Chronic pain is a common clinical problem that considerably affects patients' quality of life, functional status, and overall well-being. Effective pain management requires an integrated approach that includes both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. However, variations in physicians' knowledge of pain management may influence clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. In this study, the aim was to explore medical professionals' knowledge of pain management, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies, to provide preliminary insights and identify areas for future research and improvement. This exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered online survey distributed to Individuals across the medical education continuum. The study aimed to assess the participants knowledge, attitude toward pain management. The questionnaire consisted of 25 true/false statements designed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to pain management. We also explored whether knowledge scores varied according to demographic and professional characteristics. Among the 51 participants, 76.5% were physicians and nearly half (49.0%) reported regularly treating patients with pain. Despite this, 78.4% reported no formal education in pain management. Overall, 70.6% demonstrated good knowledge, with a mean score of 17.55 ± 3.47. Participants showed strong knowledge in pain assessment (96.1%), multimodal analgesia (90.2%), and opioid titration (94.1%). Nevertheless, misconceptions were noted, including reliance on vital signs for pain assessment (51.0%) and inappropriate beliefs regarding adjuvant medications (up to 31.4%). No significant associations were found between knowledge levels and demographic or professional variables. Although most participants exhibited adequate knowledge of chronic pain management, we identified gaps regarding pain assessment and adjuvant medications, as well as a deficiency in formal pain management education. These findings warrant further larger-scale studies to inform the development of structured, evidence-based education across multiple levels of medical training to improve chronic pain care and patient outcomes.
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.766660.].
Disparities in maternal outcomes along socioeconomic, racial, ethnic, and geographic lines are well established. In this News and Perspectives article, JMIR Correspondent Anika Nayak reports on the growth and potential of digital health interventions in bridging the rural-urban maternal mortality gap.
Access to health information and the "information environment" are now understood as social determinants of health. Correspondingly, researchers are increasingly concerned about the potential impacts of internet "echo chambers" - ideologically insular online spaces - on health beliefs and behavior. Understood as "health managers" for their families, mothers are a population of particular interest, yet little research has explored their experiences in online echo chambers. This manuscript draws on findings from an 18-month internet ethnographic study of ideologically-insular Facebook parenting groups - one "science-based", the other focused on "natural parenting". Through inductive analysis, I assert that the apparent ideological homogeneity of echo chambers is not a structural feature, but a side effect of mothers' strategic participation. Five categories capture mothers' strategic participation: (1) appreciating the echo chamber; (2) concealing differences to avoid rebuke; (3) plural membership; (4) hacking the algorithm; and (5) evolving participation. These findings reframe engagement with echo chambers as an active, intentional process, casting mothers as strategic architects of their health information environments. In this framework, mothers treat echo chambers as only one option among many in the broader information landscape. This study has implications for how researchers, clinicians, and health educators understand the relationship between parenting ideology, maternal health learning, and the evolving online information environment.
Molecular Tumor Boards (MTBs) generate highly technical recommendations. The language used in their protocols is rarely accessible to patients. Lay-language patient protocols could support patient-clinician communication, yet manual production is difficult to sustain in high-volume oncology settings. Large language models (LLMs) may offer scalable drafting assistance, yet clinical usability remains largely uninvestigated under real-world deployment constraints. Existing evaluations rely predominantly on synthetic data or closed-source models that are incompatible with strict data protection requirements. This study evaluated whether open-weight LLMs can provide clinically usable drafting support for German MTB patient protocols under real-world deployment constraints and developed a transferable evaluation framework for patient-facing text generation. Eight open-weight LLMs were evaluated under zero-shot (A1) and one-shot (A2) prompting with constrained decoding, which ensures section-schema compliance. Automatic evaluation used ROUGE-1 (Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation), BERTScore-F1 (Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers Score), Wiener Sachtextformel version 4, and DistilBERT (Distilled Version of Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers)-based complexity using a corpus of 316 MTB protocols and 47 expert-written patient protocols. For expert evaluation, 7 medical oncologists evaluated 50 protocols from the best-performing model across 3 International Organization for Standardization 9241-11 usability dimensions using fine-grained error annotation, perceived postediting effort (PPEE), and net promoter score. Critical errors were defined as bearing the risk of patient harm. Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct achieved the strongest automatic performance. Across models, A2 significantly improved most automatic metrics compared to A1. However, expert usability evaluation of Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct showed the opposite picture: the proportion of protocols containing at least 1 critical error doubled under A2 (10/25, 40% vs 5/25, 20%) compared with A1, and the dominant error type shifted from language (40/108, 37%) errors to factual errors (69/145, 48%). Overall, 16% (230/1420) of the annotated paragraphs contained errors. Median PPEE was 2 (IQR 2.0-3.0; low), and median net promoter score was 7 (IQR 5.0-9.0). Detractors (46/100, 46%) outweighed promoters (29/100, 29%), which suggests hesitation toward routine adoption. These differences in expert evaluation between A2 and A1 were directionally consistent but did not reach individual statistical significance for the paired samples (n=25). Prompting strategies that improve automatic metrics can simultaneously increase the number of critical errors. Surface-level metric gains were, therefore, insufficient proxies for clinical safety. This was observed as a consistent directional pattern for a single model, but generalization to other models remains to be investigated. Nonetheless, the low paragraph-level error rate and favorable PPEE suggest that structured open-weight LLM generation may be a useful drafting support in a clinician-supervised setting. The proposed evaluation framework provides a text-quality-focused basis for future assessment of patient-facing LLM applications in real-world clinical settings.
Smart fiber actuators with self-sensing and intelligent actuation have inspired great efforts toward perceiving environmental changes and responding real-time movements, showing great promise in the man-machine interaction and the Internet of Things. Organic ferroelectric species present an enticing prospect in flexible mechanical actuators, yet are rarely developed in smart fiber actuators. Herein, we proposed an organic charge-transfer ferroelectric cocrystal composed of 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole and tetracyanoquinodimethane, which demonstrated a non-centrosymmetric alignment of Pc space group with a low coercive field of 500 V/cm. Furthermore, the scalable piezoelectric nanofibers with a piezoelectric coefficient of 0.6744 nm/V were achieved after undergoing the location self-assembly of ferroelectric cocrystal in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix during electrospinning process. Significantly, these prepared nanofibers were purposefully employed to form the flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, yielding an instantaneous peak voltage output of 60 V under 200 N, and a pressure sensitivity of 0.3060 V/N. We foresee application possibilities in accurately detecting physiological signals, such as finger bending and respiration. This work opens up avenues to the wonderful optoelectronic application for the cost-effective ferroelectric cocrystal.
Although the global risks of adolescent smartphone addiction (SA) and the effects of parenting styles are widely recognised, research has predominantly focused on maternal or both parents' roles. Paternal parenting styles and their potential mediating pathways for SA remain understudied. This study aimed to examine associations between paternal parenting styles and SA among Chinese adolescents as well as the potential mediating role of self-efficacy of mental addiction which refers to an individual's confidence in their ability to resist, control or avoid engaging in potentially addictive behaviours, particularly SA. We conducted a 1-year longitudinal study using stratified cluster random sampling to recruit 8825 adolescent students in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province of China. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires in October 2022 and October 2023. The associations between paternal parenting styles and SA were analysed using generalised estimating equation models. Then the mediation effects of self-efficacy of mental addiction between paternal parenting styles and SA were tested through bootstrapping analyses (5000 resamples). Finally, subgroup analysis tested the robustness of the results. Paternal rejection (OR=1.13, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.14) and overprotection (OR=1.09, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.10) were significantly associated with increased risk of SA, while paternal emotional warmth (OR=0.94, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.95) and self-efficacy of mental addiction (OR=0.70, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.71, all p<0.001) were significantly associated with decreased risk of SA with per point increase. Notably, self-efficacy of mental addiction mediated 62.5% (95% CI 42.1% to 100.0%), 48.9% (95% CI 35.5% to 70.0%) and 29.8% (95% CI 17.9% to 45.0%, all p<0.001) of the total effects of paternal emotional warmth, rejection and overprotection on the SA, respectively. Our findings indicate paternal parenting styles are independently associated with SA in Chinese adolescents. Self-efficacy of mental addiction mediated the associations.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, imposing a substantial patient burden. Digital biomarkers derived from digital health technologies enable quantifiable, near-continuous, real-world capture of pathophysiological signals and are increasingly used across cardiovascular medicine. Their growth is often supported by big data analytics, artificial intelligence and connected sensors within the Internet of Things. This scientific statement systematically reviews digital biomarkers, their clinical utility across the cardiovascular care continuum, and summarizes major methodological and implementation challenges. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus for phase III-IV cardiovascular trials published between 1 January 2019 and 1 August 2024 that collected digital biomarkers. We identified 541 records and included 32 trials (40 reports) enrolling 32 246 participants (44.71% women; mean age 66.2 ± 11.0 years). Heart failure was the most frequent target condition (16 trials, 50%), followed by cardiac implantable electronic devices trials (12 trials, 38%). Digital biomarkers included cardiac rhythm and heart rate, blood pressure, body weight, impedance-based measures, haemodynamic pressures, and physical activity and sleep patterns captured using diverse sensor technologies. Methodological quality was good (modal quality score 5; range 3-7), although most trials were unblinded. Current studies suggest potential clinical utility in selected cardiovascular conditions. Implementation remains challenging because of measurement variability, privacy and regulatory requirements, affordability and reimbursement barriers and inequities in access. Robust validation and outcome- and cost-effectiveness evidence are still needed. Registration number: CRD42024573879.
Suicide is a leading cause of death amongst youth, and suicide rates amongst young people have increased in South Korea in recent years. This study examined long-term trends in youth suicide and their associations with changes in a broad range of potential risk factors. Suicide data (1983-2024) for individuals aged 10-24 years were obtained from Statistics Korea. We used joinpoint regression analysis to investigate recent changes in trends in youth suicide and compared them with those for a range of potential risk factors, including socioeconomic factors, internet-related factors, academic-related factors, mental health, and suicide behaviours. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations between year-on-year changes in youth suicide rates and potential risk factors. In South Korea, suicide rates in youth aged 10-24 years fluctuated over the study period but showed an upward trend in 2014 and reached the highest rates of 12.44 per 100,000 in 2021, with a 5.61% (95% confidence intervals: 3.91, 8.75) annual increase in 2014-2024. The recent rise in youth suicide rates was accompanied by an upward trend in the family violence rates, the prevalence of school bullying, participation rates and average hours spent in private supplementary tutoring, the prevalence of diagnosed mood disorders and self-reported suicidal ideation, and the rates of self-harm/suicide attempt presenting to hospitals, as well as a downward trend in the prevalence of good subjective health in youth. Regression analyses showed that time spent on internet use, participation and time spent in private supplementary tutoring, the prevalence of diagnosed mood disorders, and emergency department presentation rates for self-harm/suicide attempt were positively associated with youth suicide rates, whilst good subjective health was negatively associated. Meanwhile, poverty rates were negatively associated with youth suicide rates. Youth suicide rates increased in South Korea from the mid-2010s, and this increase could be influenced by a concurrent rise in internet use time, academic pressure, mental health problems, and self-harm/suicidal behaviour. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying these associations. National Science and Technology Council and Ministry of Education in Taiwan.
Individuals with substance use and internet addiction disorders have a greater likelihood to indulge in risky behavior and show signs of impairment in self-regulation. Risk-taking behavior depends on reward seeking, impulsiveness, and cognitive control systems such as executive functioning, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Assessment using cognitive tasks and validated questionnaires can provide an insight into the risk-taking behavior of these individuals. To assess the risk-taking behavior in adults with substance use disorders (SUDs) and internet addiction, by both subjective and objective assessment methods compared to matched healthy controls. This cross-sectional observational study included 120 participants comprising 60 adults with SUDs (30 subjects each with opioid use disorder, alcohol use disorder (AUD)), 30 with internet addiction (IA), and 30 matched healthy volunteers. Each participant performed an objective cognitive function task (Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART)) and subjective questionnaires were administered (risk-taking questionnaire, brief self-control scale, and Eysenck impulsivity subscale). Subjects with opioid use disorder were found to have poor self-control (37 ± 9.052 vs 44.4 ± 7.686, P < 0.01) and higher risk-taking score (12.13 ± 2.32 vs 9 ± 1.576, P < 0.0001) as compared to controls. Further, they also exhibited higher median reaction time (all pumps, safe bets) during BART compared to controls (18.57 (12.49-24.34) vs 9.81 (6.23-11.34), P < 0.0001 and 21.64 (13.66-36.59) vs 10.64 (6.8-12.59), P < 0. 0001, respectively), AUD (18.57 (12.49-24.34) vs 10.75 (8.84-17.65), P < 0.05 and 21.64 (13.66-36.59) vs 11.83 (9.28-21.52), P < 0.05, respectively), and IA groups (18.57 (12.49-24.34) vs 9.92 (7.92-11.90), P < 0.0001 and 21.64 (13.66-36.59) vs 11.34 (8.95-13.71), P < 0.001, respectively). Among all participants with SUDs and IA, those with opioid use disorder exhibited higher risk taking, as assessed by subjective and objective measures.
The study aimed to investigate the effect of parental involvement on social media exposure and socio-emotional development of children in the Awi administrative zone, Ethiopia. Data were collected in 2026 using a quantitative cross-sectional research design. Three hundred parent-child dyads (240 mother-child dyads and 60 father-child dyads) selected from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds participated in the study. The children's ages ranged from 4 to 6 years. A survey questionnaire was employed to collect data from the parents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and the Process Procedure for Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis macro (model 4) for mediation analysis. The results indicated that social media exposure was significantly and negatively associated with socio-emotional development (β = -0.225, P < .001), while parental involvement showed a strong positive association with socio-emotional development (β = 0.666, P < .001), and social media exposure was negatively associated with parental involvement (β = -0.268, P < .001). The regression model showed that independent variables explained 53.3% of the variance in children's socio-emotional development (R2 = 0.533, P < .001), indicating strong explanatory power. Mediation analysis using bootstrapping confirmed that parental involvement partially mediated the relationship between social media exposure and socio-emotional development. The indirect effect was statistically significant (β = -0.178, 95% confidence interval [-0.274, -0.078]), revealing that social media exposure influences socio-emotional outcomes both directly and indirectly through reduced parental involvement. The finding highlights parental involvement as a mediating factor in the relationship between social media exposure and children's socio-emotional development, through which social media exposure influences the level of parental involvement, ultimately affecting socio-emotional outcomes. Strengthening active parental involvement is essential in promoting healthy developmental outcomes in early childhood within an increasingly digital environment.
In orthodontic case analysis, structured clinical reasoning is required to achieve a diagnosis and establish a treatment decision. In this randomised controlled trial, a web-based training app was compared with conventional analogue case planning in undergraduate dental students. Twenty-eight undergraduate dental students from RWTH Aachen University were randomised to either a digital training group, using the web-based app Orthotrainer, or an analogue training group, performing conventional case analyses with physical models and printed diagnostic records. After a baseline knowledge and online readiness assessment, both groups completed two standardised training sessions. Following the sessions, the ease of use was assessed using the System Usability Scale and the User Experience Questionnaire. The final analogue module exam tested knowledge transfer. Additionally, 27 orthodontic educators from four university orthodontic departments were surveyed regarding analogue correction practices. Baseline orthodontic knowledge was comparable between groups (analogue: M = 13.07 ± 3.15 vs digital: M = 12.86 ± 2.41, p = 0.842). Both groups demonstrated significant performance improvement across training sessions separated by three weeks, ß = 8.31, 95% CI [2.66, 13.96], p = 0.005, without overall group differences. Exploratory subarea analyses revealed analogue superiority in extraoral assessment (b = 23.37, 95% CI [7.31, 39.42], p < 0.001), digital advantage in radiographic evaluation (b = -17.34, 95% CI [-33.40, -1.29], p = 0.002) and no difference in the model analysis. There were no differences between the groups in the final module exam. The usability assessment yielded a mean SUS score of M = 78.89 ± 14.11 for digital training (compared to the analogue training, M = 40.30 ± 11.19, p < 0.001), while students rated the UEQ for the digital version higher in the dimensions of pragmatic, hedonic quality and overall quality (all p < 0.001). Among 27 surveyed educators, analogue correction was rated time-intensive, with preference for digitalisation. The Orthotrainer web application delivered diagnostic performance equivalent to that of conventional analogue training, proving particularly effective in radiographic analysis. Higher usability and user experience ratings support its integration into routine teaching. These findings suggest that structured digital tools can support the development of diagnostic reasoning and serve as a valuable addition to traditional orthodontic education.
Somalia faces a dual crisis of high chronic disease burden and extreme climate vulnerability. This study examines the predictors of health-seeking behavior (HSB) for chronic diseases among Somali households. Using data from the 2020 Somali Demographic and Health Survey (SDHS), survey-weighted probit model was applied to a sample of 69,998 individuals to analyze predictors of regular treatment-seeking behavior. Approximately 6.6% of the population reported a chronic disease, with 48.8% of those individuals seeking regular treatment. Wealth (AME = 0.094, p < 0.001) and urban residence (AME = 0.078, p < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of HSB. Secondary education increased HSB by 6.2 percentage points (p = 0.012). Conversely, climate-induced livestock loss significantly hindered HSB, reducing the probability of treatment-seeking by 3.4 percentage points (p = 0.035). Internet access was not a significant predictor. Climate shocks create an economic barrier that prevents vulnerable households from managing chronic conditions. Policy interventions should focus on integrating NCD care into climate adaptation strategies and reducing the rural-urban health gap.
Understanding the psychological mechanisms linking subjective social class perception (SSCP) to well-being is critically important in the current digital age, where media exposure may reshape traditional pathways to well-being. Drawing on an integrated framework combining cultural psychology of the interdependent self with social comparison theory, this study examines whether the mediating effects of kin and friend gatherings on the SSCP-Well-being link are moderated by exposure to internet and traditional media. Analyzing data from the 2023 Chinese General Social Survey (N = 5583) using moderated mediation analysis, we found that SSCP was positively associated with well-being, both directly and indirectly through increased social gatherings. Crucially, internet exposure significantly attenuated the positive relationship between kin gatherings and well-being, whereas traditional media exposure showed no significant moderating effect. This finding suggests that digital environments may disrupt the psychological benefits derived from localized social affirmation, likely by triggering upward social comparisons that alter how individuals cognitively appraise their offline social interactions. These findings highlight the need to understand how digital media modulate the cognitive and social pathways from social perception to well-being.
Some internet memes relate to specific psychological problems, such as pessimism, anxiety, procrastination, depression, masking feelings, social isolation, and coping with problems. We compared participants' funniness ratings and perceived self-relatedness of these memes, moderated by humor styles. Moreover, we investigated the relationships between ratings of the funniness and relatedness of memes and cognitive processes of rumination and reflection and participants' self-liking and self-competence, controlling for humor styles. A sample of 225 Polish participants (58 men and 167 women) aged 20 to 35 (M = 23.33, SD = 2.90) consented to participate in an anonymous online study. Participants watched internet memes about psychological problems and rated their funniness and relevance to their situation. Then, participants provided information about their rumination, reflection, self-liking, self-competence, and humor styles. Participants found memes about depression the funniest, and they found procrastination memes the most relatable to their situation. Rumination correlated more with relating memes about psychological problems to one's situation, and reflection correlated more with ratings of the funniness of these memes. Self-liking and self-competence correlated negatively with ratings of the funniness and relatedness of memes about psychological problems. Affiliative humor predicted relatedness of psychological problems memes negatively, and aggressive and self-defeating humor predicted such relatedness positively. Our study is the first to examine perceptions of internet memes about a broad range of psychological problems. Our results show the interplay between psychological variables and the reception of humorous messages about serious contemporary issues.
Wildfire frequency and intensity continues to increase in California, putting vulnerable populations at increased risk of adverse health outcomes. In this News and Perspectives article, JMIR Correspondent Virginia Gewin reports on a proactive initiative by UC Davis Health physicians to mitigate that risk.
With internet flaming emerging as a prominent social issue, strategies for addressing it are increasingly needed. Despite various countermeasures, the issue remains under-addressed due to a predominant focus on post-hoc responses rather than proactive interventions. This study explores personality traits that may be associated with a higher likelihood of initiating internet flaming, with the goal of providing preliminary insights that may help inform future preventive approaches. Two large-scale questionnaire surveys, with 3,040 participants in total, were conducted. The findings provide insights into psychological factors that contribute to internet flaming and indicate trait patterns that tend to appear among individuals who play central roles in such incidents. By examining psychological characteristics associated with internet flaming, this study offers an initial step toward building safer online spaces. While the predictive power of the models was limited, the results highlight potential directions for future research on personality-informed approaches to online conflict, complementing existing reactive strategies.
Motivation to quit smoking and decisions to smoke or forgo smoking vary throughout the day. However, little is known about how within-day patterns of psychological states such as self-efficacy and attitudes toward smoking relate to these determinants of smoking cessation attempts. Identifying these dynamic processes can inform the development of more precisely timed and tailored digital interventions. This study aimed to identify distinct within-day trajectories of self-efficacy for cutting down on cigarettes smoked and attitudes toward smoking, and to examine how these trajectories predicted end-of-day motivation to quit and same-day cigarette forgoing (ie, choosing not to smoke cigarettes that one would normally smoke). People who smoked at least 10 cigarettes a day at baseline (N=348, mean age 44.6, SD 12.1 years; n=212, 60.9% female) received smartphone surveys about 4-5 times a day after logging each cigarette, producing 15,614 surveys over 2561 days. Trajectories of self-efficacy and smoking attitudes were modeled at the person-day level using smooth functions, and 6 daily parameters of change (overall level, range of change, volatility, overall trend, acceleration of change, and trajectory shape [trend×acceleration]) were extracted. These parameters were then entered as predictors of (1) end-of-day motivation to quit (linear mixed models) and (2) whether participants forwent cigarettes that day (binomial generalized linear mixed models). Higher overall self-efficacy consistently predicted both greater end-of-day motivation and greater odds of forgoing. Upward trends and acceleration in self-efficacy further predicted greater odds of forgoing, indicating that days when confidence not only increased but did so quicker were most strongly associated with forgoing cigarettes that day. Less favorable attitudes toward smoking predicted greater motivation to quit and increased likelihood of forgoing cigarettes. Broader ranges of daily change in attitudes were linked with stronger motivation to quit and greater odds of forgoing, while more moment-to-moment volatility was associated with reduced odds of forgoing cigarettes that day. Dynamic features of self-efficacy and smoking attitudes, such as overall level, trend, and acceleration, were robust predictors of daily motivation to quit and cigarette forgoing. These findings highlight that the way self-efficacy and attitudes shift across the day is meaningful beyond their overall levels. Just-in-time adaptive interventions may be more effective if they monitor and respond to varying trajectory features rather than focusing on static states, supporting a shift toward dynamically aware intervention strategies in digital health.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) bears potential for improving health care, but this depends on the availability of open-access, realistic, and useful data. To facilitate AI model development in health care we release SynTabFall, a novel synthetic dataset for fall risk assessment. With a total of 745,380 samples and 44 attributes such as demographics, diseases, mobility and cognition related risk factors, this tabular dataset allows for training fall risk prediction models without access to the original patient data. Models trained on our synthetic dataset can reach predictive performance scores in fall risk assessment which are on par with models trained on real data. To support others in sharing data we also describe a process that was developed over multiple years in one of Germany's largest hospitals in close collaboration between data protection officers, health care staff, informaticians and AI engineers. The proposed data sharing approach combines established methods for anonymization and modern generative AI (genAI) methods for synthesizing tabular data and allows for sharing health care data responsibly without sacrificing its utility. We release the synthetic fall risk dataset along with the software developed for synthetic data generation and evaluation.
Background Cervical cancer remains a major public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with limited information on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among urban adolescents. Objectives To assess KAP regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccination among adolescent girls aged 10 to 19 years and examine associations between sociodemographic factors and knowledge levels. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted over three months among 180 adolescent girls in the Urban Health Training Centre (UHTC) field practice area of Challapura, Datia, Madhya Pradesh. Participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests applied at P < 0.05. Results Late adolescents (aged 17 to 19 years) comprised 94 (52.22%) of participants. Only 42 (23.33%) had knowledge of HPV, while 138 (76.67%) were unaware. The internet was the main source of information, reported by 73 (40.48%), followed by friends (43, 23.81%) and health workers (30, 16.67%). Knowledge of cervical cancer (χ² = 39.09, p < 0.001), HPV infection (χ² = 21.00, p < 0.001), and HPV vaccination (χ² = 11.37, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with age. Attitudes indicated moderate perception of disease severity but lower acceptance of vaccination. The main barriers were lack of awareness reported by 126 (70.0%), lack of healthcare recommendations by 57 (31.7%), and high cost by 38 (21.1%). Conclusion HPV awareness among adolescent girls was low despite moderately favorable attitudes toward prevention. Targeted educational interventions and increased involvement of healthcare providers are needed to improve vaccine awareness and acceptance in urban primary care settings.