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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) brings inevitable and significant changes for family members, yet there is little to relieve their trauma, resolve their grief, or prevent ongoing suffering. The aim of this qualitative pre-feasibility study was to understand the clinical potential of storytelling for families after TBI using the 'Life Threads' approach (LTA). An in-depth inductive qualitative design was adopted within an interpretivist paradigm. Following informed consent, participants took part in an online focus group, then engaged with the LTA over four weeks before completing an unstructured, in-person interview. A final focus group explored participants' reflections on the LTA. A purposive sample of 20 family members began the study, three withdrew after the first focus group leaving a final sample size of 17. The analytical approach used was Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. Eleven participants reported tangible benefits from engaging with the LTA, and thirteen described being able to tell their story in a way not possible through traditional methods. Four main themes were identified: 'Scaling Cliffs with Broken Wings' and 'An Entanglement of Wellbeing' illustrated the evolving and contextual needs of families post-TBI. 'Hear Me, See Me: The Power of Story' highlighted how the LTA facilitated voice, agency, and sense-making, while 'Creating the Conditions for Stories to Be Told' identified the enabling environment required for such benefits to emerge. The findings suggest that the LTA offers a meaningful way for family members to explore, express, and make sense of their experiences following TBI. It supports narrative reconstruction, fosters connection and agency, and provides a rare opportunity for self-reflection. However, implementation must be trauma-informed, paced, and supported by skilled facilitators capable of holding space for complex emotional responses.

Although attribution theory remains central to organizational science, most existing instruments originate in clinical psychology, rely on hypothetical vignettes, and exhibit notable psychometric shortcomings. To address these deficiencies, we introduce the Attributional Styles at Work Questionnaire (ASWQ), a measure grounded in realistic, empirically grounded work events. Informed by a systematic review that identified the occupational situations most likely to trigger attributional processing, the ASWQ samples this content domain comprehensively, thereby ensuring contextual relevance and providing initial evidence of content validity. Across independent employee samples drawn from distinct cultural contexts, sequential exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses produced a replicable, theoretically coherent factor structure with satisfactory reliability coefficients, supporting the instrument's internal validity. The ASWQ assesses responses to positive and negative work events along two core attributional dimensions (i.e., locus of causality and stability). As predicted, optimistic versus pessimistic attributional styles correlated meaningfully with positive/negative affectivity, the Big Five personality traits, and self-determined work motivation, providing validity in relation to these established measures. Moreover, the findings reveal nuanced attribution patterns for negative events across work domains, challenging a simple valence-based dichotomy. By clarifying the cognitive processes that shape employee behavior, the ASWQ positions workplace attributions as a pivotal construct for advancing organizational research and practice.

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As in much of sub-Saharan Africa, adolescent boys constitute a large and increasing share of Ethiopia's population. Masculinity norms, social, and structural factors intertwine to negatively impact boys' and men's health. What, where, and how boys learn about body changes during early adolescence is an important foundation for health over the life course. However, little evidence exists on boys' social and physical transitions in early adolescence. This exploratory qualitative and participatory study applied a social constructionist approach. We gathered insights on boys' learning and interpretation of body changes and their gendered implications. We collected data in two sites: one urban and one rural, representing distinct regions of Ethiopia. Methods included Participatory Activities with groups (n = 8) of adolescent boys (n = 120); Focus Group Discussions (n = 6) with primary school teachers (n = 32); and Key Informant Interviews (n = 15) with adults. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we used a multi-stage approach to code data, triangulate among data sources, and identify themes relevant to understandings of boys' puberty and early adolescence. We identified three themes related to boys' experiences of puberty and masculinity norms: 1) the "fire age" is central to male adolescence; 2) boys feel ambivalent about community masculinity norms; and 3) inadequate guidance leaves boys struggling to interpret body changes. Findings suggested that boys were internalizing and struggling with normative definitions of adolescence and manhood, leaving them unprepared for puberty. A normative understanding held male adolescence as naturally volatile, with boys having limited ability to control their bodies. This fit with broader hegemonic masculinity norms prizing male physicality and justifying gender inequality through biological difference. Despite the centrality of puberty in shared understandings of male adolescence, boys had little guidance on interpreting or managing body changes. The study contributed to global research on the importance of understanding how and what boys learn in early adolescence and puberty. Puberty education should address Ethiopian boys' gendered experiences in tandem with scientifically accurate information.

submission trends to the ERA Congress provide a valuable lens through which to observe the evolution of nephrology research and education. Analysing submissions from 2020 to 2026, we document a marked recovery following the COVID-19 disruption, culminating in a record number of abstracts for the 2026 Congress in Glasgow. Beyond volume, notable shifts have occurred in subject mix, geographic participation and reviewer scoring patterns. Chronic kidney disease and glomerular disorders now dominate submissions, reflecting major scientific advances and changing clinical priorities, while international engagement has broadened substantially. These trends suggest that the ERA Congress has entered a new phase characterised by sustained high activity rather than transient post-pandemic rebound. We discuss the implications for congress programme design, peer review, inclusiveness and future strategic planning, highlighting how abstract data can inform the direction of large scientific meetings and the nephrology community at large.

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Endogenous circadian programs coordinate physiology across tissues, including immune cell trafficking and drug metabolism. Previous retrospective studies suggested that the timing of immune checkpoint inhibitor delivery may be a modifiable determinant of survival in patients with cancer, with earlier infusions often associated with improved outcomes. Recently, the prospective randomized phase 3 LungTIME-C01 trial reported that earlier time-of-day (before 3pm) administration of chemo-immunotherapy nearly doubled progression-free survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. In this commentary, we examine the trial's clinical design and execution, including protocol amendments and safety reporting that warrant clarification. We consider the mechanistic interpretation of the results, highlighting that the observed effects may reflect contributions from cytotoxic chronopharmacology, circadian immune regulation, and healthcare delivery factors rather than immunotherapy timing alone. We outline implications for future trial design, including factorial approaches to disentangle the timing of immunotherapy from chemotherapy and the need for multicenter validation before scheduling recommendations are widely adopted.

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Chronic pain causes an imbalance of autonomic function, often indicated by reductions in parasympathetic heart rate variability (HRV) indices. This study aimed to investigate HRV measures among patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and healthy controls (HCs), and the influence of diabetes on these parameters. HRV measures, which are time and frequency-derived non-invasive measures of autonomic function, were obtained from the electrocardiography (ECG) recordings. Moreover, deceleration capacity, and periodic repolarization dynamics were assessed as measures of parasympathetic and sympathetic activity. A total of 141 participants (38 pain-free CP, 53 painful CP, and 50 healthy controls) were analysed. Painful CP patients exhibited more pronounced parasympathetic reductions assessed with the root mean square of successive differences between normal beats (14.5 ms IQR 11.5-22 versus 21.8 ms IQR 17.6-32.4; P=0.01) and high frequency content (118.2 ms² versus 273.4 ms²; P=0.007) in comparison to pain-free CP. Moreover, there was a decreased standard deviation of normal-to-normal interbeat intervals (31.6±18.7 ms versus 39.9±18.5 ms; P=0.04), and low frequency content (158.9 ms² versus 480.4 ms²; P=0.003) indicating altered sympathovagal balance. Furthermore, the mean RR interval was greater in non-diabetic CP patients (830.5±144.2 ms) compared to those with diabetes (770.7±139.4 ms; P=0.05). Chronic pancreatitis, particularly when painful, is associated with significant autonomic dysregulation, characterized by a pronounced reduction in parasympathetic activity as measured by HRV compared to pain-free patients.

With HAART improving life expectancy and increasing new HIV diagnoses among older adults, the population of older people living with HIV (OPLWH) is growing. They face unique challenges when disclosing to adult children. This study preliminarily explores how OPLWH in Wuxi, China, evaluate their disease before disclosure. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 OPLWH (aged ≥50). Using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis, results revealed five key themes in OPLWH's decision-making about disclosing their illness to adult children: (1) preparation, (2) symptoms, (3) prognosis, (4) stigma and (5) relevance to others. These themes comprised a total of 15 sub-themes, capturing various aspects of their decision-making. These findings reveal key considerations influencing disclosure decisions. They provide a preliminary empirical basis for future large-sample studies and for future longitudinal studies, as well as for developing culturally tailored support strategies to facilitate family communication, reduce stigma and improve the well-being of this population.

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Defining a comprehensive signal repertoire is an important step to understanding a species' vocal communication system. Here, we investigated the vocal repertoire of a well-investigated model species in ethology: the greylag goose (Anser anser). We applied unsupervised machine learning algorithms to a large dataset of vocalisations from a free-living population of greylag geese to investigate the acoustic structure of this species' vocal signals. We extracted four types of data representations, which were projected into 2, 20 and 100 dimensions using the UMAP algorithm, and then grouped using two commonly used clustering methods. Additionally, we successfully applied a graph-based clustering approach - Leiden community detection - which, to our knowledge, has not previously been employed in bioacoustics. Our analyses revealed a partly graded vocal repertoire that broadly matched early descriptions of the greylag goose call repertoire. Audio feature vectors, rather than more commonly used spectrographic representations, revealed clusters most congruent with human labels and offered the most comprehensive visualisation of the acoustic space. Leiden community detection performed comparably to established approaches but matched the number of human-defined classes closest. These findings highlight the impact of data representation on repertoire analysis and provide the first objective, quantitative characterisation of the greylag goose vocal repertoire.

The consumption of cannabinoids is highly prevalent and has been associated with altered structural, functional, and metabolic brain integrity, measured using PET and neuroimaging tools. However, the current neuroimaging evidence has been summarized by distinct modalities that measure different metrics of brain integrity, precluding a comprehensive understanding of the underlying neurobiology. A non-systematic narrative review method was used to summarize the multimodal neuroimaging evidence on brain integrity from experimental studies of cannabinoid intoxication and observational studies in non-intoxicated cannabis users. Consistent evidence showed that acute intoxication with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was associated with greater brain activity in fronto-striatal pathways. For regular cannabis users compared to controls, there was consistent cross-sectional evidence of lower hippocampal volumetry and white matter microstructure of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and of different fronto-striatal activity and connectivity during cue-reactivity tasks and resting-state. In cannabis users, there was emerging evidence from Positron Emission Tomography studies of altered neurochemistry in fronto-striatal pathways (eg, lower N-acetyl aspartate); lower glucose metabolism in the frontal cortex; and lower density of cannabinoid receptors, which may reverse with abstinence. Longitudinal multimodal neuroimaging studies are required to confirm if brain differences predate or follow the onset of cannabis use or cannabis use disorder, and whether changes in brain integrity in people who use cannabis dissipate with abstinence.

The literature shows that the adoption of good health behaviours is positively linked to individual factors, such as educational or socioeconomic levels. In this study, we aim to explore the link between an individual's attitude towards risk and the adoption of positive health habits (e.g., being sporty, not smoking or having a normal Body Mass Index - BMI -). We analysed survey data collected by phone from 2,666 individuals selected at random from a population of French health insurees. In addition to the individual's socioeconomic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, number of children, level of education, financial difficulties) and health status, we specifically analysed the role of his/her score for risk taking, measured using the 30-item self-report DOSPERT scale, in the adoption of each good health behaviour, using logistic models. Among the 2,666 respondents, 58.0% reported participating in sports regularly, 71.6% did not smoke, and 61.8% reported having a normal BMI. The logistic models show a strong significant association (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01) between the respondent's DOSPERT risk score and his/her health habits; however, the sign depends on the behaviour considered. Our results reveal the complexity of the relationship, which is not unequivocal, between an individual's attitude towards risk and the adoption of these good health behaviours. Health-conscious individuals do not exhibit a uniform pattern of behaviour: their choices regarding diet, physical activity and smoking, reflect distinct and sometimes inconsistent trade-offs.

In 2012, the 'Workplace Injury Stories' project was developed. Within this project, professionals from the Occupational Health and Safety Prevention Services of Local Health Authorities in Piedmont and Lombardy Regions (Northern Italy) and in Marche Region (Central Italy) transformed occupational injury investigation reports into narrative stories. This study aimed to explore the contexts in which injury stories are used, their application in training settings, and their contribution to preventive activities.An online survey was administered to 225 professionals involved in the project, and three focus groups were conducted. Among 135 respondents (60%), 25 participated in the focus groups. Injury stories were mainly used for training purposes, most commonly through lectures combined with group work using innovative approaches such as role play and theatrical performances, and as case studies in peer discussions and during inspection activities also emerged. In training settings, injury stories promoted identification and empathy, supporting reflection on preventive actions. These findings support the use of narrative-based training for the continuing education of workers and prevention professionals.

The emotional experience of informal caregiving is considerable and complex, consisting of tensions internally and with the care recipient, and exacerbated by pressures to adopt the caregiver role without complaint or assistance. Our findings demonstrate the need to develop policies to relieve distress for caregivers of fragility fracture patients. Informal caregiving can have considerable physical and psychosocial consequences, with the emotional strain of caregiving considered most distressing. Few studies have examined the emotional experience of caregiving for individuals with a fragility fracture or the contextual factors that may influence this experience. We aimed to explore the experience of caring for someone after a fragility fracture to understand the nuances of the emotional experience and identify ways to better support informal caregivers in the future. We used a phenomenological approach to examine caregivers' experiences. We recruited primary caregivers of patients discharged from a rehabilitation hospital following a fragility fracture. We conducted individual interviews with caregivers and analyzed the data phenomenologically to describe the structure of caregivers' emotional experiences and illuminate potential influencing factors. We interviewed 32 caregivers (19 females, 13 males; 37-95&#xa0;years old). We found that the emotional experience of caregiving was complex, consisting of tensions internally and with care recipients, and exacerbated by multiple pressures to adopt the caregiver role. As a result of these pressures, caregivers often felt reluctant to voice displeasure or ask for help, exacerbating their burden and reinforcing a sense that they must suffer in silence. Our study demonstrates the multifaceted nature of caregivers' emotional burden and highlights the pressures felt by&#xa0;caregivers of fragility fracture patients to take on caregiving roles without complaint or assistance. Our findings highlight the need to acknowledge the emotional complexity of caregiving, empower caregivers to ask for help, and develop meaningful supports and policies to alleviate caregiver burden.

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