搜索结果：Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis

An exploratory, descriptive analysis is presented of the national orientation of scientific, scholarly journals as reflected in the affiliations of publishing or citing authors. It calculates for journals covered in Scopus an Index of National Orientation (INO), and analyses the distribution of INO values across disciplines and countries, and the correlation between INO values and journal impact factors. The study did not find solid evidence that journal impact factors are good measures of journal internationality in terms of the geographical distribution of publishing or citing authors, as the relationship between a journal's national orientation and its citation impact is found to be inverse U-shaped. In addition, journals publishing in English are not necessarily internationally oriented in terms of the affiliations of publishing or citing authors; in social sciences and humanities also USA has their nationally oriented literatures. The paper examines the extent to which nationally oriented journals entering Scopus in earlier years, have become in recent years more international. It is found that in the study set about 40 per cent of such journals does reveal traces of internati

This study examines the social media uptake of scientific journals on two different platforms - X and WeChat - by comparing the adoption of X among journals indexed in the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCIE) with the adoption of WeChat among journals indexed in the Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD). The findings reveal substantial differences in platform adoption and user engagement, shaped by local contexts. While only 22.7% of SCIE journals maintain an X account, 84.4% of CSCD journals have a WeChat official account. Journals in Life Sciences & Biomedicine lead in uptake on both platforms, whereas those in Technology and Physical Sciences show high WeChat uptake but comparatively lower presence on X. User engagement on both platforms is dominated by low-effort interactions rather than more conversational behaviors. Correlation analyses indicate weak-to-moderate relationships between bibliometric indicators and social media metrics, confirming that online engagement reflects a distinct dimension of journal impact, whether on an international or a local platform. These findings underscore the need for broader social media metric frameworks that incorporate locally dom

Overlay journals are characterised by their articles being published on open access repositories, often already starting in their initial preprint form as a prerequisite for submission to the journal prior to initiating the peer-review process. In this study we aimed to identify currently active overlay journals and examine their characteristics. We utilised an explorative web search and contacted key service providers for additional information. The final sample consisted of 34 overlay journals. While the results show that new overlay journals have been actively established within recent years, the current presence of overlay journals remains diminutive compared to the overall number of open access journals. Most overlay journals publish articles in natural sciences, mathematics or computer sciences, and are commonly published by groups of academics rather than formal organisations. They may also rank highly within the traditional journal citation metrics. None of the investigated journals required fees from authors, which is likely related to the cost-effective aspects of the overlay publishing model. Both the growth in adoption of open access preprint repositories and researcher

Macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions exhibit a spectrum of behaviours or phenotypes. The phenotypic distribution of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), its correlation with MDM lipid content, and relation to blood lipoprotein densities are not well understood. Of particular interest is the balance between low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), which carry bad and good cholesterol respectively. To address these issues, we have developed a mathematical model for early atherosclerosis in which the MDM population is structured by phenotype and lipid content. The model admits a simpler, closed subsystem whose analysis shows how lesion composition becomes more pathological as the blood density of LDL increases relative to the HDL capacity. We use asymptotic analysis to derive a power-law relationship between MDM phenotype and lipid content at steady-state. This relationship enables us to understand why, for example, lipid-laden MDMs have a more inflammatory phenotype than lipid-poor MDMs when blood LDL lipid density greatly exceeds HDL capacity. We show further that the MDM phenotype distribution always attains a local maximum, while the lipid content dist

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery wall. The early stages of atherosclerosis are driven by interactions between lipids and monocyte-derived-macrophages (MDMs). The mechanisms that govern the spatial distribution of lipids and MDMs in the lesion remain poorly understood. In this paper, we develop a spatially-resolved and lipid-structured model for early atherosclerosis. The model development and analysis are guided by images of human coronary lesions by Nakashima et al. 2007. Consistent with their findings, the model predicts that lipid initially accumulates deep in the intima due to a spatially non-uniform LDL retention capacity. The model also qualitatively reproduces the global internal maxima in the Nakashima images only when the MDM mobility is sufficiently sensitive to lipid content, and MDM lifespan sufficiently insensitive. Introducing lipid content-dependence to MDM mobility and mean lifespan produced minimal impact on model behaviour at early times, but strongly impacted lesion composition at steady state. Increases to the sensitivity of MDM lifespan to lipid content yield lesions with fewer MDMs, less total lesion lipid content and reduced mea

Using "Analyze Results" at the Web of Science, one can directly generate overlays onto global journal maps of science. The maps are based on the 10,000+ journals contained in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) of the Science and Social Science Citation Indices (2011). The disciplinary diversity of the retrieval is measured in terms of Rao-Stirling's "quadratic entropy." Since this indicator of interdisciplinarity is normalized between zero and one, the interdisciplinarity can be compared among document sets and across years, cited or citing. The colors used for the overlays are based on Blondel et al.'s (2008) community-finding algorithms operating on the relations journals included in JCRs. The results can be exported from VOSViewer with different options such as proportional labels, heat maps, or cluster density maps. The maps can also be web-started and/or animated (e.g., using PowerPoint). The "citing" dimension of the aggregated journal-journal citation matrix was found to provide a more comprehensive description than the matrix based on the cited archive. The relations between local and global maps and their different functions in studying the sciences in terms of journal lit

Atherosclerotic plaques are fatty growths in artery walls that cause heart attacks and strokes. Plaque formation is orchestrated by macrophages that are recruited to the artery wall to consume and remove blood-derived lipids, such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Ineffective lipid removal, due to macrophage death and other factors, leads to the accumulation of lipid-loaded macrophages and formation of a necrotic core. Experimental observations suggest that macrophage functionality varies with the extent of lipid loading. However, little is known about the resultant influence on plaque fate. Extending work by Ford et al. (2019) and Chambers et al. (2022), we develop a plaque model in which macrophages are classified by their ingested lipid content and behave in a lipid-dependent manner. The model, a system of partial-integro differential equations, considers several macrophage behaviours. These include: recruitment to the artery wall; proliferation and apoptosis; ingestion of LDL, apoptotic cells and necrotic lipid; emigration from the artery wall; and necrosis of apoptotic cells. Here, we consider apoptosis, emigration and proliferation to be lipid-dependent. We model lipid-depend

There is an overall perception of increased interdisciplinarity in science, but this is difficult to confirm quantitatively owing to the lack of adequate methods to evaluate subjective phenomena. This is no different from the difficulties in establishing quantitative relationships in human and social sciences. In this paper we quantified the interdisciplinarity of scientific journals and science fields by using an entropy measurement based on the diversity of the subject categories of journals citing a specific journal. The methodology consisted in building citation networks using the Journal Citation Reports database, in which the nodes were journals and edges were established based on citations among journals. The overall network for the 11-year period (1999-2009) studied was small-world and scale free with regard to the in-strength. Upon visualizing the network topology an overall structure of the various science fields could be inferred, especially their interconnections. We confirmed quantitatively that science fields are becoming increasingly interdisciplinary, with the degree of interdisplinarity (i.e. entropy) correlating strongly with the in-strength of journals and with t

A number of journal classification systems have been developed in bibliometrics since the launch of the Citation Indices by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) in the 1960s. These systems are used to normalize citation counts with respect to field-specific citation patterns. The best known system is the so-called "Web-of-Science Subject Categories" (WCs). In other systems papers are classified by algorithmic solutions. Using the Journal Citation Reports 2014 of the Science Citation Index and the Social Science Citation Index (n of journals = 11,149), we examine options for developing a new system based on journal classifications into subject categories using aggregated journal-journal citation data. Combining routines in VOSviewer and Pajek, a tree-like classification is developed. At each level one can generate a map of science for all the journals subsumed under a category. Nine major fields are distinguished at the top level. Further decomposition of the social sciences is pursued for the sake of example with a focus on journals in information science (LIS) and science studies (STS). The new classification system improves on alternative options by avoiding the problem

The objective of this study is to develop a deep-learning based detection and diagnosis technique for carotid atherosclerosis using a portable freehand 3D ultrasound (US) imaging system. A total of 127 3D carotid artery scans were acquired using a portable 3D US system which consisted of a handheld US scanner and an electromagnetic tracking system. A U-Net segmentation network was firstly applied to extract the carotid artery on 2D transverse frame, then a novel 3D reconstruction algorithm using fast dot projection (FDP) method with position regularization was proposed to reconstruct the carotid artery volume. Furthermore, a convolutional neural network was used to classify healthy and diseased cases qualitatively. 3D volume analysis methods including longitudinal image acquisition and stenosis grade measurement were developed to obtain the clinical metrics quantitatively. The proposed system achieved sensitivity of 0.714, specificity of 0.851 and accuracy of 0.803 respectively for diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis. The automatically measured stenosis grade illustrated good correlation (r=0.762) with the experienced expert measurement. The developed technique based on 3D US imag

The biogenesis of lipid droplets (LD) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was theoretically investigated on basis of a biophysical model. In accordance with the prevailing model of LD formation, we assumed that neutral lipids oil-out between the membrane leaflets of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in LD that bud-off when a critical size is reached. Mathematically, LD were modeled as spherical protuberances in an otherwise planar ER membrane. We estimated the local phospholipid composition, and calculated the change in elastic free energy of the membrane caused by nascent LD. Based on this model calculation, we found a gradual demixing of lipids in the membrane leaflet that goes along with an increase in surface curvature at the site of LD formation. During demixing, the phospholipid monolayer was able to gain energy during LD growth, which suggested that the formation of curved interfaces was supported by or even driven by lipid demixing. In addition, we show that demixing is thermodynamically necessary as LD cannot bud-off otherwise. In the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae our model predicts a LD bud-off diameter of about 13 nm. This diameter is far below the experimen

Atherosclerosis is a state wherein plaque (fat, cholesterol, and different substances) develops inside the veins that in the end prompts carotid artery stenosis which is a phase of narrowing in the huge courses situated on either side of the neck that convey blood to the brain, face, and head. Carotid stenosis is regularly connected with perpetual injury of an aspect of the brain (strokes) because of loss of its blood flexibly. For instance, ischemia generally brings about serious handicap or demise. Hematocrit or pressed cell volume (PCV) is the volume of red blood corpuscles according to that of entire blood. The reason for our exploration is to carry out a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) investigation of blood stream with the rate changes of hematocrit to examine the hemodynamic and physiological conduct of atherosclerosis. Our examination a developed 2D calculation model that has been investigated utilizing Finite volume technique (FVM) for interesting phases of atherosclerosis. The point of this investigation is to investigate the social bits of knowledge into the velocity slope, wall shear stress, and pressure gradient of carotid corridor under various rates of hematocrit

Rankings of scholarly journals based on citation data are often met with skepticism by the scientific community. Part of the skepticism is due to disparity between the common perception of journals' prestige and their ranking based on citation counts. A more serious concern is the inappropriate use of journal rankings to evaluate the scientific influence of authors. This paper focuses on analysis of the table of cross-citations among a selection of Statistics journals. Data are collected from the Web of Science database published by Thomson Reuters. Our results suggest that modelling the exchange of citations between journals is useful to highlight the most prestigious journals, but also that journal citation data are characterized by considerable heterogeneity, which needs to be properly summarized. Inferential conclusions require care in order to avoid potential over-interpretation of insignificant differences between journal ratings. Comparison with published ratings of institutions from the UK's Research Assessment Exercise shows strong correlation at aggregate level between assessed research quality and journal citation `export scores' within the discipline of Statistics.

Using the Scopus dataset (1996-2007) a grand matrix of aggregated journal-journal citations was constructed. This matrix can be compared in terms of the network structures with the matrix contained in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) of the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI). Since the Scopus database contains a larger number of journals and covers also the humanities, one would expect richer maps. However, the matrix is in this case sparser than in the case of the ISI data. This is due to (i) the larger number of journals covered by Scopus and (ii) the historical record of citations older than ten years contained in the ISI database. When the data is highly structured, as in the case of large journals, the maps are comparable, although one may have to vary a threshold (because of the differences in densities). In the case of interdisciplinary journals and journals in the social sciences and humanities, the new database does not add a lot to what is possible with the ISI databases.

Using Scopus data, we construct a global map of science based on aggregated journal-journal citations from 1996-2012 (N of journals = 20,554). This base map enables users to overlay downloads from Scopus interactively. Using a single year (e.g., 2012), results can be compared with mappings based on the Journal Citation Reports at the Web-of-Science (N = 10,936). The Scopus maps are more detailed at both the local and global levels because of their greater coverage, including, for example, the arts and humanities. The base maps can be interactively overlaid with journal distributions in sets downloaded from Scopus, for example, for the purpose of portfolio analysis. Rao-Stirling diversity can be used as a measure of interdisciplinarity in the sets under study. Maps at the global and the local level, however, can be very different because of the different levels of aggregation involved. Two journals, for example, can both belong to the humanities in the global map, but participate in different specialty structures locally. The base map and interactive tools are available online (with instructions) at http://www.leydesdorff.net/scopus_ovl.

Publication patterns of 79 forest scientists awarded major international forestry prizes during 1990-2010 were compared with the journal classification and ranking promoted as part of the 'Excellence in Research for Australia' (ERA) by the Australian Research Council. The data revealed that these scientists exhibited an elite publication performance during the decade before and two decades following their first major award. An analysis of their 1703 articles in 431 journals revealed substantial differences between the journal choices of these elite scientists and the ERA classification and ranking of journals. Implications from these findings are that additional cross-classifications should be added for many journals, and there should be an adjustment to the ranking of several journals relevant to the ERA Field of Research classified as 0705 Forestry Sciences.

Atherosclerosis, a chronic lesion of vascular wall, remains a leading cause of death and loss of life years. Classical hypotheses for atherosclerosis are long-standing mainly to explain atherogenesis. Unfortunately, these hypotheses may not explain the variation in the susceptibility to atherosclerosis. These issues are controversial over the past 150 years. Atherosclerosis from human coronary arteries was examined and triangle of media was found to be a true portraiture of cells injury in the media, and triangle of intima was a true portraiture of myofibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion, collagen fiber formation and intimal thickening to repair media dysfunction. Myofibroblasts, ECM and lumen (intima)/vasa vasorum (VV) (adventitia) constitute granulation tissue repair. With granulation tissue hyperplasia, lots of collagen fibers (normal or denatured), foam cells and new capillaries formed. Thus, the following theory was postulated: Risk factors induce smooth muscle cells (SMCs) injury/loss, and fibrosis or structure destruction could be developed in the media, which lead to media dysfunction. Media dysfunction prompts disturbed mechanical properties of bl

The aggregated journal-journal citation matrix derived from the Journal Citation Reports 2001 can be decomposed into a unique subject classification by using the graph-analytical algorithm of bi-connected components. This technique was recently incorporated in software tools for social network analysis. The matrix can be assessed in terms of its decomposability using articulation points which indicate overlap between the components. The articulation points of this set did not exhibit a next-order network of 'general science' journals. However, the clusters differ in size and in terms of the internal density of their relations. A full classification of the journals is provided in an Appendix. The clusters can also be extracted and mapped for the visualization.

Using three years of the Journal Citation Reports (2011, 2012, and 2013), indicators of transitions in 2012 (between 2011 and 2013) are studied using methodologies based on entropy statistics. Changes can be indicated at the level of journals using the margin totals of entropy production along the row or column vectors, but also at the level of links among journals by importing the transition matrices into network analysis and visualization programs (and using community-finding algorithms). Seventy-four journals are flagged in terms of discontinuous changes in their citations; but 3,114 journals are involved in "hot" links. Most of these links are embedded in a main component; 78 clusters (containing 172 journals) are flagged as potential "hot spots" emerging at the network level. An additional finding is that PLoS ONE introduced a new communication dynamics into the database. The limitations of the methodology are elaborated using an example. The results of the study indicate where developments in the citation dynamics can be considered as significantly unexpected. This can be used as heuristic information; but what a "hot spot" in terms of the entropy statistics of aggregated cit