搜索结果：Daisy

Citrus greening, also known as Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating disease in citrus that has severely impacted the global citrus industry. Commercially cultivated varieties, including tangerines ('Daisy' tangerines, C. reticulata), are highly susceptible to HLB, whereas Poncirus trifoliata and its hybrids, such as Carrizo citrange, are widely recognized for their tolerance to HLB disease. While there is no effective control currently available, breeding of HLB-resistant varieties remains the most practical, cost-effective and long-term sustainable strategy. Notably, no reports have been documented linking high coverage, marker density, or quantitative trait loci (QTL) to HLB disease tolerance in the Carrizo citrange × "Daisy" tangerine population. In current investigation, 120 F1 hybrids (intergeneric) derived from "Daisy" tangerine × Carrizo citrange was genotyped using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (ddRAD sequencing), leading to construction of high-density SNP based genetic maps for both parents separately. Using an artificial screening approach, F1 individuals were phenotyped for HLB tolerance under insect-protected cage over two consecutive years. F1 hybrids displayed significant variation in HLB disease-related traits, including disease severity, pH difference, and chlorophyll content. QTL analysis using phenotypic variation from both years identified five QTL clusters, located on Ch2 and Ch6 on Carrizo citrange map and Ch1 and Ch6 on 'Daisy' tangerine map. Five regions exhibited co-localization of QTLs associated with two traits. The identified major QTLs explained high phenotypic variation, highlighting significant role in HLB tolerance. This is the high coverage with more marker density were used to identify QTLs associated with HLB tolerance using SNP markers. These findings provide first evidence of quantitative genetic basis of HLB tolerance in Carrizo citrange, while also revealing that 'Daisy' tangerine harbors valuable genetic regions and these regions will used to improve HLB tolerance. This information will be valuable for future efforts in breeding, fine-mapping, genetic engineering, and marker-assisted selection aimed at enhancing disease tolerance.

Stereochemistry profoundly affects the physical and mechanical properties of polymers, illustrated by the contrast between elastic natural rubber (cis-polyisoprene) and the stiffer, less extensible gutta-percha (trans-isomer). Traditional stereochemistry such as tacticity and cis/trans isomerism primarily governs polymer properties based on fixed structural or conformational factors. Herein, by incorporating the mechanostereochemistry concept into polymers, we demonstrate a stereochemistry paradigm wherein dynamic isomers dictate material properties, thereby defining the unprecedented transient-stereostructure-efficacy mechanism. Specifically, we engineer two mechanically interlocked networks based on [c2]daisy chains, where force-triggered intramolecular motion generates mechanostereoisomers with distinct geometric configurations: [c2]Daisy chain 1 in MIN-1 contracts into a fisherman's knot, whereas [c2]daisy chain 2 in MIN-2 extends into a loop. Due to reduced network elasticity from the loop structure, MIN-2 exhibits a lower modulus in large-strain shear measurements and less pronounced strain hardening in tensile tests compared to MIN-1. Since these mechanostereoisomers are induced by force, material properties show strain-dependent character: both networks perform similarly under small or no strain, but diverge significantly at large strains. Our work expands the conceptual boundaries of polymer stereochemistry and provides insights for designing high-performance materials through stereochemical control.

Mechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs) offer unconventional architectures that expand the design space of polymer chemistry, making them an emerging focus of polymer and supramolecular science. Yet their synthesis still lacks the precision and control established in conventional polymer chemistry. We report a living ring-opening polymerization that enables controlled construction of topologically diverse polyrotaxanes from two monomers─[2]catenanes and c[1]daisy chains. The method delivers main-chain and daisy-chain architectures with predictable molecular weights, narrow dispersities (Đ ≤ 1.19), and block copolymer access. Comparative studies reveal topology-dependent reactivity, underscoring the role of conformational constraints in polymerization kinetics. This unified route establishes a versatile platform for programmable MIP synthesis, bridging molecular topology with materials design and paving the way for next-generation mechanically bonded polymers.

A single leadership decision, saying yes to a new way of honoring nurses, helped catalyze a global movement in nurse recognition. In 2000, Susan Grant, Chief Nursing Officer at the University of Washington Medical Center, agreed to pilot a program that invited patients and families to define extraordinary nursing care through their own stories. That decision became the DAISY Award®. In this interview, Dr Grant reflects on the origins of DAISY and leadership lessons for today. The message is clear: some of the most enduring innovations in nursing do not begin with metrics or technology, but with courage, humility, and a commitment to purpose.

The fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) is critical for assessing fetal cardiac electrophysiology and detecting fetal distress and arrhythmias. Single-channel abdominal electrocardiogram (AECG) enables home-based monitoring but faces challenges posed by weak fetal signals, maternal interference, and the lack of spatial information. Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) is suitable for nonstationary AECG signals but relies on accurate selection of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). In this study, a deep learning-guided method was proposed: a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) scored and selected EEMD-derived IMFs, followed by maternal QRS template subtraction and secondary EEMD purification to achieve automatic FECG extraction. Leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) cross-validation was performed on 15 simulated cases and 5 ADFECGDB records, yielding a mean AUC of 0.9282 ± 0.0189 for the IMF classifier. On the independent DaISy and NIFEA arrhythmia datasets, the proposed CNN-2×EEMD method achieved correlation coefficients of 0.94-0.96, F1-scores of 0.8372-0.9565 for fetal R-peak detection, and SNR improvements of 13.39-15.88 dB. This method outperformed conventional automatic selection methods and matched the performance of manual selection. Ablation studies validated the optimal network design and IMF selection strategy, while complexity analysis (0.08 GFLOPs, 2.24 ms latency) confirmed its suitability for real-time wearable deployment.

Reports an error in "Getting to the core of locus of control: Is it an evaluation of the self or the environment" by Russell E. Johnson, Christopher C. Rosen, Chu-Hsiang (Daisy) Chang and Szu-Han (Joanna) Lin (Journal of Applied Psychology, 2015[Sep], Vol 100[5], 1568-1578; see record 2015-05390-001). In the article, numerous root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) values were incorrectly reported. The authors no longer have access to the data to verify against the original output but confirmed that corrections were required after manual recalculations. These errors affect several conclusions reached and indicate the need to temper some of the specific conclusions reached in the discussion section. The corrected RMSEA values are present in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2015-05390-001). Responding to criticisms surrounding the structural validity of the higher order core self-evaluations (CSE) construct, in the current study we examined the appropriateness of including locus of control as an indicator of CSE. Drawing from both theoretical and empirical evidence, we argue that locus of control is more heavily influenced by evaluations of the environment compared with the other CSE traits. Using data from 4 samples, we demonstrate that model fit for the higher order CSE construct is better when locus of control is excluded versus included as a trait indicator and that the shared variance between locus of control and CSE is nominal. This does not mean that locus of control is irrelevant for CSE theory though. We propose that evaluations of the environment moderate the relations that CSE has with its outcomes. To test this proposition, we collected data from 4 unique samples that included a mix of student and employee participants, self- and other-ratings, and cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Our results revealed that locus of control moderated relations of CSE with life and job satisfaction, and supervisor-rated job performance. CSE had stronger, positive relations with these outcomes when locus of control is internal versus external. These findings broaden CSE theory by demonstrating one way in which evaluations of the environment interface with evaluations of the self. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Large-area, high-speed tactile skins could improve robotics, prosthetics, and human-machine interfaces, but scaling them is limited by wiring complexity and readout bandwidth. We introduce Single-Pixel Tactile Skin (SPTS), a flexible, daisy-chainable tactile array that implements compressive sampling directly in hardware. Each sensing element uses a miniature low-cost microcontroller to apply programmable analog weights, while all pixel currents are summed into a single output channel. Repeating this process yields global projections from which tactile images are reconstructed using sparse recovery, reducing the measurements required relative to raster scanning. In a 10×10 array, SPTS achieved ≥98% object classification accuracy with 20 measurements, corresponding to an effective 3500 FPS, and captured an 8 ms projectile impact in 23 reconstructed frames. Because reconstruction quality improves progressively with measurement count, SPTS can rapidly localize contact from sparse data and refine tactile images over time, enabling scalable, responsive tactile sensing for physical interaction and control.

The global biodiversity crisis comprises the ongoing loss of species simultaneous to the decrease in local knowledge of native plant and animal species. Such local knowledge is fundamental to societal engagement in conservation efforts. It is, however, unclear how familiar people are with the biodiversity in their surrounding landscape. We used a cultural domain analysis to assess the public's local knowledge of plant and bird species in northwest Saxony, an agricultural region in eastern Germany. We interviewed 463 adults and asked them to freelist all wild plants and birds they know to occur in their surrounding agricultural landscape. We hypothesized that (i) people know mostly common generalist species, but few species characteristic for their surrounding agricultural land; and (ii) younger people know fewer species than older people. We found that 15 plant and 21 bird taxa were part of the people's cultural domain of local farmland species. On average, people named only two plant and three bird taxa out of the 62 plant and 25 bird farmland indicator species that occur in the region. Thus, most of the species characteristic for agricultural habitats were unknown. Species knowledge generally increased with age at least up to 46-55 years. Characteristic farmland plant species such as Cornflower, Chamomile, or Yarrow, and characteristic farmland bird species such as Starling or Skylark were significantly more salient among older participants (> 45 years old), whereas generalist plants, such as Dandelion, Common daisy, or Stinging nettle, and high-order bird taxa, such as crows, pigeons and birds of prey, were more salient among younger participants (≤ 45 years old). Our study revealed that people's local knowledge of plant and bird species comprises a few plant and a few more bird species that are characteristic for their agricultural landscape. Nevertheless, most of the common indicator species for agricultural habitats in our study region are not part of the people's cultural domain. Possibilities to enhance local knowledge necessary for conserving biodiversity include restoring the cultural relevance of wild plants, as foods or medicine, and teaching the relevance of biodiversity for ecosystem functioning at school, particularly through outdoor education in rural environments.

Melampodium divaricatum (Rich.) DC. (MelD), commonly known as butter daisy, is a medicinal plant widely distributed in Central and South America. In traditional medicine, particularly in Mexico and other parts of Central America, decoctions prepared from the aerial parts of MelD have been widely used to treat inflammation-associated ailments, including dysentery, fever, infections, and pain. Despite its long-standing ethnomedicinal use, the molecular and immunological mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in the context of innate immune regulation, remain largely unexplored. Based on the ethnomedicinal use of MelD in Nicaragua for the treatment of inflammation-related conditions such as fever and pain, this study aimed to investigate whether extracts of MelD modulate the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a central regulator of innate immune responses. In addition, we sought to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and to characterize the major bioactive constituents associated with these anti-inflammatory effects. Methanolic extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of MelD collected in Nicaragua. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the EZ-CYTOX cell viability assay. The effects of the extract on NLRP3 inflammasome activation were examined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed human THP-1 macrophages and murine macrophage cell lines. Inflammasome activation was induced by ATP or nigericin stimulation. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while ASC speck formation and oligomerization were assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and chemical cross-linking, respectively. NLRP3 ATPase activity was measured using the ADP-Glo™ Max assay. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was further evaluated using chemical- and tail-fin injury-induced zebrafish inflammation model. Chemical profiling of the extract was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS). The MelD extract significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β secretion in a concentration-dependent manner without inducing cytotoxicity. Mechanistic analyses revealed that the extract suppressed ASC speck formation and ASC oligomerization, indicating an impairment of inflammasome assembly. Notably, treatment with the extract did not affect the expression levels of NLRP3 or pro-IL-1β during the priming phase, suggesting preferential interference with the activation step of the inflammasome. In agreement with the in vitro findings, the extract markedly reduced inflammatory responses, including neutrophil and macrophage recruitment, in the zebrafish inflammation model. UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis identified flavonoid C-glycosides as major constituents of the extract, implicating these compounds as potential contributors to the observed anti-inflammatory activity. This study provides experimental evidence that MelD extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects by targeting the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings offer a pharmacological rationale for the traditional use of MelD in the management of fever and pain and highlight its potential as a natural source of bioactive compounds for the development of therapeutics against NLRP3-driven inflammatory disorders.

Although animal-based studies provide information with the highest physiological and metabolic relevance, in vitro methods are essential for assessing diets and feedstuffs during initial screening. These methods have accelerated our understanding of digestion and fermentation in the rumen ecosystem, contributing to the optimization of animal production and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reviews the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and standardization procedures for the current in vitro rumen fermentation methods. Overall, these methods reduce animal-to-animal variation and are faster than in vivo trials; however, their main limitations are the closed system's characteristics and inability to cover host-microbe-environment interactions. Thus, selecting the appropriate method requires careful evaluation of the investigator's aims. The in vitro batch culture (IVBC) and the ANKOM RF Gas Production System (AGPS) are valuable methods for assessing gas production and digestibility; both also measure environmental impacts, such as methane production. The rumen simulation Technique (RUSITEC) is closest to rumen conditions and could have a greater impact on long-term rumen microbiota research. On the other hand, the ANKOM DaisyII incubator is an efficient apparatus for forage digestibility determination in livestock species. Finally, we highlight guidelines to standardize and increase the robustness and reproducibility of these methods.

Inconspicuous and cryptic invertebrates are often overlooked due to taxonomic challenges associated with identifying them. This is true of an alien sea anemone known from South Africa. Originally identified as Sagartia (now Cylista) ornata (Holdsworth, 1855), the anemone was first documented in Langebaan Lagoon Marine Protected Area in 2001 and has since spread within the lagoon. In recent years, questions have been raised about the validity of the species determination. We used a combination of histology, cnidom assays, specimen dissections, and molecular analyses to evaluate the identity of specimens previously identified as C. ornata and determined that they represent a population of the European daisy anemone, Cereus pedunculatus (Pennant, 1777). This marks the first documented occurrence of C. pedunculatus outside its native range.

Seroconversion (SV) marks islet autoimmunity (IA) onset and preclinical type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet the contributions beyond T and B lymphocytes remain unclear. We evaluated DNA methylation (DNAm)-derived immune cell ratios between T1D cases and controls around SV. High-resolution immune cell-type deconvolution of peripheral blood DNAm from nested case-control samples in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY; n=151) and the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY; n=166) estimated immune cell proportions at pre-SV (the latest visit before SV) and at SV (the first visit with persistent detected autoantibodies) to construct immune cell ratios, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Linear models compared T1D cases to matched T1D controls (IA negative) at pre-SV, SV, and the change across time points. From pre-SV to SV, controls showed expected developmental increases in B-memory/naive, B-CD4T-CD8T memory/naive, and NLR, while cases failed to follow these patterns, with attenuated trajectories of 35%, 38%, and 21%, respectively. Pre-SV, cases had 15% higher NLR and 9% lower CD4T/CD8T. At SV, the combined B-CD4T-CD8T memory/naive ratio was 26% reduced in cases. These patterns may reflect increased neutrophil activation or pancreatic infiltration, altered CD4 and CD8 T cell balance, and delayed or disrupted immune maturation with the persistence or expansion of naive B and T cells or impaired transition to memory B and T subsets following antigen exposure. Our findings highlight early shifts in innate and adaptive immune cell dynamics during T1D pathogenesis and support methylation-derived immune cell ratios as potential biomarkers for risk stratification and mechanistic insight.

This pilot study investigated whether backward walking (BW) exercises could reduce toe walking behaviors (TWB) in a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and evaluated the utility of pedobarographic measurements to quantify TWB. This prospective single-case pilot study, conducted per SCRIBE guidelines, employed an A-B-A reversal design with 1-week baseline, 9-week intervention, and 1-week monitoring phases. The participant was a 41-month-old girl with ASD who exhibited TWB (pseudonym "Daisy"), and the BTS P-Walk platform was used to measure plantar surface area. Backward walking exercises were implemented on a treadmill five days per week, adapted to developmental characteristics. Data analysis included visual analysis, internal and social validity, and effect size calculations. Results showed gradual increases in plantar surface area bilaterally, suggesting a potential reduction in TWB. Preliminary findings indicated improvements for the right foot during weeks 8-9 (x̄ =42.78-42.82 cm2 vs. baseline x̄ =33.58 cm2; p = 0.009, Tau = 1, IRD = 1) the left foot (x̄ =45.22-47.28 cm2; p ≤ 0.016, Tau≥0.92, IRD ≥ 0.80), with these statistics providing supportive evidence for the observed changes. The monitoring phase indicated that improvements were maintained, albeit attenuated. Pedobarographic measurements may provide a quantitative assessment of TWB. BW exercises appeared to reduce TWB and may benefit motor development in this case. The preliminary findings derived from the single-case design limit generalizability; therefore, larger samples should be tested before making clinical recommendations. Future research should include controlled studies and examine the biomechanical analyses and muscle properties underlying the mechanisms of BW.

Revascularization for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) can salvage at-risk brain tissue, but reperfusion injury may reduce their benefits. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Dengzhanxixin (DZXX) injection in AIS patients receiving reperfusion therapy. The DAISY (Dengzhanxixin Injection for Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Reperfusion TherapY) is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-exploration clinical trial. AIS patients who received reperfusion therapy were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio: high-dose (80 mg per day) DZXX injection, low-dose (40 mg per day) DZXX injection, and placebo, for 10-14 consecutive days. The primary efficacy outcome was the proportion of participants with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score (0-1) at 90 days. The safety outcome was any adverse event within 90 days after treatment. Between September 2022 and August 2023, a total of 246 patients from 17 centers were enrolled, with 78 assigned to high-dose group, 89 to low-dose group, and 79 to placebo group. At 90-days, the proportion of participants with a mRS score of 0 or 1 was 78.21 % in high-dose, 77.53 % in low-dose, and 65.82 % in placebo (high-dose vs. placebo, OR, 1.85, 95 % CI, 0.91-3.77, P = 0.11; low-dose vs. placebo, OR, 1.75; 95 % CI, 0.88-3.48, P = 0.09). No significant differences observed in adverse events among three groups (P = 0.154). DZXX injection demonstrated a trend toward improved functional outcomes at 90-days, but the differences were not statistically significant. It would be safe for patients with AIS undergoing reperfusion therapy without increasing the risk of bleeding.

Understanding morphological and genetic variability in the segregating citrus populations is essential for effective selection and genetic improvement. In current study, 120 F₁ hybrids derived from 'Daisy' tangerine (♀) × Carrizo citrange (♂) were evaluated using integrated morphological characterization (qualitative 47 and quantitative 18 traits) and microsatellite (SSR) marker-based molecular analyses. Morphological diversity was recorded nearly in all vegetative traits, such as growth habit, branching pattern, leaf morphology, stem, and spine characteristics. Quantitative traits such as plant height, branch size, spine length, leaf chlorophyll content, and leaf biomass exhibited wide variation, high genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, and exceptionally high broad-sense heritability (94.62-99.91%) coupled with high genetic advance, indicating strong additive genetic control and suitability for phenotypic selection. Correlation analysis between genotypic and phenotypic data revealed strong positive associations among leaf size, branching traits, internodal length, stem girth, and plant height, suggesting coordinated genetic regulation of plant vigour. Multivariate analyses showed that principal components associated with vegetative vigour and leaf traits accounted for a major proportion of total morphological variation, while hierarchical clustering clearly distinguished parental groups and hybrid classes. Molecular analysis using 153 polymorphic SSR markers confirmed high genetic diversity and heterozygosity within the population. UPGMA, AMOVA, principal coordinate and STRUCTURE analyses consistently indicated extensive recombination among the hybrids and predominant genetic variation within the individuals. Overall, integrated morphological and molecular data highlight, this F₁ hybrid population as a valuable genetic resource for marker-assisted selection and QTL mapping aimed towards developing resilient citrus rootstocks.