搜索结果：Ergonomics

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and anatomical distribution of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) among cleft surgeons and evaluate associations with ergonomic practices, training exposure, and physical activity patterns.DesignCross-sectional survey study.SettingAn International Craniofacial Cleft Workshop.ParticipantsCleft surgeons attending the workshop either in person or virtually.InterventionsNone. A 25-item anonymous questionnaire assessing musculoskeletal symptoms, ergonomic behaviors, and physical activity habits was administered.Main Outcome MeasuresPrevalence and anatomical distribution of self-reported musculoskeletal discomfort among participating cleft surgeons across predefined anatomical regions. Extensive musculoskeletal involvement was defined as symptoms affecting three or more anatomical regions. Associations between ergonomic behaviors, prior ergonomic training, physical activity patterns, and musculoskeletal burden were analyzed to identify potential contributing and protective factors.ResultsA total of 108 surgeons responded to the survey. Musculoskeletal discomfort was highly prevalent, most commonly affecting the neck (68.5%), lower back (38.9%), and upper back (34.3%). Many respondents reported that symptoms interfered with leisure activities, concentration, or surgical performance. Although most surgeons indicated familiarity with surgical ergonomics, only 18.5% had received formal ergonomic training. Preventive intraoperative behaviors such as posture monitoring and micro-breaks were inconsistently practiced. Strength training was independently associated with lower odds of extensive musculoskeletal involvement (Odds ratio 0.61; 95% confidence interval 0.15-0.99).ConclusionsWRMDs are common among cleft surgeons, and ergonomic awareness does not consistently translate into preventive behaviors. Incorporating structured ergonomics education into surgical training and implementing standardized intraoperative preventive strategies may promote long-term musculoskeletal health and career sustainability in cleft practice.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables en bloc resection of early gastrointestinal neoplasia but remains technically demanding because of limited traction, lack of triangulation, and high operator workload, contributing to a steep learning curve. We evaluated a novel endoluminal robotic platform designed to provide surgical-like bimanual triangulation, stable traction/counter-traction, and improved ergonomics while preserving compatibility with standard gastroscopes. The robotic system (Intilume System, Agilis Robotics, Hong Kong, SAR) uses an external positioning cart to drive two 3.5-mm flexible robotic instruments mounted onto a native gastroscope via a cap-and-sheath interface and controlled by compact pen-style motion-tracking controllers enabling seated operation. Available instruments included a bipolar T-knife and a tissue grasper. In a randomized crossover ex vivo porcine stomach study, two gastroenterology fellows without prior ESD experience and two interventional endoscopy fellows with early experience each performed four ESDs (two robotic, two conventional), for a total of 16 procedures. Outcomes included en bloc resection, procedure time, specimen surface area, dissection speed, tissue injury, and operator workload assessed using NASA-TLX, with exploratory OSATS and GEARS evaluations. All procedures were completed (8 robotic, 8 conventional). Robotic ESD achieved 100% en bloc resection versus 75% with conventional ESD (p = 0.47), was significantly faster (14.1 ± 4.3 vs 21.6 ± 7.6 min; p = 0.028), and demonstrated higher dissection speed (36.5 ± 23.4 vs 16.3 ± 10.1 mm2/min; p = 0.05). No muscular injuries occurred with robotic ESD compared with 5/8 conventional cases; no full-thickness injuries occurred. Operator workload was markedly lower with robotic ESD (NASA-TLX 34.7 ± 24.1 vs 75.0 ± 15.4; p = 0.002). In a randomized ex vivo model, a bimanual endoluminal robotic platform compatible with standard endoscopes demonstrated promising improvements in ESD efficiency, tissue control, and operator ergonomics compared with conventional ESD. These preliminary findings support further development and progression to first-in-human feasibility evaluation, with potential to facilitate ESD skill acquisition pending clinical validation.

It is well-known that high-performance thermal protective clothing is crucial for personnel working in high-temperature environments, such as firefighters. Thermal protective clothing design usually integrates textile materials' type, thickness, physical and chemical properties (such as thermal conductivity), ergonomics, and environmental adaptability. In this study, the heat transfer process and the optimal thickness are mainly discussed for providing some references on the design of this clothing. The thickness design of thermal protective clothing fabrics is carried out via numerical heat transfer simulations based on experimental data obtained from manikin tests. Firstly, one heat transfer model for thermal protective clothing, including three textile materials' layers and one air layer, is constructed according to Fourier's law of heat conduction, Newton's law of cooling, and the Stefan-Boltzmann law, with appropriate boundary conditions assigned. Secondly, the finite volume element method, which has the important advantage of preserving conservation properties for physical quantities, is employed to discretize the heat transfer model. Thirdly, the convective heat transfer coefficient, which characterizes heat exchange between fluid and solid surfaces, is determined approximately by the least-squares method based on the given data, while the heat transfer process is simultaneously simulated. Fourthly, the thicknesses of the second and fourth layers are critical to the performance of thermal protective clothing. Two optimization algorithms are proposed to determine the optimal thickness configuration that effectively balances thermal insulation and wearing comfort. From the above results, it is recommended to use multilayer textile composite materials incorporating aerogel insulation layers and phase-change material interlayers.

Over the past 500 years, the convergence of three distinct paths - vaginal surgery, laparoscopy, and robotic technologies - has enabled the development of robot-assisted vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (RA-vNOTES). The ongoing evolution of vaginal surgery has led to contemporary procedures such as hysterectomy, myomectomy, sacrocolpopexy, adnexal interventions, and oncologic operations, applicable to a wide range of diagnoses and pathologies. This approach offers patients significant benefits, including superior cosmetic outcomes, less pain, lower infection rates, and faster recovery of baseline quality of life. Surgeons benefit from improved ergonomics, better visualization, the ability to use multiple instruments, and enhanced tremor control. Robotic assistance has greatly expanded the ability to safely perform more complex cases, such as excision of stage 4 endometriosis with complete posterior cul-de-sac obliteration, as well as other procedures previously considered contraindicated in traditional vaginal surgery. Here, we present current findings and advances in RA-vNOTES and consider future developments in robotic surgery aimed at further improving minimally invasive techniques.

PurposeThis study examines how operating room (OR) staff in Australia are engaged in OR design planning and how their professional experience shapes participation, safety considerations, and design priorities.BackgroundThe design of OR environments influences safety, efficiency, and workflow. Yet design processes are complex, requiring regulatory compliance, technical expertise, and integration of end-user perspectives.MethodsA sequential exploratory mixed methods design was used. Phase one involved qualitative interviews with OR staff and design professionals (n = 16) to explore experiences of design processes and perceptions of safety. Phase two involved a national cross-sectional survey (n = 418) to assess broader patterns of engagement and role-based differences in safety and design priorities.ResultsMixed methods integration showed that OR design in Australia is shaped by systemic and professional barriers, including fragmented communication, limited interdisciplinary engagement, and hierarchical decision-making. OR staff reported inconsistent or minimal involvement, while designers reported challenges embedding participatory approaches within project constraints. OR staff prioritized safety, ergonomics, and workflow efficiency, while designers focused more on regulatory and technical elements. Access to support, spatial layout, and ergonomic considerations emerged as top safety-related design features.ConclusionsOR environments are shaped by the interaction of clinical, architectural, and institutional priorities, yet design processes often lack inclusive, safety-focused collaboration. Strengthening participatory mechanisms that integrate clinical expertise with technical and regulatory demands may improve the relevance and safety of surgical built environments. These findings can inform future policy, standards, and design frameworks to support more collaborative OR planning.

Increasing adoption of robotic cholecystectomy (RC) has prompted debate over its cost, access, safety, and training. Given the historical lessons learned during the transition from open to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), it is important that we now evaluate RC within the framework of safe cholecystectomy principles. This white paper reviews existing literature and expert consensus on RC credentialing practices, safety protocols, adjunctive imaging, technological limitations, global applications, and modality advantages and disadvantages. Evidence on RC vs. LC outcomes is mixed, and current data suggest the need for RC structured training, simulation, and competency-based evaluation. RC offers several advantages such as enhanced visualization, improved ergonomics, and potential benefits in complex anatomy, surgeon longevity, and rural or resource-limited settings. However, challenges remain in RC, including inconsistent credentialing, limited standardization of training, potential higher costs as compared to LC, and variable adherence to safe cholecystectomy principles such as the critical view of safety (CVS). Safe cholecystectomy principles must remain paramount in all forms of cholecystectomy. For RC adoption, there is opportunity to standardize training and incorporate thoughtful credentialing with responsible integration of technology.

Cranial nerve (CN) functional diseases, comprising trigeminal neuralgia (TN), hemifacial spasm (HFS), and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN), are frequently caused by neurovascular conflicts (NVCs) in the posterior fossa. This chapter examines surgical and non-surgical procedures for these conditions, emphasizing minimally invasive retrosigmoid approach (RA) for microvascular decompression (MVD) as the gold standard for definitive treatment for all of them. MVD achieves long-term pain relief in more than 80% of classical TN cases, though efficacy decreases significantly in multiple sclerosis (MS)-related TN. Technical nuances of MVD, such as patient positioning, craniectomy location, and conflict visualization via microscopic, endoscopic, or exoscopic systems, are detailed, alongside strategies to minimize complications (CSF leakage, vascular or nerve injuries). Percutaneous techniques (radiofrequency thermorhizotomy, balloon compression) and stereotactic radiosurgery offer viable alternatives, albeit with variable durability on symptoms control. Special considerations for MS-related TN, tumor-associated cases, and recurrent disease underscore the need for tailored algorithms integrating intraoperative imaging and tools. Advances in endoscopic and exoscopic visualization systems enhance intraoperative precision and ergonomics, though mastery remains technically demanding. A multidisciplinary framework is critical for optimizing outcomes.

Integrating neural and muscular signals into wearable robotics enables adaptive assistance during real-world tasks. This study proposes a multimodal neural interface for passive exoskeletons that combines electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) signals to classify motor gestures and estimate real-time cognitive and muscular effort, supported by finite-element-based biomechanical modeling. The system was implemented on the Ottobock Shoulder X passive exoskeleton© and validated using synchronous EEG-EMG acquisition via the LiveAmp platform©, a commercially available platform that was not developed specifically for this study. A hybrid CNN-LSTM architecture with deep fusion was employed to enhance robustness and responsiveness under realistic operating conditions. This study proposes a multimodal neural interface for the software-level adaptive assistance of passive upper-limb exoskeletons. While the physical device maintains a static mechanical profile, the proposed digital framework achieves adaptation by interpreting the user's physiological and motor states. Ten healthy participants performed three functional tasks (screwing, moving the box, and lifting the box) under five assistive conditions. Finite element modeling (FEM) was used to characterize the torque-angle relationship of the passive exoskeleton and to support the interpretation of experimentally observed assistive torque profiles. The FEM model, used as an offline biomechanical analysis tool to aid in the interpretation of experimental results, has not been integrated into the real-time control loop. Results showed an average classification accuracy of 90%, an F1-score of 0.85, and inference latency below 180 ms, confirming real-time applicability. Cognitive indices such as the Cognitive Load Index (CLI) and Frontal Asymmetry Index (FAI) enabled adaptive modulation of assistance strategies without requiring active actuation, thereby preserving the device's intrinsic passive nature. Comparative torque analysis highlighted the ergonomic benefits of passive systems in mid-range postures, while Finite Element Method (FEM) supported analysis clarified their limitations under highly dynamic loads compared to active solutions. These findings advance multimodal brain-machine interfaces for wearable robotics by integrating physiological sensing, deep learning, and biomechanical modeling, offering a safe, energy-efficient, and adaptive approach with potential rehabilitation, occupational ergonomics, and human-robot applications.

Growing endoscopy demand has increased physical workload and injury risk among endoscopists, while current ergonomic solutions remain limited. We developed a newly motion-optimized endoscope-holding device (scope-holder) designed to reduce muscular burden, allowing each operator to adjust the scope position according to individual preference. This study assessed its ergonomic impacts in a simulated setting. Clinical endoscopists and nonmedical participants without any medical background were recruited to collect data. Each participant performed a simulated endoscopic marking task with and without the scope-holder. We compared the procedure time of the task, evaluated muscle efforts in the upper arm, forearm, and shoulder using wireless electromyography, as well as mental workload using NASA-TLX across the two settings. A total of 26 participants, including 17 clinical endoscopists and 9 nonmedical participants, were enrolled. In the overall cohort, the scope-holder assisted group significantly reduced activation of biceps brachii (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), trapezius (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), flexor carpi ulnaris (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.049) muscles and NASA-TLX scores (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.003). Additionally, the assisted group achieved a shorter procedure time (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.018) compared with the non-assisted group. Subgroup analysis showed reduced muscle load in both clinical endoscopists and nonmedical participants (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05), with additional improvements in mental workload (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.004) and the procedure time (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.027) observed only in nonmedical participants, whereas clinical endoscopists showed no significant difference in mental workload (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.299) and procedure time (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.229). Our newly developed scope-holder, designed to accommodate the operator's natural scope motion, effectively reduced physical and mental workload. It offers a practical solution to improve ergonomics in endoscopic clinical practice.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid spheres released from cells. Research utilizing EVs has met several hurdles owing to the small size of the majority of EVs and other nanoparticles (<150 nm) and the lack of detection technologies capable of providing high-throughput single particle measurements at this scale. The use of high-throughput single particle measurements is critical for the assessment of EV heterogeneity and abundance which are features often used to assess the development of isolation protocols or particle characterization. The Coulter principle, known in the field as resistive pulse sensing (RPS), has been used for several decades to size and count cells. More recently, this technology has evolved to accommodate nanoparticle analysis. In the last decade a platform utilizing microfluidic resistive pulse sensing (MRPS) has been demonstrated for nanoparticles, offering ergonomic characterization of nanoparticles along with utilizing open format data. To date, assessment of MRPS accuracy and reporting standards have not been assessed. With the aim of increasing data accuracy, ergonomics, and reporting transparency, we developed a microfluidic resistive pulse sensing post-acquisition analysis software (RPSPASS) application for automated cohort calibration, population gating, statistical output, QC plot generation, alternative data file outputs, and standardized reporting templates.

Robotic-assisted surgery is expanding across specialties due to advantages including instrument dexterity, depth perception and improved ergonomics. NHS England projections indicate rapid scale-up of robotic surgery to &#x223c;500,000 robot-supported operations annually by 2035, with robotic assistance becoming the default for &#x223c;90% of keyhole procedures. Operating theatres are a key focus for decarbonisation, and equipment energy demand represents an actionable lever. This study quantified electricity consumption for robotic versus laparoscopic cancer surgery, translating to an implementation-ready mitigation bundle to support robotic programme expansion while minimising avoidable energy use. Electricity consumption on robotic and laparoscopic equipment was measured during colorectal cancer resections, capturing standby during setup/turnover, in-use during operating and out-of-hours standby. Readings were obtained during defined operating states, then modelled using prespecified setup, operative and clear-away durations based on local theatre workflow observations and published evidence of longer operative times associated with robotic colorectal surgery. Energy consumption, costs and annualised projections were calculated. Robotic equipment drew substantially higher power than laparoscopic stacks in both standby and in-use states. Robotic cases used over six times more electricity per operation than laparoscopic cases, driven by longer operative duration and higher system power. Out-of-hours standby for robotic components contributed materially to annual electricity use and cost. Alongside clinical outcomes and productivity metrics, energy use and carbon implications should be incorporated into robotic surgery programme governance. Mitigations include routine measurement, standby power management within manufacturer constraints, theatre workflow optimisation and procurement standards aligned to sustainable operating theatre guidance.

As haptic interfaces integrate more seamlessly into wearables and everyday environments, they increasingly require actuators that are soft, thin, silent, and energy efficient. However, conventional motors and temperature-responsive polymers often struggle to deliver these properties due to their bulky form factors and high power consumption. High-Voltage Electrostatic Actuators (HVEAs), which generate force by applying an electric field to localized charge concentrations using high voltages and ultra-low currents, have recently emerged as a compelling alternative due to their fast, silent, and low-power operation within highly customizable and compliant form factors. This paper presents a focused review of HVEAs for haptics, examining four major classes: electrostatic switchable adhesives, dielectric elastomer actuators, soft electrohydraulic actuators, and electrokinetic pumps. For each class, we describe their mechanisms that enable haptic output; characterize their band widths, force densities, and spatial scalability; and evaluate their versatility for rendering cutaneous and kinesthetic feedback across wearable and world-grounded interfaces. Through this cross-technology analysis, we identify common design constraints and emerging strategies for improving ergonomics, streamlining fabrication, and integrating self-sensing. We conclude by out lining where HVEAs are uniquely positioned to advance haptic interaction and highlighting key research directions needed to translate these technologies into practical systems.

Accurate representation of facial soft&#x2011;tissue thickness (FSTT) is indispensable for finite&#x2011;element (FE) head models used in ergonomics, forensic reconstruction and biomedical simulation. This study quantifies layer&#x2011;specific FSTT in 1174 Chinese adults (18-90&#x202f;years) using multislice computed tomography. Soft&#x2011;tissue thickness was measured at 33 craniofacial landmarks and partitioned into CT-derived composite compartments corresponding to skin, fat and muscle. Landmarks were aggregated into 17 anatomical regions for region&#x2011;based modelling. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that total FSTT and the fat- and muscle-associated compartments were significantly influenced by sex and age (p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.001), whereas skin-related thickness was primarily age&#x2011;dependent. Regional mean values were assigned to a Chinese P50 reference headform, yielding a multi&#x2011;layer, region&#x2011;specific FE mesh that supports simulation of facial contact scenarios. The resulting database provides population- and layer-resolved modelling inputs for anatomically informed ergonomic simulations and virtual cohort testing of head-worn products accommodation. Using CT data from 1,174 adults, this study quantifies facial soft-tissue thickness components and their demographic variation. The resulting database supports anatomically informed finite-element headforms, helping practitioners evaluate whether head-worn interfaces (e.g. respirators, VR/AR) accommodate soft-tissue variability across users.

This paper introduces an advanced Internet of Things (IoT)-driven smart furniture system designed to dynamically adapt to individual users by integrating deep reinforcement learning with federated meta-learning. Personalization is formulated as a Markov decision process, enabling the system to make optimized, sequential adjustments tailored to each user's behavior. To estimate hidden ergonomic preferences in real time, an adaptive Kalman filter is applied, while a sparse autoencoder reduces raw sensor signals by 82 %, preserving key temporal features essential for accurate modeling. In a comprehensive user study involving 48 participants and more than 160,000 time-series sensor samples, the framework significantly reduced cumulative user dissatisfaction by 43 % and cut energy consumption by 21 %, compared with conventional rule-based control systems. Real-time adaptations occur with an average latency of 280 ms, and constraints for ergonomics are upheld in 95 % of use cases, confirming the system operates swiftly and safely. Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaboration across distributed furniture units. Training converges to 87 % of global performance within 30 global iterations, without any raw data exchange, reinforcing both scalability and data privacy. These empirical results strongly support the framework's suitability for deployment in health-aware workspaces, smart homes, and eldercare environments, delivering a robust, responsive, and interpretable solution for enriching human-furniture interaction.

Background/Objectives: Promoting postural health in children requires not only adequate knowledge but also the implementation of health-promoting behaviors in the school environment. Teachers play a key role in this process; however, the extent to which their knowledge is reflected in everyday practice remains unclear. The study aimed to analyze and compare the levels of knowledge among preschool, early school, and physical education teachers regarding postural health in children and adolescents, including postural abnormalities, ergonomics, the selection of corrective exercises, and behaviors that promote correct body posture. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 153 teachers in Poland: 24 preschool (P), 53 early school education (EE), and 76 physical education (PE) teachers. The self-report Teachers' Body Posture Literacy Questionnaire (TBPLQ) was used to assess knowledge regarding postural abnormalities. Results: PE achieved the highest TBPLQ scores, with significant differences observed mainly in comparison with EE (r = 0.30-0.50, p < 0.001). Across all groups, teachers performed best in recognizing postural abnormalities and worst in selecting appropriate corrective exercises. Although knowledge levels were relatively high, only weak correlations were found between knowledge and postural hygiene-promoting behaviors. The largest behavioral differences concerned the use of appropriate sportswear during physical education classes (&#x3b7;2 > 0.14). Conclusions: Teachers demonstrated relatively high levels of knowledge regarding posture health. However, a clear knowledge-behavior gap was identified. Knowledge was only partially translated into proactive health-promoting actions, particularly regarding corrective interventions and communication with parents. The results suggest the need for educational initiatives for teachers focusing on proactive health-promoting and postural hygiene behaviors.

Office work is increasingly carried out outside conventional office settings, particularly during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This highlights the need to understand the complexity of aspects that may influence health across different office work environments. This study aimed to (1) identify aspects that office workers perceive as supporting or hindering their health during office work, and (2) formulate novel questions about office work for quantitative studies. In February 2021, we conducted a digitally distributed photovoice study in Sweden, in which a convenience sample of 17 office workers from 5 companies took photos and provided written comments on what they perceived as supporting or hindering their health in places where they performed office work. For objective 1, we carried out both qualitative formal analysis and analysis without a theoretical frame, as well as quantified the content of the photos and comments. The identified aspects and their interactions were summarized in a visual framework. For objective 2, findings from the photovoice study were used to adapt selected items from the 2019 Swedish Work Environment Survey, capturing office work performed across multiple settings. Of a total of 63 photos, 70% (44/63) were taken at home, 24% (15/63) in an office, and 6% (4/63) outdoors. The comments on photos taken in conventional office settings largely highlighted health-promoting aspects, while the interpretations of home office photos showed greater variability regarding their impact on health. We identified 9 aspects and categorized them into two groups: (1) environmental perspective, including space, ergonomic, technical, and aesthetic-sensuous aspects and (2) behavioral perspective, including flexibility, focus, breaks-recovery, physical activity, and eating habits. Whether the aspects supported or hindered health depended on the environment where office work was performed and the employees' living conditions. Our visual framework illustrates how these two perspectives interact with each other, bridged by space and flexibility. The study also resulted in a battery of multiple-choice questions about work in offices, at home, in public places, and outdoors that can be used in future research to better capture variation in modern work arrangements. This study extends the notion that office environments play a central role in supporting employee health by suggesting that this also applies to home offices. The results emphasize the need for tailored health-promoting interventions that account for the diverse environments in which office work is performed and for individual needs. The developed visual framework for analyzing health-promoting work environments for office workers and the battery of survey questions can contribute to future research and the advancement of sustainable, health-promoting office environments.

Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder that causes pain, functional disability, and considerable socioeconomic burden. China's rapid population aging and widespread engagement in repetitive manual labor may have accelerated to the rise of HOA. However, long-term trends and future projections of its disease burden remain insufficiently characterized. To describe trends in HOA incidence, prevalence, and DALYs from 1990 to 2021, examine differences across age and sex, and project future disease burden. A population-based descriptive study using GBD 2021 data to examine trends and project the burden of hand osteoarthritis in Chinese adults aged 30&#x2009;years and older across national and subnational regions. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), prevalence rate (ASPR), and disability-adjusted life year rate (ASDR) were analyzed by sex and age group. Temporal trends were quantified using Joinpoint regression to calculate annual and average annual percent changes (APC, AAPC), and future trends were projected to 2036 using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Between 1990 and 2021, the burden of HOA increased substantially worldwide, with China showing a faster rise than the global average. In China, ASIR rose from 59.12 to 92.70&#x2009;per 100,000, ASPR from 988.51 to 1603.85, and ASDR from 31.57 to 51.26, corresponding to AAPCs of 1.46%-1.58%. Females experienced consistently higher rates than males and faster growth. The disease burden rose sharply after age 50 and peaked between 65 and 79&#x2009;years. Joinpoint analysis revealed multiple inflection points, with the steepest acceleration occurring from 2015 to 2019 (APC >5%). ARIMA projections indicate that male rates will plateau or slightly decline by 2035, whereas female rates will continue rising, potentially exceeding 150&#x2009;per 100,000 for incidence and 3000&#x2009;per 100,000 for prevalence. The burden of HOA in China is increasing rapidly and is likely associated with population aging, sex-specific biological vulnerability, and occupational exposure. Women and elderly adults are disproportionately affected, with widening sex and age disparities. Targeted interventions-including ergonomic protection, menopausal health management, and early rehabilitation-are essential to mitigate the projected rise in disease burden and to improve musculoskeletal health in an aging population. Temporal trends and future projections of hand osteoarthritis burden in China from 1990 to 2021 Hand osteoarthritis is a common condition where the joints in the fingers and thumbs break down, causing pain and stiffness that can make daily tasks difficult. As China&#x2019;s population gets older and people use their hands intensively for both manual jobs and digital devices like smartphones, this problem is getting much worse. A new study looked at data from 1990 to 2021 to understand how widespread and severe hand osteoarthritis has become in China. The findings show a fast and significant increase. The number of new cases, the total number of people living with the condition, and its overall impact on people&#x2019;s lives and health have all nearly doubled over those 30&#x2009;years. This rise in China has been faster than the global average. The burden of this disease is not shared equally. Women are affected more often and more severely than men, and the gap is widening. For everyone, the risk increases sharply after age 50, with the highest rates seen in adults aged 65 to 79. The fastest period of increase happened very recently, between 2015 and 2019. Using this data, researchers forecast trends to 2036. They predict that while the rate for men may level off, the number of women developing and living with hand osteoarthritis will continue to climb significantly. The main drivers behind this rising trend are the aging population, hormonal changes after menopause in women, repetitive hand use in certain jobs, and the widespread use of digital technology. To address this growing public health challenge, the study suggests that targeted steps are needed. These include promoting hand-friendly work tools and habits, providing better health support for women around menopause, and offering early rehabilitation programs. Taking action is crucial to reduce future pain and disability and improve the quality of life for China&#x2019;s aging population.

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Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are highly prevalent among dental professionals and often begin during clinical training. Preventive strategies within dental education remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of integrating a structured yoga-based programme into postgraduate dental training on musculoskeletal symptoms, perceived stress, and resilience. A randomized controlled pilot study was conducted in which participants were allocated to either an intervention group undertaking a 12-week yoga programme (one session per week) or a control group continuing usual clinical activities. Musculoskeletal symptoms were assessed using the adapted Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) recall measure, while psychological outcomes were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10). Over the study period, musculoskeletal symptom scores decreased in the intervention group, whereas they remained relatively stable in the control group. Significant Group &#xd7; Time interactions were observed for the primary musculoskeletal outcomes. No significant differences were found for work-related impairment, perceived stress, or resilience. These preliminary findings suggest that structured movement-based interventions may represent a potentially feasible preventive approach within dental training environments to address early occupational musculoskeletal strain. Further research with larger samples and longer intervention periods is needed to confirm these findings.