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Arboviruses constitute a major global public health concern, particularly in countries with fragile healthcare systems. However, data on arbovirus circulation remain fragmented and under-analysed. This study aimed to document the historical and current circulation of arboviruses in Guinea and propose public health strategies to enhance surveillance, prevention, and control. We compiled reports of arbovirus-related human epidemics in Guinea from 2000 to 2024, drawing information from Guinea's weekly epidemiological bulletins, as well as from the World Health Organization's Weekly Bulletin on Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, the Africa CDC's Weekly Event-Based Surveillance Report, and the Annual Global Yellow Fever Update reports. In addition, a literature review was conducted to identify studies on arboviruses involving arboviruses in humans, vectors, and animals. Between 2000 and 2024, multiple and simultaneous arboviral outbreaks were reported by surveillance systems, involving three arboviruses: yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). YFV outbreaks were the most recurrent, with 947 confirmed cases and 284 deaths, corresponding to a case fatality rate of 30%. Moreover, 17 studies documented the circulation of several arboviruses in humans, vectors, and animals, including DENV, YFV, CHIKV, Zika virus (ZIKV), and West Nile (WNV). Novel viruses such as Kindia virus, Forécariah virus, and Kolente virus have also been identified. Serological evidence in human reported IgM seroprevalence ranging from 1.2% to 14.7% for ZIKV, 4.3% to 12.2% for YFV, and 0.6% to 2.1% for DENV. Additionally, other studies were also reported IgM seroprevalence of 23.4% for WNV, 17.0% for CHIKV, and 10.6% for TAHV. Concerning IgG serology, the studies reported seroprevalences ranging from 12.9% to 51.7% for CHIKV, 27.0% to 34.0% for WNV, 11.8% to 25.2% for DENV, and 2.2% to 3.0% for CCHFV. Furthermore, IgG seroprevalences of 28.5% for YFV and 5.5% for BATV were reported. This study highlights the circulation of several arboviruses in Guinea across human, vector animal populations. The results suggest that public health efforts should focus on community engagement, strengthened entomological and epidemiological surveillance, and multisectoral and international collaboration, to anticipate, prevent, and control future arbovirus-related epidemics.

In 2023, a significant increase in the number of pertussis cases was recorded in Poland, which is consistent with the trend of a resurgence of respiratory diseases observed across Europe following the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase is related to factors such as declining population immunity, delays in vaccinations, and diagnostic difficulties, particularly in adults and adolescents. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland in 2023 compared to the situation in previous years, with particular emphasis on assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessing the vaccination status of children against pertussis. The assessment of the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland was made based on the results of the analysis of individual reports on pertussis cases registered at the National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute in the EpiBaza system and data from the annual bulletins "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland" and the bulletin "Vaccinations in Poland in 2023". In 2023, 922 cases of pertussis were recorded. The incidence was 2.45/100,000, which was 150% higher than in 2022. The highest incidence of pertussis occurred in children aged 0-4 years (17.3/100,000), and high in children aged 5-9 years (7.6/100,000). Approximately 45% of cases occurred in people over 15 years of age. In 2023, the number of pertussis cases in Poland increased more than 2.5-fold compared to the previous year, which is due, among other things, to the complete lifting of pandemic restrictions and an increase in social contacts. Pertussis remains a significant public health threat, and waning post-vaccination immunity promotes transmission, especially among adolescents and adults, who can infect infants. W 2023 roku w Polsce odnotowano istotny wzrost liczby zachorowań na krztusiec, co wpisuje się w obserwowany w całej Europie trend nawrotu chorób układu oddechowego po pandemii COVID-19. Wzrost ten jest związany m.in. ze spadkiem odporności populacyjnej, opóźnieniami w szczepieniach oraz trudnościami w diagnostyce, zwłaszcza u dorosłych i młodzieży. Celem pracy była ocena sytuacji epidemiologicznej krztuśca w Polsce w 2023 r. w porównaniu z sytuacją w ubiegłych latach, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem oceny wpływu pandemii COVID-19 oraz oceny stanu zaszczepienia dzieci przeciw krztuścowi. Ocena sytuacji epidemiologicznej krztuśca w Polsce została wykonana na podstawie wyników analizy raportów jednostkowych o zachorowaniach na krztusiec zarejestrowanych w NIZP PZH – PIB w systemie EpiBaza oraz danych z biuletynów rocznych „Choroby zakaźne i zatrucia w Polsce” oraz biuletynu „Szczepienia ochronne w Polsce w 2023 r.”. W 2023 r. zarejestrowano 922 zachorowań na krztusiec. Zapadalność wynosiła 2,45 /100 tys. i była wyższa o 150% w porównaniu z zapadalnością w roku 2022. Najwyższa zapadalność na krztusiec wystąpiła u dzieci w grupie wieku 0-4 lata (17,3/100 tys.), a wysoka u dzieci w wieku 5-9 lat (7,6/100 tys.). Około 45% zachorowań dotyczyło osób powyżej 15 r.ż. W 2023 roku w Polsce liczba zachorowań na krztusiec wzrosła ponad 2,5-krotnie w porównaniu z rokiem poprzednim, co wiąże się m.in. z całkowitym zniesieniem ograniczeń pandemicznych i wzrostem liczby kontaktów społecznych. Krztusiec pozostaje istotnym zagrożeniem zdrowia publicznego, a wygasająca odporność poszczepienna sprzyja transmisji, zwłaszcza wśród młodzieży i dorosłych, którzy mogą zakażać niemowlęta. Najwyższą zapadalność odnotowano wśród dzieci w wieku 0-4 lat. Najbardziej narażone na ciężki przebieg i zgon są niemowlęta poniżej 6 miesiąca życia.

Fetal heart rate surveillance is a standard component of intrapartum care. The fetal heart rate can be evaluated using intermittent auscultation or electronic fetal monitoring. Research that has compared these 2 strategies found them to be equivalent with respect to long-term neonatal outcomes. The purpose of this clinical bulletin by the American College of Nurse-Midwives is to review evidence for the use of intermittent auscultation and provide recommendations for intermittent auscultation technique, interpretation, and documentation.

Jacoby et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10, 638-644, 2003) reported that, in Stroop tasks, stimuli that more frequently involve targets combined with a congruent distractor (e.g., the word RED in the color red) produce larger Stroop effects than stimuli that more frequently involve targets combined with an incongruent distractor (e.g., RED in green). This pattern suggests that adaptive control can be item-specific in addition to item-nonspecific, and reactive in addition to proactive (although this conclusion has been challenged). This adaptive-control process has often been assumed to be driven by the conflict associated with incongruent stimuli; however, the typical experimental manipulations investigating this issue allow the facilitation associated with congruent stimuli to also play a role. Here, we modified those manipulations in order to focus exclusively on conflict, removing any impact of congruency facilitation, by contrasting targets presented with either neutral (letter strings) or incongruent distractors. Neutral stimuli were presented more frequently than incongruent ones in the Mostly-Neutral (MN) condition and vice versa in the Mostly-Incongruent (MI) condition. Paralleling the original pattern, Stroop interference was larger in the MN condition, suggesting that item-specific conflict frequency can be used to adapt attention accordingly. Importantly, this effect was replicated after experimentally controlling for stimulus frequency, a confound that was found to explain part, but not all, of the general pattern. These results support Jacoby et al.'s claims that (a) control can be adapted in an item-specific fashion and (b) conflict plays a key role in that process.

This study aimed to identify predictors for maternal morbidity among individuals categorized as low-risk for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) according to American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) Practice Bulletin (no.: 183). A retrospective cohort study of all singleton births between March 2020 and February 2022 at a Level IV maternity center. Individuals deemed at medium- or high-risk for PPH according to the ACOG risk stratification and those with missing data were excluded from the main analysis. Individuals with the composite maternal hemorrhagic outcome (CMHO) were compared with those without. Variables previously associated with maternal morbidity yet absent from the ACOG stratification were examined as potential predictors of the CMHO. Possible predictors were identified using a multivariable logistic regression and further assessed with a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Out of 8,623 deliveries, 3,472 (40.3%) met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 175 (5.0%) had a CMHO. Individuals with the composite outcome were older, had a higher body mass index, and had higher rates of Hispanic race/ethnicity, diabetes, postterm pregnancy, scheduled cesarean delivery, and neonatal birth weight ≥ 4,000 g. The combination of ≥ 2 risk factors among low-risk patients, present in 16%, was associated with a similar CMHO rate compared with those at medium PPH risk by the ACOG criteria. The combined presence of ≥ 4 factors was associated with a CMHO rate of 36% and yielded a 10.47 positive likelihood ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.55-30.90). The area under the curve for the ROC curve of the final model was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.62-0.65). Among low-risk PPH patients, several risk factors with low predictive value flagged roughly one out of six with morbidity similar to medium risk. · Five percent of individuals categorized as low-risk for PPH have hemorrhagic morbidity.. · Several predictors of morbidity were identified.. · Low-risk patients with ≥ 2 predictors had similar morbidity to patients with a moderate PPH risk..

In 2023 there was a significant increase in the number of syphilis cases in Poland, more than 50% new cases were reported compare to previous year. There is still a problem with the clinical differentiation of reported cases, i.e. new infections, reinfections, and residual positive serological tests confirming the presence of antibodies against Treponema pallidum in previously successfully treated individuals. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of syphilis cases in Poland in 2023 in comparison to previous years. Analysis of the epidemiological situation was based on case-based data from reports of newly detected syphilis cases received from doctors and laboratories and registered in 2023 year. Additionally aggregated data from MZ-56 reports on infectious diseases, infections and poisoning from 2017 to 2019 sent from Sanitary Inspections to NIPH NIH - NRI was used. Also, data about treatment patients in dermatology/venereology clinics in 2020-2023 reported on MZ-14 forms and published in the NIPH NIH - NRI bulletins were used. In 2023, in Poland, 2,968 syphilis cases were reported (diagnosis rate was 7.89 per 100,000 population), including 130 cases among non-Polish citizens. The most often syphilis cases were detected among people below 30 years old (37.1%) and among men (88.1%). In 2023, early syphilis (ICD-10 code: A51) consisted 36.0% of all cases reported to surveillance (1,068 cases) and other syphilis and undetermined (ICD-10 code: A53) consisted 60.6% (1,799 cases). In 2023, the number of reported syphilis cases increased more than by half compared to the previous year. The percentage of cases of early syphilis (the most infectious), which probably occurred in a short period of time, also remains high, what can influence on transmission this infection in population and lead to increase in the number of new cases. W 2023 roku nastąpił znaczny wzrost liczby przypadków kiły w Polsce, zgłoszono o ponad 50% więcej przypadków niż w roku poprzednim. Nadal pozostaje problemem rozróżnienie kliniczne zgłaszanych przypadków tj. nowych zakażeń, reinfekcji, oraz pozostałości dodatnich testów serologicznych potwierdzających obecność przeciwciał w kierunku Treponema pallidum u osób wcześniej skutecznie leczonych. Celem pracy była ocena sytuacji epidemiologicznej kiły w Polsce w roku 2023 w porównaniu z poprzednimi latami. Ocenę sytuacji epidemiologicznej przeprowadzono na podstawie zgłoszeń przypadków kiły zarejestrowanych w roku 2023 pochodzących od lekarzy i z laboratoriów. Wykorzystano również zagregowane dane ze sprawozdań o zachorowaniach na choroby zakaźne, zakażeniach i zatruciach MZ-56 (meldunki dwutygodniowe, kwartalne, roczne) za lata 2017-2019 przekazane przez Państwową Inspekcję Sanitarną do NIZP PZH – PIB oraz dane ze sprawozdań MZ-14 o leczonych w poradniach skórno-wenerologicznych, publikowane w biuletynach NIZP PZH – PIB za lata 2020-2023. W 2023 roku w Polsce zgłoszono 2 968 przypadków kiły (wskaźnik rozpoznań 7,89 na 100 000 mieszkańców), w tym 130 u obcokrajowców. Najwięcej przypadków stwierdzono u osób poniżej 30 r.ż. (37,1%) oraz mężczyzn (88,1%). W 2023 roku kiła wczesna (ICD-10: A51) stanowiła 36,0% wszystkich rozpoznań kiły zgłoszonych do nadzoru (1 068 przypadków), a kiła inna i nieokreślona (ICD-10: A53) 60,6% (1 799 przypadków). W 2023 roku liczba zgłoszeń przypadków kiły zwiększyła się o ponad połowę w porównaniu z poprzednim rokiem. Na wysokim poziomie pozostawał również odsetek przypadków kiły wczesnej (najbardziej zakaźnej), co może mieć wpływ na rozprzestrzenianie się zakażeń w populacji i wzrost liczby nowych przypadków.

In the absence of inter-word spaces, Chinese readers rely on other available information for word segmentation. An earlier study demonstrated that the valence of words influences word segmentation (Huang et al., Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 31 (4), 1548-1557, 2024). The current study further investigated the influence of arousal, another key dimension of emotion, on Chinese word segmentation. We first re-analyzed the segmentation results from Huang et al.'s study and found that arousal had an independent effect on Chinese word segmentation. In the experimental study, we manipulated the arousal levels of words while keeping valence at a neutral level. The results provide evidence that the arousal of words can affect Chinese word segmentation, with higher-arousal words being more likely to be segmented than low-arousal words. Moreover, our findings are also essential for understanding the impact of arousal on word processing and suggest that it impacts the early stage of activating a word's representation.

Over the years, India has experienced numerous rainfall-triggered landslides that initiate complex multi-hazard events, resulting in substantial human loss. This study presents a graph-based risk assessment of multi-hazards for two case studies in India: The South Lhonak Lake Glacial Lake Outburst Flood which impacted North Sikkim in October 2023 and the Wayanad Landslides in July 2024, which collectively claimed over 600 lives. This is achieved through a multidimensional methodology which integrates dynamic rainfall and discharge thresholds, stakeholder-informed hazard sequences, spatiotemporal hazard progression, and elements at risk. Heterogeneous data sources including remote sensing, field surveys, hydro-meteorological observations, and gray literature such as government reports and official situation bulletins, are synthesized to construct weighted, directed hazard networks. Graph-theory metrics, including degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and cascade depth, are used to compute sub-basin-level risk scores. Results highlighted critical sequences present in both regions, particularly the transition from extreme rainfall to landslides and subsequent flooding. Also, they identified high-risk zones influenced by both topography and infrastructure exposure. The findings emphasize the need for real-time threshold monitoring and alert systems, hazard-sequence-based operational protocols, and spatiotemporally phased response planning to support coordinated evacuations and early warning. The proposed framework offers actionable guidance for dynamic risk monitoring and multi-hazard governance in vulnerable mountain ecosystems.

Snow avalanches pose a serious hazard in snow-covered, mountainous areas. In order to protect inhabited areas and infrastructure such as roads and railway lines, avalanche protection measures need to be taken. In addition to permanent, technical protection measures, temporary, organizational measures, which are based on risk assessments by local avalanche warning commissions, are utilized. These avalanche risk assessments rely on regional avalanche bulletins, weather forecasts, local expertise, and information on current snowpack conditions. Our research seeks to enhance knowledge of current snowpack and avalanche conditions by providing in situ monitoring of potential avalanche slopes. Therefore, we developed a novel sensor box array, peakr, consisting of multiple sensor units deployed by hand or by drone at key avalanche slope locations throughout the winter season. The sensors continuously measure temperature, humidity, position, and snowpack movement. Data are transmitted via LoRaWAN and GSM, stored locally, and accessed through a web platform. Automated analysis using a decision tree and event-detection algorithm triggers immediate alerts to responsible personnel via SMS and email. This paper presents an overview of the peakr sensor array and web platform, focusing on data analysis and avalanche events from the Arlberg ski resort in winter 2023/2024, supported by webcam time-lapse validation.

The National Cancer Database (NCDB) captures 73.7% of newly diagnosed cancers in the United States and underpins thousands of outcomes studies informing oncologic practice. To remain relevant amid rapid therapeutic and policy changes, the NCDB has undergone substantial structural and variable-level revisions. We characterized major updates over the past decade and their implications for research. We performed a narrative review of annual NCDB data dictionary revisions, American College of Surgeons bulletins, and internal program updates in collaboration with NCDB leadership. Structural modifications, variable additions, and policy changes affecting data capture, follow-up, staging, and accessibility were systematically summarized. The NCDB now includes data from 1,413 Commission on Cancer-accredited hospitals and more than 55 million records. Since 2020, the Rapid Cancer Reporting System enables near-real-time monthly submissions. Embargo periods were reduced from 5 years to 3 years for survival data and 2 years for other variables, increasing analytic timeliness. Follow-up was limited to 15 years beginning January 1, 2022. Variable refinements include continuous tumor size in millimeters (since 2016), separation of tumor grade into clinical, pathologic, and post-therapy fields (since 2018), phased radiation treatment reporting (since 2018), and AJCC 8 th edition staging implementation in January 2018 with 9 th edition rollout ongoing. New data elements include Medicaid expansion status (2020), COVID-19 variables (2020-2021; 12.4% reduction in cases in 2020), smoking status (2023), and planned PD-L1 reporting for non-small cell lung cancer beginning in 2025. The NCDB has evolved toward more granular, contemporary, and policy-relevant data capture while maintaining broad national coverage. Investigators must account for staging transitions, variable maturation, follow-up limits, and registry-specific biases to ensure valid interpretation of NCDB-based research.

The ideal approach to safely reduce the rising rates of cesarean deliveries (CDs) is unknown. The authors evaluated the impact of a multifaceted quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed at curbing the rising trend in the institutional nulliparous term singleton vertex (NTSV) CD rate at an urban, academic, safety-net hospital. The primary intervention was a biweekly interdisciplinary educational meeting, wherein NTSV CD cases were reviewed and audited. In addition, an educational bulletin, NTSV score cards, labor position training, and efforts to promote guideline adherence were introduced. The research team examined the institutional NTSV CD rates by quarters and evaluated the trend, modeling the probability of a CD for the pre- and postintervention periods using logistic regression, with time as an ordinal variable. The authors also examined cesarean indications as well as maternal and neonatal complications before and after the QI implementation. There was a trend toward a decrease in CDs during the postintervention period, falling from 32.9% to 26.3% in the 12 months following implementation. Using an interrupted time series analysis to assess differences in trends, the trend before intervention was +2.63% per quarter (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.30-3.03, p < 0.001), while the change in trend postintervention was -3.78% per quarter (95% CI -4.74 to -2.81, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.973). This suggests an increasing trend prior to intervention that was effectively reversed. Both maternal and neonatal complications rates remained comparable between pre- and postintervention periods for those who had NTSV CDs. Multifaceted strategies incorporating interactive case review meetings can lead to practice change and may be a feasible strategy to reduce an institutional NTSV CD rate.

The unsatisfactory percentage for ThinPrep Pap Tests (TPPT) at our institution reached the 75th percentile (2.7%) benchmark established by the College of American Pathologists (CAP). Our aim was to identify outliers by analysis of data, provide education and feedback, and establish a system to monitor outcomes. The laboratory information system (LIS) was queried for TPPT cases diagnosed as 'Non-diagnostic' between April and June 2022. Two hundred and thirty-two cases were identified and reviewed by 2 cytopathologists and 1 cytotechnologist to identify limiting factors, including cellularity, blood, lubricant, inflammation, and mucus. The percentage of unsatisfactory TPPT was evaluated for both clinicians and clinics and stratified into peer groups based on total TPPT collected. The two clinics with the highest unsatisfactory percentage in a peer group of >&#x2009;500 TPPT collected were identified. A LIS report was created to improve efficiency in future data collection. Low cellularity was a limiting factor in 100% of cases, blood in 51.7% (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;120), lubricant in 18.5% (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;43), inflammation in 13.8% (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;32), and mucus in 3.9% (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;9), with multiple factors possible per case. Twenty clinics collected >&#x2009;500 TPPT for FY2022. Two clinics (1 resident-led clinic) had an unsatisfactory percentage >&#x2009;3%, for which to target interventions. Clinic 1 had an unsatisfactory percentage of 6.1% (62/1018), and clinic 2 was 3.5% (21/608). To address limiting factors, a laboratory bulletin with best practices for TPPT collection and a list of Hologic TPPT approved lubricants was sent to each clinic. Statistics of unsatisfactory TPPT were provided. The highest unsatisfactory TPPT clinics received Hologic educational materials and an educational session. The resolution of laboratory quality issues requires investigations, often laborious in nature. In an era of staffing shortages, an effective LIS is essential to efficiently investigate and resolve quality variances. TPPT data via LIS reports were reviewed at 3&#x2009;months and 1-year post-intervention implementation to evaluate outcomes.

The 2025 measles outbreak in Mexico (5741 cases) marked a severe decline in immunization resilience. We aimed to measure this systemic vulnerability and project 2026 coverage. A Bayesian Ridge Regression model was built using a high-resolution (2015-2025) dataset (WHO indicator WHS8_110 and national bulletins). To validate the model, Leave-One-Out Cross Validation and Bootstrap (n = 5000) methods were used. Our results project a MCV1 vaccine coverage of 85.41% (95% confidence interval: 64.45-100.00%) for 2026, which remains below the 95% herd immunity threshold. High postpandemic volatility limited the model's predictive performance (R&#xb2; = -0.36), reflecting an atypical deviation from historical trends. Prior coverage (89.59%) is the primary driver, while outbreak load and crisis status (10.41% combined) trigger the projected downturn. This indicates a delayed immunization recovery where past performance no longer reliably dictates the future due to logistical saturation. The immunization system of Mexico has reached a state of prolonged vulnerability, and there is an urgent need for structural reinvestments and catch-up campaigns to prevent the re-establishment of endemic measles transmission.

Prion diseases (PrD) are a group of rapidly progressive dementias. Among its subtypes, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is the most common, affecting around 1-2 individuals per million inhabitants yearly. In 2005, Brazil's Ministry of Health (MH) initiated a surveillance program for CJD, creating a protocol to report the cases. Despite advances, the MH still struggles to make a reliable database to determine PrD profile in Brazil. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to understand the Brazilian PrD surveillance system. This is a retrospective and descriptive study based on the epidemiological records of CJD surveillance from 2005 to 2021 in the Ministry of Health's Epidemiological Bulletin published in 2022. 1,576 suspected cases of CJD were reported, concentrated in the Southeast, South and Northeast regions of Brazil. Among the notifications, the following age groups predominated: 55-74 years (60.2%), 45-54 years (15%), and 75-85 years (11.8%). Suspected cases were mainly represented by women (53.6%), white individuals (61.4%), and residents of urban areas (90%). 547 cases (34.7%) were confirmed based on the following confirmation criteria: laboratory (65.6%), clinical-epidemiological (29.4%), and not informed (4.9%). In this period, the expected number of cases for the Brazilian population would be 3,200. Additionally to underreporting, the data shared by MH is limited due to the use of a database destined to mainly observe epidemic outbreaks and mismatches between official documents. Despite some progress since 2005, PrD surveillance in Brazil faces significant problems, due to the inaccurate treatment of these data and the lack of a specific database for CJD.

Salmonellosis is a foodborne bacterial disease caused by Salmonella spp. (excluding S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi) and remains a significant public health concern in Poland and worldwide. According to the CDC, the true burden of infection may be substantially underestimated. In 2023, the epidemiological situation in Poland returned to pre-COVID-19 levels, reaching some of the highest values observed in recent years. The aim of this article is to present and compare the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2023 with that observed in previous years. The analysis was based on individual case data on salmonellosis, data on foodborne disease outbreaks reported to the EpiBaza and ROE systems, bulletins and articles published by the National Institute of Public Health NIH NIPH - PIB, scientific publications, data from the ECDC website, and data from the Central Statistical Office (GUS). In 2023, 10,348 cases of salmonellosis were reported in Poland, with an incidence rate of 27.4 per 100,000 population; 61.7% of cases required hospitalization. The predominant serotype was Salmonella Enteritidis (71%). A total of 1,220 foodborne outbreaks were recorded, including 396 salmonellosis outbreaks, with 147 imported cases. Nineteen deaths due to Salmonella infection were reported. In 2023, Poland accounted for 13% of all reported salmonellosis cases in the EU, with an incidence rate higher than the EU average and comparable to pre-COVID-19 levels. The proportion of imported infections remained low, with Turkey most frequently identified as the country of origin in both Poland and the EU. Monitoring imported cases is important due to the risk of introducing rarely isolated serotypes. Notably, an outbreak caused by the rare serotype Salmonella Agama, affecting over 30 individuals, was identified against the background of dominant Salmonella Enteritidis infections in Poland. Salmoneloza to bakteryjna choroba zaka&#x17a;na wywo&#x142;ywana przez pa&#x142;eczki z rodzaju Salmonella (inne ni&#x17c; S. Typhi i S. Paratyphi), przenoszona drog&#x105; pokarmow&#x105; lub przez kontakt z zaka&#x17c;onymi osobami, zwierz&#x119;tami lub ich odchodami. Choroba od lat istotnie wp&#x142;ywa na zdrowie publiczne w Polsce i na &#x15b;wiecie. Wed&#x142;ug CDC rzeczywista liczba zaka&#x17c;e&#x144; mo&#x17c;e by&#x107; nawet 30-krotnie wy&#x17c;sza ni&#x17c; liczba zg&#x142;oszona w systemach nadzoru. W 2023 r. sytuacja epidemiologiczna salmoneloz w Polsce powr&#xf3;ci&#x142;a do poziom&#xf3;w sprzed pandemii COVID-19, osi&#x105;gaj&#x105;c jedne z najwy&#x17c;szych warto&#x15b;ci w ostatnich kilkunastu latach. Artyku&#x142; ma na celu przedstawienie i por&#xf3;wnanie sytuacji epidemiologicznej salmoneloz w Polsce w 2023 roku z latami wcze&#x15b;niejszymi. Analiz&#x119; przeprowadzono na podstawie jednostkowych danych o zachorowaniach na salmonelozy, danych dotycz&#x105;cych ognisk chor&#xf3;b przenoszonych drog&#x105; pokarmow&#x105; wprowadzonych do systemu EpiBaza i ROE, biuletyn&#xf3;w i artyku&#x142;&#xf3;w NIZP PZH &#x2013; PIB, artyku&#x142;&#xf3;w naukowych, danych ze strony ECDC i danych GUS. W 2023 r. w Polsce zarejestrowano 10&#x202f;348 przypadk&#xf3;w salmoneloz, w tym 9&#x202f;856 jelitowych i 492 pozajelitowe; hospitalizacji wymaga&#x142;o 61,7% chorych. Wska&#x17a;nik zapadalno&#x15b;ci wyni&#xf3;s&#x142; 27,4/100&#x202f;tys. ludno&#x15b;ci, najwy&#x17c;szy w woj. podkarpackim (52,5/100&#x202f;tys.), najni&#x17c;szy w zachodniopomorskim (12,2/100&#x202f;tys.). Dominuj&#x105;cym serotypem by&#x142;a Salmonella Enteritidis (71%). Odnotowano 1&#x202f;220 ognisk zatru&#x107; pokarmowych, w tym 396 salmonelozowych; zaka&#x17c;enia importowane stanowi&#x142;y 147 przypadk&#xf3;w. W wyniku zaka&#x17c;enia pa&#x142;eczkami z rodzaju Salmonella zmar&#x142;o 19 os&#xf3;b. W 2023 r. Polska odpowiada&#x142;a za 13% wszystkich zg&#x142;oszonych przypadk&#xf3;w salmonelozy w UE, a wska&#x17a;nik zapadalno&#x15b;ci by&#x142; wyra&#x17a;nie wy&#x17c;szy od &#x15b;redniej unijnej, powracaj&#x105;c do poziom&#xf3;w sprzed pandemii COVID-19 i osi&#x105;gaj&#x105;c jedne z najwy&#x17c;szych warto&#x15b;ci w ostatnich kilkunastu latach. Odsetek zaka&#x17c;e&#x144; importowanych pozostawa&#x142; niski, a Turcja by&#x142;a najcz&#x119;&#x15b;ciej wskazywanym krajem &#x17a;r&#xf3;d&#x142;owym tak&#x17c;e w UE. Monitorowanie przypadk&#xf3;w importowanych jest istotne ze wzgl&#x119;du na mo&#x17c;liwo&#x15b;&#x107; zawlekania rzadko izolowanych serotyp&#xf3;w. Na tle dominuj&#x105;cego serotypu Salmonella Enteritidis w Polsce uwag&#x119; zwraca&#x142;o ognisko wywo&#x142;ane przez rzadko izolowany serotyp Salmonella Agama, obejmuj&#x105;ce ponad 30 os&#xf3;b.