounding surface model rooted in critical-state soil mechanics, we embed gouge deformation into a computational framework that tracks stress evolution under the perturbation of teleseismic waves. Our simulations reveal that dynamic loading drives pore-pressure increases several times larger than the applied stress amplitude, thus markedly weakening the fault and enabling failure under minimal perturbations. Also, we show that compressional components of the waves amplify pore pressure far more than shear components, explaining the superior triggering capacity of Rayleigh waves over Love waves. Given that pore pressure dissipates slowly in low-permeability gouge, weakening persists well beyond the transient forcing, promoting elevated seismicity after wave passage. Together, these results establish fault-gouge pore-pressure dynamics as a fundamental mechanism for remote earthquake triggering.

Minimizing tension in skin tissue is one of the key factors in reconstructive surgery, as residual stress after defect closure directly affects tissue regeneration and wound healing. To achieve the required skin mobility and thereby reduce tension, careful flap design is essential. Because skin exhibits intrinsic in-plane anisotropy arising from the preferred orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis and its mechanical properties vary across anatomical regions, incorporating skin mechanics into surgical planning is therefore crucial. To investigate the interaction between flap design and skin anisotropy, we utilized a silicone-based skin surrogate fabricated by 3D printing with a uniform stacking direction and developed a flap mechanics testbed that enables the controlled application of pretension. Three canonical flap designs, advancement, rotation, and transposition, were examined under different anisotropic orientations, with circular defects introduced into the skin surrogate. The kinematics during the flap closure were acquired by tracking marked control points using 3D scanning, and the deformation and maximum principal stress fields were in turn reconstructed from these kinematic measurements using a B-spline tensor product surface representation and Kirchhoff-Love shell kinematics, without solving a boundary-value problem. The resulting stress fields show that both flap type and its orientation relative to the underlying anisotropy influence residual stress distributions. These findings underscore the importance of considering both skin anisotropy and proper flap design to minimize post-operative tension and demonstrate that the proposed computational and experimental framework can guide the optimal flap orientation for a given defect geometry and anisotropy.

For many Chinese sexual minority men, coming out-disclosing their sexual orientation-is stressful because of concerns about how heterosexual recipients may react. This study examined predictors of those reactions and applied machine learning to model them. Between August 2022 and January 2023, we screened 54,902 individuals on a Chinese crowdsourcing platform and recruited 650 Chinese cisgender heterosexual participants who had experienced a coming-out encounter with a sexual minority man. Participants reported on 85 personal, contextual, and behavioral factors surrounding the encounter. Bivariate analyses and machine learning models revealed that background characteristics-such as the recipient's sex, age, and relationship to the discloser-were the strongest predictors of reactions. Smaller contributions emerged from select contextual parameters and coming-out strategies: negative reactions were linked to disclosures involving a love confession, assault, or substance use by disclosers; positive reactions were associated with recipients anticipating the disclosure and disclosers referencing a same-sex romantic relationship. The machine learning models captured complex interactions among predictors. These models achieved moderate predictive accuracy (ACC = 0.62-0.65, R2 = 0.20-0.31), comparable to that reported in prior machine learning studies in social and personality psychology. While recipients' reactions are predictable, improving coming-out experiences in high-stigma contexts requires attention to the recipient-side processes that sustain or challenge heteronormative norms.

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder globally. Despite growing attention to palliative care in Parkinson's disease, little is known about what constitutes a "good death" from the perspective of people living with Parkinson's disease (PLwPD). To explore the meaning of a good death for PLwPD. In this cross-sectional multicentre qualitative study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 PLwPD recruited through purposive sampling from four geriatric and neurology outpatient clinics between May 2021 and December 2022. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The process involved independent coding and iterative discussions grounded in a constructionist paradigm. The sample was diverse in terms of race, gender, age, religious affiliation, educational background, and disease stage. We identified two major themes related to the participants' last days of life: Fears and Coping. Reported fears included experiencing disability, pain and discomfort, fear of feeling shame, fear of being a burden, fear of being abandoned and left helpless. Coping was a multidimensional theme, comprising the relational experience of feeling well cared for (defined by being valued, receiving clear and honest communication, and being treated with love and kindness) alongside the active strategies of finding opportunities for joy and drawing on religiosity and spirituality. Religiosity/spirituality appeared as a key factor in emotional regulation, fostering a sense of purpose and acceptance in the face of death. Our findings suggest that improving palliative care for PLwPD requires an approach that actively addresses specific fears and strengthens the multiple dimensions of coping, which include fostering opportunities for joy, supporting spirituality, and enhancing the relational experience of feeling well cared for. This study illuminates often-overlooked aspects of care and provides a basis for the development of person-centered interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of dying-and of life-in this population.

This study explored relational experiences among young adults with cancer and their self-chosen caregivers (friends and partners) across the cancer trajectory. A national, multicentre qualitative study was conducted in oncology and haematology settings at all five Danish University Hospitals. Individual semi-structured interviews were undertaken with young adults with cancer (diagnosed when aged 18-39 years) and their self-chosen friends or partners as caregivers. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and reported in accordance with COREQ. Nine young adults with cancer (aged 23-36 years) and 13 informal caregivers (aged 22-34 years) participated (partners n = 7, friends n = 6). Three themes were identified: (1) Holding on to Normality in a Youth Life on Pause, young adult with cancer and caregiver dyads created "breathing spaces" through everyday routines while navigating disruptions in body, mood, and participation in youth contexts; (2) Navigating Help, Needs, and Boundaries, young adults with cancer and their caregiver balanced requesting and offering support, preferred concrete help, and engaged in mutual protection, with professional support rarely accessed; and (3) Shifting Roles in the Relationship, relationships evolved toward "love and logistics", and support was organised in changing circles of closeness, with friends often occupying an "in-between" position. Cancer in young adulthood emerges as a relational phenomenon. Acknowledging partners and friends as caregivers, and fostering communication, boundary setting, and role negotiation, may reinforce dyadic coping processes and support the continuity of everyday life.

Shared decision-making (SDM) in mainland Chinese clinical contexts is characterized by a persistent ethical tension between Confucian familism, which prioritizes collective family interests, and the Western principle of patient autonomy, which emphasizes individual rights. This tension has led to widespread clinical challenges, including family-driven protective information concealment and ambiguous boundaries between supportive and intrusive family involvement. Current literature lacks an integrated, culturally responsive framework to reconcile these tensions. This study therefore develops a Confucian ren-based model that harmonizes patient autonomy with familial values within Chinese healthcare settings. We employed a dual methodology of theoretical reconstruction and clinical case analysis. First, we elucidated the conceptual structure, strengths, and limitations of Confucian benevolence ethics (e.g., familism, filial piety, graded love) in medical decision-making. Second, illustrative clinical cases were examined to assess the consequences of excessive family intervention on autonomy and outcomes. Finally, a cross-culturally informed model was developed through critical engagement with the Whānau Ora approach (New Zealand) and Hong Kong's "moderate familism" practice. Two illustrative clinical cases from mainland Chinese practice are analyzed to demonstrate how the proposed model addresses real-world ethical dilemmas. We propose a tiered collaborative decision‑making model centered on patient autonomy, with moderated family involvement serving as a flexible boundary. Ethical prioritization varies by context. (1) For routine treatment decisions, family‑led decision‑making, supported by structured family meeting documentation, is applied when patients delegate authority or lack capacity, thereby ensuring cultural alignment and efficiency. (2) In high‑risk interventions, mandatory tripartite shared decision‑making (clinician-patient-family) is initiated, utilizing decision aids to integrate clinical evidence, patient values, and familial concerns. (3) For end‑of‑life care, advance directives take precedence, with multidisciplinary ethics committees mediating disagreements. This framework repositions Confucian relational ethics as a resource for reinforcing patient subjectivity, establishing a "moderate familism" model that harmonizes patient, family, and clinician roles. It not only addresses institutional contradictions between legal individualism and cultural collectivism in Chinese medical practice but also offers a multicultural-sensitive paradigm for global bioethics.

Female dentists make up a large proportion in China and often face heavy workloads and occupational pressure. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current situation, challenges and mental health conditions of female dentists in China. A cross-sectional survey among female dentists in China was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The survey collected information on demographic characteristics, workload, income satisfaction, psychological status, occupational stress, and occupational attitudes. Logistic regression was used to analyse factors associated with income satisfaction, anxiety symptoms, depressive emotions, and professional commitment. A total of 3,504 valid responses from female dentists across China were collected. 27.22% participants reported income dissatisfaction, with 55.5% perceiving income not proportional to their effort and 45.32% believing they earned less than male colleagues of the same level. Age, practice status, clinical specialty, annual income and workload all affect income satisfaction. Family responsibilities substantially impacted careers, with 44.06% having given up opportunities for advancement due to family reasons. Mental health burdens were substantial, with 97.6% reporting occasional or frequent anxiety and 86.24% experiencing depressive moods. Work-family imbalance is the strongest positive predictor of anxiety and depression. A total of 78.48% participants expressed love for their profession, though only 40.83% would actively recommend it to others. Dissatisfaction with income, work intensity and promotion speed and work-family imbalance significantly reduces professional commitment. Female dentists in China constitute a highly qualified group yet facing multifaceted professional obstacles. Income satisfaction, psychological well-being, and occupational enthusiasm among female dentists are influenced by multiple factors. Systemic interventions are urgently needed to address pay equity, provide support for work-family balance and mental health to ensure a sustainable and healthy future for the dental workforce. This survey provides important insights into the current career landscape of female dentists in China and may inform strategies aimed at improving porfessional development and workforce equity.

Religious disaffiliation, the act of leaving or choosing to no longer affiliate with a religious tradition, has individual and relational consequences. While not every family experiences challenges after the disclosure of religious disaffiliation, many report relational consequences including loss of family and community ties, secret keeping, lying, and tension in family relationships. Although disaffiliation research is becoming more common, there are still large gaps in the literature about the relational impacts of disaffiliation, as well as information about families who navigate these changes well. The current study aimed to begin filling these gaps in the literature by focusing on how families maintain family relationships after religious disaffiliation from the perspective of the disaffiliated individual. Using constructivist grounded theory, 20 individuals in the United States of America were interviewed about their disaffiliation experience and the factors that allowed them to maintain family relationships. The analysis resulted in the development of a dynamic model characterized by two processes: disaffiliated individual actions and perceived joint actions. Both processes are built upon a foundation of love and the desire to maintain family relationships. Clinical implications, such as facilitating perspective taking, communication skills training, and aiding clients in building community, are discussed.