Freshwater ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions are increasingly threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors and climate-driven temperature rise. Understanding how these stressors affect native fish species is critical for prioritizing conservation efforts and developing targeted mitigation strategies. This study investigated the stressor-specific impacts on Carasobarbus fritschii, an endemic cyprinid of North African freshwater systems, by integrating behavioral assays and stress-related gene expression analyses to inform conservation in vulnerable habitats. Sixty fish were allocated to ten treatment groups (n = 18 per group; 6 fish × 3 independent biological replicates) and exposed to pyriproxyfen, elevated salinity, or thermal stress. Behavioral responses were quantified using automated video tracking over 30-minute observation periods, and muscle tissue samples were analyzed for the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-7 (CHRNA7), and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) via RT-qPCR. Pyriproxyfen exposure induced a marked increase in locomotor activity (mean speed: 16.19 cm/s). Thermal stress enhanced exploratory behavior and promoted social aggregation (mean neighbors: 1.45), while eliciting the most pronounced molecular response: a 3-fold upregulation of NR3C1 at 36°C accompanied by consistent HSP70 upregulation across elevated temperature treatments. Salinity stress produced complex, multi-target modulation, including HSP70 upregulation, a biphasic NR3C1 response, CHRNA7 downregulation at higher salinities, and shifts in spatial distribution toward light zone occupancy. Together, the behavioral and molecular biomarker profiles revealed mechanistic signatures characteristic of each stressor. These findings underscore the differential vulnerability of endemic cyprinids to distinct anthropogenic pressures and highlight the value of stressor-specific, multi-biomarker frameworks for freshwater biodiversity conservation.
GATA transcription factors play important roles in plant development as well as light and hormone responses. Carrot is a kind of valuable root vegetable. The above-ground part of the carrot is affected by light during growth, which in turn affects the growth status of taproots. The functions of GATA factors have been characterized in several plant species. Little is known about the GATA factors in carrot biological process. In this study, 30 GATA family members were first identified in the carrot genome and classified into four subfamilies, named A-GATA, B-GATA, C-GATA, and D-GATA. C-GATA and D-GATA have specific functional motifs suggesting evolutionary conservation among plants. Predicted cis-elements of GATA factors revealed their potential hormone-responsive and light-responsive functions. Among them, B-GATA has been studied extensively and is represented by the GNC and GNL genes. There were three GNC/GNL homologs in carrot: DcGATA18, DcGATA20, and DcGATA22. Functional analysis revealed that the GNC homolog gene DcGATA20 was mainly expressed in carrot leaves, followed by petioles, and was barely detectable in taproots. Overexpression of DcGATA20 exhibited promotion of chlorophyll accumulation and increased the expression levels of DcGUN4 and DcCHLI1, along with a significant increase in expression of the transcription factor, DcGLK1, which is important for chlorophyll synthesis. In addition, the expression of the chlorophyll degradation gene DcSGR1 (STAY GREEN 1) was decreased. These results indicated that GNC genes exhibit functional conservation in carrot and may be helpful for understanding other GATA members' functions.
Despite the phenotypic diversity of animal species, the basic anatomical features, or body plan, of each animal phylum have been strictly conserved since their initial establishment in the early Cambrian. While this remarkable conservation could be explained by the conservation of the mid-embryonic phase (the developmental hourglass model) when the body plan is established, the underlying evolutionary mechanisms remained largely unclear. In this respect, recent studies have highlighted intrinsic properties in development, such as robustness, stability, and pleiotropic constraints, as potential contributors to its limitation of phenotypic diversifications. These findings suggest a potential mechanism of how phenotypic evolution is intrinsically limited or biased. In this review, potential developmental factors that contributed to the intrinsic limiting effects of animal embryogenesis against phenotypic diversification will be overviewed, with a particular focus on the general relationship between evolution and developmental processes.
With coral reefs increasingly threatened by rapid environmental changes, understanding genetic diversity at microgeographic scale is critical for assessing their capacity to respond to local stress regimes. Theory for continuous populations predicts that brooding corals with restricted dispersal should exhibit fine-scale genetic structure and isolation-by-distance, yet such patterns remain poorly resolved in marginal and environmentally extreme reef ecosystems. Here, we investigated the genetic structure of the catch bowl coral, Isopora cf. palifera, across 11 sites within ~ 14 km in Kenting National Park (KNP), southern Taiwan, a reefscape characterized by strong small-scale environmental heterogeneity, including chronic thermal influence from a nuclear power plant and tidally driven upwelling. We genotyped 466 colonies (six microsatellite loci yielding 302 unique multilocus genotypes) and sequenced nuclear PaxC 46/47-intron from 322 colonies of I. cf. palifera. Microsatellite data revealed strong genetic structure (K = 2, K = 5): principal coordinate analyses identified four geographic groupings, and Bayesian clustering (STRUCTURE) supported two major clusters separating Nanwan (plus Tantzei Bay) from the remaining coastal sites, with one site (Shiaowan) showing admixture. The PaxC marker resolved ten haplotypes, with H1 widespread, H2 concentrated along Nanwan, and H3 dominant at thermally influenced sites near the nuclear power plant outfall. Overall, populations showed high site differentiation, significant isolation-by-distance, and high self-recruitment (68-92%), indicating limited effective dispersal. A temporal comparison (2000-2015) at Tantzei Bay indicated stable genetic structure through time despite repeated regional disturbances. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models showed that site-level seawater temperature was positively associated with both host haplotype composition (GEE; coefficient = 0.0479, p < 0.001) and Symbiodiniaceae genera (GEE; coefficient = 0.0462, p < 0.001, symbiont data from a previous work in KNP), suggesting non-random host-symbiont-environment associations at microgeographic scale. Together, these results indicate that I. cf. palifera in KNP exhibits pronounced fine-scale genetic structure consistent with restricted dispersal and possible microgeographic adaptation of the holobiont to local thermal regimes. While such structuring may enhance local resilience by maintaining diverse, site-specific host-symbiont combinations, it also implies limited scope for rescue via gene flow if future warming pushes populations beyond their adapted tolerances. Our findings underscore the importance of accounting for microgeographic genetic structure and local adaptation when designing management and conservation strategies for reefscape such as those in KNP.
Acetaminophen (APAP) is frequently detected in municipal wastewater, yet its effect on heterotrophic denitrification remains insufficiently resolved. Here, Paracoccus denitrificans was exposed to 0.5 and 7.5 ppm APAP, representing lower and higher wastewater-associated levels. Little change was observed at 0.5 ppm, whereas 7.5 ppm significantly depressed denitrification, with increased NO2- accumulation, higher N2O emission, and slower bacterial growth. Intracellular ATP fell by 12.5%, and both ΔΨ and ΔpH declined, indicating impairment of proton motive force homeostasis. The upstream membrane-associated electron transport system showed no significant change, but the periplasmic denitrification electron-transfer process was strongly inhibited. Docking analysis located APAP near the proton-channel region of ATPase, and the change in ATPase activity was consistent with impaired cellular energy conservation. These results indicate that APAP restricts heterotrophic denitrification mainly through bioenergetic constraint and impaired periplasmic electron transfer. The work provides a mechanistic basis for evaluating how pharmaceutical residues may weaken biological nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment systems.
Naphthalene, a representative semi-volatile organic compound (SVOC), poses significant challenges for optical quantification due to surface adsorption and the difficulty of generating stable standards. To address these issues, a deep-ultraviolet Incoherent Broadband Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) system (mirror reflectivity >99.25%, 245-275 nm) was developed. The system achieved a detection limit of 1.3 × 10-7 cm-1 A dual-mode sampling strategy was employed to validate quantitative performance. First, steady-state saturation transpiration measurements yielded naphthalene absorption cross sections that agreed excellently with high-resolution literature data which validated the system. Second, an Integrated Absorption Spectroscopy (IAS) strategy was implemented to quantify transient pulse injections. The method demonstrated a strict linearity (R2 ≈ 0.99) between the flow integrated optical signal and injected mass. Crucially, the physical validity of the IAS framework was rigorously supported by varying the carrier gas flow rate: a slope ratio of ≈2.0 was observed when the flow rate was halved, consistent with the principle of mass conservation. This work demonstrates that the IBBCEAS-IAS framework effectively mitigates quantification errors caused by adsorption desorption hysteresis. Furthermore, the proven capability for measuring transient pulses highlights the method's potential for coupling with preconcentration desorption techniques (e.g., adsorbent tubes or cold traps) to accurately quantify the total concentration of sticky SVOCs.
African stingless bees (ASBs; Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) play important roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems, contributing significantly to pollination and biodiversity conservation. Additionally, they produce species-specific honeys, which are important as a source of income and traditional medicine. Stingless bees exhibit complex behavioral diversity, including social organization, foraging, nesting, communication, reproduction, and defense, to survive in tropical environments. Despite their ecological and economic importance, studies on ASBs behavior remain limited. Efforts have been made to describe ASBs in terms of their pollination behavior, domestication technology, nest architecture, nest sites, chemical ecology (hive product characterization), and taxonomy (using morphological, morphometric, chemical, and molecular tools). Together, these studies have revealed their unique ecology and socioeconomic relevance. We performed a systematic literature search across databases, such as Research for Life and Google Scholar, to present emerging findings and gaps in ASB taxonomy, traditional knowledge, and colony behavior (reproduction and caste determination, foraging, defense, and chemical communication).
Dioscorea opposita, a perennial dioecious vine endemic to East Asia, holds substantial economic value owing to its dual role as a source of both food and traditional medicine. In this study, we constructed a high-quality, chromosome-level reference genome for this species by integrating PacBio, BGI, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The assembled haploid genome is approximately 430.73 Mb, 94.33% of the sequences were anchored onto 20 pseudochromosomes. Our analysis confirmed that this species not only underwent a recent hexaploidization event (2n = 6x = 120), but also carried genomic signatures originating from earlier polyploidization events. We annotated 24,960 protein-coding genes, of which 93.58% were functionally annotated. Repetitive sequences accounted for 65.93% of the genome, with LTR elements being the most abundant component (48.00%). BUSCO confirmed high completeness of both the genome assembly and gene annotation. This genomic resource provides a crucial reference for studying sex determination, adaptive evolution, and genomic diversity within Dioscorea and lays a solid foundation for genetic improvement, germplasm conservation, and sustainable utilization of this key plant.
Incidental cetacean bycatch provides irreplaceable opportunities to investigate population dynamics, mortality, and health. This multidisciplinary study examined morphology, age, gut microbiome, heavy metals, and gastrointestinal polymer-related materials in an immature male Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus, 248 cm, 114 kg, 5 years) accidentally captured in the East China Sea. Morphometrics indicated excellent body condition (BCI = 0.506) and superior dorsal fin shape compared to captive individuals, highlighting the role of natural environments in development. The gut microbiome was dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, showing segment-specific variation. Heavy metals accumulated mainly as Cd in kidneys and Cu and Zn in liver, with overall levels lower than those in other Chinese marine regions. LDIR analysis indicated the presence of polymer-related materials in the gastrointestinal tract, including reported matches to polyamide and chlorinated polyethylene, which may be associated with fisheries activities. These findings provide critical baseline ecotoxicological data for the East China Sea and underscore the importance of standardized passive biomonitoring networks that transform bycatch events into valuable scientific and conservation resources.
Agricultural nitrogen (N) non-point source pollution is one of the major threats to water environmental safety. Although previous studies have shown that appropriate tillage practices can effectively reduce runoff and associated N loss, it remains unclear how N loss from sloping farmland responds to changes in microtopography and hydrological connectivity under different tillage practices. In this study, natural rainfall observations were conducted from August 2024 to August 2025 under three tillage treatments-flat tillage (FT), artificial digging (AD), and contour ridge tillage (RT)-in the red soil region of southern China. By combining high-resolution UAV-SfM topographic reconstruction with the Index of Connectivity (IC), we examined the dynamic evolution of hydrological connectivity under different tillage practices and its regulatory role in N loss. The results showed that conservation tillage treatments (AD and RT) initially disrupted hydrological flow pathways and reduced N export by >50 %; however, this mitigation effect was short-lived. Continued rainfall and the progressive attenuation of microtopography led to different IC evolution trajectories, which in turn increased N loss. Under RT, abrupt ridge failure during extreme rainfall events triggered a sharp increase in IC, causing runoff and N losses to temporarily exceed those under conventional FT. In addition, heavy rain and rainstorm events were the main drivers of system losses, contributing 36.61 %∼54.75 % of total runoff and 26.40 %∼51.34 % of total nitrogen export, respectively. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) further confirmed that IC acted as the primary mediating variable regulating N export through changes in runoff and transport intensity. These findings suggest that maintaining ridge structure after extreme rainfall events is critical to preventing abrupt increases in nitrogen loss caused by sudden shifts in structural connectivity. This study provides a theoretical basis for water and nitrogen loss control and tillage optimization on sloping farmland.
The 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (hsd17b) gene family plays a pivotal role in sex steroid metabolism and gonadal differentiation in teleosts; however, their evolutionary dynamics and regulatory mechanisms during sex reversal in the mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified ten hsd17b family members in the S. chuatsi genome. Structural and phylogenetic analyses revealed the conservation of the core SDR domain across all members, alongside significant structural divergence in hsd17b4, which uniquely fused with SCP2 and PLN domains, indicating a pleiotropic role in both steroidogenesis and peroxisomal lipid metabolism. Spatiotemporal expression profiling demonstrated pronounced subfunctionalization: hsd17b4 exhibited robust testis-biased expression during spermatogenesis, whereas hsd17b1 was transiently upregulated during critical windows of ovarian differentiation. Furthermore, exogenous hormone treatments (MT, ETO, and E1) successfully induced functional sex reversal, accompanied by profound transcriptional reprogramming. Notably, ETO- and MT-induced masculinization was driven by a synergistic metabolic shift within the gonads. This process involved the significant up-regulation of the core testis-associated gene (hsd17b4), coordinated with genes facilitating cholesterol biosynthesis (hsd17b7) and estrogen inactivation (hsd17b8), effectively suppressing the female steroidogenic network (hsd17b1, hsd17b12a). Conversely, E1-induced feminization repressed male-pathway genes and promoted hsd17b1 transcription. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the transcriptional antagonism and synergistic metabolic coordination among hsd17b members constitute the core molecular underpinning of endocrine-induced sexual plasticity. This study provides crucial molecular insights and viable targets for sex control breeding in teleost aquaculture.
We compiled and verified a comprehensive inventory dataset of communication tower infrastructure across the range of the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus), two species of conservation concern that are viewed as ecosystem health indicators for the entire sagebrush biome within the United States. Our dataset includes all known towers with emphasis on validating construction year and month for towers built between 1990-2023. The annual spatial time series format of the data allows users to visualize, assess, and download tower locations and duration (including dates of construction and dismantlement) across the sagebrush biome of the western U.S. Tower data were acquired from publicly available infrastructure databases and records were filtered to include communication tower structures within the area of interest. Data records were validated and checked for accuracy with high resolution aerial and satellite imagery, and a subset were verified during field visits. The final filtered dataset comprises 4,322 tower sites, of which 3,528 tower site locations were verified via satellite imagery or field visits, and 794 were unverified tower sites (tower presence could not be confirmed via satellite imagery). Each tower record includes geographic coordinates, structure height, estimated date of construction, number of towers at each site, and, if applicable, date of dismantlement. The data product closes spatiotemporal gaps and resolves discrepancies present in other public versions of similar data and can be used in ecological research, infrastructure planning/siting/permitting, decision support tools for biological or landscape management, environmental assessments, or general use pertaining to the historic and current locations of communication infrastructure across sagebrush ecosystems.
Climate change is rapidly altering species distributions, posing a significant threat to endemic and medicinally important plants with narrow ecological niches. We hypothesize that future climate scenarios will substantially reduce the suitable habitat of Bistorta amplexicaulis across the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. Given its medicinal significance, limited distribution, and susceptibility to climate variability and anthropogenic pressures such as overharvesting and grazing, Bistorta amplexicaulis serves as an ideal candidate to evaluate how multiple stressors may reshape species distributions under future climate scenarios. To test this, we employed an ensemble species distribution modelling (SDM) approach integrating multiple algorithms and climate datasets at global and regional scales. Our results indicate that the current distribution of B. amplexicaulis is primarily concentrated in the Western Himalaya, including Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, northern Pakistan, and northwestern Nepal, with temperature seasonality (BIO4) and precipitation seasonality (BIO15) emerging as the most influential predictors. Future projections reveal a pronounced contraction in suitable habitats, with losses ranging from 40.29% under RCP4.5 (2050) to 83.42% under RCP8.5 (2070), particularly across the western Himalayan region. However, localized habitat gains are predicted in areas such as northern Uttarakhand. Overall, our findings demonstrate a strong climate-driven redistribution of B. amplexicaulis, highlighting temperature as a critical determinant of its ecological niche. These results underscore the urgency of incorporating climate projections into conservation planning for medicinal plant species in the Himalaya.
High-elevation plants face unique challenges from potential climate change impacts that will likely require upslope migration into increasingly smaller suitable habitat. This situation is particularly acute for endemic species that by definition occupy small geographic ranges. Here we assessed climate risk for eight endemic species occurring in the Cascade Range of Washington State and modeled their ability to persist through the end of the century. For current species distributions, we utilized online georeferenced herbarium specimen and observation data from Pacific Northwest herbaria and iNaturalist. We visualized future climate impacts on current habitat space for each species using principal component analysis under two future CO2 emission levels: SSP245 and SSP585. We then applied an ensemble modeling approach using spatial data for climate, canopy cover, topography, and geology to predict future suitable habitat for each species. Our models predicted substantial habitat area losses for seven of eight species examined, with four expected to lose 99-100% of suitable habitat if CO2 emissions continue at current levels (SSP585). Under reduced CO2 emissions levels (SSP245), an average of 26.8% of the habitat area loss for each species can be abated. While our models show habitat range shifts for these species, it remains uncertain whether any species will successfully migrate into future potential suitable habitat. Habitat loss predicted in this study informs potential conservation needs. We present a repeatable modeling framework for studying climate change impacts on habitat for targeted species using publicly available distribution and environmental data.
Marine apex predators face increasing contaminant exposure, yet non-lethal assessments remain rare. Here, we quantify essential, toxic, and technology-critical elements, including rare earth elements (REEs), in freeze-dried whole blood of two shark species (Carcharhinus obscurus and Carcharhinus plumbeus) sampled in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), we describe multi-element concentration profiles and inter-individual variability in shark whole blood. Elemental profiles differed between species under the sampled demographic structure. Sulfur and lithium were detected at relatively high concentrations, while PAAS-normalized REE patterns were broadly similar between species, characterized by low normalized values for light and middle REEs and comparatively higher normalized values for the heaviest measured element. This study represents one of the few reports of REEs in shark blood and highlights whole-blood elemental profiling as a minimally invasive approach for contaminant surveillance in threatened marine predators. The data provide baseline information to support future monitoring and non-lethal ecotoxicological studies in vulnerable coastal ecosystems.
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (Tiepi Shihu), a yin-nourishing tonic in traditional Chinese medicine, has been historically used for health maintenance and longevity promotion. We evaluated the anti-aging effects of D. officinale whole powder (DOP) and a non-polysaccharide fraction (DOE) and explored underlying mechanisms focusing on conserved PI3K-AKT signaling. Network pharmacology was applied to predict aging-related targets and enriched pathways. Anti-aging activity was assessed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and female flies (Drosophila melanogaster) using lifespan and healthspan assays, a high-sugar diet challenge, and pathway readouts via qRT-PCR and Western blotting. In RAW264.7 macrophages, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 were used to evaluate pathway dependence. Network pharmacology identified 355 overlapping targets, enriched in PI3K-AKT, MAPK, Ras, and HIF-1 pathways. We found that dihydroconiferyl alcohol, homovanillyl alcohol, and taxifolin extended yeast lifespan, and these effects were abolished in yeast mutants defective in key aging-related genes. In flies, DOP extended female lifespan, improved climbing performance, and mitigated high-sugar diet-induced lifespan loss and hyperglycemia, accompanied by reduced AKT phosphorylation under dietary stress and enhanced FOXO-associated responses. DOE also extended lifespan, increased AKT/S6K phosphorylation and reduced FOXO in flies. D. officinale was associated with context-dependent modulation of innate immune-related gene expression. However, DOE suppressed AKT activity and increased FOXO in RAW264.7 cells; co-treatment with MK-2206 abolished DOE-induced changes. D. officinale exerts anti-aging effects in yeast and Drosophila models, while mammalian macrophages support a mechanistic role for context-dependent PI3K-AKT signaling regulation. Its distinct fractions act in a context-dependent manner, with AKT serving as a central regulatory node and FOXO-associated responses, supporting its ethnopharmacological use as a longevity-promoting herb.
Lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs) dephosphorylate lipid phosphates to regulate signaling and metabolism. Among the three mammalian isoforms, LPP1, LPP2, and LPP3, LPP2 has been strongly associated with cancer, making it a potential therapeutic target. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its structural organization, substrate recognition, and catalysis remain elusive. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of human LPP2 (hLPP2). hLPP2 assembles as a homo-tetramer, with phosphatidylcholine bound in the substrate pocket. The tetrameric arrangement provides a structural basis for LPP oligomerization. The wide, open-ended substrate pocket explains the enzyme's broad substrate specificity. Structural comparison with PAP2 family members, including hG6PC1 and ecPgpB, suggests a conserved catalytic mechanism and highlights the regulatory role of residue E159 in stabilizing the catalytic center and phosphate release. Collectively, these findings advance our understanding of the structural basis and enzymatic mechanism of LPPs and may provide insights for the development of novel cancer therapies.
The severe gag reflex (SGR) is an involuntary protective response to foreign substances. SGR presents a significant obstacle to the provision of standard dental care. This retrospective case series study evaluates the clinical outcomes and the feasibility of low-dose (2.5 mg) intranasal midazolam administration on SGR control in uncooperative patients with Gagging Severity Index 5. This retrospective study includes patients who could not receive endodontic treatment due to the severe gag reflex and were referred for general anesthesia. Data from 13 adult patients, one of whom had an intellectual disability, were used. A fixed low-dose (2.5 mg) of intranasal midazolam was administered under the control of an anesthesiologist. Clinical monitoring (vital signs) focused on respiratory effort, skin color, and the maintenance of verbal commands. Endodontic treatment was started with local anesthesia approximately 10 minutes after 2.5 mg midazolam administration, averaging 40 minutes per session. All patients remained conscious, responsive to verbal commands, and cooperative during treatment. One patient received intranasal saline as an ad-hoc clinical observation, but midazolam was later administered due to persistent gagging. SGR was effectively managed in all patients during initial and ongoing sessions of endodontic treatment without side effects. All necessary dental procedures, including root canal treatment and restorations, were performed comfortably. A conservative 2.5 mg dose of intranasal midazolam can safely control severe gag reflex in adult patients during long and complex dental procedures, such as endodontic treatment. Also, it is a practical, less invasive alternative to general anesthesia.
The formation of xylem vessels depends on a balance between transcription factors SACLs and LHW, whose translation is controlled by thermospermine. A recent study shows that a conserved rRNA methylation by OVERACHIEVER enables thermospermine binding, allowing ribosomes to oppositely regulate SACL and LHW translation to direct plant xylem cell fate.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7715, isolated from Korean kimchi, has been previously reported to overproduce riboflavin in vitro and in vivo, indicating its functional potential as a probiotic candidate. Given this characteristic, a comprehensive safety and genomic evaluation is required prior to application. In this study, we assessed the safety, genomic stability, and probiotic-related properties of HY7715 through whole-genome sequencing, comparative genomics, and phenotypic analyses. The genome (3,348,486 bp; 44.29% GC content) was assembled into seven contigs and encoded 3,224 protein-coding sequences, of which 2,933 functionally annotated. No virulence factors or acquired antimicrobial resistance genes were detected, and mobile genetic elements did not harbor undesirable determinants. Although phenotypic resistance to kanamycin was observed, the absence of corresponding resistance genes indicates intrinsic resistance. HY7715 also exhibited γ-hemolysis and lacked genes associated with cytotoxic secondary metabolites or biogenic amine production. The rib operon was identified in the genome, and in silico analysis of the FMN riboswitch region revealed a unique nucleotide substitution potentially affecting regulatory conformation, which may contribute to the riboflavin-overproducing phenotype. Comparative pangenome analysis of 60 L. plantarum genomes revealed that HY7715 shares a conserved genomic backbone dominated by core and soft-core genes. Genes associated with stress tolerance, adhesion, carbohydrate utilization, and bacteriocin production were identified, consistent with probiotic-related traits. Collectively, these findings indicate that HY7715 is a genomically stable and safe strain with regulatory features supporting its functional probiotic potential.