共找到 20 条结果
Modern Eye Banking had its start in the mid-1940's. However, it was not until the 1960's that eye banking grew to become a movement or even a necessary part of the health care delivery system in the state of Alabama. The Alabama Eye Bank has grown rapidly to become one of the largest corneal processing networks in the United States. Corneal transplant surgery remains highly successful in restoring sight. The contraindications for donor tissue should be clarified to all physicians and other health care professionals. The public should be make aware of the vision care available to them in the state of Alabama. The general public should be aware of how to become a pre-pledged eye donor, of research, teaching and transplantable tissue and also how they can be assured that their wishes are carried out at the time of their demise. Even with scheduled transplant surgery for all Alabamians, the need for the general public and medical professionals to be oriented and educated towards multi-organ and tissue donations is important.
The story that follows attempts to chronicle the history of one state's involvement with the Heart Disease, Cancer and Stroke Amendments of 1965, subsequently known as Regional Medical Programs. It is a history of an enterprise fraught with problems, but energized by the will, skill and imagination of scores of public officials and citizens who, over the decade of the program's formal existence, bent every effort to insure the realization of its fundamental purpose: putting the best, most advanced medical knowledge within the reach of the greatest number of citizens. The following is a chronicle of the Alabama Regional Medical Program.
The trustees of the Eye Foundation, Inc. and the Eye Foundation Hospital constitute an independent institution, which is associated with the University of Alabama at Birmingham only in research and resident training. Clarence Blair is the Chairman of the Foundation Board. Harold Skalka, M.D., F.A.C.S., is the Chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology, and his offices are in the Eye Foundation Hospital building. With funds raised largely by Alston Callahan, M.D., F.A.C.S., Director of Development, and with the assistance of fellow trustees, the retina research department has been greatly expanded in the last few years. In this article, the seven prestigious retinal investigators are introduced and short summaries of their research aims are presented. All work toward a better understanding of clinical problems which baffle ophthalmologists, as macular degeneration and diabetic eye disease.
The current study aimed to examine the impact of sociodemographic and health-service factors on breast-feeding in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries with high diarrhoea mortality. The study used the most recent and pooled Demographic and Health Survey data sets collected in nine SSA countries with high diarrhoea mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models that adjusted for cluster and sampling weights were used to investigate the association between sociodemographic and health-service factors and breast-feeding in SSA countries. Sub-Saharan Africa with high diarrhoea mortality. Children (n 50 975) under 24 months old (Burkina Faso (2010, N 5710); Demographic Republic of Congo (2013, N 6797); Ethiopia (2013, N 4193); Kenya (2014, N 7024); Mali (2013, N 3802); Niger (2013, N 4930); Nigeria (2013, N 11 712); Tanzania (2015, N 3894); and Uganda (2010, N 2913)). Overall prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) and early initiation of breast-feeding (EIBF) was 35 and 44 %, respectively. Uganda, Ethiopia and Tanzania had higher EBF prevalence compared with Nigeria and Niger. Prevalence of EIBF was highest in Mali and lowest in Kenya. Higher educational attainment and frequent health-service visits of mothers (i.e. antenatal care, postnatal care and delivery at a health facility) were associated with EBF and EIBF. Breast-feeding practices in SSA countries with high diarrhoea mortality varied across geographical regions. To improve breast-feeding behaviours among mothers in SSA countries with high diarrhoea mortality, breast-feeding initiatives and policies should be context-specific, measurable and culturally appropriate, and should focus on all women, particularly mothers from low socio-economic groups with limited health-service access.
Dr. Samuel Patton Hand practiced medicine in Demopolis, Alabama, for many years before his death in 1917. During the last seven years of his life he kept detailed diaries. These diaries have been passed down through the family since his death. These papers review the diaries, which present an intimate look at the life of an Alabama small-town doctor during this period. This first paper deals with the doctor's daily personal and social life, and looks at the transportation in Dr. Hand's day and its effect on his medical practice. The next paper will examine purely medical matters. A third paper will look at excerpts from a notebook or "Pearl book" the doctor kept.
Splenic pseudocysts are rare complications of abdominal trauma. Through rare, these lesions have been well-documented in the literature. According to current classification schemes, approximately 30% of all splenic cysts or pseudocysts result from direct abdominal trauma. The case report herein is an example of a splenic pseudocyst with an atypical presentation. The patient was evaluated and treated for progressive hypertension initially. Inability to control hypertension, and the appearance of symptoms suggesting intra-abdominal pathology prompted radiographic evaluation and surgical consultation. Prompt resolution of the hypertension followed operative resection of the splenic pseudocyst.
1995 marks the centennial year of the discovery of x-rays. The medical profession advanced rapidly following Roentgen's discovery of the x-ray. Every aspect of medicine came to rely on radiology in some way. The x-ray not only revolutionized diagnostic medicine, it transformed therapeutic medicine as well. Only months after its discovery, the x-ray was being used with therapeutic intent, thus began radiation therapy. We can examine the development of radiation oncology in several periods.
Alabama law related to employee work place drug testing consists of the newly enacted drug free work place program, the workers' compensation law and the unemployment compensation law. These laws contain specific requirements relating to the performance of employee drug testing. Physicians will play a key role in the management, supervision and implementation of employer drug testing programs and should become familiar with state and federal laws and regulations pertaining to the operation of those programs.
The causes of therapist-patient sex are complex and multidetermined. Efforts to understand why psychotherapists transgress sexual boundaries are hampered by the lure of reductionism and oversimplification. Most of those who examine this issue would prefer to categorize all such therapists as "bad" and "corrupt" as away of distancing themselves and disavowing any similarities between these therapists and themselves. The pathology of therapists who commit sexual boundary violations generally falls into four broad categories: (1) psychotic disorders, (2) predatory psychopathy and paraphilias, (3) lovesickness, and (4) masochistic surrender. Although a variety of individual psychodynamic factors are involved within each group, this classification is highly useful for informed treatment planning.
Postpartum endometritis remains a major cause of morbidity in the puerperium with a fatal outcome on occasion. We present two cases of fatal, post-cesarean endometritis which occurred within a fifteen month period in Alabama. We discuss the features of endometritis including pathophysiology, causative organisms, risk factors and complications.
Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is still among the leading causes of disease burden and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and the world is not on track to meet targets set for ending the epidemic by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Precise HIV burden information is critical for effective geographic and epidemiological targeting of prevention and treatment interventions. Age- and sex-specific HIV prevalence estimates are widely available at the national level, and region-wide local estimates were recently published for adults overall. We add further dimensionality to previous analyses by estimating HIV prevalence at local scales, stratified into sex-specific 5-year age groups for adults ages 15-59 years across SSA. We analyzed data from 91 seroprevalence surveys and sentinel surveillance among antenatal care clinic (ANC) attendees using model-based geostatistical methods to produce estimates of HIV prevalence across 43 countries in SSA, from years 2000 to 2018, at a 5 × 5-km resolution and presented among second administrative level (typically districts or counties) units. We found substantial variation in HIV prevalence across localities, ages, and sexes that have been masked in earlier analyses. Within-country variation in prevalence in 2018 was a median 3.5 times greater across ages and sexes, compared to for all adults combined. We note large within-district prevalence differences between age groups: for men, 50% of districts displayed at least a 14-fold difference between age groups with the highest and lowest prevalence, and at least a 9-fold difference for women. Prevalence trends also varied over time; between 2000 and 2018, 70% of all districts saw a reduction in prevalence greater than five percentage points in at least one sex and age group. Meanwhile, over 30% of all districts saw at least a five percentage point prevalence increase in one or more sex and age group. As the HIV epidemic persists and evolves in SSA, geographic and demographic shifts in prevention and treatment efforts are necessary. These estimates offer epidemiologically informative detail to better guide more targeted interventions, vital for combating HIV in SSA.
Hernias occurring in the lumbar area are rare. The lumbar area is a broad anatomic area bordered superiorly by the 12th rib, interiorly by iliac crest, medially by the erector spinae muscle and laterally by the external oblique muscle. Acquired hernias occurring in the lumbar area are often diffuse and grotesque appearing and most of them are post operative incisional hernias occurring in nephrectomy incisions. Rarely hernias occur through bicortical surgical defect of iliac crest. We would like to present such a case and review the literature briefly.
There are strong incentives to computerize medical records in the present health care environment, yet medical information is frequently personal and is protected by privacy law and by centuries of a tradition of confidentiality. It is not possible to eliminate all risk of inappropriate disclosure and use of medical information, either in a paper or an electronic system. Computerization of records increases the potential for abuse, but with appropriate attention to security measures, medical data can be made reasonably secure while preserving accessibility for those who truly need the information. Both for technical and legal reasons, paper records are still necessary in 1995, to back up electronic medical databases.
Connecting to the Internet allows health care professionals to access medical information at computer sites worldwide, to search databases, communicate with peers, obtain continuing education, retrieve images and software, obtain drug information and access statistical data. Users can access sites with "virtual patients," search library catalogs, locate jobs and post resumes, and explore conference sites and topics. Rural health care professionals can have access to medical information equivalent to their urban peers. Information is usually available over the Internet much more rapidly than through traditional print methods.
暂无摘要（点击查看详情）