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Online travel agents (Booking, Trip.com, Expedia) have replaced ranked-list interfaces with conversational LLM agents that compress many options into one sentence of advice. Each booking earns the OTA commission and different suppliers pay different rates: the agent has a structural incentive to favor higher-margin recommendations. Whether any deployed agent does this, and by how much, no one can currently measure. Disclosure banners, conversion A/B testing, UI dark-pattern taxonomies, and generic LLM safety scores were built for older interfaces and miss the prose-recommendation surface where the steering happens. We propose TourMart, an applied intelligent-system audit instrument for LLM-OTA commission governance. Two governance levers -- lambda (gain on message-induced perception in the traveler's accept/reject decision) and kappa (budget-normalized cap on how far the message can shift perceived welfare) -- drive a paired counterfactual: holding the traveler and bundle fixed, the steering delta is read off between a commission-aware prompt and a minimum-disclosure factual template. A symmetric six-gate producer audit separates LLM-engineering failures (template collapse, refusal

LLM agents deployed in production operate under operator-defined behavioral policies (system-prompt instructions such as prohibitions on credential disclosure, data exfiltration, and unauthorized output) that safety evaluations assume hold throughout a conversation. Prohibition-type constraints decay under context pressure while requirement-type constraints persist; we term this asymmetry Security-Recall Divergence (SRD). In a 4,416-trial three-arm causal study across 12 models and 8 providers at six conversation depths, omission compliance falls from 73% at turn 5 to 33% at turn 16 while commission compliance holds at 100% (Mistral Large 3, $p < 10^{-33}$). In the two models with token-matched padding controls, schema semantic content accounts for 62-100% of the dilution effect. Re-injecting constraints before the per-model Safe Turn Depth (STD) restores compliance without retraining. Production security policies consist of prohibitions such as never revealing credentials, never executing untrusted code, and never forwarding user data. Commission-type audit signals remain healthy while omission constraints have already failed, leaving the failure invisible to standard monitorin

Cosplay commission (cos-commission) is a new form of commodified intimate relationship within the Otome game community in China. To explore the motivations, practices, experiences, and challenges, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 participants in different roles. Our findings reveal that cos-commission, as a hybrid activity, provides participants with a chance to collaboratively build meaningful connections. It also offers a pathway for personal exploration and emotional recovery. However, the vague boundary between performative roles and intimate interactions can give rise to unexpected negative outcomes, such as attachment-driven entanglements and post-commission ``withdrawal symptoms.'' While digital platforms facilitate communication in cos-commissions, they often lack sufficient safeguards. This preliminary work provides insights into the formation process of hybrid intimate relationship and its potential to foster personalized, long-term support for mental well-being, and reveals potential privacy and safety challenges.

The popularity of Bayesian Optimization (BO) to automate or support the commissioning of engineering systems is rising. Conventional BO, however, relies on the availability of a scalar objective function. The latter is often difficult to define and rarely captures the nuanced judgement of expert operators in industrial settings. Preferential Bayesian Optimization (PBO) addresses this limitation by relying solely on pairwise preference feedback of a human expert, so-called duels. In this paper, we study PBO's capacity to commission a particular setup where a manipulator needs to push a block towards a target position. We benchmark state-of-the-art algorithms in both simulations and in the real world. Our results confirm that PBO can commission the set-up to the satisfaction of an expert operator whilst relying solely on binary preference feedback. To evaluate to what extend the same result can be achieved using conventional BO we investigate the experts decision consistency against an expert-designed cost function. Our study reveals that the experts fail to define a cost function that is in full agreement with their own decision process as witnessed in the PBO experiments. We then s

Event stream is an important data format in real life. The events are usually expected to follow some regular patterns over time. However, the patterns could be contaminated by unexpected absences or occurrences of events. In this paper, we adopt the temporal point process framework for learning event stream and we provide a simple-but-effective method to deal with both commission and omission event outliers.In particular, we introduce a novel weight function to dynamically adjust the importance of each observed event so that the final estimator could offer multiple statistical merits. We compare the proposed method with the vanilla one in the classification problems, where event streams can be clustered into different groups. Both theoretical and numerical results confirm the effectiveness of our new approach. To our knowledge, our method is the first one to provably handle both commission and omission outliers simultaneously.

This study, commissioned by the European Parliament's Policy Department for Citizens Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, appraises the European Commission's proposal for an ePrivacy Regulation. The study assesses whether the proposal would ensure that the right to the protection of personal data, the right to respect for private life and communications, and related rights enjoy a high standard of protection. The study also highlights the proposal's potential benefits and drawbacks more generally.

Accurately predicting enzyme functionality remains one of the major challenges in computational biology, particularly for enzymes with limited structural annotations or sequence homology. We present a novel multimodal Quantum Machine Learning (QML) framework that enhances Enzyme Commission (EC) classification by integrating four complementary biochemical modalities: protein sequence embeddings, quantum-derived electronic descriptors, molecular graph structures, and 2D molecular image representations. Quantum Vision Transformer (QVT) backbone equipped with modality-specific encoders and a unified cross-attention fusion module. By integrating graph features and spatial patterns, our method captures key stereoelectronic interactions behind enzyme function. Experimental results demonstrate that our multimodal QVT model achieves a top-1 accuracy of 85.1%, outperforming sequence-only baselines by a substantial margin and achieving better performance results compared to other QML models.

In a world overwhelmed with news, determining which information comes from reliable sources or how neutral is the reported information in the news articles poses a challenge to news readers. In this paper, we propose a methodology for automatically identifying bias by commission, omission, and source selection (COSS) as a joint three-fold objective, as opposed to the previous work separately addressing these types of bias. In a pipeline concept, we describe the goals and tasks of its steps toward bias identification and provide an example of a visualization that leverages the extracted features and patterns of text reuse.

Commission 14 has been operating for almost a century. It was one of the 32 Standing IAU Commissions and established in 1919. The main purpose of Commission 14 is to foster interactions between the astronomical community and those conducting research on atoms, molecules, and solid state particles to provide data vital to reducing and analysing astronomical observations and performing theoretical investigations. Although Commission 14 terminated at the Honolulu General Assembly, the field Atomic and Molecular Data remains with the IAU. By call of the IAU, the Commission 14 OC initiated a proposal for a new Commission on Laboratory Astrophysics that was approved. Commission on Laboratory Astrophysics will be a natural evolution of Commission 14.

In May 1997 a consistent part of the services and structures committed to the industry had already been released to the commissioning group. The telescope itself was, with the exception of the Nasmyth derotators, motors and all the optics groups, basically ready in its mechanical parts to accept the integration of all services and control equipment. Also the verification of the cabling (interlocks, data-nets, power and controls) already mounted was started in the same period. Starting from June 1998 (telescope first-light date) the telescope went gradually in use, several nights per week, in order to test and tune the tracking and pointing system, the optics and the first derotator system (Nasmyth A station). At the end of the commissioning period and with the first scientific instruments mounted (April 1999) also the first routinely observations started. In this moment the telescope is doing astronomy 80% of time and the complete first-light instrumentation is mounted.

We describe the design of the Commissioning Instrument for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). DESI will obtain spectra over a 3 degree field of view using the 4-meter Mayall Telescope at Kitt Peak, AZ. In order to achieve the required image quality over this field of view, a new optical corrector is being installed at the Mayall Telescope. The Commissioning Instrument is designed to characterize the image quality of the new optical system. The Commissioning Instrument has five commercial cameras; one at the center of the focal surface and four near the periphery of the field and at the cardinal directions. There are also 22 illuminated fiducials, distributed throughout the focal surface, that will be used to test the system that will map between the DESI fiber positioners and celestial coordinates. We describe how the commissioning instrument will perform commissioning tasks for the DESI project and thereby eliminate risks.

The Commission Femmes et Astronomie conducted a statistical study that aims at mapping the presence of women in French professional Astronomy today, and set a starting point for studying its evolution with time. For the year 2021, we proceeded with a sub-set of 8 astronomy and astrophysics institutes, hosting a total of 1060 employees, among which PhD students, post-doctoral researchers, and academic, technical, and administrative staff, representing around 25% of the community. We have investigated how the percentage of women vary with career stage, level of responsibility, job security, and level of income. The results of this preliminary study seem to illustrate the leaky pipeline, with one major bottleneck being the access to permanent positions. It appears that the proportion of women steadily decreases with the security of jobs, with the career stage, with the qualification level and with the income level.

This hexennial report covers the activities of IAU Commission 36 -- 'Theory of Stellar Atmospheres' -- during the years 2009 to 2015, and will be the last report from this Commission, being replaced by Commission C.G5. After outlining the composition of the Organization Committee(s), we list the scientific meetings held between 2009 and 2015 that were of relevance for our Commission members, and comment on the establishment and objectives of the new Commission C.G5 ('Stellar and Planetary Atmospheres') within the re-structuring process of the IAU. In the main part of the report, we briefly review specific contributions and achievements within our research field during the last six years, concentrating on the theoretical aspect, and dividing between late-type and massive star atmospheres. We also provide a more general overview of primary research areas, and finish our report with a collection of useful web links.

Gravitational wave interferometers are complex instruments, requiring years of commissioning to achieve the required sensitivities for the detection of gravitational waves, of order 10^-21 in dimensionless detector strain, in the tens of Hz to several kHz frequency band. Investigations carried out by the GEO600 detector characterisation group have shown that detector characterisation techniques are useful when planning for commissioning work. At the time of writing, GEO600 is the only large scale laser interferometer currently in operation running with a high duty factor, 70%, limited chiefly by the time spent commissioning the detector. The number of observable gravitational wave sources scales as the product of the volume of space to which the detector is sensitive and the observation time, so the goal of commissioning is to improve the detector sensitivity with the least possible detector down time. We demonstrate a method for increasing the number of sources observable by such a detector, by assessing the severity of non-astrophysical noise contaminations to efficiently guide commissioning. This method will be particularly useful in the early stages and during the initial scien

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) was completed with its main structure installed on September 25, 2016, after which it entered the commissioning phase. This paper aims to introduce the commissioning progress of the FAST over the past two years. To improve its operational reliability and ensure effective observation time, FAST has been equipped with a real-time information system for the active reflector system and hierarchical commissioning scheme for the feed support system, which ultimately achieves safe operation of the two systems. For meeting the high-performance indices, a high-precision measurement system was set up based on the effective control methods that were implemented for the active reflector system and feed support system. Since the commissioning of the FAST, a low-frequency ultra-wideband receiver and 19-beam 1.05-1.45 GHz receiver have been mainly used. Telescope efficiency, pointing accuracy, and system noise temperature were completely tested and ultimately achieved the acceptance indices of the telescope. The FAST has been in the process of national acceptance preparations and has begun to search for pulsars. In the future, it wi

The medical commissioning is an important step to bring a particle gantry into clinical operation for tumour treatments. This involves the parametrization and characterization of all relevant systems including the beam delivery, the patient table, the imaging systems and the connection to all required software components. This article is limited to necessary tasks for the beam delivery system of a pencil beam scanning system. Usually the commissioning starts with the characterization of the unscanned beam and the calibration of the beam energy. The following steps are the parametrization of the scanning system, the commissioning of the beam position monitoring system and characterization of the spot size, all requiring precisions better than 1 mm. The commissioning effort for these tasks depends also on the gantry topology. Finally, the calibration of the dose measurement system ensures that any dose distribution can be delivered with an absolute precision better than 1%.

As part of a reorganization of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), Commission 4 (Ephemerides) went out of existence after the IAU General Assembly in August 2015. This paper presents brief discussions of some of the developments in fundamental astronomy that have influenced and been influenced by the work of Commission 4 over its 96-year history. The paper also presents notes about some of the publications of the national institutions that have played an essential role in the commission's mission. The contents of this paper were submitted for Commission 4's final report, to appear in IAU Transactions Vol. XXIX-A.

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is under construction to measure the expansion history of the Universe using the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation technique. The spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars over 14000 sq deg will be measured during the life of the experiment. A new prime focus corrector for the KPNO Mayall telescope will deliver light to 5000 fiber optic positioners. The fibers in turn feed ten broad-band spectrographs. We will describe the methods and results for the commissioning instrument metrology program. The primary goals of this program are to calculate the transformations and further develop the systems that will place fibers within 5um RMS of the target positions. We will use the commissioning instrument metrology program to measure the absolute three axis Cartesian coordinates of the five CCDs and 22 illuminated fiducials on the commissioning instrument.

To meet the increasing requirements of synchrotron radiation users, the upgrade project to enhance the performance of Hefei Light Source (HLS), named HLS-II, was launched in 2010, and in 2014 the first commissioning of HLS-II was successfully completed. After the commissioning, the main design goals for the HLS-II storage ring have been achieved, with natural emittance of electron beam lower than 40 nm-rad at 800 MeV, five insertion devices installed in straight sections and root mean square (rms) jitter of closed orbit smaller than 4 μm, making HLS-II at a higher level among the same class of machines in the world. This paper reports on the results of the commissioning of the HLS-II storage ring, which includes linear optics correction, compensation of insertion devices effect and closed orbit feedback.