[Overview of the regulatory framework for occupational health technical service institutions in China].

内容摘要

The quality of occupational health technical services directly affects the accuracy of occupational disease prevention and control and the scientific basis of prevention and control decisions. With the further implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy, the supervision of occupational health technical service institutions is undergoing a transition from "heavy pre-approval" to "strengthened in-process and post-process supervision". This paper systematically reviews and compares the relevant laws, regulations, departmental rules, and technical standard systems pertaining to occupational health technical services, and thoroughly examines the issues and deficiencies in the structure of the regulatory framework, grassroots law enforcement capacity, and standard update mechanisms. The study found that China had established a full-process regulatory framework covering five categories of occupational health technical service institutions, with breakthroughs in areas such as "Internet+supervision" and credit-based regulation. However, prominent problems remained in the establishment of regulatory policies, grassroots supervision and enforcement, the updating of technical standards, and industry self-discipline. Therefore, this paper recommends comprehensive measures including the establishment of regulatory system, enhancing grassroots capacity, accelerating the iterative updating of technical standards, and promoting collaborative governance. It also calls for accelerating the development of smart regulation and credit systems to strengthen the legal and technical safeguards for the health rights and interests of workers. 职业健康技术服务的质量直接关系到职业病防治工作是否精准，防控决策是否科学。随着"健康中国"战略的深入推进，职业健康技术服务机构监管正经历从"重事前审批"到"强事中事后监管"转型。本文围绕职业健康技术服务相关法律法规、部门规章及技术标准体系展开系统梳理与比较研究，系统研究监管体系的构成、基层执法能力及标准更新机制等方面存在的问题和不足。研究发现，我国已构建覆盖五类职业健康技术服务机构的全流程监管框架，在"互联网+监管"、信用监管等领域有所突破，但在法规政策建立、基层监督执法、技术标准更新、行业自律约束等方面依然问题突出。因此，建议从法规制度建设、基层能力扩容、技术标准快速迭代、协同治理等方面综合施策，加速智慧监管与信用体系建设，筑牢劳动者健康权益的法律与技术保障。.