Dyslipidemia remains a common and treatable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the United States (US) and worldwide. In 2026, the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), and other US societies released a new guideline on the management of dyslipidemia. This review summarizes 10 key takeaways in the primary prevention setting from the 2026 multisociety guideline on the evaluation and management of dyslipidemia. Key takeaways from the new guideline include early evaluation for dyslipidemia and potential genetic dyslipidemias starting in childhood, with subsequent screening every 5 years after age 19. Adult screening for dyslipidemia with Lp(a) at least once in lifetime and selective use of ApoB testing is also recommended. After obtaining lipid measurements, risk assessment is performed using the PREVENT-ASCVD score to calculate 10-year (and 30-year in adults aged 30-59) ASCVD risk. Considering demographic, clinical and laboratory data as well as coronary calcium scoring in addition to the PREVENT-ASCVD risk score allows for shared decision-making regarding initiation of lipid lowering therapy (LLT), primarily with statins. The new guideline also reintroduces treatment goals for LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and apo B in select cases based on risk category for the primary prevention population. The 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidemia guideline incorporates evolving data on dyslipidemia evaluation and management to optimize ASCVD risk. This review describes 10 key highlights from the guideline for the evaluation and management of dyslipidemia in the primary prevention setting.
A primary way the US federal government delivers public goods and services is via monetary payments. Ensuring that these payments are calculated accurately, delivered on time, and made to the correct recipients is important for government fiscal health. Inaccurate or delayed payments can weaken public trust in the government and undermine government accountability. In this article, we examine findings from a set of impact evaluations assessing interventions designed to improve payment integrity in US federal programs. The low-cost, evidence-based interventions draw on insights from the social and behavioral sciences and include modification of forms, changes to how and when agencies request information, and altering existing communications. The evaluations were conducted by the US General Services Administration's Office of Evaluation Sciences in collaboration with agency partners. We extract three takeaways across four representative evaluations. First, the real-world evaluations validate a key implication of the behavioral science literature: interventions that reduce burdens for individuals have small effects that meaningfully improve payment integrity at scale. Second, effects attenuate across interventions and over time, suggesting a need for iterative evaluation. Finally, bureaucratic hurdles and administrative complexity are the main barriers to translating academic insights into real-world government programs. Addressing these challenges will require close collaboration between behavioral scientists and practitioners throughout the intervention design and evaluation process.
Wildfire activity in the United States is increasing due to climate change, land management practices, and human ignitions, reversing decades of air quality progress. Wildfire is an essential process in fire-adapted ecosystems, but fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke poses significant health risks both near the fire source and in communities far from fire-prone areas. Public health and forest management are often viewed as having conflicting goals-reducing smoke exposure versus restoring fire to ecosystems-but opportunities for collaboration exist. We analyzed an interdisciplinary panel discussion from the 2024 Rocky Mountain Wildfire Smoke Symposium (RMWSS) using thematic analysis and the RADaR technique to identify such opportunities. Four major themes emerged: (a) coordinated communication between stakeholders, (b) barriers and facilitators to bridge building across disciplines, (c) impacts of climate change and (d) priorities and perspectives across disciplines. Additionally, we synthesized the panel discussion and audience polling data into a figure that categorizes solutions by perceived investment, impact, and stakeholder responsibility. High impact objectives included advancing climate resilient community infrastructure, expanding resource sharing, and securing full-time equivalent (FTE) funding for smoke specialists and communication liaisons. Collaboration across disciplines, combined with long-term policy that reduces barriers for safe fire management while investing in clean air will be critical to addressing the wildfire crisis. Wildfires are becoming more frequent and intense and smoke from these fires can harm people's health—even in communities far from the flames. At the same time, fire is important in maintaining healthy forests. Balancing forest management and public health requires stronger coordination across disciplines. We examined a discussion among experts in public health, forest management, and fire science to identify ways to better prepare for a future with more fire and smoke. The conversation highlighted common challenges, including gaps in communication, limited coordination across agencies, and a lack of resources. It also highlighted ways to build bridges across disciplines including consistent public messaging, better access to clean indoor air spaces, and policy investments that support both healthy forests and clean air.
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Takeaway food outlets ('takeaways') sell hot food for consumption off the premises. Takeaway management zones are areas around schools where new takeaways are not allowed to open. They are the most common planning intervention targeting takeaways across local authorities in England to date. We conducted an evaluation of these zones to: model their impact on adult health model their associated economic costs and benefits explore their acceptability and perceived effectiveness among young people investigate support and perceived effectiveness among adults explore barriers to and facilitators of their adoption and implementation among local authority staff. We used a forecast of takeaway growth and a statistical model to estimate the impact of zones on diet-related health outcomes, quality-adjusted life-years and healthcare costs to 2040. We did this for adults aged 25-64 years in six different local authorities. We conducted a linked economic analysis to understand the future costs and benefits of zones to local authorities, the National Health Service and national government. We estimated costs when denial of planning permission results in a 3-, 6- or 12-month vacancy before alternative retail uptake. We asked 46 young people about how acceptable they thought the policy was. By conducting 'go along' interviews, we gained insights into their everyday food habits within and outside the school gates. We used survey data to understand public acceptability and perceived effectiveness of zones. We also asked whether having fewer takeaways near schools could reduce how often young people consume takeaway food. To evaluate adoption and implementation, we interviewed 29 local authority public health and planning officers about what lessons they had learned. Compared to no intervention, future reductions in takeaway exposure ranged from 3 outlets/person in Fenland to 28 outlets/person in Manchester. Obesity prevalence was reduced in both sexes in all local authorities, for example, in Manchester, by 2.3 percentage points for males. We observed reductions in disease incidence, for example, in Manchester, by 964 type II diabetes cases/100,000 males. Zones produced a positive net economic impact of, for example, £8.49-12.78M in Manchester. Despite objections on economic grounds, zones are associated with economic benefits for local authorities, the National Health Service and national government. Young people found zones to be acceptable and perceived them to have some positive impacts. But, a wider policy, including other types of outlets selling convenience food, may better limit dietary risk. Out of 3323 adults, 51% supported zone adoption. Almost three-quarters believed that zones would help young people to eat better. Among those aged 16-17 years, 33% agreed that young people would consume takeaway food less often if there were fewer takeaways near schools. Effective working relationships between local authority colleagues were important for adoption and implementation. Some local authorities ensured this by developing cross-departmental roles and policy 'champions'. A formal implementation process ensured confidence and consistency in implementation. Takeaway management zones around schools were forecast to reduce obesity prevalence and disease incidence by 2040, with no net economic costs. The public see zones as acceptable and potentially effective. However, the reality of adopting and implementing zones is challenging, while other aspects of food retail also influence the behaviours of young people. This synopsis presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme as award number NIHR130597. There are many ways in which our neighbourhoods can make it hard to make healthy choices. Having more takeaway outlets means people tend to eat more of the unhealthy foods they sell. Designating zones around schools where new takeaways are not allowed to open is one way that local councils can encourage healthier lifestyles in children and adults. By 2019, 41 of 325 local councils in England had takeaway ‘management’ zones around schools. However, these councils have been working in the absence of evidence of their impact and acceptability. These evidence gaps have made it difficult for councils to demonstrate the value of management zones, curtailing further adoption and successful implementation. We used a computer model to estimate the impact of takeaway management zones on health to 2040. We also wanted to understand the costs and benefits of zones to local and national economies and the National Health Service over this period. We ran a survey to understand how acceptable and effective people thought zones would be and spoke to young people directly about what they thought of the policy overall. Finally, we asked public health and planning colleagues in local councils about their experiences of zones and what lessons they had learned. Although imperfect, takeaway management zones around schools were forecast to reduce obesity and related disease. For example, in Manchester, we forecast obesity prevalence for males to reduce by 2.3 percentage points. These health benefits were achieved with no overall economic harm. In fact, in Manchester, we forecast their adoption to save the council between £8M and £12M. Local communities saw zones as acceptable and potentially effective. However, the reality of adopting and managing the ongoing implementation of zones was a challenge for councils, while other aspects of high street food retail also influence young people’s diets.
Hot food takeaways typically serve food that is energy dense and high in fat and sugar, leading to concerns around their contribution to population prevalence of excess weight. Local authorities have adopted a range of planning policy approaches to regulate new hot food takeaways across England. We used a systematic approach to describe health-focused hot food takeaway policies adopted by all local authorities to inform future policy development. We obtained Local Plans and other relevant planning guidance documents from local authority websites in November 2024. Documents were systematically reviewed, and health-focused hot food takeaway policies extracted for analysis of intent and mechanisms. Of 296 local authorities with planning power in England, 101 had adopted a health-focused hot food takeaway policy. Six main regulatory mechanisms were identified, with takeaway management zones (sometimes referred to as "exclusion zones") around schools and other approaches designed to prevent over-proliferation or over-concentration of takeaways adopted by around three-quarters of local authorities. Whilst six broad regulatory mechanisms were identified, there were numerous variations in policy approaches between local authorities. Furthermore, whilst some policies were clear and unambiguous, other policies lacked clarity, with potential implications for application and enforcement. With an increasing number of local planning authorities adopting hot food takeaway policies, this review provides a comprehensive overview of policy approaches successfully implemented across England that can be used to inform policy development.
Existing literature demonstrates the benefits of DPYD and UGT1A1 pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing to reduce toxicity from fluoropyrimidines and irinotecan, respectively. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has provided UGT1A1-guided irinotecan dosing for 20 years, and in 2025, the FDA and National Comprehensive Cancer Network both updated their guidance to recommend DPYD testing prior to fluoropyrimidine therapy. As such, there is an increasing interest in testing and a need for guidance describing implementation strategies. This review summarizes conclusions from DPYD and/or UGT1A1 implementation initiatives and describes key takeaways related to perspectives, workflow, cost, and supportive care from 32 included articles. Perspectives toward testing were generally positive, although barriers such as turnaround time and cost concerns were still identified. Workflow integration varied by institution, but a clear delineation of duties was consistently necessary. For both DPYD and UGT1A1, real-world studies and modeling data indicate testing is cost-effective. PGx testing was underutilized for supportive care medications despite its relevance, but there is an opportunity to leverage panel-based approaches to increase utilization without additional workflow burden. Description of these key considerations and takeaways reported by those implementing DPYD and/or UGT1A1 PGx testing would be beneficial to institutions in the early phases of implementation.
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) imposes a substantial economic burden on South Korea, yet limited cost data exist for the TRD stage. This study estimated the 28-day societal costs of TRD across distinct health states. A mixed micro-macro-costing approach was used to estimate direct medical, non-medical, and indirect costs from a societal perspective across four health states (major depressive episodes [MDE], treatment response, remission, and recovery). Healthcare resource utilization was assessed through expert consultation with eight board-certified psychiatrists. The unit costs were derived from national fee schedules, published literature, and national statistics. Indirect costs included productivity losses due to absenteeism, presenteeism, and suicide-related mortality. Over a 28-day cycle, the per-patient direct medical cost in the MDE state ($803.2) was 15.2 times higher than that in the recovery state ($52.8). From a societal perspective, the 28-day economic burden during the MDE state ($2,388.4) was 25.7 times greater than that of the recovery state ($93.1). In the MDE state, indirect costs constituted the largest component of this 28-day societal burden ($1,074.6; 45% of total costs), followed by direct medical costs ($803.2; 34%). TRD imposes a substantial economic burden on South Korea, with costs peaking during acute episodes. These findings underscore the critical importance of clinical interventions that reduce episode duration and accelerate recovery to minimize healthcare utilization and societal costs. What is this summary about? This summary explores the economic impact of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in South Korea. TRD is a condition where depression persists despite multiple medication trials. While clinically challenging, its exact societal cost across distinct health states—from severe depressive episodes through treatment response, remission, and recovery—has remained unclear until now.What are the key takeaways? The societal cost during a severe depressive episode is approximately $2,388 per 28 days, which is nearly 26 times higher than during the recovery stage ($93). Surprisingly, the largest expense is not medical treatment. “Lost productivity”—the economic impact of being unable to work or being less efficient—accounts for 45% of total costs. Direct medical expenses (hospitalization and treatment) represent 34% of costs during severe episodes. Additional “hidden” burdens include significant caregiving and transportation expenses.What are the main conclusions reported by the researchers? The researchers conclude that TRD poses a massive economic challenge in South Korea, with costs heavily concentrated during severe depressive episodes. The actual burden may be even higher when accounting for advanced, non-reimbursed therapies. To mitigate this societal impact, there is a critical need for effective, fast-acting treatments that can rapidly move patients out of severe depressive episodes and back to their productive daily lives.
What is this summary about?This is a summary of a publication about the IKEMA clinical trial that was published in The Lancet Haematology in July 2024. The trial tested if a combination of cancer drugs (isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone, or Isa-Kd for short) would help people with relapsed (when cancer returns after a period of improvement following treatment) or refractory (when cancer stops responding to treatment) multiple myeloma live longer. Isa-Kd was compared with a combination of carfilzomib and dexamethasone (or Kd for short) in this study. The IKEMA trial included participants who had been treated for their multiple myeloma before with other cancer medicines.How was the study in this summary conducted?This study included a total of 302 participants; 179 received Isa-Kd and 123 received Kd. The researchers measured overall survival, which is the total amount of time people lived during the study regardless of whether they died of cancer or from other causes. The researchers also measured how long people lived before their cancer got worse, once they stopped taking the IKEMA study treatments and started taking a new multiple myeloma treatment. The adverse events in participants who received at least 1 treatment were also measured.What are the key takeaways?People with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma at study entry who received Isa-Kd continued to benefit from therapy after about 4.5 years of monitoring. People who received Isa-Kd were predicted to live about 13 months longer than people who received Kd, although the researchers could not rule out that the benefit was due to chance. People who received Isa-Kd also lived longer before their cancer got worse, once they started taking their next multiple myeloma treatment. Isa-Kd did not show any new safety concerns compared with previous studies.Clinical trial number: NCT03275285.
What is this summary about?This summary describes the final results from the TALAPRO-2 clinical research study. The TALAPRO-2 study tested a combination of two medicines called talazoparib and enzalutamide. These medicines were given together as the first treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in adult men. The combination of talazoparib plus enzalutamide was compared with a placebo plus enzalutamide.What were the goals of this final analysis?Researchers looked at whether combining talazoparib plus enzalutamide would increase the length of time patients lived (known as overall survival) compared with a placebo plus enzalutamide. Researchers were able to look at the final results of the study because the patients had been followed for longer. These final results included how long patients lived before their cancer got worse or they died (known as progression-free survival).Researchers also looked at the safety of talazoparib plus enzalutamide, which included the number and type of side effects that patients had during the study. Lastly, researchers asked the patients how they felt about their general quality of life.What are the key takeaways?A total of 805 men with mCRPC took part in the study. Patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide had a 20% lower chance of dying than those who took a placebo plus enzalutamide. The patients in the talazoparib plus enzalutamide group also had a 33% lower chance of their cancer getting worse or dying than those in the placebo plus enzalutamide group. The most common side effects of talazoparib plus enzalutamide were anemia (low levels of red blood cells), low levels of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell), and excessive tiredness or exhaustion.Clinical trial number: NCT03395197.
What is this summary about?This summary describes key findings from an analysis that looked at the relationship between levels of aripiprazole in the blood and the chance of experiencing a new mood episode in people diagnosed with bipolar I disorder treated with a once-monthly injection of aripiprazole monohydrate.What are the key takeaways?Higher levels of aripiprazole in the blood were linked to a lower chance of experiencing a new mood episode. The best way to describe this relationship was continuous, meaning that the chance of staying well increased gradually as the level of aripiprazole in the blood increased. People with an aripiprazole level of 95 ng/mL or higher after starting the once-monthly injection of aripiprazole monohydrate had a 36% lower chance of having a new mood episode, compared with people whose levels were below this point.What are the main conclusions reported by the researchers?The level of aripiprazole in the blood is an important factor in predicting whether people diagnosed with bipolar I disorder treated with a once-monthly injection of aripiprazole monohydrate will stay well or experience another mood episode. Those with higher levels of aripiprazole in their blood have a lower chance of having a new mood episode. These findings highlight the importance of receiving once-monthly injections of aripiprazole monohydrate on time, to keep aripiprazole levels in the blood high enough to reduce the chance of having a new mood episode.
Systemically administered vaccines were instrumental in reducing severe disease, hospitalizations, and deaths during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, they often failed to consistently elicit robust immunity at mucosal sites. This minireview examines a central role for respiratory mucosal immunity in protection against emerging viral pathogens and highlights key takeaways from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Evidence from SARS-CoV-2 and influenza studies demonstrates that mucosal vaccination uniquely induces secretory IgA, as well as resident memory B and T cells within the upper and lower airways, thereby promoting broader and more potent protection. Accordingly, interest in mucosal vaccination strategies has been recently renewed. However, significant knowledge gaps remain, which include determining optimal vaccination strategies (systemic prime-mucosal boost versus mucosal-only), identifying the underlying mechanisms that cause the relatively rapid decay of mucosal immunity, establishing reproducible and standardized correlates of protection, and developing safe, effective delivery platforms and adjuvants that are compatible with the respiratory environment. These challenges are particularly relevant for high-priority zoonotic threats, such as henipaviruses, hantaviruses, arenaviruses, and emerging influenza strains, for which mucosal immune responses and correlates of protection remain poorly defined. Moreover, advancing mucosal vaccine design through improved viral vectors, nanoparticle systems, and immunomodulatory adjuvants will be critical for achieving durable immunity. Ultimately, leveraging insights gained from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic may enable breakthroughs in mucosal vaccination strategies that reduce transmission, limit viral evolution, and strengthen preparedness for future respiratory pandemics.
"If you are like the many people who approach us and ask, 'How do we end [mass incarceration]?', keep reading. You've come to the right place." So closes the introduction to Dismantling Mass Incarceration: A Handbook for Change, a collection of abolitionist and reformist pieces edited by Premal Dharia, James Forman Jr., and Maria Hawilo. This book review provides an overview of the main themes regarding the six aspects of the criminal legal system: police, prosecutors, public defenders, judges, prisons, and post-release. We highlight examples of the theoretical and practical takeaways from the various interviews, articles, book excerpts, and essays written by a wide range of guest authors. Ultimately, this book is critical reading for those interested in tackling mass incarceration as physicians, citizens, and concerned fellow human beings.
Research demonstrates that correction consistently reduces misperceptions, increasing the importance of understanding how often people see such corrections. To answer this, researchers often rely on self-reported measures through surveys. However, there is little consistency in these measures across studies, hindering comparability and theory development. To investigate whether different measures of self-reported correction experiences affect their estimated frequency, this study uses a preregistered online survey experiment to examine two key factors: the question wording ("corrected" vs. "told they shared misinformation") and the response options (binary vs. four vs. five-point frequency scales). Findings reveal that frequency scales produce consistently higher estimates of three correction experiences (witnessing, performing, and being corrected) compared to binary measures, although classifying those who rarely experience correction alongside those who never do reduces these differences. Moreover, using the term "correction" leads to higher self-reported instances of performing corrections than the "told misinformation" phrasing, but does not impact estimates of witnessing or being corrected. These results offer researchers clear takeaways for comparing measures across multiple datasets and reinforce the importance of moving toward consistent measures in the future to ensure we can better understand how often people experience corrections.
Breast mastitis is a common condition that can be found during clinical practice, challenging the clinician, who must reach the correct diagnosis among the many differentials, to properly treat the underlying pathology. In this review, we aim to provide clinicians and radiologists with an overview of the various forms of mastitis, focusing on clinical presentation, etiological subtypes, imaging appearances across modalities (e.g., ultrasound, mammography/tomosynthesis, contrast enhanced techniques, MRI), related complications, and the typical imaging takeaways. Our goal is also to provide tools for the correct differential diagnosis between various forms of mastitis, breast cancer and other inflammatory breast pathologies. A computerized literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar was performed by authors, entering various keywords (e.g., "mastitis", "breast infections", "breast abscess", "breast cancer mimickers", "lactational mastitis", "non lactational mastitis", "mastitis imaging", "rare forms of mastitis"). Articles published between 2002 and 2025 were taken into consideration. The authors selected various eligible studies, scientific articles and extracted data to cover the whole spectrum of mastitis clinical presentation and underlying pathology. Authors divided the mastitis spectrum into "lactational" and "non-lactational" forms. Between the second group, periductal mastitis, idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, and rarer forms are taken into consideration. Our review has several limitations: it is a narrative and not systematic review and has limited generalizability of rare subtypes because of the case report driven evidence, heterogeneity of selected studies and potential selection bias. It supplies imaging from various clinical cases, which can be useful to familiarize with the pathology spectrum. In conclusion, breast mastitis is a challenge for breast radiologists and clinicians, familiarity with this condition is crucial to make a correct differential diagnosis. Further studies are needed on rarer subtypes.
It is important to understand how social communication interventions for autistic people align with neurodiversity-affirming approaches, including strength-based and family-centered care principles. In this scoping review, we explored how the strengths and perspectives of autistic children and their families are included in speech-language pathology social communication interventions. We searched OVID Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, used supplementary search methods, and conducted a gray literature search. Data were extracted using the Population, Concept, and Context framework for scoping reviews. 26 articles were included in our analysis. Most studies described only deficits associated with autism. Most studies explicitly reported parents' perspectives on intervention goals, activities, or outcome measures; children's perspectives were rarely included. Most speech-language pathology documents from the gray literature recommended strength-based, and family-centered service delivery. Strength-based and family-centered values have been recommended in speech-language pathology practice for decades yet were not consistently reflected in social communication interventions for autistic children. Our discussion offers several suggestions for taking a strength-based approach to speech-language pathology practice and advancing child and family involvement toward shared decision-making. Our ideas may prompt speech-language pathology researchers and clinicians to reflect on their own approaches to autism and social communication interventions.Lay Abstract/Plain Language SummaryWhy was this study done?Autistic children and youth often participate in social communication interventions. These interventions can be delivered by healthcare professionals including speech-language pathologists. It is important to find out if these interventions talk about autistic people's strengths and if they include autistic people's and their families' perspectives. These principles are important to make sure that interventions are neurodiversity-affirming. To answer this question, we searched for academic articles that talked about speech-language pathology social communication interventions for autistic children and youth. We used a research methodology called a scoping review. We wanted to find out whether and how these speech-language pathology interventions included the strengths and perspectives of autistic children and their families.What did the researchers find?We included 26 articles and analyzed them. We found that most studies described only the deficits associated with autism. Most studies included the perspectives of parents in their interventions, but children's perspectives were rarely reported. We also looked at speech-language pathology documents related to autism and found that most of these documents recommended strength-based and family-centered services.What are important takeaways?Most existing social communication interventions in the field of speech-language pathology focused on autistic people's deficits and used person-first language (e.g., person with autism) which describes autism as a diagnosis to have rather than an aspect of someone's identity. Our discussion about our paper suggests how researchers and clinicians can incorporate autistic people's strengths and be neurodiversity-affirming in their interventions. We also discuss ways to involve autistic children and their families in intervention decision-making, including as co-researchers. We hope that this paper will encourage speech-language pathology researchers and clinicians to think about how they view autism, and if their interventions are neurodiversity-affirming.
Posthumous gamete retrieval has emerged as a complex issue at the intersection of reproductive technology, bioethics, consent, and law. While posthumous sperm retrieval has received small amounts of legal, ethical, and clinical attention, posthumous oocyte retrieval, particularly in minors, remains largely unaddressed. This review examines the clinical, legal, and ethical considerations surrounding posthumous oocyte retrieval in minor girls. First, the paper explores the medical processes involved in posthumous gamete retrieval, drawing a significant distinction between sperm and oocyte retrieval. Second, it reviews international legal standards and U.S. jurisprudence relevant to posthumous reproduction, including both constitutional reproductive rights cases and court decisions directly addressing posthumous gamete use at the state level. Third, it analyzes existing institutional and professional guidelines governing posthumous reproduction in the United States. Across these three domains, the analysis reveals three main takeaways. First, current frameworks overwhelmingly assume adult decedents and focus primarily on sperm retrieval requested by spouses or partners, leaving a large unaddressed gap for minors and posthumous oocyte retrieval. Second, posthumous oocyte retrieval in minors presents distinct challenges related to medical burden, consent, parental authority, and the upbringing and welfare of potential offspring. Lastly, institutional, professional, and legislative guidance that prohibits posthumous oocyte retrieval in minors should be issued to provide clarity and recommendations for clinicians confronted with such requests.
Indigenous communities endure intergenerational and ongoing traumas. Trauma Center Trauma-Sensitive Yoga (TCTSY) is an empirically supported yoga-based intervention for complex trauma. To become a TCTSY facilitator, candidates complete a 20-hr training followed by a 300-hr certification program. This community-based research documented the first Indigenous TCTSY Facilitator Training Cohort's perspectives on TCTSY's acceptability, feasibility, and utility. Protocols were developed with community partners, and researchers engaged in reflexivity practices and Indigenous cultural learnings. Twenty interviews were conducted with 15 adult interviewees: 14 program participants (13 women) who completed the 20-hr training and one program mentor. From the 14 program participants (11 Great Plains Tribal Nations, with four Tribal citizens and seven descendants), 10 enrolled in the 300-hr training, and three completed the full certification. Interviews were analyzed using the consensual qualitative research method. Most participants reported the training positively impacted their approach to trauma care and some aspects (e.g., body-based modality) aligned with current healing approaches. Common training takeaways included learning about the effects of trauma and the value of invitational language. Participants endorsed intentions to integrate TCTSY for personal and community healing; examples of integration included smudging/burning of medicines (e.g., sage), land-based practice for connection to nature, and intentional movement within ceremony space. Program improvements included additional emphasis on yoga history/philosophy, collaborations with elders, and acknowledgment of current community trauma. A community-based research framework provided opportunities to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of TCTSY for Indigenous communities in a culturally relevant and trauma-informed way. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases. These patients often suffer from pain with multiple etiologies. Our patient suffers from distressing neuropathic back pain, which was only marginally alleviated with high-dose conventional antineuropathic agents while suffering from the side effects. A course of scrambler therapy was prescribed, and sustained relief of neuropathic back pain was achieved for at least eight weeks after completion of scrambler therapy. This is the first case of neuropathic pain in SCA to be treated with scrambler therapy, to the best of our knowledge. Compared with usual daily scrambler therapy sessions, our patient received twice-daily sessions. The main takeaways from our case are that 1) scrambler therapy is a potential treatment for neuropathic pain in SCA patients; 2) it can treat neuropathic pain refractory to conventional antineuropathic agents with the added benefit of reducing the requirement as well as side effects associated with conventional antineuropathic agents; and 3) twice-daily sessions are a potential alternative to standard daily sessions with positive logistical implications.
What is this summary about? In the SAVANNAH study, patients with a type of lung cancer called advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which had grown or spread (known as ‘progressed’) on previous osimertinib treatment, were treated with savolitinib plus osimertinib.Patients had NSCLC tumors with: An epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation.Increased levels of the MET protein (overexpression) or extra copies of the MET gene (amplification).What are the key takeaways? Of the 80 patients in the group of patients in which treatment effectiveness was assessed (known as the ‘primary efficacy population’), just over half (56%) had tumors that shrunk (known as a ‘tumor response’).In half of all patients who had a tumor response, the response continued for 7.1 months after the response started (known as ‘median duration of response’).The time at which half of the patients were alive, without their cancer having grown or spread (known as ‘median progression‐free survival’) was 7.4 months.What were the main conclusions reported by the researchers? Treatment with savolitinib plus osimertinib was associated with a high likelihood of tumor response in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC and high levels of MET overexpression and/or amplification after previous osimertinib treatment.Side effects were considered tolerable and similar to those seen in other studies of savolitinib or osimertinib.Savolitinib plus osimertinib may provide a new targeted treatment option for these patients.Clinical trial number: NCT03778229.