Keloids are pathological scars characterized by excessive fibroproliferation and high recurrence rates after surgical excision. Dermal substitutes have been proposed as an adjunct to keloid surgery because they restore a stable dermal matrix, reduce mechanical tension, and may modulate fibroblast activity. However, their clinical effectiveness in preventing recurrence remains insufficiently defined. This study aimed to systematically review the available literature on the use of dermal substitutes following keloid excision. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Medline, Embase, Web of Science were searched from inception to January, 2026. Eligible studies included clinical reports using a dermal substitute after complete keloid excision with at least 6 months of follow-up and explicit recurrence data. Case reports, case series, and conference abstracts with sufficient clinical detail were included. Extracted variables comprised patient characteristics, lesion features, substitute type, operative protocol, adjuvant therapy, follow-up, recurrence. Due to heterogeneity, a descriptive synthesis was performed. Twenty studies were included, representing 109 patients and 116 keloid lesions. Most publications ware case series or case reports (Level IV-V evidence). Integra® was the most frequently used substitute, followed by Pelnac®, AlloDerm®, and Apligraf®. Reconstruction was most commonly performed using a two-stage approach with delayed split-thickness skin grafting. At 6 months, only one recurrence was reported among the studies providing early follow-up data. However, a recent larger retrospective cohort reported a recurrence rate of 28.8% after long-term follow-up. Adjuvant therapies such as radiotherapy, triamcinolone, and 5-fluorouracil were frequently combined with dermal substitute reconstruction. Dermal substitutes appear to be a promising adjunct in the surgical management of keloids, providing favorable aesthetic outcomes and low early recurrence rates. However, recurrence remains possible over long-term follow-up, and the independent effect of dermal matrices remains difficult to isolate due to frequent use of multimodal treatment protocols. Prospective studies with standardized surgical techniques and long-term follow-up are needed to better define the role of dermal substitutes in keloid surgery.
Breast augmentation is among the most common gender-affirming surgeries for transgender women, yet no standardized recommendations exist regarding the optimal surgical approach. A retrospective review was conducted through PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Of 81 articles screened, 37 met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted on incision type, implant pocket selection, implant volume, complications, and patient satisfaction. The inframammary approach represents the most used approach, reported in more than 80% of recent cohorts and meta-analyses. It is used for its surgical exposure, precise creation of pockets, and ease of creation of the new inframammary fold. The transaxillary approach allows for scar concealment but is technically demanding and less frequently performed, while the periareolar incision is limited by the small size of the areola and higher scar dehiscence rates. The choice of pocket was variable: the subglandular pocket was favored for aesthetic reasons but associated with higher rate of capsular contracture in cisgender women; the choice of subpectoral and dual-plane pockets offered better tissue coverage and are increasingly adopted in transgender populations. Implant volumes were consistently larger in transgender women than in cisgender cohorts, with a progressive increase over time. Complication rates, including capsular contracture and hematoma, were comparable between transgender and cisgender women, though malposition and infection may be slightly more frequent in transgender patients. The inframammary incision remains the preferred approach for transfeminine breast augmentation. Pocket selection should be individualized according to anatomy and patient preference. Prospective multicenter studies are needed to establish evidence-based guidelines.
The non-surgical rhinoplasty is presented as safe by majority of authors, with very rare risk of vision loss and skin necrosis. Publications explain that by injecting with cannulas against the bone and cartilage, complications are really reduced, compared with the use of needles. The description of a deep fat plane below the nasal subcutaneous muscular aponeurotic system (smas) could explain the safety of it's injections. Thanks to a good knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the nose and that if you know how to manage the complications, it's a reliable and safe procedure. On the other hand, an update on blindness from filler published in Aesthetic Surg J in 2024 report 48 cases in 3 years from 2015 and 365 new cases in the following 3 years from 2019. This dramatic increase in the number of cases of vision loss prove our current safety procedures are flawed. A publication by the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital shows that 90% of cases of extensive necrosis and loss of vision following hyaluronic acid injections occur when cannulas are used. This can be explained by the fact that the nasal smas in which the vessels are located is attached to bone and cartilage. Consequently the universal advice to inject against bone and cartilage may be not the best way to avoid too frequent acute vascular obstruction. We propose another technique, the dermal medical rhinoplasty (D.M. R.). The skin must be pinched and disjoined from the smas. The injection must be very superficial, in the upper dermis or lower dermis to be sure of not creating a vascular obstruction. Upper dermis injections used the interpores technique to help create for instance lines of light thanks to sharp elevation of the tip of a 34 G needle, beveled angle turned upward and visible through the skin. The effect of the volume injected is instantly visible. Lower dermis injections used the vacuum technique to help creating volume on a precise spot above the smas, in the dead space created by a sharp elevation of the tip of a 27 G needle, beveled angle turned downward and then injecting the required volume The effect is instantly visible and under control. One advantage of the superficial nature of these injections is the precise modelling of the shape of the nose, with less volume of filler than after a deep injection. With 206 cases in 2 years of D. M. R. using these 2 techniques, there have been no complications of vascular obstruction or skin necrosis. This nonsurgical rhinoplasty is a really safe and effective alternative or complement to traditional augmentation rhinoplasty.
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare condition caused by dermal inflammation with neutrophilic infiltration, often associated with an underlying systemic disease. The breast is an uncommon site for this condition. It is an exclusion diagnosis, challenging to establish, which may initially lead to an alternative one and the initiation of inappropriate treatment. A 41-year-old woman with a medical history of morbid obesity, breast reduction 14 years ago, common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), and autoimmune thrombocytopenia presented with a spontaneous inflammatory ulcer of the left breast. The clinical course rapidly deteriorated, progressing to septic shock despite antibiotics. This presentation led to the consideration of necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) as the primary diagnosis. The patient underwent multiple surgical debridements combined with broad- spectrum antibiotic therapy, which resulted in only a slow improvement in her condition. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimens revealed a cutaneous ulcer with dermal inflammation predominantly composed of neutrophils. Her condition eventually stabilized, allowing for reconstruction of the left breast with a split-thickness skin graft. In the immediate postoperative period, the patient developed a fever of unknown origin and inflammatory lesions with a violaceous border at the graft donor site. PG was suspected. One month later, the patient presented with a spontaneously occurring violaceous inflammatory lesion on the controlateral breast. This case of spontaneous PG, is a condition only very rarely described in the literature. A combination of concordant findings support this diagnosis. PG is a rare condition with a challenging diagnosis, as it is one of exclusion. The breast is an uncommon site of involvement, typically described in postoperative cases and very rarely presenting spontaneously. When a patient presents with breast dermo-hypodermitis that shows limited improvement despite appropriate treatment, PG should be considered as a differential diagnosis.
Transgender individuals continue to report inadequate, and at times discriminatory, medical care. Concurrently, healthcare professionals frequently acknowledge a lack of preparedness in providing appropriate care to this population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an elective course on transgender health in enhancing the knowledge of fourth-year medical students. A 20-hour elective course was offered to fourth-year medical students, covering both medical and legal aspects of transgender identity. Sessions were delivered by a range of professionals with relevant expertise. Students (n=90) completed a knowledge assessment questionnaire prior to and following the course. There was a significant improvement in students' knowledge regarding the care of transgender patients between the pre- and post-course assessments. Moreover, participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with the elective. This elective course, delivered over four half-day sessions, provided medical students with essential foundational knowledge for the care of transgender patients. The persistent disparities faced by transgender individuals in mental and physical health, as well as in access to healthcare, highlight the urgent need to reassess the training provided to future healthcare professionals. Incorporating transgender health education into medical training is essential to promote equitable care and to mitigate the systemic barriers that contribute to health disparities in this population.
The submental flap, first described by Martin and Baudet in 1990, was originally developed for the reconstruction of defects involving the lower two-thirds of the face. Owing to its reliable vascular pedicle and anatomical proximity, its indications have progressively expanded to include complex soft-tissue losses of the hemiface, particularly at the oral commissure, where both aesthetic and functional demands are high. We report the case of a 70-year-old patient presenting with a right cheek and labial commissure defect following an animal bite, associated with loss of the modiolus and orbicularis oris muscle sling. Reconstruction was performed in two stages: (1) restoration of the orbicularis continuity and coverage of the defect using an insular submental flap pedicled on the right submental artery, and (2) secondary commissuroplasty four months later to restore labial continence and facial symmetry. The first stage achieved complete coverage of the composite defect and reestablishment of muscular continuity. Following commissuroplasty, the patient recovered satisfactory labial motility, oral opening, and functional continence. Subsequent staged debulking procedures refined the aesthetic outcome while maintaining flap trophicity and hair-bearing skin texture. This case highlights the reliability and versatility of the submental flap in commissural reconstruction. Its favorable skin characteristics, robust vascularization, and wide arc of rotation make it an effective alternative to heterolabial flaps, allowing a "like-with-like" reconstruction that achieves both durable functional recovery and harmonious aesthetic integration.
Facelift surgery is a common aesthetic procedure designed to address facial and cervical aging by mobilizing soft tissues through various dissection techniques, particularly those involving the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS). Traditionally performed under general anesthesia, recent protocols have demonstrated the feasibility of performing facelifts under local anesthesia, with or without sedation. This scoping review evaluates the available evidence on surgical approaches, anesthetic methods, and reported outcomes and complications. We conducted a scoping review of the MEDLINE database in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eligible studies included facelift procedures performed under local anesthesia. Extracted data encompassed surgical techniques, anesthetic protocols, and perioperative outcomes, including complications. Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria, representing 7115 facelift procedures. Most patients were women (92.9%). Lidocaine was the most frequently reported anesthetic, typically combined with epinephrine. In some cases, sodium bicarbonate or nerve blocks are used to optimize comfort and reduce the required dosage. Sedation strategies ranged from none to oral benzodiazepines or intravenous agents administered under anesthetic monitoring. Surgical approaches most commonly involved SMAS plication or resection, with several studies also reporting adjunctive procedures such as lipofilling or thread lifting. Complication rates were low, with hematoma being the most frequent (2.35%). Compared with general anesthesia, local anesthesia was associated with fewer thromboembolic events and greater hemodynamic stability. Facelift surgery under local anesthesia appears to be a safe and effective alternative to general anesthesia, offering shorter recovery times and reduced morbidity. Careful patient selection and standardized anesthetic protocols remain critical to optimizing outcomes and ensuring patient comfort.
To evaluate the accuracy and long-term stability of guided surgical correction of maxillo-mandibular asymmetry using 3D virtual planning combined with patient-specific guides. A single-center retrospective study was conducted on ten female patients with maxillomandibular facial asymmetry, treated between 2019 and 2023 with a protocol combining orthodontic preparation, 3D surgical planning, and guided bimaxillary surgery. Accuracy was assessed by comparing one-year postoperative outcomes with the virtual plan, using seven standardized anatomical landmarks. Clinical and radiological follow-up was performed for five years. The mean deviation between virtual planning and postoperative outcomes was 0.79mm for the maxilla and 1.33mm for the mandible. No recurrence was observed after five years. The technique reduced intraoperative adjustments and optimized postoperative occlusal stability. 3D virtual planning combined with patient-specific guides is a reliable and accurate approach for the correction of complex facial asymmetries, providing stable long-term outcomes with reduced morbidity. Multicenter studies with longer follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings.
Over the past 30 years, since the identification of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, the panorama of breast cancer predisposition tests has continued to evolve: today, ultra-high-throughput sequencing enables the study of eight predisposition genes, and indications are constantly expanding, with the new entry point being the identification of BRCA1/2 alterations in tumors, 75% of which are of constitutional origin. While these tests can be used to provide appropriate preventive treatment in cases where risk factors have been identified, many challenges remain to be met: identification of new predisposition genes, or rather validation of candidate genes such as ATM, detection of new modes of inactivation of genes already included in the diagnosis (remote deletions, epigenetic modifications), classification of variants of unknown significance as pathogenic or benign, and identification and inclusion of modifying factors, whether genetic or not, in multifactorial risk models. Patients and their relatives have played, and continue to play, a major role in the development of oncogenetics. We owe them quality tests, information, support and protection.
Evidence suggests that altering the surface roughness significantly improves implant osseointegration. Enhancing the hydrophilicity of the implants is a similar strategy as hydrophilic surfaces encourage early osseointegration at 14 and 21 days and hasten the bone-healing process after implant placement. Hence, we evaluate and compare the marginal bone level of hydrophilic and non-hydrophilic implants in mandibular implant overdenture. The study was a non-randomized, prospective split-mouth design with ten patients, each receiving a hydrophilic implant (Group A) and a non-hydrophilic implant (Group B) on opposite sides of the mandibular arch. An implant-supported overdenture was fitted and monitored at baseline, one month, three months, and six months. Marginal bone loss for the early-loaded hydrophilic implant and conventionally loaded non-hydrophilic implant was measured on each side of the mandibular ridge using an XCP holder and RVG radiographs at each interval. Data was obtained and subjected to statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U test. Although there was no statistically significant difference in marginal bone loss between the two implants, the hydrophilic implant achieved similar success with a faster healing time compared to the non-hydrophilic implant. Hydrophilic implants offer a faster-healing alternative to conventional implants for mandibular overdentures.
Perforator flaps have revolutionized upper limb reconstruction by providing reliable and aesthetically pleasing solutions while preserving major vascular axes. However, knowledge about their anatomy, surgical techniques, and indications remains scattered and poorly standardized, limiting dissemination among trainees and practicing surgeons. We developed an interactive web platform (www.lambeauxperforants.fr) offering standardized educational sheets on eight major upper limb perforator flaps. Each sheet includes detailed anatomy, surgical technique, indications, intraoperative photographs, and instructional videos. The platform features an intuitive search engine designed for residents, fellows, and practicing surgeons. The platform centralizes critical knowledge on perforator flaps of the arm, forearm, and hand. Preliminary feedback from surgical trainees and specialists highlights its educational value, user-friendliness, and potential to improve preoperative planning. Early metrics show promising engagement, with positive evaluations regarding content quality, clarity, and practical applicability. This digital platform addresses a crucial gap in the teaching of upper limb perforator flaps. By improving access to structured, high-quality content, it fosters standardization of surgical practices and enhances resident education. Future developments will include 3D modeling integration, augmented reality tools, and expansion to other anatomical regions, setting a benchmark in the ongoing digital transformation of surgical education.
Phytophotodermatitis is a rare and poorly recognized cause of chemical burns. It consists of a non-immunologic cutaneous reaction caused by exposure to plants containing photosensitizing substances, followed by ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. The clinical manifestations resemble those of second-degree burns. Numerous differential diagnoses are possible. Diagnosis is based on a detailed history, highlighting the characteristic temporal sequence of contact with a phototoxic substance followed by UV exposure. Treatment is mainly symptomatic. This study aims to report five cases of phytophotodermatitis and to provide an overview of its diagnosis and management. We report five cases managed in the Plastic Surgery Department at Montpellier University Hospital between April 2015 and May 2024. Data collected included demographic characteristics, time to diagnosis, aetiology, duration of management and healing, potential need for surgical intervention, and long-term complications. The implicated plant species belonged to the families Apiaceae (2 cases), Moraceae (1 case), and Rutaceae (2 cases). The mean time to symptom onset was 28.8h. Cutaneous manifestations included erythema (5 cases), vesicles (2 cases), and bullae (3 cases). All patients received immediate irrigation of the affected areas with water, followed by topical corticosteroid therapy. None of the patients required surgical management to achieve re-epithelialization. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation persisted as a sequela in one case. A thorough history is essential to identify the characteristic temporal sequence and to initiate treatment promptly. Management primarily relies on analgesics and topical corticosteroids dressings, with rapid healing in most cases. Long-term sequelae may include persistent cutaneous hyperpigmentation for several years.
Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of injury and death globally. Airbags are critical safety systems designed to protect vehicle occupants during collisions. Despite their benefits, concerns about airbag safety arose following the Takata Corporation scandal, which resulted in significant recalls due to defective airbags linked to serious injuries, including maxillofacial trauma. This case series reports on adults with penetrating head and neck injuries caused by airbag malfunctions, treated at a maxillofacial trauma center in Paris, France, from November 2021 to September 2024. We also performed a literature review of cases published from 1992 to 2024, focusing on similar penetrating injuries. Three cases of penetrating trauma were analyzed, highlighting complex facial injuries requiring extensive surgical interventions, including reconstructions with free flaps. The literature review revealed seven reported cases, predominantly affecting young males, with high mortality rates due to vascular injuries from foreign bodies. The findings underscore the severe consequences of airbag malfunctions, emphasizing the need for urgent medical interventions and reconstructive surgeries. This case series calls for a reevaluation of airbag safety standards to prevent future injuries and ensure enhanced training for healthcare providers managing such trauma.
Reduction mammaplasty is a common surgical procedure in France. Even if the French surgeons were pioneers in this surgery's development, we ignored French plastics surgeons' practices in this domain at this time. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of breast reduction practices among French plastic surgeons in 2024. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study conducted between March and June 2024. A 41-item online survey was distributed to French plastic surgeons, addressing surgeon demographics, indications, surgical techniques, and perioperative management strategies for reduction mammaplasty. A total of 513 plastic surgeons responded. The main preoperative requirements were smoking cessation (89%) and a body mass index (BMI) <30kg/m2 (79%). Preoperative imaging was requested by 90% of respondents. The most frequently employed surgical techniques were the superomedial pedicle (44%) and the superior pedicle (42%), whereas the inferior pedicle was rarely used (1%). Drains were placed by 57% of surgeons, and outpatient surgery was performed by 26%. The most reported early complication was wound dehiscence (61%), while late complications were dominated by suture exposure (59%). To our knowledge, this is the first national cross-sectional online survey describing breast reduction practices in France. Despite the declarative nature of the data, the large number of responses provides meaningful insights into current trends and the evolution of surgical practice.
Radiotherapy is a major pillar of breast cancer treatment, aimed at reducing local recurrence and improving survival while preserving quality of life. It is often administered after conservative surgery, and in some cases post-mastectomy for high-risk patients. Techniques and indications have evolved, including approaches such as intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) for greater precision and reduced side effects. (1) General: radiotherapy reduces the risk of local recurrence (35% to 19.3% after conservative surgery) and improves overall survival, particularly in patients with lymph node involvement (pN+). Modern approaches favor the reduction of axillary curage in favor of sentinel lymph node detection, limiting morbidity. (2) Specific indications: after total mastectomy, radiotherapy is recommended according to risk factors (stage, margins, age). Different irradiation protocols are available, with hypofractionated regimens becoming the standard. (3) Breast reconstruction and radiotherapy: immediate breast reconstruction combined with radiotherapy requires careful planning to minimize complications. (4) Reverse sequence: this innovative approach, involving preoperative radiotherapy prior to mastectomy, is designed to improve aesthetic results and tumor control. Although promising, it requires further study. (5) Merkel carcinoma and oligometastases: radiotherapy is essential in the treatment of Merkel carcinoma, significantly reducing the risk of recurrence. For oligometastases, stereotactic radiotherapy is emerging as an effective option for precisely targeting metastases, with good local control rates and few side effects. Radiotherapy continues to evolve, integrating advanced technologies to optimize cancer treatment while reducing the associated side effects.
Breast imaging plays a central role in breast cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment planning. In patients undergoing oncoplastic surgery, MRI enables a detailed assessment of multifocality and improves the selection of candidates for extended conservative surgery, with a demonstrated benefit in terms of local control. Non-wire tracking devices (magnetic, radar, radiofrequency) offer a comfortable and precise alternative to wire, facilitating dissection and improving operative organization. Macrobiopsies for excision of certain borderline lesions with no atypia enable surgical de-escalation of lesions. Angiomammography represents a relevant alternative to MRI in certain indications. Finally, artificial intelligence opens up new prospects at every step of the way: improved acquisition quality, automated detection of suspicious anomalies, assisted characterization of lesions to refine diagnoses, and personalized estimation of long-term risk. The radiomics approach, by extracting quantitative biomarkers from images, could eventually enrich this personalization, although it remains limited to date by the lack of transferability of models. These advances, while promising, raise major ethical issues linked to the transparency of algorithms, shared responsibility in interpretation, and the need for rigorous clinical validation.
This study aims to analyze global research trends, influential authors and institutions, citation dynamics, and the intellectual structure within the field of genioplasty using bibliometric methods. Studies on genioplasty published between 1980 and 2025 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric analyses were conducted using R Studio and VOSviewer. Publication counts, citation trends, country productivity, author impact, journal distribution, co-citation networks, and keyword co-occurrence patterns were evaluated. The number of publications related to genioplasty has shown a steady increase over the years, reaching its peak in 2022 (n=77). The total number of citations peaked in 2024, indicating sustained interest and continued relevance in the field. The United States produced the highest number of publications and citations (302 publications, 5448 citations). China (n=118) and South Korea (n=87) also ranked among the most productive countries, reflecting the strong academic output driven by the high cultural demand for facial contouring procedures in Asia. Author analyses revealed that Hu J. and Posnick J.C. were the most influential contributors, while co-citation analysis identified Trauner R. and Bell W.H. as foundational figures in the intellectual structure of the genioplasty literature. Keyword analysis showed that "genioplasty", "orthognathic surgery", "osteotomy", and "chin" were the most prominent terms, supporting the observation that genioplasty is frequently performed as a complementary procedure to orthognathic surgery. Research on genioplasty has gained significant momentum over the past 45 years, resulting in a global research network predominantly led by the United States and Asian countries. The literature demonstrates that genioplasty remains a crucial component of aesthetic and functional facial surgery, with contemporary studies focusing on refining surgical techniques and improving long-term stability.
Asian women, including Vietnamese, generally have smaller breast volumes than Europeans. Breast-conserving surgery or unilateral reconstruction often results in contour deformities and poor symmetry in patients with small breasts. Therefore, they may require not only breast reconstruction but also contralateral augmentation to achieve optimal symmetry. Previously, surgery was typically performed in two stages, increasing both cost and treatment time for patients. In this study, we report the outcomes of direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction with simultaneous contralateral augmentation. This is a prospective observational study on 60 breast cancer patients undergoing skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy (SSM/NSM) with DTI reconstruction and simultaneous contralateral augmentation from January 2019 to January 2024. Data on patient characteristics, disease stage, surgical techniques, complications, aesthetic and oncologic outcomes were collected. The mean age was 40.4±7.5 years. Most patients had a BMI <25 (86.7%) and small breast volume. Over a median follow-up of 25.7 months (range, 14-59 months), complications occurred in 11 patients (18.3%), including 10 related with the reconstructive implant and 1 with the contralateral augmentation. 1 patient (1.7%) developed local recurrence, and another (1.7%) presented with liver metastasis. No deaths were reported. Aesthetic outcomes were rated as "good" to "excellent" in 75% of cases at 12 months. Direct-to-implant reconstruction with simultaneous contralateral augmentation can be safely performed in breast cancer patients with small breast volume, showing low complication rates and favorable aesthetic outcomes.
Breast surgery, regardless of the type of procedure, requires a symmetrical result. However, this outcome is currently dependent on the surgeon's experience and subject to their subjectivity. Our study aims to investigate the correlation between the weight of breast gland resection and the volume variation measured by a portable 3D camera, adjusted for breast density measured electronically. Thirty patients who underwent bilateral breast reduction were included in the study. Each patient had her breast volume measured using a 3D camera (GOPRO by Creaform) during the preoperative consultation and again four months postoperatively. For each patient, breast density was measured using the MyotonPro device. Analysis of the correlation between the resection weight and pre- and postoperative volume variation revealed a coefficient of determination r2 of 0.822 (95% CI: 0.713-0.892). Adjustments based on the parameters measured by the MyotonPro did not appear to influence the correlation. Our model indicates that for a resection weight≥500g, there is a volume variation of 666mL, with a sensitivity of 85.3% and a specificity of 86.4%. There is a strong correlation between the resection weight and the volume variation measured by the 3D camera, with no influence from breast density. The routine use of a 3D camera would allow plastic surgeons to better plan each surgery and optimize our results.