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Mossel and Peres (2005) established a comprehensive framework for designing Bernoulli factories. Notably, they demonstrated that a single-variable function admits a finite-automata Bernoulli factory if and only if it is a rational function. Their Theorem 2.9 claims an extension of this result to multivariable functions, but it contains a subtle technical oversight in the application of Pólya's Theorem. We provide a direct counterexample: a rational function in three variables that admits a general Bernoulli factory but cannot be implemented by a finite-automata Bernoulli factory.

Technology plays an undeniable role in today's industrial world, especially in manufacturing and smart factories. Unlike previous industrial revolutions, humans are at the core of the fifth generation of the Industrial Revolution. One of the critical aspects of Industry 5.0 (I 5.0) is its emphasis on human-centricity. The integration of modern technologies can be clearly observed in smart factories, which offer enhanced comfort and professionalism. This study highlights the significance of I 5.0 and smart factory production (SFP). A total of 36 articles are reviewed and systematically categorized using the meta-synthesis methodology. The research emphasizes the influence of I 5.0 on SFP through the use of modern technologies and comprehensive policy frameworks. This new paradigm has the potential to streamline people's lives and bring a transformative shift to smart factory production lines. Enhancing the structure of factories appears feasible under this optimistic perspective.

Modern cyber-physical systems are operated by complex software that increasingly takes over safety-critical functions. Software enables rapid iterations and continuous delivery of new functionality that meets the ever-changing expectations of users. As high-speed development requires discipline, rigor, and automation, software factories are used. These entail methods and tools used for software development, such as build systems and pipelines. To keep up with the rapid evolution of software, we need to bridge the disconnect in methods and tools between software development and safety engineering today. We need to invest more in formality upfront - capturing safety work products in semantically rich models that are machine-processable, defining automatic consistency checks, and automating the generation of documentation - to benefit later. Transferring best practices from software to safety engineering is worth exploring. We advocate for safety factories, which integrate safety tooling and methods into software development pipelines.

Two industry-grade datasets are presented in this paper that were collected at the Future Factories Lab at the University of South Carolina on December 11th and 12th of 2023. These datasets are generated by a manufacturing assembly line that utilizes industrial standards with respect to actuators, control mechanisms, and transducers. The two datasets were both generated simultaneously by operating the assembly line for 30 consecutive hours (with minor filtering) and collecting data from sensors equipped throughout the system. During operation, defects were also introduced into the assembly operation by manually removing parts needed for the final assembly. The datasets generated include a time series analog dataset and the other is a time series multi-modal dataset which includes images of the system alongside the analog data. These datasets were generated with the objective of providing tools to further the research towards enhancing intelligence in manufacturing. Real manufacturing datasets can be scarce let alone datasets with anomalies or defects. As such these datasets hope to address this gap and provide researchers with a foundation to build and train Artificial Intelligence

In this work, we study the implication of Higgs precision measurements at future Higgs factories on the MSSM parameter space, focusing on the dominant stop sector contributions. We perform a multi-variable fit to both the signal strength for various Higgs decay channels at Higgs factories and the Higgs mass. The chi-square fit results show sensitivity to mA, tan beta, stop mass parameter mSUSY as well as the stop left-right mixing parameter Xt. We also study the impact of the Higgs mass prediction on the MSSM and compare the sensitivities of different Higgs factories.

We construct explicit combinatorial Bernoulli factories for the class of \emph{flow-based polytopes}; integral 0/1-polytopes defined by a set of network flow constraints. This generalizes the results of Niazadeh et al. (who constructed an explicit factory for the specific case of bipartite perfect matchings) and provides novel exact sampling procedures for sampling paths, circulations, and $k$-flows. In the process, we uncover new connections to algebraic combinatorics.

The high precision measurements of the Higgs mass and couplings at the future Higgs factories are sensitive to the parameter space of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). Focused on the dominant stop sector contributions, we study the implication of the Higgs precision measurements on MSSM using multi-variable $χ^2$ fit. The results show nice complementarity between the indirect searches at Higgs factories and the direct searches at the current LHC program.

Isosinglet fermions naturally arise in a variety of extensions of the Standard Model, in particular in models with extra dimensions. In this paper, we study the effect of the addition of a new isosinglet charged lepton to the standard spectrum, with special emphasis on implications for neutrino asymmetries to be measured at future neutrino factories. Lepton flavour violation in neutral current and lepton universality constraints are extensively discussed. We show that new physics effects in $ν_e-ν_μ$ CP asymmetries are significantly enhanced due to leptonic maximal mixings but still too small to give a signature at future neutrino factories. A signal for CP asymmetries in $ν_μ-ν_τ$ channel due to new physics could be observed at $1-3 σ$ if lepton flavour violating $τ$ decays are seen in a very close future in B-factories like BELLE experiment.

The platinum channel (ν_e or anti-ν_e appearance) has been proposed at neutrino factories as an additional channel that could help in lifting degeneracies and improving sensitivities to neutrino oscillation parameters, viz., θ_{13}, δ_{CP}, mass hierarchy, deviation of θ_{23} from maximality and its octant. This channel corresponds to ν_μ-> ν_e (or the corresponding anti-particle) oscillations of the initial neutrino flux, with the subsequent detection of (positrons) electrons from charged current interactions of the (anti-) ν_e in the detector. For small values of θ_{13}, the dominant ν_μ\to ν_τ(or corresponding anti-particle) oscillation results in this signal being swamped by electrons arising from the leptonic decay of taus produced in charge-current interactions of ν_τ(anti-ν_τ) with the detector. We examine for the first time the role of this tau contamination to the electron events sample and find that it plays a significant role in the platinum channel compared to other channels, not only at high energy neutrino factories but surprisingly even at low energy neutrino factories. Even when the platinum channel is considered in combination with other channels such as the gol

Smart factories are equipped with machines that can sense their manufacturing environments, interact with each other, and control production processes. Smooth operation of such factories requires that the machines and engineering personnel that conduct their monitoring and diagnostics share a detailed common industrial knowledge about the factory, e.g., in the form of knowledge graphs. Creation and maintenance of such knowledge is expensive and requires automation. In this work we show how machine learning that is specifically tailored towards industrial applications can help in knowledge graph completion. In particular, we show how knowledge completion can benefit from event logs that are common in smart factories. We evaluate this on the knowledge graph from a real world-inspired smart factory with encouraging results.

Leading approaches to fault-tolerant quantum computation dedicate a significant portion of the hardware to computational factories that churn out high-fidelity ancillas called magic states. Consequently, efficient and realistic factory design is of paramount importance. Here we present the most detailed resource assessment to date of magic state factories within a surface code quantum computer, along the way introducing a number of new techniques. We show that the block codes of Bravyi and Haah [Phys. Rev. A 86, 052329 (2012)] have been systematically undervalued; we track correlated errors both numerically and analytically, providing fidelity estimates without appeal to the union bound. We also introduce a subsystem code realisation of these protocols with constant time and low ancilla cost. Additionally, we confirm that magic state factories have space-time costs that scale as a constant factor of surface code costs. We find that the magic state factory required for post-classical factoring can be as small as 6.3 million data qubits, ignoring ancilla qubits, assuming $10^{-4}$ error gates, and the availability of long range interactions.

In 2010 we celebrated 50 years since commissioning of the first particle storage ring ADA in Frascati (Italy) that also became the first electron-positron collider in 1964. After that date the particle colliders have increased their intensity, luminosity and energy by several orders of magnitude. Namely, because of the high stored beam currents and high rate of useful physics events (luminosity) the modern electron-positron colliders are called "factories". However, the fundamental physics has required luminosities by 1-2 orders of magnitudes higher with respect to those presently achieved. This task can be accomplished by designing a new generation of factories exploiting the potential of a new collision scheme based on the Crab Waist (CW) collision concept recently proposed and successfully tested at Frascati. In this paper we discuss the performance and limitations of the present generation electron-positron factories and give a brief overview of new ideas and collision schemes proposed for further collider luminosity increase. In more detail we describe the CW collision concept and the results of the crab waist collision tests in DAFNE, the Italian PHi-factory. Finally, we brie

Neither Dark Matter nor scalar particles in the Higgs sector are ruled out at energies accessible to bottom and charm factories. In Dark Matter searches, the error on the mass of Dark Matter is $\sim 4$ GeV in the best LHC studies. For light Dark Matter this could represent a 100% (or more) error. In Higgs searches, the presence of a light singlet Higgs can make the LHC Higgs search difficult, if not impossible. If Dark Matter or a Higgs scalar is light, it will {\it require} a low-energy machine to precisely determine the couplings. We review the models, modes of discovery and rate expectations for these new particle searches at bottom and charm factories. We also discuss the options for new runs at bottom and charm factories relevant for these searches.

Spontaneous breaking of CPT is possible in string theory. We show that it can arise at a level within reach of experiments at meson factories currently being built or designed. For $φ$, $B$, and $τ$-charm factories, we discuss the likely experimental string signatures and provide estimates of the bounds that might be attained in these machines.

In this work, the results of Ultra-Wideband air-to-ground measurements carried out in a real-world factory environment are presented and discussed. With intelligent in-dustrial deployments in mind, we envision a scenario where the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle can be used as a supplementary tool for factory operation, optimization and control. Measurements address narrow band and wide band characterization of the wireless radio channel, and can be used for link budget calculation, interference studies and time dispersion assessment in real factories, without the usual limitation for both radio terminals to be close to ground. The measurements are performed at different locations and different heights over the 3.1-5.3 GHz band. Some fundamental propagation parameters values are determined vs. distance, height and propagation conditions. The measurements are complemented with, and compared to, conventional ground-to-ground measurements with the same setup. The conducted measurement campaign gives an insight for realizing wireless applications in smart connected factories, including UAV-assisted applications.

After the establishment of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism of CP violation at the two B factories, possibilities to increase the integrated luminosity by two orders of magnitude have been investigated, since it seems to be the amount needed to find physics beyond the Standard Model through CP violating and other observables in rare B meson decays, D meson decays and tau lepton decays. This report reviews the physics sensitivities and status of such super B factories, which are planned at two locations.