搜索结果：Germs

We discuss germs of distributions on $d-$dimensional smooth Riemannian manifolds and, in particular, we derive \emph{multi-level Schauder estimates} without making any further assumptions on the underlying geometry. As a preliminary step, we define the notions of coherence and homogeneity for germs of distributions on open subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d \ge 1$. Subsequently, we formulate both the reconstruction theorem, cf., [CZ20], and the Schauder estimates, cf., [BCZ24], in this setting. Leveraging the properties of the exponential map, we extend these results to Riemannian manifolds. Specifically, we devise a counterpart of the reconstruction theorem previously established in the literature [RS21], while additionally proving the regularity of the reconstructed distribution in suitable Hölder-Zygmund spaces. Finally, by introducing a novel concept of $β$-regularizing kernels on Riemannian manifolds, we establish Schauder estimates for coherent and homogeneous germs in this context.

Let X be a reduced complex-analytic germ of pure dimension n\ge2, with arbitrary singularities (not necessarily normal or complete intersection). Various homology cycles on Link_\ep[X] vanish at different speeds when \ep\to0. We give a condition ensuring fast vanishing loops on X. The condition is in terms of the discriminant and the covering data for "convenient" coverings X\to (C^n,o). No resolution of singularities is involved. For surface germs (n=2) this condition becomes necessary and sufficient. A corollary for surface germs that are strictly complete intersections detects fast loops via singularities of the projectivized tangent cone of X. Fast loops are the simplest obstructions for X to be inner metrically conical. Hence we get simple necessary conditions to the IMC property. For normal surface germs these conditions are also sufficient. We give numerous classes of non-IMC germs and IMC germs.

The article examines a set of irreducible germs $f_P:U_P\to V_p$ of %finite generic morphisms $f:S\to\mathbb P^2$ to the projective plane whose branch curve germs $B_P\subset V_p$ have singularities equisingular deformation equivalent to singularities given by equations $x^{k_1}-y^{k_2}=0$ with coprime $k_1,k_2\in\mathbb N$.

We describe germs of mappings $(\mathbb{C}^2,0) \to (\mathbb{C}^2,0)$ ramified along a germ of irreducible curve whose image is of the form $x^p=y^q$.

Meromorphic germs in several variables with linear poles naturally arise in mathematics in various disguises. We investigate their rich structures under the prism of locality, including locality subalgebras, locality transformation groups and locality characters. The key technical tool is the dependence subspace for a meromorphic germ with which we define a locality orthogonal relation between two meromorphic germs. We describe the structure of locality subalgebras generated by classes of meromorphic germs with certain types of poles. We also define and determine their group of locality transformations which fix the holomorphic germs and preserve multivariable residues, a group we call the locality Galois group. We then specialise to two classes of meromorphic germs with prescribed types of nested poles, arising from multiple zeta functions in number theory and Feynman integrals in perturbative quantum field theory respectively. We show that they are locality polynomial subalgebras with locality polynomial bases given by the locality counterpart of Lyndon words. This enables us to explicitly describe their locality Galois group. As an application, we propose a mathematical interpre

In this paper we introduce an exponential map of the algebra of germs of vector fields into the group of germs of diffeomorphisms at zero. It is shown that this mapping is not a bijection. A brief review of the key results of the analytic iteration problem is given.

We use convex polyhedral cones to study a large class of multivariate meromorphic germs, namely those with linear poles, which naturally arise in various contexts in mathematics and physics. We express such a germ as a sum of a holomorphic germ and a linear combination of special non-holomorphic germs called polar germs. In analyzing the supporting cones -- cones that reflect the pole structure of the polar germs -- we obtain a geometric criterion for the non-holomorphicity of linear combinations of polar germs. This yields the uniqueness of the above sum when required to be supported on a suitable family of cones and assigns a Laurent expansion to the germ. Laurent expansions provide various decompositions of such germs and thereby a uniformized proof of known results on decompositions of rational fractions. These Laurent expansions also yield new concepts on the space of such germs, all of which are independent of the choice of the specific Laurent expansion. These include a generalization of Jeffrey-Kirwan's residue, a filtered residue and a coproduct in the space of such germs. When applied to exponential sums on rational convex polyhedral cones, the filtered residue yields bac

In this paper we introduce new classes of gluing of complex analytic spaces germs, called weakly large, large and strongly large. We give a description of their Poincaré series and, as applications, we give numerical criteria to determine when these classes of gluing of germs of complex analytic spaces are smooth, singular, complete intersections and Gorenstein in terms of their Betti numbers. In particular, we show that the gluing of the same germ of complex analytic space along of any subspace is always a singular germ.

Sexism in online media comments is a pervasive challenge that often manifests subtly, complicating moderation efforts as interpretations of what constitutes sexism can vary among individuals. We study monolingual and multilingual open-source text embeddings to reliably detect sexism and misogyny in German-language online comments from an Austrian newspaper. We observed classifiers trained on text embeddings to mimic closely the individual judgements of human annotators. Our method showed robust performance in the GermEval 2024 GerMS-Detect Subtask 1 challenge, achieving an average macro F1 score of 0.597 (4th place, as reported on Codabench). It also accurately predicted the distribution of human annotations in GerMS-Detect Subtask 2, with an average Jensen-Shannon distance of 0.301 (2nd place). The computational efficiency of our approach suggests potential for scalable applications across various languages and linguistic contexts.

We prove a topological decomposition of the space of meromorphic germs at zero in several variables with prescribed linear poles as a sum of spaces of holomorphic and polar germs. Evaluating the resulting holomorphic projection at zero gives rise to a continuous evaluator (at zero) on the space of meromorphic germs in several variables. Our constructions are carried out in the framework of Silva spaces and use an inner product on the underlying space of variables. They generalise to several variables, the topological direct decomposition of meromorphic germs at zero as sums of holomorphic and polar germs previously derived by the first and third author and provide a topological refinement of a known algebraic decomposition of such spaces previously derived by the second author and collaborators.

In this expository note, we show that the blow-up arguments of L. Simon adapt well to the corresponding Schauder theory of germs used in the study of singular SPDEs. We illustrate this through some representative examples. As in the classical PDE framework, the argument relies only on the scaling properties of the germ semi-norms and the Liouville principle for the operator.

In this paper, we introduce the notion of local quasi-isometry for metric germs and prove that two definable germs are quasi-isometric if and only if their tangent cones are bi-Lipschitz homeomorphic. Since bi-Lipschitz equivalence is a particular case of local quasi-isometric equivalence, we obtain Sampaio's tangent cone theorem as a corollary. As an application, we reprove the theorem by Fernandes-Sampaio, which states that the tangent cone of a Lipschitz normally embedded germ is also Lipschitz normally embedded.

By applying holomorphic motions, we prove that a parabolic germ is quasiconformally rigid, that is, any two topologically conjugate parabolic germs are quasiconformally conjugate and the conjugacy can be chosen to be more and more near conformal as long as we consider these germs defined on smaller and smaller neighborhoods. Before proving this theorem, we use the idea of holomorphic motions to give a conceptual proof of the Fatou linearization theorem. As a by-product, we also prove that any finite number of analytic germs at different points in the Riemann sphere can be extended to a quasiconformal homeomorphism which can be more and more near conformal as as long as we consider these germs defined on smaller and smaller neighborhoods of these points.

Let $f_1, ..., f_h$ be $h\ge 2$ germs of biholomorphisms of $\C^n$ fixing the origin. We investigate the shape a (formal) simultaneous linearization of the given germs can have, and we prove that if $f_1, ..., f_h$ commute and their linear parts are almost simultaneously Jordanizable then they are simultaneously formally linearizable. We next introduce a simultaneous Brjuno-type condition and prove that, in case the linear terms of the germs are diagonalizable, if the germs commutes and our Brjuno-type condition holds, then they are holomorphically simultaneously linerizable. This answers to a multi-dimensional version of a problem raised by Moser.

For a reductive group $G$ over a non-archimedean local field, with some assumptions on (residue) characteristic we give an method to compute certain orbital integrals using a method close to that of Goresky-Kottiwitz-MacPherson but in a different language. These orbital integrals allow us to compute the Shalika germs at some ``very elliptic'' elements in terms of number of rational points on some quasi-finite covers of the Hessenberg varieties of GKM, which are subvarieties of (partial) flag varieties. Such values of Shalika germs determine the Harish-Chandra local character expansions of the so-called very supercuspidal representations.

In this paper we give moduli of analytic classification for parabolic Dulac i.e. almost regular germs. Dulac germs appear as first return maps of hyperbolic polycycles. Their moduli are given by a sequence of Ecalle-Voronin-like germs of analytic diffeomorphisms. We state the result in a bigger class of parabolic generalized Dulac germs having power-logarithmic asymptotic expansions.

This article has two parallel perspectives: to demonstrate an inductive structure of Shalika germs, and to show an analogous inductive structure for affine Springer fibers. More precisely, we give an algorithm to compute arbitrary Shalika germs (resp. affine Springer fibers up to stratification) in terms of three ingredients: Shalika germs (resp. affine Springer fibers) for twisted Levi subgroups, a finite list of combinatorial objects, and the numbers of rational points on varieties over the residue field (resp. varieties themselves) among an explicit finite list of such. We also discuss some formal applications of the algorithm to Shalika germs and orbital integrals.

In this work we use our previous results on the topological classification of generic singular foliation germs on $(\mathbb C^{2},0)$ to construct complete families: after fixing the semi-local topological invariants we prove the existence of a minimal family of foliation germs that contain all the topological classes and such that any equisingular global family with parameter space an arbitrary complex manifold factorizes through it.

In this article we prove that every germ of analytic meromorphic function at $(\mathbb{C}^{2},0)$ is equivalent, under the right composition by a germ of biholomorphism, to a germ of algebraic meromorphic function. An analogous result is also true for real analytic meromorphic functions.