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(Phantom & Human) OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to optimize imaging sequences to suppress artifacts induced by metallic hardware, using phantoms implanted with spinal hardware and participants with spinal cord injury (SCI) and spinal hardware at 3Tesla. US METHODS: Magnetic resonance (MR) sequences were first tested on realistic agar-suspended spine phantom models with metallic instrumentation. C-spine with anterior-plate, posterior rods/screws, C-spine with rods/screws, C-spine with Kirschner wire, posterior T-spine with rods/screws, and anterior/posterior T-spine with anterior-plate and rods/screws were used. The optimized metal-suppression sequences obtained from phantom imaging were then evaluated on sixteen participants with SCI with similar metal implants. Four neuroradiologists performed a qualitative analysis and ranked all the scans, both with and without metal suppression. The following subjective visual assessment included: conspicuity of neural foramen, mitigation of artifact, visualization of the spinal cord and homogeneity of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Agreement between the raters was moderate (0.41 to 0.6) to substantial (0.61 to 0.8) for most measures, although some were in the fair range (0.21 to 0.4). In evaluating the T2 weighted-axial images for conspicuity of neural foramen, visualization of spinal cord, and homogeneity of CSF as well as T1 weighted-axial image for homogeneity of CSF in the anterior plate, the upper bound of the confidence interval was below "3" so the metal suppressed image was favored. There is some improvement in using metal-suppressed sequences to evaluate spinal cord injury patients with metal hardware at 3T MRI; however, the model-adjusted mean scores did not reach statistical significance.

Organ preservation is a desirable goal for patients with rectal cancer. Magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) enables precise dose delivery and online adaptation. This phase I study (preRADAR) evaluated maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of short course radiotherapy (SCRT; 5x5 Gy) with a subsequent boost using MRgRT in intermediate-risk rectal cancer. the trial had a 6 + 3 dose-escalation design. Patients staged T3c-d(MRF-)N0M0 or T1-3(MRF-)N1M0 were treated on a 1.5 Tesla MR-linac with short-course radiotherapy (SCRT; 5 × 5 Gy) followed by 2-4 daily 5 Gy GTV boosts according to the dose level. Safety was assessed by incidence of acute and perioperative dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) within prespecified time windows and stopping boundaries. Secondary endpoints included technical feasibility (boost PTV V95% > 90%) and organ preservation at six months. Out of 31 patients screened, sixteen were treated across three dose levels. All fractions were delivered as planned and all adaptive boost fractions achieved the predefined feasibility criterion (PTV V95% >90%). No acute DLTs occurred. Three perioperative DLTs were observed, including two anastomotic leaks requiring reoperation. The MTD was not identified; dose level 2 (SCRT + 4 × 5 Gy boosts) was the highest dose level completed within the DLT stopping boundaries, achieving a 26-week organ preservation rate of 56% (5/9). MRgRT-based enables dose escalation following SCRT in intermediate-risk rectal cancer. The highest evaluated dose level, 4 × 5 Gy GTV boosts after SCRT, was considered safe within the predefined DLT boundaries and feasible for further evaluation.

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been extensively applied in dystrophic muscle, longitudinal characterization of multiple quantitative MRI parameters during degeneration and regeneration remains limited. This study aimed to longitudinally characterize changes in quantitative MRI parameters in control and dystrophic mouse muscles following myotoxin-induced myonecrosis using multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI). mpMRI was performed at 14 Tesla in mdx4cv mice (n = 10) and control (ctrl) mice (n = 5) following intramuscular BaCl2 injection. Quantitative maps of T1, T2, magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), and diffusion metrics were obtained from myotoxin- and saline-injected hind-limb muscles at multiple time points. Mean T1 values decreased, reaching minima at day 5 in ctrl (3.05 ± 0.67 s) and day 3 in mdx4cv (2.60 ± 0.28 s) muscles. Mean T2 values increased and peaked at day 3 in both ctrl (34.83 ± 4.73 ms) and mdx4cv (33.53 ± 2.98 ms) muscles. MTR values decreased, reaching lowest levels at day 5 post-injection in both ctrl (69.12% ± 6.23%) and mdx4cv (69.20% ± 5.83%) muscles. T1, T2, and MTR returned to near-baseline values by day 21 day. Diffusion metrics demonstrated early increases in mean and radial diffusivity with a concomitant decrease in fractional anisotropy, followed by recovery between days 5 and 7. mpMRI revealed distinct, time-dependent changes following myotoxin injury, demonstrating the added value of mpMRI as a noninvasive approach for sensitively characterizing the temporal evolution of quantitative MRI parameters following myotoxin-induced muscle injury in both control and dystrophic mice.

Automated lane change systems allow drivers to receive support for maneuver execution and sometimes initiation. Research suggests that delegating action selection to automation can impair awareness and reduce readiness to intervene if automation fails. The current study was designed to compare manual lane changes with two automated variants: driver-initiated but system-executed, and system-initiated and -executed after driver confirmation. Fourteen drivers were provided with instrumented Tesla Model 3s for a 4-week study period, during which video of the driver, the cabin, and the forward roadway, as well as data on vehicle speed and position were recorded. Automated lane changes were compared with manual lane changes, with each automated event matched to a similar manual one through stratified random sampling. Self-report questionnaires were administered at the conclusion of the study to examine drivers' subjective experiences. Drivers undergoing both variants of automated lane changes appeared to use the information displayed on the vehicle's center stack as a replacement for directly observing the forward roadway. The system-initiated automated lane changes were unique, however, in that drivers exhibited even shorter glances to the side mirrors and more frequent cell phone use compared with the other control modes, as well as reduced on-road glance duration over the second half of the study period. We also found that driver mistrust increased the most when the vehicle canceled an automated lane change, with system cancellations predicting lower future system use and less positive subjective perceptions of the system overall. Findings clarify differences between automation that supports the execution of a maneuver compared with one that supports both initiation and execution. The latter may risk driver disengagement and insufficient automation verification behavior. Automakers and system designers should be cautious about implementing automated support for action selection without ensuring that drivers engage in sufficient oversight.

Selenoproteins-particularly glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and selenoprotein P (SelP)-are essential for redox regulation and selenium (Se) homeostasis. However, the influence of aging and mercury (Hg) exposure on these proteins in marine mammals remains inadequately characterized. In this study, we examined liver, brain, kidney, and muscle tissues from 21 stranded long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), aged 1 to 36&#xa0;years, using double-affinity high-performance liquid chromatography (AF-HPLC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) to fractionate Se and Hg within selenoprotein-containing fractions. Age-dependent increases in total Hg and Se were observed across all tissues, alongside significant reductions (p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.05) in bioavailable selenoproteins-specifically those fractions associated with GPx and SelP-in brain and muscle. Although direct Hg-protein binding was not assessed, co-elution of Hg with Se-containing fractions suggests Hg association with selenoproteins, potentially compromising enzymatic function. These findings indicate a reduction in antioxidant capacity, with SelP potentially facilitating Hg transport into neural tissues, thereby increasing neurotoxic risk in older individuals. Our results underscore the age-related vulnerability of marine mammals to oxidative stress and highlight the need for mechanistic studies to clarify the biochemical basis of HgSe interactions.

The exponential growth of accessible chemical space represents a significant computational challenge for structure-based virtual screening. Hence, active-learning and machine-learning approaches, such as Deep Docking, have been introduced to significantly speed up this process; yet even such methods became computationally prohibitive as docking libraries expanded into and beyond billion-entries levels. To address this challenge, we herein introduce the Deep Docking Ultra (DDU) approach, which integrates advanced acquisition functions with a pre-trained molecular large language model (MLLM). We demonstrate that such a combination improves accuracy of docking score emulations, while significantly reducing their computational costs. Through 384 virtual screening experiments involving 12 proteins from all major target classes, we systematically benchmarked DDU performance to identify optimal configurations that reduce required computations by up to 45-fold compared to the original Deep Docking method, and by up to 28&#x2009;500-fold, compared to brute-force docking, without compromising predictive accuracy. We further demonstrate that DDU is able to screen 10.1 billion ligands against the phosphoglycerate kinase 2 target in just 10 days using 50 tesla V100 GPUs, and yields an overall docking enrichment factor of 12&#x2009;000.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with differences in neurodevelopment and altered metabolism, yet the interplay between brain morphometry, mitochondrial and energy metabolism biomarkers, and autistic traits in adults remains poorly understood. This study investigates the link between brain structure, psychometric measures, and both central and peripheral metabolic biomarkers in adults with ASD. We studied 145 adults, including 74 with ASD and 71 control participants (CON) using high-resolution 3-Tesla MRI to assess cortical thickness, subcortical and global brain volumes. Central energy metabolism was indexed by the posterior-cingulate lactate&#x2009;+&#x2009;threonine (Lac+) peak quantified with proton-MRS. We examined associations between biomarkers of mitochondrial function and energy metabolism (including lactate, pyruvate, creatine kinase, and multiple acylcarnitines). Psychometric evaluations included measures of ASD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom severity, as well as other psychiatric comorbidities. Between-group differences and correlations were assessed using robust statistics, controlling for age, sex, image quality, and total intracranial volume. Adults with ASD showed significantly larger bilateral caudate volumes compared to CON. Within the ASD group, higher ADHD symptom severity in childhood correlated with reduced cortical thickness in multiple frontal and temporal regions. Among metabolic markers, acylcarnitine C5:1 was positively associated with right insular cortex thickness, while C18:1-OH and C18:2 levels correlated positively with caudate volume. Caudate nucleus volume is associated not only with an ASD diagnosis but also with specific peripheral energy-metabolism blood markers, such as specific acylcarnitines. Alterations in cortical thickness were also correlated with acylcarnitine levels and, to a greater extent, with co-occurring ADHD symptoms. While alterations in cortical thickness and basal ganglia structure have been previously described in ASD and comorbid ADHD, the linkage between mitochondrial and energy metabolism biomarkers with neuroanatomical alterations in ASD is, to our knowledge, a novel observation that warrants further investigation. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known to affect brain development and the way the brain uses energy. However, how brain structure, energy metabolism, and autistic traits are connected in adults is still unclear. In this study, we examined brain scans and blood samples from 145 adults, some with ASD and some without (control participants). We also looked at their psychological traits, including symptoms of ADHD at childhood. We found that adults with ASD had a larger part of the brain called the caudate nucleus. In those with stronger ADHD symptoms during childhood, frontal and lateral brain regions were thinner. We also discovered that specific molecules in the blood related to energy use, called acylcarnitines, were linked to differences in brain structure. Some of these markers were connected to the size of the caudate nucleus and the thickness of the insular cortex. These results suggest that changes in brain structure in adults with ASD may be related not only to behavior and symptoms, but also to differences in how the brain produce and use energy. This connection between metabolism and brain structure could help us better understand autism and related conditions in the future.

The presence of midwall septal fibrosis (MSF) in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been shown to be associated with adverse clinical outcomes but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are incompletely understood. We investigated whether MSF associates with a distinct pattern of myocardial microstructural and microvascular abnormalities using advanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). This was a prospective, multi-referral, single center study comparing the hearts of patients with a current or prior diagnosis of DCM with and without MSF ("MSF+" / "MSF-"), to a control cohort of a similar age and sex distribution. All underwent single-magnet 3 Tesla CMR including cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI), quantitative rest perfusion and multiparametric tissue characterization. Prespecified analyses compared DCM with controls, and MSF+ with MSF-; secondary analyses included regional septal and within-subject segmental comparisons. 121 participants were studied: 34 MSF+ (51&#xb1;14years; 74% male), 27 MSF- (48&#xb1;15 years; 63% male) and 60 controls (45&#xb1;13 years; 58% male). Compared with controls, the DCM cohort demonstrated increased mean diffusivity (MD) (1.49v 1.43 &#xd7;10-3mm2/s, p<0.001) and reduced second eigenvector angle (E2A) (34.7 vs 40.2&#xb0;, p=0.001), consistent with microstructural abnormality, along with reduced resting myocardial blood flow (rMBF) (0.66 vs 0.70ml/g/min, p=0.045). Within the DCM cohort, MSF+ patients exhibited increased MD (1.51 vs 1.46 &#xd7;10-3mm2/s, p=0.006) and decreased rMBF (0.64 vs 0.71ml/g/min, p=0.013) compared to MSF-. Septal analyses demonstrated increased MD, decreased E2A, decreased FA, and reduced rMBF in DCM. Within-patient comparisons showed decreased perfusion in fibrotic segments compared with non-fibrotic myocardium. In exploratory analyses, decreased rMBF was associated with greater ventricular ectopic burden. Midwall septal fibrosis in DCM identifies a distinct myocardial phenotype characterized by microstructural remodeling and impaired myocardial perfusion, with regional and segmental specificity. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the adverse prognostic associations of MSF and highlight a potential imaging-guided pathway for risk stratification and therapies.

Longitudinal relaxation time (T1) can be used to assess pancreatic pathology on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although pancreatic T1 values may be influenced by intra-organ fat content, regional variation within the pancreas and the impact of potential confounders have not been comprehensively examined. This study aimed to investigate the nuanced associations between intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) and both regional and total pancreatic T1 relaxation times. Pancreatic T1 relaxation times were quantified with B1-corrected dual flip-angle 3D-VIBE imaging at 3.0 Tesla, whereas IPFD was measured with a high-speed, T2-corrected multi-echo sequence. Linear regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between IPFD and T1 values, with adjustment for relevant covariates. A total of 124 individuals were included in the analysis. IPFD explained 4.6% of the variance in total pancreatic T1 values, with notable regional differences: 1.0% in the head, 3.0% in the body, and 7.7% in the tail of the pancreas. In the fully adjusted model, IPFD was significantly associated with total pancreatic T1 values (p = 0.001), with consistent significant associations observed across all pancreatic regions: head (p = 0.03), body (p = 0.004), and tail (p = 0.002). These findings demonstrate that IPFD is a significant determinant of pancreatic T1 relaxation times. Accordingly, IPFD should be considered a potential confounder in pancreatic T1 assessments and accounted for when interpreting T1 relaxation times on pancreatic MRI in both research and clinical contexts.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) has been linked to alterations in brain white matter microstructure, but evidence comparing pre-treatment and six-month buprenorphine-naloxone (BNX) treatment remains limited. This study examined changes in brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics before and after six months of BNX treatment in individuals with OUD and assessed the influence of concurrent cannabis and tobacco use. This pre-post study included 25 individuals with OUD initiating BNX treatment and 25 healthy controls. All participants underwent 3-Tesla brain DTI scans at baseline and at six-month follow-up. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were quantified across 48 regions of interests defined by JHU White Matter Atlas. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to examine group and time effects. At follow-up, the OUD group demonstrated widespread increases in MD, AD, RD compared with baseline and healthy controls, involving commissural, projection, and association tracts. Compared with healthy controls, the OUD group at baseline showed lower FA in key commissural and projection pathways. White matter changes after 6-month BNX treatment are modest overall but might be influenced by continued cannabis and tobacco use. Addressing concurrent substance use may be important for optimizing neurobiological recovery during buprenorphine treatment.

To evaluate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging artifact and image distortion associated with the Oticon Medical Sentio Ti bone conduction implant (BCI) and identify optimized imaging techniques. Cadaveric study. One cadaveric head specimen was unilaterally implanted with Sentio Ti BCI according to the manufacturer's instructions. Imaging was performed with a Siemens 1.5 Tesla MR machine on XA60 software before and after implantation. Imaging was performed with both standard and metal mitigation techniques. Image scoring (diagnostic vs. nondiagnostic) and qualitative assessment of anatomic subsites were performed by 2 experienced neuroradiologists. Image distortion and artifact were noted in all postimplant sequences. For all sequences, imaging of the ipsilateral middle ear, mastoid, and internal auditory canal (IAC) was nondiagnostic. The axial T1 turbo spin echo high bandwidth sequence had the best artifact reduction; however, the ipsilateral temporal bone remained nondiagnostic. Notably, nonecho planar diffusion-weighted imaging (non-EPI DWI) was nondiagnostic for both the ipsilateral temporal bone and the contralateral IAC and middle ear. After implantation of the Sentio Ti BCI, imaging of the ipsilateral temporal bone is rendered nondiagnostic on all MR sequences due to artifact despite the use of metal mitigation techniques. Importantly, the non-EPI DWI HASTE sequence, which is used for cholesteatoma surveillance, is nondiagnostic for all ipsilateral and most contralateral temporal bone subsites, making cholesteatoma surveillance challenging with an implant in place. This finding is critical for clinical decision-making, as rehabilitation of conductive hearing loss in the setting of chronic otitis media is among the most common indications for use of a BCI.

Brain white matter (WM) has traditionally been viewed as a passive conduit for neural transmission. However, evidence of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals measured from the WM suggests its active participation in grey matter (GM) functional networks. Using 7-Tesla functional MRI (fMRI) data, we constructed a GM-WM functional connectome. We found that GM-WM functional architecture follows the unimodal-transmodal hierarchy of GM and is shaped by distributions of neurotransmitter receptors. Distinct WM networks exhibit unique connectivity profiles with GM, reflecting their roles in specific cognitive domains. Individual variations in this connectome correlated with cognitive performance. Notably, compared with the traditional GM-GM functional connectome, the GM-WM functional connectome shows stronger associations with brain disorders, suggesting greater diagnostic sensitivity as a neuromarker. These findings are replicated in a 3-Tesla fMRI cohort. Our work establishes WM as an integral component of the brain's functional architecture, contributing to hierarchical architecture and supporting higher-order cognition.

Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) operations are often challenged by vast search zones, poor visibility, and extreme lighting conditions, especially during nighttime missions. This study investigates the use of computer vision and object detection algorithms to automate life jacket detection and improve SAR effectiveness. To address the absence of domain-specific datasets, a custom image dataset featuring multiple life jacket types was developed. A two-fold methodology was adopted: evaluating the performance of YOLO object detection models (versions 5 through 12) on the dataset, and incorporating advanced image preprocessing techniques to enhance detection under challenging lighting conditions. The results demonstrate that preprocessing significantly improves detection performance in both overexposed and underexposed scenarios. Among all evaluated models, YOLOv10 achieved the strongest combination of precision and real-time inference speed (43.9 FPS on Tesla T4 GPU), making it a promising candidate for time-sensitive rescue applications. While individual cells of Tables&#xa0;5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 show other detectors achieving higher precision under specific lighting &#xd7; preprocessing combinations, YOLOv10 offers the best aggregate trade-off across the evaluated criteria. This work contributes a scalable benchmark solution for improving SAR outcomes by enabling faster and more reliable identification of individuals in distress at sea.

Altered excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance has been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), but previous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings have been inconsistent, partly due to methodological limitations. 7T MRS enables simultaneous quantification of glutamate (Glu) and &#x3b3;-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and calculation of their ratio as an MRS-based proxy of E/I balance. Using 7T MRS, we measured Glu and GABA levels in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) of 41 treated patients with MDD and 35 matched healthy controls (HC). The primary outcome was the Glu/GABA ratio. Analysis of covariance tested group effects controlling for age and sex. Associations with clinical symptoms (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and cognitive performance were also evaluated. A significant group &#xd7; age interaction was observed (F(1, 57) = 8.49, p = 0.005), with Glu/GABA increasing with age in HC but not in MDD. No significant group differences were detected for Glu or GABA individually, although GABA levels showed a non-significant trend towards higher values in MDD. The Glu/GABA ratio was not associated with symptom severity or cognitive performance. Glu and GABA levels were positively correlated in both groups (MDD: r = 0.669, p < 0.001; HC: r = 0.513, p = 0.003), with no significant difference between the slopes. Treated patients with MDD exhibited an altered age-related trajectory of the Glu/GABA ratio in the dACC, characterized by a reduced Glu/GABA ratio and absence of the normative age-related increase, despite preserved Glu-GABA coupling.

Long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) has been proposed as a potential risk factor for dementia and cerebral small vessel disease progression. In this study, we investigate the association between BPV, brain injury, and cognitive decline in probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Using a prospective memory clinic cohort, we enrolled 102 participants, including 52 with probable CAA and mild cognitive symptoms. BPV was assessed using a coefficient of variation derived from outpatient BP measurements (median 12) over 5&#x2009;years before imaging with 3-tesla research magnetic resonance imaging. We measured peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity and neuroimaging markers of CAA, including lacunes and cortical cerebral microinfarcts. Using regression models, we evaluated the association of BPV with white matter integrity and whether CAA modified this association. We also examined the association of BPV with longitudinal cognitive decline. Systolic BPV had a dose-dependent association with peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (standardized &#x3b2;=0.22, 95% CI: 0.06-0.39, P=0.010), independent of age, sex, mean BP, common vascular risk factors, brain atrophy, and CAA severity. The presence of probable CAA strengthened the association between BPV and peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (&#x3b2;=9.33, 95% CI: 1.32-17.34, P for interaction=0.023). Higher BPV correlated with the presence of lobar lacunes, cortical cerebral microinfarcts, and a decline in global cognition and processing speed. Long-term BPV had a dose-dependent association with altered white matter integrity, ischemic brain injury, and cognitive decline. Controlling BPV might be a potential novel therapeutic target to prevent cognitive decline in memory clinic patients with probable CAA and mild cognitive symptoms.

There is an increasing need to integrate multimodal datasets in epilepsy research, particularly to correlate electrophysiology with imaging in patients with refractory epilepsy. We present a multimodal paired 3T and 7T MRI dataset acquired from 30 drug-resistant focal epilepsy patients (18 females, 38.8&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;11.7 years) who underwent T1-weighted (T1w), T2-weighted (T2w), Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR), and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). In addition to the raw data, we release preprocessed anatomical and functional data, along with various quality control and clinical metadata files. For participants who subsequently underwent intracranial EEG (iEEG) (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;15), curated ictal and interictal epochs are also included. We demonstrate a potential application of this paired 3T and 7T data by training a deep learning model capable of synthesizing high-field 7T T1w MR images from the 3T equivalents. We anticipate that this dataset will facilitate future multiscale analyses in epilepsy.

China's Grand Canal, as an ancient artificial canal with the largest engineering scale and the longest mileage in the world, faces problems such as inconsistent terminology translation, a lack of cultural context, and low efficiency of artificial generation in its international cultural dissemination. In view of the above problems, this study proposes an intelligent generation model for the international discourse of Grand Canal culture based on Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). This study has built a special Chinese-English parallel corpus for the Grand Canal culture. The original data contains about 150,000 candidate sentence pairs. After strict cleaning, filtering, and manual verification, 120,000 high-quality parallel sentence pairs are finally obtained for model training and evaluation. On this basis, a three-layer feedforward network architecture is designed; momentum optimization and adaptive learning rate decay strategies are introduced. The proposed model is realized by software simulation. Based on the PyTorch deep learning framework, all experiments are completed on a NVIDIA Tesla V100 graphics processing unit. The model evaluation adopts three automatic indicators (namely Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU), Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE), and Translation Edit Rate (TER)), and manual assessment. The experimental results show that the proposed model has a BLEU-4 score of 0.438, a ROUGE-L score of 0.592, and a TER of 0.385. In the manual assessment, this model's cultural fidelity score is 4.1 (out of 5). The above results have improved by 54.2% and 21.1% compared with Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation (PBSMT) on BLEU-4 and Google Translate on ROUGE-L. The research results verify the applicability of the optimized BPNN in the vertical cultural field; concurrently, it provides an explorable technical path for improving the accuracy and efficiency of the international communication of Chinese cultural heritage.

Glioblastomas have a poor prognosis. Molecular markers such as telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) impact tumor behavior and prognosis. However, their relationship with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics and prognosis remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between TERTp and MGMT with MRI features and overall survival (OS) in glioblastomas. This retrospective study included 194 patients with glioblastoma who underwent preoperative 3.0 Tesla (T) MRI. A total of 11 morphologic image features were visually assessed, and quantitative parameters-including the minimum apparent diffusion coefficient value (ADCmin), relative ADC value (rADCmin), and maximum cerebral blood flow value (CBFmax)-were assessed via manually drawn regions of interest (ROIs). Both qualitative and quantitative parameters were compared across molecular biomarker subgroups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated, and Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors. TERTp mutation (TERTpm) was associated with older age in glioblastoma. Tumors harboring TERTpm showed significantly greater enhancement (P<0.001), tumor mass effect (P=0.009), lower rADCmin (P=0.001), and higher CBFmax (P=0.002) values compared to TERTp wild-type (TERTwt) tumors. A combination of these parameters demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 for distinguishing TERTpm status. MGMT methylation (MGMTm) tumors tended to lateralize to the left hemisphere (P=0.036). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significant associations between TERTpm, MGMTm, and OS. Multivariate analysis identified cortex involvement [hazard ratio (HR), 0.606; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.409-0.896; P=0.012] and MGMT (HR, 0.496; 95% CI: 0.324-0.760; P=0.001) as independent risk factors for OS. This study demonstrates that TERTpm and MGMTm are closely associated with MRI features and OS in glioblastomas. MRI characteristics provide a promising non-invasive tool for predicting TERTpm status, whereas MGMTm serves as an independent prognostic marker for glioblastomas. These findings provide new insights for the early diagnosis of glioblastomas.

The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the volumetric and histogram-based characteristics of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands in patients with hypertension compared with healthy controls. Magnetic Resonance images of a total of 94 patients, including 42 hypertensive and 52 control subjects, were included in the study. The volumes of the right and left parotid and submandibular glands were manually measured on images obtained using a 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance scanner. For volumetric assessment of the parotid and submandibular glands, T1-weighted MR images were analyzed using the Sectra IDS7 software program on a full HD display. In addition, histogram analysis was performed on manually defined regions of interest to calculate mean, skewness, and kurtosis values. A total of 94 participants were included. Submandibular gland volumes were significantly higher in hypertensive patients (right: 8.58&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;2.0; left: 8.61&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;2.1 ) compared to controls (right: 7.81&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;2.1; left: 7.73&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;1.9), while parotid gland volumes showed no significant difference (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). Histogram analysis revealed significantly lower mean grayscale values in the parotid glands in the hypertension group (right: 113.73&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;27.9; left: 113.81&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;25.6) compared to healthy controls (right: 145.91&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;31.1; left: 148.89&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;32.6)(p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), whereas skewness and kurtosis values were not significantly different (p&#x2009;>&#x2009;0.05). Hypertension may be associated with gland-specific volumetric changes and diffuse microstructural alterations in salivary glands. Histogram-based analysis provides complementary information beyond volumetric measurements and may improve the detection of subtle tissue changes. MRI is an effective method for quantitative evaluation of salivary glands.