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The 2023 iteration of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) estimated prevalence, incidence, and health burden for 375 diseases and injuries, including 12 mental disorders. We assess past, current, and emerging trends in the prevalence and burden of mental disorders across sexes and age groups, for 21 regions, 204 countries and territories, and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile, from 1990 to 2023. Mental disorders included in GBD 2023 were anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, dysthymia, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, conduct disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, idiopathic developmental intellectual disability, and a residual category of other mental disorders. A literature review identified epidemiological data for each disorder. These were analysed via a Bayesian meta-regression to estimate prevalence by disorder, sex, age, location, and year. Disorder-specific prevalence was multiplied by disability weights representing the severity of health loss associated with each disorder to estimate years lived with disability (YLDs). Deaths due to anorexia nervosa were assessed with a Cause of Death Ensemble modelling strategy to estimate deaths by sex, age, location, and year, and then multiplied by the standard life expectancy at age of death to estimate years of life lost (YLLs). YLDs equalled disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for all mental disorders except anorexia nervosa (the only mental disorder considered as an underlying cause of death in GBD), for which DALYs represented the sum of YLDs and YLLs. We presented prevalence, deaths, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs as counts, age-specific rates per 100 000 population, and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population. We estimated 1·17 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·06-1·31) prevalent cases of mental disorders globally in 2023, equivalent to an age-standardised prevalence rate of 14 210·7 cases (12 849·5-15 940·1) per 100 000 population. These estimates represented a 95·5% (75·0-121·2) increase in prevalent cases and 24·2% (11·4-41·4) increase in age-standardised prevalence rate between 1990 and 2023. All mental disorders showed increases in prevalent cases between 1990 and 2023, while notable increases were seen in age-standardised prevalence rates for anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, dysthymia, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, schizophrenia, and conduct disorder. There were an estimated 171 million (127-228) DALYs due to mental disorders globally across sex and age in 2023, equivalent to an age-standardised DALY rate of 2070·5 DALYs (1519·1-2750·5) per 100 000 population. Mental disorders contributed to 6·1% (4·8-7·6) of all-cause DALYs in 2023, making them the fifth leading cause of global DALYs (up from 12th in 1990). DALYs were almost entirely composed of YLDs. Mental disorders were the leading cause of YLDs in 2023 (up from second in 1990), explaining 17·3% (14·8-20·6) of all-cause global YLDs. Leading causes of mental disorder DALYs were anxiety disorders (ranked 11th among the 304 diseases and injuries at Level 4 of the GBD cause hierarchy), major depressive disorder (15th), and schizophrenia (41st). Globally in 2023, mental disorder age-standardised DALY rates were higher among females (2239·6 [1643·7-3014·1] per 100 000) than among males (1900·2 [1399·8-2510·8] per 100 000), and peaked in the 15-19 years age group (2617·3 [1850·6-3696·8] per 100 000). All locations showed increased mental disorder DALY rates in 2023 compared with 1990, ranging across countries and territories from 1302·4 (952·7-1683·7) per 100 000 in Viet Nam to 3555·8 (2661·9-4715·0) per 100 000 in the Netherlands. Across SDI quintiles, DALY rates ranged from 1853·0 (1352·1-2469·3) per 100 000 for middle SDI to 2184·1 (1606·1-2890·3) per 100 000 for high SDI. A significant health burden was imposed by mental disorders in all countries and territories in 2023, irrespective of the health resources available. In some instances, this burden has increased over time and is unevenly distributed across populations. Stronger surveillance systems, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries, are required. Additionally, we need more coordinated and inclusive policies to reduce the burden through early treatment and prevention, tailored to sex and age differences across locations. Responding to the mental health needs of our global population, especially those most vulnerable, is an obligation, not a choice. Gates Foundation, Queensland Health, and University of Queensland.
Psychiatric consultant-liaison nurses play a crucial role in ensuring prompt and effective mental health care, though the volume of empirical research on nurse-led consultant-liaison models in the private sector is limited. This study evaluated the service activity and immediate service-level outcomes of a nurse-led Psychiatric Consultant-Liaison service within an Australian metropolitan private hospital. The study aimed to explore: (1) consumer case-mix; (2) trends in consumer referrals and outcomes; and (3) the perceived usefulness and acceptability of the service among referring nurses. A prospective, observational descriptive approach was employed, comprising evaluations of service activity between 2020 and 2023 and surveys of clinical nursing staff. The service was widely utilised, with 789 consumers referred for various mental health, neurological or psychosocial concerns. Depressive symptoms, anxiety, substance and self-harm risks were common and nurses reported positive perceptions of the service, particularly in the provision of enhanced support for behaviours of concern. Periods of state-wide COVID-19 restrictions were associated with increased presentations involving depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder and increased referrals to external providers. While the service facilitated effective management of complex mental health cases, general nursing staff reported continuing gaps in their mental health competencies. This study demonstrated that a nurse-led PCLN service was a highly utilised and valued model of care within the private acute hospital setting, supporting the assessment and management of complex mental health presentations. These findings highlight the expanded scope and relevance of the PCLN role in private healthcare and underscore the importance of ongoing mental health capability development among general nursing staff to maximise the effectiveness of liaison services.
BACKGROUND: Brain drain has emerged as a major global challenge threatening the sustainability of healthcare systems and has profound implications for workforce stability, professional motivation, and the continuity of healthcare services. In Türkiye, increasing migration intentions among healthcare professionals raise concerns not only at the individual level but also for community health and equitable access to care. This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals’ perspectives on brain drain and their intentions to migrate. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted with healthcare professionals working in different provinces of Türkiye between January 11 and 26, 2025. An interpretative phenomenological approach was adopted, and data were collected through five online focus group interviews. RESULTS: Data analysis yielded five interrelated themes: Basic dynamics of migration tendency; professional, academic, and psychosocial reflections of migration; factors stopping migration; strategies to prevent migration; and metaphorical reflections of migration. Participants described migration as a multidimensional process shaped by systemic, occupational, and psychosocial factors, as well as by emotional attachments and ethical considerations related to remaining in the country. CONCLUSION: A substantial proportion of physicians, nurses, midwives, and dentists expressed an intention to migrate abroad. Migration intentions were primarily associated with low salaries, economic hardship, injustices within the health system, mobbing, violence in healthcare settings, professional devaluation, psychological exhaustion, concerns about their own and their children’s futures, and diminished quality of life. Although many healthcare professionals identified reasons to remain in Türkiye, migration was perceived to have significant individual, systemic, and community-level consequences, with potential implications for the sustainability and equity of healthcare services.
Prostate cancer (CaP) disproportionately affects Black men in the United States, leading to significant disparities in incidence, survival, and quality of life (QoL). Treatment-related side effects, including urinary dysfunction, pain, fatigue, and psychological distress, contribute to poor long-term outcomes. There is an urgent need for culturally-tailored, technology-based interventions to support symptom self-management and survivorship care. This study aims to develop, refine, and evaluate the Survivorship App for Ethnically Diverse Black Prostate Cancer Survivors (SAFE-CaPS), a tailored mobile health intervention designed to enhance QoL, improve symptom self-management, and provide psychosocial support. This 12-month stratified randomized clinical trial will enroll 248 Black survivors with CaP (including native born, African-born, and Caribbean-born men) into the SAFE-CaPS intervention arm and standard care (SC) control group (1:1 allocation). Eligible participants are self-identified Black men (including native born, African-born, and Caribbean-born) aged 40 to 80 years with a confirmed CaP diagnosis within the past 5 years who own or are willing to use a smartphone. SC will consist solely of routine oncology or primary care follow-up, including clinic visits, referrals, and supportive services as needed, with no digital components. The SAFE-CaPS intervention, developed using the Insight platform, includes daily and weekly ecological momentary assessments of pain, urinary and bowel symptoms, sleep, fatigue, sexual function, mood, physical activity, and diet; adaptive educational modules addressing treatment-related side effects and culturally grounded survivorship concerns; automated symptom alerts prompting nurse follow-up and provider notification; and engagement features such as reminders, goal-setting, and literacy-appropriate content. Intervention content incorporates culturally tailored messaging, patient narratives, and feedback from prior qualitative work with ethnically diverse Black CaP. Stratified randomization will ensure balanced representation of ethnic subgroups. Primary outcomes include overall QoL. Secondary outcomes include specific symptom domains, mental health (depression and anxiety), health care engagement, and app acceptability. Assessments will occur at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and linear mixed models with intent-to-treat principles will evaluate intervention effects over time. The study was funded in 2024, institutional review board approval was received in mid-2024, and the study began recruitment on August 24, 2025. Overall, 6 participants have been enrolled, with 2 in the SAFE-CaPS intervention and 4 in SC. Recruitment is expected to conclude in July 2027. Data analysis will occur in late 2027, with article preparation and publication planned for mid-2028 and early 2029. We hypothesize that SAFE CaPS participants will experience greater improvements in QoL, reduced symptom burden, and higher engagement in care compared to SC. This study will provide critical evidence on the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a culturally tailored mobile health intervention designed to enhance survivorship outcomes among Black survivors with CaP, informing future large-scale trials and real-world implementation. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06651359; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06651359. PRR1-10.2196/81503.
Homelessness is rising in Ireland, and people experiencing homelessness face disproportionately poor mental health outcomes due to intersecting structural and psychosocial factors. Access to mental healthcare remains limited, leaving generalist services to manage increasing need, particularly during crises. To explore healthcare professionals' experiences of managing mental health crisis episodes among people experiencing homelessness. A descriptive qualitative study informed by critical realism. We used semi-structured interviews with 14 healthcare professionals, including GPs, nurses, a psychotherapist, a hospital consultant, and service leaders. Reflexive Thematic Analysis was used to identify key patterns. Five themes were identified: (1) barriers to accessing mental health services; (2) the role of trust and therapeutic relationships; (3) trauma-informed and holistic approaches to care; (4) the need for stability in housing, healthcare, and substance use; and (5) systemic and policy failures. Generalist professionals are increasingly required to provide complex mental health support in a fragmented system that often excludes the most vulnerable. Findings reflect professional perspectives from a small sample and are not generalisable. Trauma-informed, flexible, and integrated services are essential to support equitable care. Develop inclusive, housing-linked mental health services that embrace harm reduction and reject rigid eligibility criteria.
Family carers (caregivers) of cancer patients often have poor mental health, which may adversely affect patient wellbeing and health service use. We examined the evidence for this using a systematic review and meta-analyses. We systematically searched online databases for studies reporting associations between carer psychological health and either: (a) psychological health of patients with cancer they cared for; or (b) health service use in carers or patients. Studies' risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. We undertook meta-analyses to estimate pooled correlations for the most commonly reported associations between carer and patient psychological health. For associations between carer psychological health and carer and/or patient health service use, we conducted a narrative synthesis. Our search identified 11,911 records, 169 of which were eligible. The majority of studies were of high-to-moderate quality. Carers who were distressed, depressed, anxious, or had poor scores in the mental component of quality of life were significantly more likely to be caring for patients with these same outcomes (pooled effect sizes ranged from 0.28 to 0.42; all p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by gender, disease stage, and study quality revealed no substantial differences. Carers with poor psychological health used general practice, mental healthcare, and hospital services more frequently than those who were psychologically healthy, and the patients they cared for used more medications and had more frequent emergency presentations. The inclusion of carers alongside patients in early psychosocial care may improve family outcomes and reduce health service use.
To explore key factors influencing mental health help-seeking behavior (MHHSB) among Korean adults, using data from the 2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A correlational study was conducted with 5,340 adults aged ≥19 years using data from the 2023 KNHANES. Data were analyzed using complex sample procedures, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t tests, and logistic regression. Only 4.6% of participants reported MHHSB. Significant predictors included sex, age, marital status, health literacy, activity limitations, depressive mood, perceived stress, suicide risk, and anxiety level. Overall, these variables explained 31% of the variance in MHHSB. Sociodemographic characteristics, health literacy, physical limitations, and mental health conditions influence MHHSB among community-dwelling adults in Korea, with women, younger adults, and unmarried individuals showing lower service use despite high perceived need. Findings highlight the critical role of psychiatric-mental health nurses in implementing targeted interventions, enhancing health literacy, and leveraging family and community resources to improve timely access and mental health outcomes.
Research using the multidimensional sleep health (MDSH) framework has increased globally, often relying on self-report measures. The Ru-SATED scale and Sleep Health Index (SHI) are common self-report measures of MDSH, but comparative data on their measurement properties and contextual characteristics remain limited. Seven electronic databases were searched for measurement properties and uses of the two scales over the past twelve years. This review identified 19 psychometric validation studies concerning two original and 17 cross-cultural, and summarized contextual comparison of MDSH measures and frameworks. Measurement properties of both measures were assessed with the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guideline, and contextual comparisons were conducted narratively. Both measures exhibited acceptable psychometric properties across diverse cultural settings, with the SHI findings showing greater consistency than those of the Ru-SATED scale. Aggregating the Ru-SATED and SHI frameworks fully covered the sleep characteristics assessed by five instruments grounded in the World Sleep Society initiative, encompassing regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, duration, and disorder. Notably, the SHI framework incorporates targeted sleep disorder assessment while the Ru-SATED framework specifically excludes such assessment, highlighting the distinct focus and scope of each tool. Instrument selection depends primarily on research purpose, study sample, and intended use. We recommend characterizing both sleep health and sleep disorders to fully capture the complex relationships between sleep and health outcomes.
Pharmaceutical Care (PC) has emerged as a vital component of the healthcare system, involving the provision of medication therapy to achieve specific outcomes that enhance a patient's quality of life. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate PharmD interns' self-reported attitudes, perceptions of the skills required to provide PC using multiple domains (technical, psychosocial, communication, and administrative aspects) and perceived barriers to implementing PC, and recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and December 2023, utilizing pretested questionnaires with PharmD interns at Saudi universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included sociodemographic information, attitudes (13 items), perceptions (24 items), importance (19 items), barriers (17 items) toward PC, and recommendations (4 items). To find out the association between variables chi-square, Analysis of Variance, and Spearman correlation were used to examine differences in perceptions and correlations between attitude and perception scores, with a P value < .05 considered statistically significant. A total of 216 PharmD interns participated, with 59.7% being male, 94.9% Saudi nationals, and a mean age of 24.08 ± 0.98 years. The majority (72.7%) were 24 years old. Participants were from public (57.9%) and private (42.1%) universities in Riyadh. The mean attitude score towards PC was 51.25 ± 9.38, and the mean perception score was 106.67 ± 16.01. Attitude scores were significantly associated with gender and university type (P < .001), while perception scores showed significant associations with gender, age, and university type (P < .01). The results of the Spearman correlation analysis indicated a moderate, statistically significant positive correlation between mean attitude and mean perception scores (R = 0.345, P < .01). Most interns agreed that pharmacists should prevent and solve medication-related problems (86.6%) and provide PC (85.7%). However, 43.5% believed that PC is not worth the additional workload. The most frequently reported barriers were lack of financial compensation (65.8%), inadequate staffing (62.5%), limited private counseling areas (60.7%). Most of the PharmD interns have a positive attitude towards PC but face structural and educational barriers to PC implementation. Future research should focus on overcoming these barriers and promoting Interprofessional healthcare courses to enhance patient outcomes.
Explanatory frameworks for mental disorders influence stigmatisation and clinical attitudes. Mechanistic biological explanations often yield negative effects on prognostic optimism and empathy. Evolutionary framings might reduce stigma, but this has rarely been tested empirically. To experimentally test whether a brief educational intervention presenting an evolutionary explanation of anxiety, compared with a genetic explanation, would influence clinicians' attitudes in directions consistent with anti-stigma goals. In this pre-registered, multi-site, cluster-randomised trial, 171 practising mental health clinicians across the UK and Ireland were randomised by session to receive a 30 min educational presentation on either evolutionary or genetic explanations for anxiety. Pre- and post-session questionnaires assessed clinicians' optimism regarding patient recovery, perceived efficacy of psychosocial interventions, expected patient willingness to share diagnosis and seek help and perceived usefulness of the information. Data were analysed using Bayesian cumulative ordinal regression models. In line with pre-registered hypotheses, clinicians rated evolutionary explanations as substantially more useful for patients (odds ratio 5.05, 95% credible interval [2.46, 10.28], latent standard deviation shift 1.07) and for clinicians (odds ratio 3.10, 95% credible interval [1.62, 5.81], latent standard deviation shift 0.76) compared with genetic explanations. Evolutionary explanations also resulted in higher anticipated public willingness to seek psychiatric help (odds ratio 1.79, 95% credible interval [0.93, 3.35]) and share a diagnosis (odds ratio 1.62, 95% credible interval [0.88, 2.97]); optimism about patient recovery (odds ratio 1.58, 95% credible interval [0.71, 3.46]); perceived effectiveness of psychosocial interventions (odds ratio 1.62, 95% credible interval [0.84, 3.10]); and belief in the functional usefulness of negative emotions (β = 0.25 s.d., 95% credible interval [0.01, 0.49]). These effects were driven by both positive pre-post effects of evolutionary education and negative pre-post effects of genetic education compared with pre-education baseline. Exploratory analysis showed further anti-stigma effects. Framing anxiety through an evolutionary lens substantially improved clinicians' attitudes on various measures of stigmatisation compared with genetic explanations, and was rated as highly useful for both clinicians and patients.
To examine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of publications on alcohol and substance use disorders in the field of nursing as well as the roles of nurses in this context from a bibliometric perspective. The Web of Science database was used for this study. Bibliometric analysis was used to determine the scope of knowledge in a specific field and to measure productivity. Data were collected by searching with the keyword combination "alcohol" OR "substance" OR "drugs" OR "narcotics" OR "cocaine" AND "addiction," covering studies published up to June 20, 2025, the date of the study, without any time limitation. The data search identified 721 alcohol and substance addiction research and review articles conducted in the field of nursing between 1989 and 2025, and the process was completed using 643 studies in accordance with the exclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that 2,083 authors contributed to the publications, including 596 research articles and 47 reviews/systematic reviews, and each publication received an average of 8.7 citations. Findings highlight the critical need for ongoing research, policy development, and practical interventions to ensure the safety and well-being of nurses and individuals with addiction in mental health settings, and progress has been made in understanding and addressing the roles of nurses regarding alcohol and substance dependence.
To explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and fear of falling (FoF) to identify shared risk factors and inform integrated prevention strategies. A cross-sectional correlational design was conducted in three phases to examine relationships between depressive symptoms and FoF in 354 community-dwelling older adults. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, FoF with the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and individual differences in behavioral inhibition and action with the Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Activation System. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with falls and FoF beyond other factors. The regression model showed that FoF independently predicted depressive symptoms, indicating a direct role in depression. Other factors (age, living alone) may operate through shared pathways. Findings support existing research, suggesting that psychological factors, such as FoF, play a key role in the mental health of older adults.
To compare the levels of negative automatic thoughts (NATs) and self-efficacy among individuals with different mental disorders and examine the relationship between NATs and self-efficacy levels across the sample. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 187 individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, anxiety, and substance use disorder (SUD) who attended a psychiatry outpatient clinic. Data were collected using the Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (NATQ) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE). Mean GSE total score of individuals with SUD and schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders was lower and mean NATQ total score was higher than other groups (p < .001). A significant negative correlation was found between mean GSE total score and mean NATQ total score (r = -0.983; p < .001). Mean NATQ total score explained 96.7% of the score obtained from the GSE (R2 = 0.967; p < .001). Individuals with mental disorders had high levels of NATs and low levels of self-efficacy. Given the higher levels of NATs and lower self-efficacy observed among individuals with SUD and schizophrenia, these groups may benefit from additional support and interventions targeting cognitive distortions and self-efficacy.
The current study examined the profound effect of psychological trauma on gut microbiota and identified dietary strategies to mitigate its adverse effects on gut health. A narrative review was performed. Trauma disrupts the composition and function of gut microbiota, often resulting in increased gut permeability, which triggers inflammation and impairs mental health. The gut-brain axis is a critical pathway affected by trauma. Stress-induced dysbiosis exacerbates psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Nutritional interventions, including prebiotics, probiotics, and anti-inflammatory diets, show promise in restoring microbial balance and supporting the gut-brain axis in individuals affected by trauma. This review underscores the potential of an integrated approach combining psychology and nutrition to enhance health outcomes. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to further unravel the complex dynamics among trauma, gut health, and mental well-being. Psychiatric-mental health nurses can embed gut-informed education into trauma-informed care; collaborate with dietitians; use brief tools to assess sleep, stress, and gastrointestinal symptoms; provide culturally sensitive, cost-effective guidance; and coordinate interdisciplinary follow up to sustain behavior change.
to understand nurses' perception from the Federal District Health Department and Multidisciplinary Program in Child and Adolescent Mental Health residents regarding practices at the Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center, identifying challenges and gaps in their training. semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis, which consists of three phases: pre-analysis, content exploration, and elaboration of results. 55.5% participants have worked at the Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center for four years or more, and 44.4% chose the mental health area. Analysis revealed three thematic axes: "Mental health in the academic context"; "Continuing education in mental health"; "Nursing role deconstruction or construction". it was found that academic training is still insufficient to prepare nurses to work in the biopsychosocial model and expanded clinical practice, generating a feeling of unpreparedness and insecurity. In this scenario, continuing education emerges as an alternative to strengthen professional practice.
The current scoping review examined resilience-promoting interventions for adolescents and young adults, with a focus on those designed or delivered by nurses. A systematic search across multiple databases identified 3,092 records, with 14 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Interventions, implemented in various settings, such as schools and health care facilities, included strength-based training, mindfulness, psychoeducation, and cognitive-behavioral approaches, typically lasting 4 to 10 weeks. Outcomes assessed included resilience, emotional regulation, depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. Results indicated that these interventions consistently improved coping skills, enhanced resilience, and reduced psychological distress. Notably, nurse-led programs demonstrated feasibility and effectiveness in delivering these interventions. Findings suggest that resilience-building strategies are crucial for adolescent mental health, underscoring the vital role of nurses in their implementation. Future research should focus on scalable, nurse-led models and their implications for psychiatric-mental health nursing practice, education, and policy.
To explore the experiences of individuals with mental disorders participating in a nurse-led group yoga practice in an acute psychiatric inpatient setting. A descriptive qualitative design was used. The study sample comprised patients with mental disorders hospitalized in a psychiatric unit of a university hospital in Türkiye; 26 patients participated in the yoga program, and interviews were conducted with 14 participants who attended at least eight sessions over 4 weeks. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by a analytic framework. Four main themes emerged: Emotional and Mental Well-Being, Reflecting Relaxation, Emotional Regulation, and Enhanced Self-Awareness; Physical Effects and Body Awareness (including increased bodily awareness and breath control); The Power of Shared Experience (highlighting motivation and social connectedness fostered through group practice); and Challenges and Recommendations (addressing physical strain, environmental limitations, and suggestions for structured and supportive implementation). Nurse-led group yoga appears to be a holistic and supportive intervention for psychiatric inpatients, improving psychological well-being, physical awareness, and social connectedness. Integrating structured, nurse-led yoga sessions into psychiatric wards can promote recovery-oriented, holistic care.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a practitioner-led empowerment program on self-sufficiency motivation, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among low-income service recipients at self-sufficiency centers. A quasi-experimental repeated-measures design was used. Participants were recipients of social services from 11 local self-sufficiency centers in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. In total, 100 participants were recruited, with 51 assigned to the experimental group and 49 assigned to the control group. The experimental group received an eight-session program delivered by center practitioners who had been trained by mental health nurses, whereas the control group received usual services. Self-sufficiency motivation, self-esteem, and self-efficacy were assessed at three time points: baseline (pretest: T0), immediately after the intervention (post-test: T1), and 4 weeks after the intervention (follow-up: T2). Using generalized estimating equations, participants in the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than those in the control group at both T1 and T2 in self-sufficiency motivation (T1: B=1.61, p=.030; T2: B=2.88, p<.001), self-esteem (T1: B=2.77, p<.001; T2: B=2.78, p<.001), and self-efficacy (T1: B=3.95, p=.004; T2: B=4.19, p<.001). The practitioner-led program is associated with significant short-term improvements in psychosocial determinants of self-sufficiency among low-income service recipients. These findings may inform the development of community nursing interventions that support the psychosocial foundations of independent living in this population and provide a basis for training programs designed to strengthen the capacity of practitioners at local self-sufficiency centers (Clinical Research Information Service of Korea registration number: KCT0010027; registration date: December 12, 2024).
The intersection of adolescent mental health and e-cigarette (vape) use presents a growing clinical challenge, significantly accelerated by the pervasive influence of the social media environment. On digital platforms, influencers systematically normalize vaping and mask the dangers of nicotine, exploiting youth who frequently turn to e-cigarettes as a maladaptive coping mechanism for underlying depression and anxiety, a behavior that not only traps them in a cycle of severe nicotine addiction but is also consistently linked to escalating rates of suicidality, impulsivity, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Although large-scale digital prevention campaigns have demonstrated some efficacy, the current landscape remains structurally insufficient to combat an addiction so deeply rooted in psychological distress. To reverse this digitally driven crisis, psychiatric nurses, researchers, and mental health professionals must take a leading role by repurposing the digital platforms that fuel this epidemic into powerful tools for public health defense, moving beyond generic warnings to actively deploy targeted, evidence-based digital prevention interventions.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors, frequently accompanied by comorbid psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Symptom overlap complicates diagnosis, whereas the absence of tailored clinical guidelines contributes to variable practices and the risk of over- and undertreatment. The current article examines the efficacy and safety of guanfacine extended-release (GXR) for the treatment of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and associated behavioral symptoms in children with ASD and comorbid psychiatric conditions. Current evidence supports GXR as an effective nonstimulant option with a tolerable safety profile, particularly for children with co-occurring anxiety or sleep disturbance or those who are poor candidates for stimulant therapy. Careful titration and ongoing monitoring remain essential given this population's heightened sensitivity to adverse effects. For psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioners, these findings underscore the importance of individualized, family-centered care; ASD-specific assessment; and interdisciplinary collaboration. Ethical prescribing, ongoing clinical monitoring, and meaningful caregiver engagement are essential to optimizing outcomes and enhancing quality of life for children with ASD and comorbid psychiatric conditions.