The Canadian television series Heated Rivalry, adapted from Rachel Reid's bestselling hockey romance novels, has been widely celebrated as a landmark representation of queer joy, healthy masculinities, and LGBTQ+ inclusion in sport. Set against the backdrop of a secret romance between Canadian hockey star Shane Hollander and Russian player Ilya Rozanov, the series has also become entangled with broader narratives of Canadian national identity. Drawing on Jasbir Puar's concept of homonationalism and scholarship on banal nationalism, this paper examines how Heated Rivalry mobilizes queer inclusion as evidence of Canadian moral progress while obscuring ongoing forms of exclusion and state violence. We argue that the series reproduces a distinctly Canadian form of homonationalism through its juxtaposition of a homophobic Russia and a tolerant Canada, its romanticization of iconic national symbols such as the Muskoka cottage, and its celebration within political and commercial spheres. These representations align queer inclusion with narratives of multiculturalism, diversity, and national exceptionalism, positioning Canada as a safe haven for LGBTQ+ people. At the same time, this imagined inclusivity exists alongside ongoing contradictions in Canadian governance, including restrictive immigration policies, uneven provincial protections for 2SLGBTQI+ communities, contested reconciliation processes, and persistent racial inequalities. By situating Heated Rivalry within contemporary debates surrounding nationalism, belonging, and queer citizenship, this paper demonstrates how popular cultural texts can function as sites through which homonationalist discourses are reproduced and normalized. La série télévisée canadienne Heated Rivalry, adaptée des romans à succès de Rachel Reid mêlant hockey et romance, a été largement saluée comme une représentation emblématique de la joie queer, des masculinités saines et de l'inclusion LGBTQ+ dans le sport. Avec pour toile de fond une histoire d'amour secrète entre la star canadienne de hockey Shane Hollander et le joueur russe Ilya Rozanov, la série s'est également retrouvée mêlée à des discours plus larges sur l'identité nationale canadienne. S'appuyant sur le concept d'homonationalisme de Jasbir Puar et sur les travaux universitaires consacrés au nationalisme banal, cet article examine comment Heated Rivalry met en avant l'inclusion queer comme preuve du progrès moral canadien tout en occultant les formes persistantes d'exclusion et de violence d’État. Nous soutenons que la série reproduit une forme typiquement canadienne d'homonationalisme à travers la juxtaposition d'une Russie homophobe et d'un Canada tolérant, sa romantisation de symboles nationaux emblématiques tels que le chalet de Muskoka, et sa célébration dans les sphères politiques et commerciales. Ces représentations associent l'inclusion des personnes queer à des discours sur le multiculturalisme, la diversité et l'exceptionnalisme national, positionnant le Canada comme un refuge pour les personnes LGBTQ+. Dans le même temps, cette inclusivité imaginaire coexiste avec des contradictions persistantes dans la gouvernance canadienne, notamment des politiques d'immigration restrictives, des protections provinciales inégales pour les communautés 2SLGBTQI+, des processus de réconciliation contestés et des inégalités raciales persistantes. En situant Heated Rivalry au cœur des débats contemporains sur le nationalisme, l'appartenance et la citoyenneté queer, cet article démontre comment les textes de la culture populaire peuvent servir de vecteurs à travers lesquels les discours homonationalistes sont reproduits et normalisés.
Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are marketed as alternatives to conventional cigarettes with a potential reduced risk profile. Yet, their actual impact on cancer and noncancer disease risk remains uncertain and requires rigorous quantitative assessment. In this study, we develop a unified and transparent computational framework for toxicological risk assessment of HTPs, integrating chemical emissions data with compound-specific toxicological thresholds derived from regulatory agencies. Our work (i) systematically reviews and harmonizes existing risk models used in the literature, (ii) formulates generalizable mathematical models for estimating lifetime cancer risk, hazard quotients, and margins of exposure that account for population demographics, smoking habits, and compound characteristics, and (iii) validates these models by reproducing published results and exploring the sensitivity of risk estimates to model parameters and emission sources. Using emissions data from conventional cigarettes and HTPs, we quantify per-compound and aggregated cancer and noncancer risks, and evaluate the relative risk reduction associated with switching from cigarettes to HTPs. The proposed risk analysis models provide a reproducible, extensible, and transparent approach for computational toxicology assessment, and can be readily applied to emerging nicotine and tobacco products within harm-reduction evaluation paradigms.
Previous studies have shown that Heliox, a mixture of 32% oxygen and 68% helium administered at a warm temperature, is effective in treating ischemic brain injury caused by cerebral arterial air embolism. At the same time, therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to lead to a favorable neurological outcome in patients in the acute phase of ischemic stroke; however, there are no published data on the use of Heliox at room temperature after ischemic stroke. All published data indicate only the efficacy of heated Heliox. The most effective temperature regimen for Heliox inhalation to prevent neurological deficits in stroke remains unknown. Three Heliox inhalation temperature regimens were studied at 20-22 °C, 40-50 °C, and 60-70 °C. The mixture was administered immediately after inducing ischemic stroke in awake rats using a model of cerebral arterial air embolism. Respiratory and cardiovascular function, as well as body temperature, coordination, muscle strength, and serum calcium binding protein B (S100B) concentrations were studied 24 hours after embolization. A brain histopathological study was also performed. Inhalation of heated Heliox (40-50 °C and 60-70 °C) immediately after cerebral arterial air embolism was shown to be an effective method for maintaining respiratory and cardiovascular function and body temperature, for preventing the development of foci of ischemic brain damage on 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained sections of the brain, and for partially preserving coordination, muscle strength, locomotor activity, and for a partial reduction in serum S100B concentration during the acute phase of ischemic stroke in rats compared to the untreated group with cerebral arterial air embolism (CAE). Unheated Heliox had a negative effect on experimental animals, and decreased a survival rate to 62.5%. Heated Heliox has an equally positive effect at temperatures of 40-50 °C and 60-70 °C, and significantly alleviated the symptoms of ischemic stroke during the acute phase. In contrast, unheated Heliox at room temperature (20-22 °C) had a negative effect on the course of ischemic stroke in rats.
Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are enabling materials for electrochemical conversion technologies such as water electrolysis, fuel cells, CO2 electrolysis, and electrodialysis (ED) for direct air/ocean capture of CO2. However, current BPM durability can suffer from chemical, mechanical, and performance degradation when operated at high current density (ion flux) and physical scale. Therefore, this limits its adoption in a wider applications space. BPMs have several known degradation mechanisms, including chemical breakdown of ion-exchange polymers, loss of junction adhesion, or physical breakdown due to shearing force and pressure swings in an electrodialysis cell. To assess the electrochemical stability and mechanical durability of BPMs under operational conditions, we investigated how fabrication conditions (including preconditioning, hot-pressing temperature and pressure, and catalyst loading) impact the adhesion of custom-made BPMs. T-peel studies were performed ex situ to quantify adhesive forces of BPMs, and bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) experiments were performed to assess the electrochemical performance of the corresponding BPMs. The results of this systematic comparison indicate that hydration and heated pressing create improved adhesion during the fabrication of BPMs, and BPMED testing shows that these fabrication techniques are not detrimental to the electrochemical performance of the BPMs.
Around the 12th/thirteenth century, a burial method called "more teutonico" was used for the remains of high-ranking individuals who had died far from their homeland and had to be brought back for burial. Before transportation, the bodies or body parts were boiled (macerated) to remove all soft tissue. The question of whether a body was boiled postmortem, is of particular interest for historians (burial "more teutonico"?) and this question may also be relevant in a forensic context, even if only in rare cases. In 1989, Bada, Herrmann, Payan and Man ("Amino acid razemization in bone and the boiling of Emperor Lothar I." in Applied Geochemistry) suggested using the D-aspartic acid content of bone as an objective indicator of a postmortem exposure to heat. This approach was never substantiated by further studies, and more recent findings call the concept into question.Therefore, we tested the "Bada approach" by analysing the D-aspartic acid content in boiled bone samples (pig, human) using different "boiling recipes" of procedures "more teutonico" (using water, wine, or vinegar as boiling media), and discussed it under consideration of the recent literature. Using the boiled human bone samples, we also investigated whether the question of "boiled or not boiled?" could be answered by another parameter, namely by analysing the pentosidine content of a sample.An accumulation of D-aspartic acid was observed during boiling in both pig and human bone samples. It was considerably lower in the human samples and significantly influenced by the medium used. By contrast, boiling did not result in pentosidine accumulation.These experimental results call into question the reliability of the "Bada approach" - not least because the type of boiling medium may not be recreated in each individual case. Moreover, this approach does not take the current knowledge on the intravital accumulation of D-aspartic acid in bone samples of different origins into account, nor the influence of postmortem conditions on the D-aspartic acid content in non-heated samples (used as controls by Bada et al.). Overall, the approach of Bada et al. should not be accepted uncritically, as proving a treatment "more teutonico" based solely on the D-aspartic acid content seems hardly possible - and if so, only under very strict conditions. The analysis of pentosidine is not suitable for demonstrating a burial "more teutonico".
Optimizing aesthetic results for soft tissue augmentation and skin resurfacing often requires multiple treatment modalities. How energy-based device (EBD) treatments alter properties of previously injected hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers is unknown. To evaluate whether elevated temperatures during EBD treatments alters key properties of HA fillers. Four HA fillers (Belotero Balance, Juvéderm Volbella, Juvéderm Ultra XC, and Restylane Eyelight) were heated to 65 or 100°C to simulate temperatures of nonablative lasers or ablative lasers, respectively, or kept at room temperature. The authors assessed storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), cohesivity, and water absorption. No significant changes were observed in G' and G″, except for increases in G' for Juvéderm Ultra XC at 100°C (16.67 Pa, Δ = +11%) and Juvéderm Volbella at 100°C (92.67 Pa, Δ = +49%). Cohesivity was stable with only minor increases (<0.8 points on a 1-5 scale) for Juvéderm Ultra XC and Belotero Balance at 65°C. Water absorption remained consistent across all HA fillers and temperature conditions. Overall, in vitro heat exposure of tested HA fillers does not alter rheologic and physicochemical properties. These findings suggest that EBDs over preinjected HA fillers are unlikely to compromise filler integrity. Further in vivo validation is necessary.
Despite binary nitrides being heavily investigated at high pressures in the past decade, nitrogen halides are still a terra incognita at pressures exceeding 1 bar. Due to the unique chemistry of halogens, they are fertile grounds for the discovery of novel nitrogen species. Here, we report the high-pressure investigation of the I-N system up to 120 GPa using laser-heated diamond anvil cells and the synthesis of the first two thermodynamically stable binary iodine-nitrogen compounds, I4(N2)3 and I2(N2)(N3), formed from 81 and 95 GPa, respectively. Their crystal structures were solved and refined through synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements. I4(N2)3 is comprised of a layered polymeric iodine framework of hexagonal iodine units and infinite linear iodine chains─both evidenced to feature multicenter bonding─along with N2 dimers. In contrast, I2(N2)(N3) exhibits corrugated and distorted I6 layers along with N2 dimers as well as a hitherto unknown nitrogen species, [N3]3-. This anion is both isosteric and isoelectronic with ozone (O3), leading to its designation as a nitric ozonide (or "ozonitride" for simplicity). The stability domain of each compound is investigated, and their bulk modulus determined. Accompanying density functional theory calculations provide further insight into the crystal chemistry, stability regime, and physical properties of the two iodine-nitrogen compounds.
Aerosol constituents transform as they travel through the air handling unit (AHU) due to the air being filtered, heated, and cooled. Though the strength of these processes has direct indoor air quality implications, comprehensive model descriptions of how commercial heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems affect indoor aerosol composition are lacking. Herein, an AHU module was designed to augment the Indoor Model of Aerosols, Gases, Emissions, and Surfaces (IMAGES) framework, which is a modeling platform that simulates indoor aerosols by incorporating the two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D-VBS) for organic aerosol and ISORROPIA for inorganic aerosol. This AHU module simulates the organic and inorganic concentrations as air travels from the mixing box, through the filter, through the heating and cooling coils, and into the supply duct. It accounts for essential processes inside the AHU, such as particle deposition to the filter and heat exchangers, gas loss to the water condensed on the cooling coil during operation, and temperature-driven repartitioning of organic and inorganic species by using thermodynamic frameworks in the 2D-VBS and ISORROPIA. The module's performance was assessed with measurements taken at various stages of an HVAC system at Johns Hopkins University when periodic cooling occurred. Modeled concentrations post filter and heating coil were slightly over-predicted, which caused over-predictions in the supply duct. However, the module performed well when the processes of aerosols flowing over the cooling coil were isolated. Still, consistent with our previous work that applied ISORROPIA to an indoor setting, a missing condensation sink within ISORROPIA must be accounted for to obtain more accurate inorganic partitioning. Thus, HVAC system impacts on aerosol composition may now be better considered in detailed indoor aerosol models, such as IMAGES.
Exciton thermal radiation, which can potentially be exploited for selective thermal emission and energy harvesting, has been observed in individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) heated under photoirradiation. However, whether macroscale-SWCNT assemblies can emit exciton thermal radiation under thermal conduction heating remains unclear and constitutes an important challenge for practical applications. Herein, we observe peaked exciton thermal radiation from chirality-sorted SWCNT membranes. Transmission spectroscopy shows robust exciton resonance at high temperatures, resulting in clear exciton resonance in the thermal radiation band. The absolute emissivity spectra of the membranes are determined at 850 K. Exciton dominance suppresses the contribution of thermal free carriers to the infrared absorption/emission spectra, maintaining the transparency below the optical gap even at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate the enhancement of emissivity at the exciton resonance using a simple planar few-layer architecture consisting of alternating SWCNT and transparent dielectric layers, enabled by strong excitonic light-matter interactions in SWCNTs; this offers a pathway toward superior spectral selectivity at even higher temperatures. These results highlight the potential of chirality-sorted SWCNT membranes as a class of semiconductors for controlling thermal radiation at elevated temperatures, leveraging thermo-optical properties that differ from those of conventional bulk semiconductors.
The composition of biomass feedstock and pyrolysis parameters, such as temperature, heating rate, and residence time, are key factors that affect the distribution and properties of pyrolysis products and are among the most extensively studied. However, the pyrolysis atmosphere also plays a crucial role in determining process efficiency and product quality. This review examines the effects of various pyrolysis atmospheres on biochar yields and properties, and also considers impacts on pyrolysis gases and liquids. While nitrogen is commonly used in research, the demand for biochar with specific properties like increased porosity and functionality has led to exploring alternative atmospheres such as steam, oxidative, pyrolysis gas, carbon dioxide, methane and ammonia. These alternatives can produce biochar with the desired characteristics in a single step, bypassing the need for multiple modifications. This review provides an overview of these pyrolysis atmosphere options, their applications, advantages, and potential challenges. Future research directions are also identified and highlighted, offering a roadmap for advancing biochar production technology. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42773-026-00626-8.
Rapid thermal ramping and cooling processes enable the formation of monodisperse nanomaterials. Specifically, the thermal plasma spark technique, characterized by high energy density and ultrafast heating and cooling rates, represents a highly effective strategy for nanomaterial synthesis. Herein, we employ this approach to synthesize Ni nanoparticles embedded within a monolithic porous carbon film. With peak temperatures reaching ∼2400 K within 3 ms, the resulting Ni nanoparticles exhibit an average diameter of 6 nm. As a proof of concept, the as-synthesized samples serve as cathodes in Li-CO2 batteries. The uniform Ni nanoparticles promote the reversible reaction between Li2CO3 and CO2, thereby enhancing catalytic performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the monolithic porous carbon film facilitates CO2 adsorption and Li2CO3 formation on the Ni(111) surface, consistent with the experimental results. This work offers a general strategy for synthesizing highly active nanomaterials supported on monolithic porous carbon via the high-temperature thermal plasma spark method.
The deep eutectic melt of betaine and trichloroacetic acid efficiently promoted the reaction of 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzimidazole with arylaldehydes at ambient temperature, yielding selectively dihydro-benzimidazoquinazoline derivatives in fairly high yields. No heating was required, no aerial oxidative dehydrogenation of the products was observed, and no other side-products were detected in the reaction mixture, simplifying the workup procedure. The melt can be retrieved multiple times through aqueous extraction from the reaction mixture. This protocol is green and avoids the use of expensive catalysts, harmful organic solvents and excessive energy consumption.
This research assessed the impacts of high protein feeds on the performance of local rabbits under severe chronic heat stress (Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) = 31.47 ± 2). This research used 72 local rabbits aged 42 days of mixed sexes, which were distributed equally into three groups: low-protein (LP), medium-protein (MP) and high-protein (HP), receiving low, medium and high protein feeds containing 16.7%, 18.2% and 19.5% crude protein, respectively. Even though the rabbits were fed ad libitum, rabbits in HP and MP groups showed similar average daily gain and mean body weight, which were significantly higher than LP group by + 7.5% and + 6%, respectively. Feed conversion ratios were significantly lower in MP and HP rabbits than in the LP group, with reductions of 7% and 8%, respectively, reflecting better feed conversion efficiency in the former two groups. Compared to the LP group, both MP and HP groups showed similar improved slaughter weight (+ 7%), skin weight (+ 9%), and cold carcass weight (+ 8%), while showing different improved results for weight of kidneys (+ 6% and + 7%), weight of liver (+ 12% and + 15%), respectively. The LP group had a much higher Perirenal fat content (+ 42%, p < 0.0001) than the HP and MP groups, which showed similar results. Additionally, the height, width, and area of the villus in MP and HP rabbits were improved by 16-25%, indicating better nutrient absorption. The results of this study provide evidence that utilising dietary protein enrichment is beneficial in combating the adverse effects of weather-induced heat stress on the growth of local rabbits.
Low-density, selective grazers with restricted habitat requirements may be particularly vulnerable to extinction under hotter, drier conditions expected across Africa's drylands with climate change. We evaluated how spatiotemporal variation in vegetation greenness and environmental heat load influenced movements of sable antelope, a water-dependent African grazer with selective resource requirements. We recorded hourly Global Positioning System (GPS) locations of 10 sable antelopes (Hippotragus niger) in Bwabwata National Park, Namibia, for up to 24 months, with concurrent hourly measurements of environmental heat load. As conditions became hotter and vegetation became browner during the dry season, home ranges increased in size and elongated towards the Kavango River. The 24-hour mean hourly displacement distance of sable antelopes increased in response to increased heat load and brown vegetation exposure, primarily due to more frequent long-distance movements to the Kavango River during the late dry season. Using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), we identified four behavioural states of movement from GPS movement tracks: resting, foraging, local movement, and relocating. The relocating state, which was generally associated with directed movements to surface water, predominated during the late dry season. Sable antelopes increased both relocating and local movements, while decreasing foraging when exposed to high heat loads and brown vegetation. As conditions become increasingly hotter and drier, and resource availability becomes more unpredictable in space and time, species with specific resource requirements may face increased risk of extirpation, as walking farther to meet water requirements may compromise their already precarious energy balance during periods of resource limitation.
Complex and spatially varying warming impacts on rice yield hinder climate change impact assessments on food security. To address this issue, we compiled a global dataset of field-warming experiments (n = 214) and analyzed stage-specific crop responses to temperature variations. Results show that exposures to high (30° to 35°C) and extreme high (>35°C) temperatures are the dominant drivers of warming-induced rice yield losses, primarily through harvest index reductions. One additional exposure day above 30°C during the reproductive stage reduces rice yields by 1.1 to 1.8%. In contrast, current global gridded crop models underestimate this sensitivity, simulating only 0.1 to 1.3% yield loss per exposure day. After adjusting the model biases, we estimate that global rice yield losses decrease by 8.1% under 1°C of global warming, approximately twice the unadjusted estimates, with South and Southeast Asia being the most vulnerable regions. Our results highlight the critical role of high-temperature exposure in shaping warming impacts on rice yield.
Isolation of adult mouse ventricular myocytes is essential for studying cardiac physiology and cellular function. Traditional methods commonly rely on Langendorff perfusion systems, which provide continuous retrograde coronary perfusion but require specialized equipment and can be complex to operate. Here, we describe a simplified Langendorff-based protocol that uses a syringe pump-driven system to achieve constant-flow retrograde aortic perfusion during enzymatic digestion. The setup incorporates an inline heater for precise temperature control and uses widely available laboratory components, enabling consistent delivery of digestion enzymes. This approach maintains stable perfusion despite changes in coronary resistance and reduces variability associated with conventional gravity-driven systems. The protocol yields high-quality adult ventricular myocytes suitable for downstream functional analyses, including electrophysiology, contractility, and calcium imaging. Compared with traditional systems, this method is more accessible, reduces technical complexity, and improves reproducibility, facilitating adoption in laboratories without dedicated isolated-heart perfusion infrastructure. Key features • Accessible cardiomyocyte isolation without dedicated Langendorff apparatus, suitable for laboratories with limited perfusion infrastructure. • Constant-flow perfusion overcomes enzyme delivery variability caused by changing coronary resistance during tissue digestion. • Inline heating enables rapid, precise temperature control without water-jacket systems, reducing setup complexity and contamination risk. • Optimized for producing calcium-tolerant adult ventricular myocytes for electrophysiology, contractility, and calcium imaging studies. Alternative methods may be more appropriate for non-cardiomyocyte populations.
This study developed a pyrolytic self-assembly (PSA) method that produces starch nanoparticles (SNPs) through a two-step physical processing. Waxy corn starch underwent dry-heat pyrolysis at 170 °C to fragment amylopectin, followed by hot-water dispersion to release the molecular fragments that spontaneously self-assembled into amorphous SNPs via hydrophobic interactions. The resulting SNPs exhibited high cold-water redispersibility (93.3%) and enhanced anti-retrogradation capability. Although increasing the pyrolysis temperature (150-210 °C) improved SNP yield, temperatures exceeding 190 °C caused excessive molecular degradation, characterized by sharp declines in molecular weight, increased proportion of short-chain amylopectin branches (DP 6-12), extensive α-1,6 glycosidic bond cleavage, and elevated acidic and carbonyl content, leading to broader particle size distributions and pronounced color darkening. The optimal pyrolysis temperature of 170 °C yielded 96.9% SNPs with an average particle size of 72.6 nm. The PSA method eliminates dependence on chemicals or enzymes required by conventional bottom-up approaches, offering a scalable route for industrial SNP production.
For semiconductor devices operating under elevated temperatures, especially in high-insolation regions, the intrinsic thermal degradation of optoelectronic performance poses a fundamental challenge. Herein, we report a heat-activated interfacial polarization strategy that uniquely converts this performance loss into a substantial gain. By incorporating electron-deficient N-heteroaromatic cations into lead-iodide perovskites, we induce a thermally driven electron cloud deformation at the organic-inorganic interface. This process establishes a reversible interfacial dipole that reshapes the electrostatic landscape, lowering charge-transport barriers and effectively screening deep trap states. As a result, carrier mobility increases by ∼100-fold and trap density reduces by ∼80% upon heating from 300 to 363 K, directly inverting the conventional thermal-roll-off trend. The universality of this mechanism is demonstrated across 1D, 2D, and 3D perovskite systems, all exhibiting pronounced photocurrent enhancement with temperature. As a proof-of-concept application, fire-warning detectors based on this strategy achieve 100-fold and 1000-fold enhanced responsivity to flame-signal infrared irradiation and smoke-marker NO2 gas, respectively, under identical heating conditions. This work establishes thermal energy as a functional asset rather than a performance liability, opening new avenues for thermally robust and smart optoelectronics.
The precise construction of high-energy catalytic interfaces is often impeded by the thermal inertia of conventional synthesis, where thermodynamic equilibrium leads to the agglomeration of nanostructures and the relaxation of metastable active sites. Herein, we report a strategy of nano-interfacial engineering enabled by shape anisotropy-driven magnetothermal synergy to overcome these limitations. Unlike traditional heating techniques, we introduce NiCo2O4 nanoneedles as active magnetothermal antennas, leveraging their specific shape anisotropy to maximize magnetic coupling via enhanced Néel relaxation. This geometric design induces localized, ultrafast thermal shocks (heating rate ∼13.6 °C s-1) directly at the reaction interface. Consequently, the in situ grown nitride electrocatalysts achieve a kinetic locking of metastable Co3+ species and preserve the pristine nanostructured morphology, which are otherwise lost in equilibrium processing. The resulting catalyst delivers a superior oxygen evolution overpotential of 289 mV at 100 mA cm-2, significantly outperforming thermodynamic equilibrium-controlled counterparts. Additionally, the system demonstrates robust overall water splitting performance (1.66 V at 10 mA cm-2). This work fundamentally decouples material synthesis from global thermal constraints, presenting magnetic induction not merely as a heating tool, but as a novel field-matter interaction medium for the benign-by-design construction of advanced energy interfaces.
Extreme heat poses increasing risks to cardiovascular health, yet fine-scale determinants of heat-related hypertension burden remain insufficiently understood. This study examines high hypertension burden in a heat-vulnerability context across 1,385 census tracts in Maryland using an interpretable machine learning framework. An XGBoost model was developed to classify census tracts with high hypertension burden using demographic, socioeconomic, built-environment, heat anomaly, and adaptive-capacity variables. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were then used to identify key predictors, assess their contribution to model predictions, and examine non-linear effects. The model achieved strong predictive performance, with an accuracy of 0.819, balanced accuracy of 0.806, ROC-AUC of 0.821, and PR-AUC of 0.909. Results show substantial spatial heterogeneity in hypertension burden, with high-burden tracts concentrated in Baltimore City, Prince George's County, southern Maryland, western Maryland, and parts of the Eastern Shore. SHAP results indicate that African-American population share, older-adult population share, and low educational attainment were the strongest predictors, followed by summer maximum air temperature, non-vegetated land area, and lack of air conditioning. Dependence plots further reveal non-linear and threshold-like relationships, suggesting that predicted risk increases sharply beyond certain levels of demographic vulnerability, educational disadvantage, heat exposure, and limited cooling access. These findings indicate that high hypertension burden in a heat-vulnerability context is shaped by the intersection of structural social vulnerability, demographic susceptibility, environmental exposure, and household adaptive capacity. The study demonstrates the value of combining XGBoost and SHAP for tract-level heat-health risk assessment and provides policy-relevant evidence for targeted heat adaptation, cooling assistance, and public health preparedness in Maryland.