The role of pollen monitoring in allergology and otolaryngology: from environmental exposure assessment to personalized patient care.

内容摘要

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Pollen monitoring plays an important role in modern allergy care.<br />Quantitatively determining airborne pollen concentrations serves as a clinically relevant<br />tool for diagnosis, treatment, disease monitoring, and prevention.<br /><strong>Aim:</strong> The study provides an overview of current clinical applications of pollen monitoring<br />in allergology and otolaryngology, and its integration with new technologies<br />that support precision medicine.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> A narrative review of the current scientific literature was conducted, critically<br />analysing publications that connect pollen monitoring, molecular aerobiology,<br />climate change, and digital medical technologies in relation to their clinical applications<br />in allergology and otolaryngology.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Conventional aerobiological monitoring with Hirst-type volumetric samplers<br />remains the established method for quantifying airborne pollen. It provides<br />data on the duration, intensity, and regional variation of exposure to allergenic pollen<br />from sensitising plants. Such information supports the interpretation of clinical<br />symptoms, skin test results, and molecular diagnostics. It is essential in specific<br />allergen immunotherapy, assisting with allergen selection, optimising treatment<br />courses and evaluating outcomes. These data form the basis for allergen avoidance<br />strategies, which are fundamental to prevention. Pollen monitoring also contributes<br />to otolaryngology, informing the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases<br />of the upper respiratory tract. Integrating pollen monitoring with electronic symptom<br />diaries, mobile health applications, and portable measuring devices supports<br />personalised assessment of allergen exposure and advances precision medicine. Automated<br />monitoring systems and artificial intelligence facilitate near real-time transmission<br />of information. Developments in molecular aerobiology have improved the<br />understanding of the relationship between environmental exposure and respiratory<br />symptoms. Long-term pollen monitoring provides insight into the biological impacts<br />of climate change, including changes in the timing, duration, and intensity of pollen<br />seasons, as well as the spread of invasive allergenic species.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pollen monitoring is a clinically significant component of personalised<br />management of allergic respiratory diseases. Integration with advanced technologies<br />is expected to improve diagnostic accuracy, optimise allergen immunotherapy,<br />strengthen preventive strategies, and support the ongoing development of precision<br />medicine.</p&gt.