搜索结果：International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE

Objectives. This research aims to provide information on factors that may affect the accident susceptibility of workers by using various individual characteristics of workers as variables with machine learning algorithms, and the effects of occupational health and safety (OHS) training and workers' safety awareness within this interaction. Methods. Research data were obtained through surveys administered to port workers (dockers). The data were modeled using binary logistic regression (BLR) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms, and the results were examined comparatively. Results. Worker's profession, education level, age, safety awareness and work experience, and the number of OHS professionals are some individual characteristics and managerial factors that significantly influence whether an accident occurs or not. Employees' OHS examination scores do not have a significant impact on the likelihood of an accident for the worker. As workers believe their safety awareness is increasing, the likelihood of accidents also rises. Conclusion. Workers may have a misleading experience regarding training activities in ports and the managers' approach. They may have an unrealistic sense of self-confidence. Many accidents occurring in ports are preventable. While BLR provides a greater number of more easily interpretable outputs related to accident causality, SVM offers fewer but more reliable outputs.

Objectives. Recent research on the influence of temporal factors on the safety behavior of new-generation construction workers remains limited. To investigate the impact mechanism of temporal leadership on the safety behavior of new-generation construction workers and effectively reduce the incidence of safety accidents, this study was conducted with a sample of more than 400 new-generation construction workers. Methods. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to empirically test the chain mechanism linking temporal leadership to the safety behavior of new-generation of construction workers, as well as the moderating effect of perceived work meaning. Results. This study found that temporal leadership exerts a direct and positive impact on the safety behavior of new-generation construction workers; that job stress and work-family balance play a mediating role in this relationship; and that perceived work meaning moderates the negative relationship between temporal leadership and job stress. Specifically, the stress-buffering effect of temporal leadership is more pronounced when workers perceive lower levels of work meaning. Conclusion. These findings provide theoretical and practical significance for understanding how temporal leadership influences the safety behavior of new-generation construction workers.

Objectives. Industry 4.0 technologies have the potential to significantly enhance occupational health and safety (OHS) by enabling smarter, data-driven production and service systems. Despite this potential, the integration of Industry 4.0 into occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMSs) remains limited in emerging economies such as Türkiye, largely due to structural, regulatory and organizational barriers. Quantitative evidence explaining these barriers and their interrelationships is still insufficient in the existing literature. This study seeks to determine whether driving or restraining forces dominate the adoption process and to examine the cause-effect relationships among key restraining factors.Methods. Fuzzy TOPSIS-based force field analysis was employed to evaluate the relative dominance of driving and restraining forces influencing Industry 4.0 adoption in OHS. Subsequently, fuzzy DEMATEL analysis was applied to reveal causal relationships among restraining forces. The results were validated using the nominal group technique and the fuzzy Delphi method to ensure robustness and expert consensus.Results and Conclusions. Findings indicate that the primary barriers include insufficient incentives and regulations, rigid organizational structures, and policy-related challenges, while high investment costs and organizational culture also play a significant role.

Safety culture is a critical component of organizational behavior, particularly in high-risk environments such as the petrochemical industry. It also plays a significant role in shaping employee behavior, safety outcomes and overall organizational resilience. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the key dimensions and measurement tools used to assess safety culture in the petrochemical sector over the past decade. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, 29 peer-reviewed articles published in open access between 2014 and 2024 were selected from Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure methodological rigor and relevance. The most frequently reported safety culture dimensions include management commitment, safety communication, employee involvement, safety training and compliance. Measurement tools, e.g., the Nordic safety climate questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) and the health and safety management system (HSMS) frameworks, as well as various self-developed instruments, were identified across the reviewed studies. These tools should be more widely applied in future assessments to ensure standardized, evidence-based evaluations of safety culture in the petrochemical sector. This review highlights the multidimensional nature of safety culture assessment in petrochemical settings, revealing both prevalent research practices and research gaps.

Occupational health and safety risk assessment (OHSRA) is a crucial activity to identify and analyze the risk of occupational hazards for enhancing the well-being and safety of workers. This study aimed to propose a new OHSRA model by combining linguistic distribution preference relations (LDPRs) with the gained and lost dominance score (GLDS) method for evaluating and prioritizing the risk of occupational hazards. LDPRs are employed to capture experts' evaluations on the risk of occupational hazards. An improved method based on the removal effects of criteria (MEREC) is used for deriving the weights of risk criteria. The GLDS method is then modified to determine the risk priority of occupational hazards. Finally, a healthcare case is presented for demonstrating the proposed OHSRA model. The results show that the new model is practical for describing the complex linguistic risk assessments of experts and ranking the risk of occupational hazards in OHSRA.

This study investigates how occupational health and safety (OHS) culture and fatalistic beliefs influence safety performance in the Turkish machinery manufacturing industry. Data were collected from 376 employees using validated scales and analyzed with structural equation modeling. The results showed that OHS safety culture positively affected safety performance, whereas awareness, training, and risk perception did not have significant individual effects. Risk perception increased fatalistic tendencies, whereas free will beliefs positively predicted safety performance. Fatalistic beliefs were not significant predictors, suggesting that formal safety regulations and mandatory procedures in the machinery sector may limit their behavioral effects. These findings underline the joint role of organizational culture and personal belief systems in shaping workplace safety. The study contributes to safety research in a high-risk sector and offers practical implications for managers and policymakers. Strengthening safety culture and supporting free will beliefs may help reduce workplace accidents.

Objectives. The challenge of growing synthetic textile waste is a concern for sustainable development and needs addressing. Methods. This study develops protective gloves from recycled para-aramid fibres (RPA) with blends of cotton and polyester fibres (both virgin and recycled) to optimize protection and comfort. The impact of different blend ratios of fibres was studied for yarn properties along with comfort and protection of gloves through air permeability, cut, abrasion, tear and puncture resistance. Results. Higher content of RPA showed better strength; in contrast, substitution of cotton showed the opposite effect. In gloves, RPA-virgin polyester (60:40) had the best abrasion, cut, tear and puncture resistance at 500 cycles, 564 gf, 71 N and 87 N, with second-best air permeability. The sustainable alternative 60:40 RPA-recycled polyester (RP) gloves showed the best air permeability (2080 mm/s), with next-best abrasion, cut, tear and puncture resistance at 460 cycles, 555 gf, 70 N and 85 N. The worst characteristics were illustrated by a recycled cotton (RC) with RP blend. Statistical analysis by mixture regression models supported >95% of total variance for all results. Conclusion. These findings suggest parity of protection in recycled fibre and virgin fibre-derived safety gloves and manufactured sustainable protective gloves.

Objectives. Fraud and labour exploitation have been linked to work-related crime and undeclared work, and are identified as significant causes of neglected occupational safety and health standards. This scoping review aims to identify, from an employee perspective, working conditions, in different sectors that are affected by fraud and exploitation. Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in PsycINFO, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts and Social Services Abstracts. Studies were included if they focused on the exploitation of employees, were published between 2013 and 2025, and were situated within the European Union, Norway or Canada. Results. The findings, based on 38 studies across various sectors, identified various challenges regarding occupational health and safety standards. They show that exploited workers - frequently migrants - faced poor working conditions characterized by high job demands and limited resources, regardless of gender or sector. Furthermore, the study identified workers being exposed to numerous risks, including harassment, threats and occupational safety. Despite these conditions, many refrain from reporting grievances or taking legal action due to a pervasive fear of reprisals. Conclusion. This study emphasizes the need to address the impact of fraud and exploitation on working conditions to develop effective strategies for combating labour-related crime.

Objectives. Pneumoconiosis is a concerning occupational health hazard in dentistry. This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of pneumoconiosis and its association with age, gender, type of dental profession and duration of exposure among dental healthcare professionals (DHCPs). Methods. The study enrolled 138 DHCPs from an Indian tertiary care dental teaching institution who underwent structured face-to-face interviews, clinical examination, spirometry and chest radiography interpreted using International Labour Organization (ILO) classification. Potential pneumoconiosis was defined based on occupational exposure, clinico-spirometric examination and radiological findings consistent with pneumoconiosis (ILO category ≥ 1/0). The χ2 test was applied to examine association of demographic-occupational characteristics with clinical symptoms, spirometric findings, radiologic findings and pneumoconiosis occurrence. Results. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis was 3.6%, with 4.3% of subjects showing radiographic opacities. Spirometry results showed a restrictive pattern in 13.8% of participants. The frequency of potential pneumoconiosis based on clinical symptoms and radiological findings was significantly associated with age > 35 years (particularly among dental technicians) and duration of exposure > 20 years, respectively. Conclusions. Increased susceptibility of DHCPs, especially dental technicians, towards pneumoconiosis highlights the importance of adoption of stringent occupational health and safety precautions, and regular clinico-radiographic screening for timely detection of pneumoconiosis.

Construction workers' unsafe behavior is one of the main causes of site accidents. The relationship and underlying mechanism between ego depletion and unsafe behavior are still unclear. To address this gap, this study proposed a framework which hypothesizes the mediating effect of self-efficacy and the moderating effect of safety habit on the relationship between ego depletion and unsafe behavior. The hypothetical framework was examined using structural equation modeling with questionnaire data collected from 318 Chinese construction workers. The results demonstrated that ego depletion was positively related to construction workers' unsafe behavior; self-efficacy mediated the relationship between ego depletion and workers' unsafe behavior; and safety habit moderated the relationship between ego depletion and workers' unsafe behavior. This research contributes to the study of the mechanisms underlying the role of ego depletion on unsafe behavior and the development of theory and has implications for future workplace interventions.

Objectives. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major occupational health concern and may affect airport employees due to diverse physical, ergonomic and psychosocial work demands. This systematic review synthesized evidence on WMSD prevalence, associated risk factors, interventions and regulatory gaps across airport occupational groups. Methods. The review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and was prospectively registered in the Open Science Framework. Searches of Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (WoS) identified 3616 records published between 2000 and 2025; 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results. Baggage handlers were the most frequently studied group, while many airport occupations remain under-researched. The lower back, shoulders and neck were the most commonly affected body regions, with prevalence varying across occupational groups and tasks. Physical and ergonomic exposures were the most consistently reported risk factors, while psychosocial, organizational and individual factors were also associated with WMSDs. Reported interventions were limited and focused mainly on ergonomic adjustments, training and organizational strategies, with little evidence of effectiveness. Conclusions. WMSDs are a significant occupational health concern in airport environments, highlighting the need for stronger preventive strategies and more tailored regulatory and policy frameworks.

Objectives. Operative dentistry puts practitioners at risk for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) because it involves repetitive tasks and static postures. Although ergonomic principles can reduce these risks, little research has been done on the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of dental professionals with regard to ergonomics. Methods. Two hundred dentists with at least 2 years of clinical experience in India participated in a questionnaire-based survey. Demographic information, ergonomic KAP and self-evaluation using rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were gathered in the survey. Regression analysis, analysis of variance and descriptive statistics were used to examine the data. Results. There was a high level of ergonomic awareness: 92.1% of respondents knew how to position chairs and 83.3% understood the significance of lighting. Ergonomics were valued by 83.8% of respondents and training was supported by 79.7%. However, inconsistent practices were observed, especially regarding wrist (p = 0.041) and neck (p = 0.032) posture. Lack of training and poor infrastructure were key barriers. Although ergonomic confidence increased with experience, correlations with knowledge and practice were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Ergonomic practice is still insufficient despite a wealth of knowledge and optimistic attitudes. To lower MSDs and increase practitioner longevity, structured ergonomic training and better workplace design are crucial.

The objective of this study was to assess ChatGPT's responses to common office ergonomics and spine health questions. ChatGPT was asked the 50 most frequent questions about 'office ergonomics and spine health' and evaluated by 10 experts on a scale of 1-4 points. The consistency between the experts' ratings was calculated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The Flesch-Kincaid reading level was used to evaluate the readability of answers. The results indicated that ChatGPT demonstrated the capacity to provide generally satisfactory information concerning ergonomics and spinal health in office workers, with good inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.838) as well as a readability level equivalent to a middle school level. This study indicated that although the responses were considered adequate, that they cannot replace experts' clinical judgment, particularly in the personalization of exercise prescriptions and the provision of individualized and comprehensive approaches.

Objectives. Gas station workers in low and middle-income countries face multiple occupational health and safety (OHS) hazards, yet the effectiveness of structured safety interventions remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured OHS educational program on knowledge, attitudes and practices among gas station workers. Methods. A pre-post design was conducted with 120 workers. Validated tools were used to assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) before and 4 weeks after a three-session training program. Results. Significant improvements were observed in all KAP domains (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). Mean knowledge scores increased from 15.4&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;4.2 to 31.8&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;3.6, attitude scores from 8.2&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;2.1 to 13.5&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;1.4 and practice scores from 4.1&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;1.8 to 8.6&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;1.2. Post intervention, 79.2% of workers demonstrated good knowledge, 81.7% showed positive attitudes and 78.3% exhibited satisfactory practices. Post-intervention attitude was strongly correlated with practice (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.615, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01). Education level and pre-intervention knowledge were significant predictors of post-intervention practice scores (R2&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.45, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). Conclusion. The structured OHS educational program significantly enhanced workers' knowledge, attitudes and practices. Tailored training strategies targeting workers with lower educational levels are recommended.

Objectives. Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential for worker safety, but many employees fail to use it correctly due to limited knowledge, negative attitudes and low perceived control. This study assessed the effectiveness of a health belief model (HBM)-based educational intervention on PPE use among factory workers in Yasuj. Methods. This quasi-experimental study (2022-2023) randomly assigned 109 workers were to experimental (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;56) and control (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;53) groups. The intervention included six 60-min in-person sessions delivered by a researcher and an occupational health expert. Data were collected via an HBM-based questionnaire before and 2 months after the intervention. Statistical analyses included paired t tests, independent t tests and &#x3c7;2 tests using SPSS version 27. Results. Pre-intervention assessments showed no significant differences between groups (p&#x2009;>&#x2009;0.05). Post intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in all HBM constructs - knowledge, attitudes, perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived benefits and barriers, self-efficacy, guidance for action - as well as PPE-related behavior (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.001). Conclusion. HBM-based educational interventions effectively enhance PPE usage by improving knowledge, shaping positive attitudes and addressing perceived barriers and benefits. These findings support structured educational programs as a key strategy for promoting workplace health and safety.

Safety instrumented systems (SISs) play a crucial role in preventing major accidents in the petrochemical industry. This study investigates the impact of new technologies and artificial intelligence on SIS maintenance in the petrochemical industry, with particular attention to the mediating roles of safety, supervision and organizational support. Data were collected from 84 professionals involved in SIS maintenance in the Iranian petrochemical industry. A structured questionnaire was developed based on prior literature and expert validation, and the proposed research model was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). New technologies and artificial intelligence have a significant positive effect on SIS maintenance. Moreover, safety and supervision/support were found to play significant mediating roles. New technologies and artificial intelligence investments alone are insufficient; organizations must simultaneously reinforce safety management, supervision and support to fully realize the maintenance benefits of emerging technologies in high-risk industrial environments.

This article aimed to assess occupational exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) at various sites of electrical infrastructure in Jordan, including high-voltage (HV) substations, a thermal power plant and a photovoltaic station. Field measurements were taken under steady-state operating conditions and compared with occupational exposure guidelines recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard. The magnetic flux densities at the three sites were all below these guidelines. The electric field strengths at some HV substations occasionally exceeded the ICNIRP occupational reference levels but remained below the IEEE guideline levels. The results provide insight into EMF hotspots, the most hazardous sites and effective ways to avoid EMF exposure in power system environments. These measures include implementing engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment to reduce workers' exposure to EMFs, thereby improving workplace safety and EMF risk management policies.

Objectives. Controlled fall rescue devices (CFRDs) are increasingly used as personal evacuation tools for emergency escape from high-rise buildings, industrial structures and fire-prone environments. Despite their growing adoption, the safety performance of these devices depends heavily on reliable mechanical operation, ergonomic suitability and well-defined risk mitigation measures. Methods. This study systematically evaluated the potential hazards associated with a centrifugal brake-based controlled descent device and proposes a comprehensive risk mitigation framework to enhance operational safety. Hazard identification and risk analysis were conducted using structured engineering approaches, including design failure mode and effects analysis (DFMEA), ergonomics assessment and material suitability review. Results. Critical risks such as over-speed descent, thermal stress on brake components, spring malfunction, rope wear and user device interaction errors were identified and addressed using specific engineering controls and preventive strategies. Conclusion. This study provides detailed mitigation techniques to ensure consistent braking performance, improve mechanical integrity and enhance user safety during emergency descent. The outcomes contribute to safer deployment of CFRDs in occupational and residential environments and support improved regulatory and design guidelines for emergency-descent systems.

Objectives. Since teachers are a population especially exposed to burnout, it is relevant to explore whether this group presents different burnout profiles that depend on a combination of different levels in each of the three dimensions of burnout. Methods. A sample of 320 teachers with a mean age of 45 years (SD 8.24; 66.3% women) participated in a cross-sectional study by completing a questionnaire. Results. The cluster analysis confirmed three different profiles: compromised, ineffective and burnt-out. Although the burnt-out and compromised clusters exhibited significant differences in all the variables studied, no significant differences were found in stress, self-efficacy in coping with stress, job demands, control or emotional charge between the burnt-out and ineffective clusters, nor in the job demands between the ineffective and committed clusters. Conclusion. The results highlighted that prevention and intervention programs should be addressed not only to teaching staff with levels that indicate burnout in the three dimensions of the syndrome, corresponding to the profile burnt-out, but also to those who show an ineffective profile, since the expression of many variables of interest traditionally related to burnout showed a similar pattern to the burnt-out profile.