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Subdermal contraceptive implants (SCIs) are a widely used form of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) with high efficacy (Pearl Index 0.00, 95% CI: 0.00-0.14). However, upper limb neurovascular injuries related to SCI insertion and removal are increasingly reported. The true incidence of these complications cannot be reliably estimated from the current literature, which is largely limited to case reports and small case series, although sporadic cases are being described with increasing frequency. These injuries may result in significant morbidity, including chronic neuropathic pain, sensorimotor deficits, and functional impairment, yet standardized management guidelines remain lacking. This study aims to systematically review the literature on SCI-associated upper limb peripheral nerve injuries and present a case series of affected patients treated by the senior authors. The findings are intended to inform evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and management of these injuries. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify and characterize SCI-associated PNIs. Data extraction included demographics, injury-related factors (incidence, clinical presentation, implant type, timing of injury (insertion/removal), nerve injury classification and functional deficits at presentation, and treatment-related factors (management strategies and patient outcomes at latest follow-up). A prospectively collated bi-institutional case series of patients presenting with PNI's following SCI procedures is also presented. This systematic review identified 24 patients (mean age 28.5 y, range: 19 to 51) with 26 PNIs linked to subdermal contraceptive implants. Most injuries occurred during removal (67%), with the ulnar nerve most frequently affected (52% n=14), followed by the median (26% n=7) and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves (22% n=6). Injury severity included neuropraxia (33%, n=9), axonotmesis (26%, n=7), axonotmesis with neuroma-in-continuity (33%, n=9), and partial nerve transection (7%, n=2). Surgical intervention was required in 56% (n=13) of cases. At the latest follow-up, 39% (n=9) achieved full recovery, 43% (n=10) had partial recovery, and 9% (n=2) had no recovery. Our case series of 6 patients mirrored these findings, with injuries ranging from transient neuropraxia to persistent deficits. SCI-associated PNIs can cause significant morbidity. The ulnar nerve is particularly at risk, especially during removal, with implant impalpability contributing to injury severity. This study underscores the need for enhanced practitioner training, improved insertion and removal techniques, and consideration of alternative insertion sites to mitigate nerve injury risks. Image-guided removal should be standard practice for impalpable implants.

Estrogen is a lipid-soluble steroid hormone and one of the most important female sex hormones.It mainly functions by interacting with estrogen receptors,maintaining normal physiological and pathophysiological functions of the body,and playing a crucial role in regulating blood glucose homeostasis,metabolism,and physiological processes associated with brain learning and memory.Recent studies have shown that estrogen has potential therapeutic effects on diabetes,cognitive impairment and other diseases.It will provide new ideas and treatment strategies for diabetes,Alzheimer's disease,and their comorbidity by regulating the activity of estrogen and the interaction with estrogen receptors to modulate related pathological and physiological processes.This article reviews the latest research progress in the relationship between estrogen and these diseases,providing a new perspective and prospect for the prevention and treatment of diabetes,Alzheimer's disease,and their comorbidity. 雌激素是一种脂溶性类固醇激素,是最重要的女性性激素之一。它们主要通过与雌激素受体相互作用发挥作用,维持机体的正常生理及病理生理功能,并在调节血糖稳态、新陈代谢、大脑学习和记忆相关的生理过程方面发挥重要作用。近年研究表明,雌激素对糖尿病和认知障碍等疾病存在潜在的治疗作用。通过调控雌激素的活性和与雌激素受体的相互作用调节相关病理和生理过程,将为糖尿病、阿尔茨海默病及二者共病等相关疾病提供新的思路和治疗策略。本文主要综述雌激素与这些疾病之间关系的最新研究进展,为糖尿病、阿尔茨海默病及二者共病的预防和治疗提供新的视角与前景。.

Lysosomes serve as critical intracellular hubs for degradation and signaling, playing a central role in maintaining immune homeostasis. In recent years, lysosomal functions have been conceptualized as a series of "checkpoints" that finely regulate the initiation and progression of autoimmune kidney diseases. This review systematically examines the multifaceted roles of lysosomal checkpoints in renal autoimmunity, with a focus on their mechanisms in autoantigen processing and presentation, immune cell activation and breakdown of tolerance, and the emerging area of metabolic-immune crosstalk. By integrating the latest research, this article aims to elucidate the potential of targeting lysosomal pathways as a novel therapeutic strategy for autoimmune kidney diseases such as lupus nephritis and ANCA-associated vasculitis.

In the latest issue of Cell Genomics, Lea Starita, Florence Abadie, and colleagues present "A multiplex, prime editing framework for identifying drug resistance variants at scale."

Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is a devastating cerebrovascular disease with high global morbidity, mortality, and disability rates, posing a severe burden on public health and socioeconomic development. Conventional Western medical interventions, while effective in the acute phase, are limited in mitigating long-term neurological sequelae and improving functional outcomes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has accumulated rich experience in CIS treatment over millennia, with Banxia-Baizhu-Tianma Decoction (BBTD) and acupuncture as pivotal evidence-based therapies. This review synthesizes the latest advances in CIS pathophysiological mechanisms and elaborates the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of BBTD, acupuncture, and their combination. BBTD, a classical TCM formula for resolving phlegm, calming wind, invigorating the spleen and eliminating dampness, exerts neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vascular-protective effects via multi-targeted regulation, with its constituent herbs acting synergistically. Acupuncture, a WHO-endorsed TCM component, alleviates CIS by inhibiting glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload and inflammatory cascades, promoting angiogenesis, neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, mediated by regulating neurotransmitters, cytokines, growth factors and key signaling pathways. Preliminary clinical studies suggest that combined BBTD and acupuncture may be superior to monotherapy, showing potential in improving cerebral perfusion, reducing inflammatory markers and blood lipids, enhancing motor function and daily activities, and lowering disability rates. Despite limitations, preclinical and clinical evidence supports this integrative TCM strategy. This review concludes that BBTD and acupuncture may exert synergistic effects by targeting overlapping CIS pathophysiological pathways, and highlights the need for large-scale, high-quality RCTs and in-depth mechanistic studies to validate efficacy and promote clinical translation.

Radiation exposure can cause two main types of dermatitis: acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) and chronic radiation dermatitis (CRD). ARD appears days to weeks after exposure, with symptoms including redness, peeling, and blistering. At the same time, CRD develops over months to years, resulting in long-lasting skin changes such as fibrosis, pigmentation, and telangiectasia. Most studies on radiation dermatitis focus on ARD, yet doctors must update their knowledge about CRD, as it affects approximately one-third of patients. This review aims to present the current knowledge of CRD as an update to our previous work published in 2016. We focused mainly on the latest advancements and challenges in its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment as of 2024. It is even more critical to treat CRD effectively, as during the last eight years, the life expectancy of oncologic patients has significantly improved. Recent studies unraveled much about the pathophysiological mechanisms behind CRD, including the roles of micro ribonucleoacids (miRNAs), epigenetic factors, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Innovations in radiotherapy techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and personalized protective shields, have reduced the incidence and severity of CRD. New pharmacological interventions, including topical agents and systemic medications, can manage symptoms like erythema, dryness, and fibrosis. However, there are still substantial challenges in managing the long-term effects of CRD. Combining genetic and imaging data may be a way to predict who is likely to develop CRD and to create personalized treatment plans.

Previously, our group piloted an outpatient STAT neuroimaging pathway for optic disc swelling patients, typically referred to the emergency department (ED) for urgent neuroimaging. The STAT pathway is an alternative facilitating urgent outpatient MRIs, avoiding significant ED wait times and costs without compromising clinical outcomes. This study assesses demographic and BMI-based inequities in STAT pathway efficacy and clinical outcomes. A retrospective chart review identified patients receiving STAT outpatient or ED-based neuroimaging for optic disc swelling between 2020 and 2024. Data were collected on demographics and clinical characteristics at presentation and latest follow-up and STAT MRI scheduling/completion. Univariate and bivariate analyses evaluated for demographic-based outcome differences among STAT patients and compared demographic characteristics of STAT and ED patients. Multivariate regressions examined predictors of changes in ophthalmologic measures over time. We examined 50 STAT and 63 ED patients. Among STAT patients, females were relatively younger with higher BMIs, baseline VF MDs, and baseline RNFL thickness (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;.05 for all). Blacks were younger than whites (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;.01). There were no significant demographic or BMI-based differences in clinical outcomes or MRI scheduling/completion rates among STAT patients. Multivariate models revealed no significant predictors of changes in ophthalmologic measures over time for STAT patients. The STAT and ED cohorts had similar demographic profiles. Overall, there were no demographic variations in outcomes or MRI scheduling/completion rates or differences in the demographic composition between the STAT and ED cohorts. These findings support the STAT protocol as an equitable alternative to ED-based care for a subgroup of patients with optic disc swelling.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition has emerged as a prominent approach in cancer treatment, leading to the development of several poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), which have demonstrated substantial progress in clinical trials and efficacy in the management of ovarian cancer (OC), breast cancer (BC), and solid tumors (STs). These PARPi are approved for several cancers, including BC and OC. Among PARPi, Talazoparib (Talzenna&#xae;) is a potent therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic BC (mBC) with germline BRCA mutations (gBRCAm) and HER2-negative status, demonstrating the highest potency (IC50 = 0.57 nM), which is 4-10 times lower than that of other PARP inhibitors; olaparib (2.0 nM), rucaparib (1.9 nM), and veliparib (4.7 nM), indicating superior efficacy. This review describes the role of BRCA1/2 in BC and OC, highlighting key discovery milestones and providing an overview of available PARP inhibitors (PARPi) at various stages of development. Additionally, it details the discovery and development of talazoparib, one of the key PARPis, its current clinical status, and therapeutic implications. The latest advancements in talazoparib research, including all related clinical trials (Phase 1-3) for the treatment of BC, OC, and other solid tumors (STs), are also summarized. A comprehensive analysis of all clinical trials involving talazoparib, whether as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, elucidates its potential to improve clinical outcomes, address drug resistance, and explore synergistic combinations with other PARPi or novel agents, thereby providing insights into the clinical utility of talazoparib.

The structural and functional modification of natural polysaccharides is a key research area in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. However, traditional modification techniques suffer from limitations such as low efficiency and significant pollution. As the demand for efficient and environmentally friendly polysaccharide modification methods grows, cold plasma, an emerging, eco-friendly, and non-thermal treatment technology, offers a highly promising strategy for altering the structural and functional properties of polysaccharides. This review provides an in-depth overview of the latest advances in the cold plasma modification of natural polysaccharides. It elucidates the generation methods, mechanisms, and regulatory factors of this technology, while analyzing its effects on the structure, physicochemical properties, and biological activities of polysaccharides, such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory effects. The application of plasma-activated water is also introduced, and the challenges associated with industrialization and future directions are discussed. This review provides theoretical support for the high-value utilization of polysaccharides.

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN) is the most common secondary glomerular disease in children, and the severity of renal involvement is a critical determinant of long-term prognosis. Although renal biopsy remains the gold standard for pathological diagnosis, its invasive nature and delayed indication limit its utility for early monitoring. With the advancement of precision medicine, identifying non-invasive and sensitive biomarkers has become an urgent clinical need. In recent years, beyond classical immune-inflammatory indicators, the application of high-throughput technologies such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has provided a new dimension for the systematic characterization of the IgAVN molecular landscape. This review summarizes the current status of research on IgAVN biomarkers, focusing on the latest breakthroughs ranging from core immune molecules like Gd-IgA1 to multi-omics "fingerprints." Furthermore, it critically analyzes the challenges currently faced in the clinical translation of these findings, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for establishing an early warning system and personalized diagnosis and treatment strategies for IgAVN.

The modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) faces considerable challenges, primarily due to the poor water solubility, low chemical stability, and limited oral bioavailability of its active components. These limitations hinder the translation of Natural Compounds from Chinese Herbal Medicine (NCCHMs) from basic research to clinical applications. Recently, the advent of DNA nanotechnology has provided innovative solutions to address these challenges. Among these, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), a novel class of programmable nanomaterials, show significant promise as ideal drug delivery carriers. Their precisely controllable three-dimensional structure, excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, efficient cellular uptake, and remarkable ability to penetrate biological barriers contribute to their potential. This review systematically examines the latest advancements in using tFNAs as efficient delivery platforms to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of NCCHMs against various diseases. It begins with an overview of tFNA synthesis, key physicochemical properties, and inherent biological effects, before exploring the passive targeting capability of tFNAs. This capability allows for efficient drug delivery to target organs, such as the liver, kidneys, brain, and joints, through various administration routes. The core section focuses on strategies for conjugating tFNAs with various natural compounds and active components from TCM, including groove binding, intercalation, and covalent linkage. Drawing on studies from diverse disease models-such as obesity, radiation-induced cystitis, osteoarthritis, acute kidney injury, and diabetic retinopathy-the review demonstrates that tFNA-NCCHMs significantly enhance drug stability, increase target-site concentration, reduce toxic side effects, and provide synergistic therapeutic effects.Finally, this review provides future perspectives, highlighting the potential of tFNA-NCCHMs in advancing TCM from an "empirical medicine" to an "evidence-based" precision medicine approach. With precise functionalization modifications (e.g., targeting peptides, stimulus-responsive elements), stability optimization, and interdisciplinary integration with fields such as artificial intelligence and immunotherapy, the tFNA-NCCHMs delivery system holds great promise for the modernization and global integration of TCM.

Chronic wounds are characterized by persistent inflammation and altered microenvironments, exhibiting prolonged healing and difficult repair, presenting significant therapeutic challenges. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), by binding to its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), participates in cellular regulation, wound repair, and inflammatory response processes, playing an important role in chronic wound healing. This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic wounds, the mechanisms of action of the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway in chronic wound healing, and the latest research progress on its potential as a therapeutic target.

The furopyrimidine scaffold represents a promising core, integrated into numerous compounds targeting cancer and viral infections. Its appeal derives from efficient, accessible synthetic methods. Furthermore, the fused heterocyclic framework acts as a bio-isostere for purines, facilitating interactions across diverse biological pathways. Herein, we review the latest synthetic strategies for the furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine core over the past decade, alongside their established anticancer potential, including the structure-activity relationship and probable mechanism of action, and how they have advanced to preclinical and early research stages.

Early notification of journal readers of the existence of publication integrity concerns by an editorial expression of concern (EoC) can mitigate the adverse effects of unreliable research. We extracted EoCs and retraction notices from the Retraction Watch database up until the end of 2024. We assessed temporal trends in publication of each notice, the proportion of retracted papers with an associated EoC, and the timing of EoCs according to publication date and retraction status. We examined the ratio of EoCs to retractions among authors, including those with multiple retractions, and among both journals and publishers. EoCs were rarely published during the 14y assessment period. Only 3.3% of retracted papers had a preceding EoC. For 56% of publications with an EoC, the EoC was the latest notice. 92% of authors had an EoC:retraction ratio&#x2009;<&#x2009;1. Only 35% of authors with > 5 retractions had an EoC, and 99% had an EoC:retraction ratio&#x2009;<&#x2009;1. Publication of an EoC was more common in journals which had published&#x2009;>&#x2009;5 retractions than in those which had published&#x2009;<&#x2009;5. EoCs are rarely employed during the assessment of publication integrity concerns. Journal readers are disadvantaged by delayed notification of potentially unreliable research.

To further standardize the clinical application of integrated PET/MRI brain imaging for brain gliomas in China, improve the level of precision diagnosis and management, promote standardized care, and provide evidence-based and consensus recommendations for imaging professionals and clinicians, this guideline was jointly developed by the Chinese Society of Medical Imaging Technology, Chinese Society of Radiology, Chinese Society of Nuclear Medicine, the Beijing Society of Nuclear Medicine, and the Beijing Society of Radiology, with the participation of multidisciplinary experts from nuclear medicine, radiology, neurosurgery, neuro-oncology, and radiation oncology, through multiple rounds of consensus meetings. Brain gliomas are among the most common primary brain tumors of the central nervous system, encompassing a wide spectrum of tumor grades and diverse biological behaviors. Key aspects of their clinical management include accurate diagnosis and grading, tumor extent delineation, preoperative evaluation and radiation therapy target planning, as well as differentiation between post-treatment recurrence and treatment-related changes. Integrated PET/MRI enables simultaneous acquisition of PET molecular metabolic information and multiparametric MRI structural and functional information within a single examination, effectively facilitating the above processes and serving as an important imaging modality for the precise diagnosis and treatment of brain gliomas. As integrated PET/MRI systems become increasingly available in China, broader clinical implementation continues to face challenges in appropriate indication selection, standardization of imaging workflows and parameter settings, image post-processing and assessment, consistency of image interpretation, and reporting. Grounded in the current accessibility of integrated PET/MRI equipment and tracers in China and in the latest domestic and international evidence-based research, and closely aligned with the realities of Chinese clinical practice, this guideline provides recommendations across key domains-clinical indications, examination and quality-control workflows, image interpretation, and standardized reporting-with the aim of offering systematic and practical evidence-based guidance for imaging specialists and clinicians involved in glioma care. &#x4e3a;&#x8fdb;&#x4e00;&#x6b65;&#x89c4;&#x8303;&#x6211;&#x56fd;&#x8111;&#x80f6;&#x8d28;&#x7624;&#x4e00;&#x4f53;&#x5316;PET/MRI&#x8111;&#x6210;&#x50cf;&#x7684;&#x4e34;&#x5e8a;&#x5e94;&#x7528;&#xff0c;&#x63d0;&#x9ad8;&#x8111;&#x80f6;&#x8d28;&#x7624;&#x7684;&#x7cbe;&#x51c6;&#x8bca;&#x7597;&#x6c34;&#x5e73;&#x3001;&#x4fc3;&#x8fdb;&#x89c4;&#x8303;&#x5316;&#x7ba1;&#x7406;&#x5e76;&#x4e3a;&#x5f71;&#x50cf;&#x76f8;&#x5173;&#x4e13;&#x4e1a;&#x4eba;&#x5458;&#x4e0e;&#x4e34;&#x5e8a;&#x533b;&#x5e08;&#x63d0;&#x4f9b;&#x5faa;&#x8bc1;&#x4e0e;&#x5171;&#x8bc6;&#x5efa;&#x8bae;&#xff0c;&#x7531;&#x4e2d;&#x56fd;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x5f71;&#x50cf;&#x6280;&#x672f;&#x7814;&#x7a76;&#x4f1a;&#x3001;&#x4e2d;&#x534e;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x4f1a;&#x653e;&#x5c04;&#x5b66;&#x5206;&#x4f1a;&#x3001;&#x4e2d;&#x534e;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x4f1a;&#x6838;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x5206;&#x4f1a;&#x3001;&#x5317;&#x4eac;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x4f1a;&#x6838;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x5206;&#x4f1a;&#x3001;&#x5317;&#x4eac;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x4f1a;&#x653e;&#x5c04;&#x5b66;&#x5206;&#x4f1a;&#x8054;&#x5408;&#x7ec4;&#x7ec7;&#xff0c;&#x96c6;&#x7ed3;&#x6838;&#x533b;&#x5b66;&#x79d1;&#x3001;&#x653e;&#x5c04;&#x79d1;&#x3001;&#x795e;&#x7ecf;&#x5916;&#x79d1;&#x3001;&#x795e;&#x7ecf;&#x80bf;&#x7624;&#x79d1;&#x3001;&#x653e;&#x5c04;&#x80bf;&#x7624;&#x79d1;&#x7b49;&#x591a;&#x5b66;&#x79d1;&#x4e13;&#x5bb6;&#xff0c;&#x7ecf;&#x591a;&#x8f6e;&#x5171;&#x8bc6;&#x4f1a;&#x8bae;&#x5236;&#x8ba2;&#x4e86;&#x672c;&#x6307;&#x5357;&#x3002;&#x8111;&#x80f6;&#x8d28;&#x7624;&#x662f;&#x4e2d;&#x67a2;&#x795e;&#x7ecf;&#x7cfb;&#x7edf;&#x6700;&#x5e38;&#x89c1;&#x7684;&#x539f;&#x53d1;&#x6027;&#x8111;&#x80bf;&#x7624;&#x4e4b;&#x4e00;&#xff0c;&#x80bf;&#x7624;&#x5206;&#x7ea7;&#x8de8;&#x5ea6;&#x5e7f;&#x3001;&#x751f;&#x7269;&#x5b66;&#x884c;&#x4e3a;&#x5404;&#x5f02;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x4e34;&#x5e8a;&#x7ba1;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x952e;&#x5728;&#x4e8e;&#x7cbe;&#x51c6;&#x8bca;&#x65ad;&#x4e0e;&#x5206;&#x7ea7;&#x3001;&#x80bf;&#x7624;&#x8303;&#x56f4;&#x754c;&#x5b9a;&#x3001;&#x672f;&#x524d;&#x8bc4;&#x4f30;&#x4e0e;&#x653e;&#x7597;&#x9776;&#x533a;&#x89c4;&#x5212;&#xff0c;&#x4ee5;&#x53ca;&#x6cbb;&#x7597;&#x540e;&#x590d;&#x53d1;&#x4e0e;&#x6cbb;&#x7597;&#x76f8;&#x5173;&#x6539;&#x53d8;&#x7684;&#x9274;&#x522b;&#x3002;&#x4e00;&#x4f53;&#x5316;PET/MRI&#x53ef;&#x5728;&#x540c;&#x4e00;&#x68c0;&#x67e5;&#x4e2d;&#x540c;&#x6b65;&#x83b7;&#x53d6;PET&#x5206;&#x5b50;&#x4ee3;&#x8c22;&#x4fe1;&#x606f;&#x4e0e;&#x591a;&#x53c2;&#x6570;MRI&#x7ed3;&#x6784;&#x53ca;&#x529f;&#x80fd;&#x4fe1;&#x606f;&#xff0c;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x8f85;&#x52a9;&#x4e0a;&#x8ff0;&#x73af;&#x8282;&#xff0c;&#x662f;&#x8111;&#x80f6;&#x8d28;&#x7624;&#x7cbe;&#x51c6;&#x8bca;&#x7597;&#x7684;&#x91cd;&#x8981;&#x5f71;&#x50cf;&#x624b;&#x6bb5;&#x3002;&#x867d;&#x7136;&#x4e00;&#x4f53;&#x5316;PET/MRI&#x8bbe;&#x5907;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x56fd;&#x9010;&#x6b65;&#x666e;&#x53ca;&#xff0c;&#x4f46;&#x5176;&#x4e34;&#x5e8a;&#x63a8;&#x5e7f;&#x4ecd;&#x9762;&#x4e34;&#x9002;&#x5e94;&#x8bc1;&#x628a;&#x63e1;&#x3001;&#x68c0;&#x67e5;&#x6d41;&#x7a0b;&#x4e0e;&#x53c2;&#x6570;&#x8bbe;&#x7f6e;&#x3001;&#x56fe;&#x50cf;&#x540e;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x4e0e;&#x8bc4;&#x4ef7;&#x3001;&#x5f71;&#x50cf;&#x5224;&#x8bfb;&#x4e00;&#x81f4;&#x6027;&#x53ca;&#x62a5;&#x544a;&#x89c4;&#x8303;&#x7b49;&#x6311;&#x6218;&#x3002;&#x672c;&#x6307;&#x5357;&#x4ee5;&#x6211;&#x56fd;&#x73b0;&#x6709;&#x4e00;&#x4f53;&#x5316;PET/MRI&#x8bbe;&#x5907;&#x4e0e;&#x663e;&#x50cf;&#x5242;&#x7684;&#x53ef;&#x53ca;&#x6027;&#x4e3a;&#x524d;&#x63d0;&#xff0c;&#x4ee5;&#x56fd;&#x5185;&#x5916;&#x6700;&#x65b0;&#x5faa;&#x8bc1;&#x8bc1;&#x636e;&#x4e3a;&#x4f9d;&#x636e;&#xff0c;&#x7d27;&#x5bc6;&#x7ed3;&#x5408;&#x4e2d;&#x56fd;&#x4e34;&#x5e8a;&#x5b9e;&#x8df5;&#x73b0;&#x72b6;&#xff0c;&#x56f4;&#x7ed5;&#x9002;&#x5e94;&#x8bc1;&#x5efa;&#x8bae;&#x3001;&#x68c0;&#x67e5;&#x4e0e;&#x8d28;&#x63a7;&#x6d41;&#x7a0b;&#x3001;&#x56fe;&#x50cf;&#x5224;&#x8bfb;&#x8981;&#x70b9;&#x53ca;&#x62a5;&#x544a;&#x89c4;&#x8303;&#x7b49;&#x5173;&#x952e;&#x73af;&#x8282;&#x63d0;&#x51fa;&#x63a8;&#x8350;&#x610f;&#x89c1;&#xff0c;&#x65e8;&#x5728;&#x4e3a;&#x8111;&#x80f6;&#x8d28;&#x7624;&#x8bca;&#x7597;&#x76f8;&#x5173;&#x5f71;&#x50cf;&#x4e0e;&#x4e34;&#x5e8a;&#x4e13;&#x4e1a;&#x4eba;&#x5458;&#x63d0;&#x4f9b;&#x7cfb;&#x7edf;&#x3001;&#x5b9e;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x5faa;&#x8bc1;&#x6307;&#x5bfc;&#x3002;.

Silicon (Si) has emerged as one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its extremely high theoretical capacity (3579 mAh g-1), abundant reserves, and inherent safety advantages over conventional graphite anodes. However, the practical application of Si anodes remains hampered by key challenges, including severe volume expansion (&#x223c;300%), an unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI), low intrinsic conductivity, and irreversible capacity loss. Academia and industry have invested significant effort in addressing these issues through nanoscale structural engineering, Si-carbon composites, advanced polymer and inorganic binders, artificial SEI coatings, and electrolyte/interface design. Simultaneously, industry has begun to adopt scalable strategies, such as graphite-Si composite hybrids, surface encapsulation, prelithiation, and the integration of fluorinated additives and locally high electrolyte concentrations, to extend cycle life and improve manufacturability. This review focuses on the fundamental mechanisms of Si anodes, summarizes the latest research strategies from both laboratory and industrial perspectives, and explores commercialization pathways through case studies of emerging technologies and global investment. Finally, we outline future research directions and prospects for silicon anodes in advanced battery systems, emphasizing the need to balance performance, cost, and scalability. Silicon is not only a key transition material for high-energy lithium-ion batteries, but also an enabling platform for anode technologies in the post-lithium era.

The seventh &#xc5;land Island Meeting on von Willebrand Disease (VWD) was held on the &#xc5;land archipelago in Finland, from 26 to 28 September 2024. The meeting brought together experts in the field of VWD from around the world to share the latest advances and knowledge in VWD. The topics covered both clinical aspects of management and biochemical and laboratory insights into the disease. The clinical topics discussed included epidemiology of VWD, the diagnostic landscape and treatment strategies. Special attention was paid to the challenges of VWD in women and to the definition of disease severity, both key areas of ongoing clinical debate. Emerging research in bleeding disorders was also highlighted. Much has been achieved in the diagnosis and treatment of VWD, and the outlook is positive for people with VWD, who can expect continued improvements in their care in the coming years. To ensure optimal translation of increased understanding to improved care of people with VWD, a multidisciplinary approach with biochemists, geneticists and cell biologists partnering with clinicians and industry is needed.

The environmental spreading of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes, along with a plethora of other chemical compounds via wastewater systems, represents a critical interface between human activity and aquatic ecosystems. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified by the latest EU directive 2024/3019 as points of primary control for limiting these emissions; however, conventional WWTPs, substantially designed for organic matter and nutrient removal, are often not able to remove such chemicals. As a result, treated effluents and sewage sludge may act as continuous sources of selective pressure for antimicrobial resistance in receiving environments. This systematic review critically evaluates the performance of advanced treatment technologies and monitoring strategies applied in wastewater systems for the removal of antibiotics and identifies research gaps while proposing recommendations for optimizing treatment processes and monitoring frameworks. Peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and March 2025 were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus and screened following PRISMA 2020; 28 studies were included after eligibility assessment. Conventional biological treatment achieved only partial and variable antibiotic removal, with macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides frequently persisting in effluents at environmentally relevant levels. Advanced and quaternary treatments generally showed higher efficiencies, often >90%, though performance was compound- and process-dependent. The occurrence of transformation products and the presence of antibiotics in sewage sludge indicate additional exposure pathways, while heterogeneous monitoring approaches limited cross-study comparability. Overall, the evidence indicates that conventional WWTPs act as incomplete barriers to antibiotic release, supporting the need for optimized advanced treatment implementation, harmonized monitoring, and integrated management strategies.