To explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at front-mu and back-shu points of large intestine on autophagy of Cajal interstitial cells (ICCs) in the colon of rats with slow transit constipation (STC), and to analyze the mechanism of EA for mitigating STC. Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, an EA group, a mosapride group, an EA+rapamycin (RAPA) group and an EA+3-methyladenine (3-MA) group, with 6 rats in each group. The STC model was established by intragastric administration with loperamide hydrochloride. In the EA group, the EA+RAPA group and the EA+3-MA group, EA was operated at bilateral "Tianshu" (ST25) and "Dachangshu" (BL25), with dense-disperse waves (2 Hz/15 Hz in frequency), for 15 min each time. In the mosapride group, intragastric administration with mosapride solution was operated. In the EA+RAPA group and the EA+3-MA group, 30 min before acupuncture, the intraperitoneal injection was administered with RAPA and 3-MA solution, respectively. The intervention was delivered once daily and for consecutive 14 days in each group. After model establishment, the defecation time of the first red fecal particle was recorded in each group. After modeling and intervention, the number of fecal particles and fecal quality were recorded in each group over a 24-hour period. After intervention, the small intestinal propulsion rate was calculated in each group. HE staining was used to observe the histological morphology of colonic tissue, transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of ICCs in the colon tissues, the immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the positive expression of the ICCs marker tyrosine kinase receptor (C-kit) in colonic tissue, the real-time quantitative PCR assay was used to detect C-kit mRNA expression, and Western-blot was used to detect C-kit and autophagy-related protein expression in each group. After modeling, compared with the blank group, the model group exhibited the prolonged defecation time of the first red fecal particle and the reduced number of fecal particles, and the decline of fecal quality and small intestinal propulsion rate (P<0.01). After intervention, compared with the model group, the EA group and the mosapride group showed the increase in the number of fecal particles, fecal quality, and small intestinal propulsion rate (P<0.01). Compared with the EA group, fecal quality and small intestinal propulsion rate were reduced in the EA+RAPA group (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the model group showed the impaired colonic mucosal structure and reduced goblet cell count; and autophagosomes and mitochondrial swelling were markedly observed in the cytoplasm of ICCs. The average fluorescence intensity of C-kit, the mRNA expression of C-kit, and the protein expression of C-kit and P62 all decreased, while the protein expression of LC3 and ATG5 increased in the model group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, all other groups showed the improvements in colonic mucosal structure and ICCs ultrastructure, with the increase in average C-kit fluorescence intensity (P<0.01); the mRNA expression of C-kit and the protein expression of C-kit and P62 were elevated (P<0.01), while the protein expression LC3 and ATG5 were reduced in the EA group (P<0.01). When compared with the EA group, the protein expression of P62 decreased in the EA+3-MA group (P<0.01). Electroacupuncture at front-mu and back-shu point of large intestine can effectively alleviate intestinal motility disorder in rats with slow transit constipation, which may be related to inhibiting excessive autophagy of ICCs and repairing the structure and quantity of ICCs. 目的：观察电针大肠俞募穴对慢传输型便秘（STC）大鼠结肠Cajal间质细胞（ICCs）自噬的影响，探讨电针改善STC的作用机制。 方法：将36只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、电针组、莫沙必利组、电针+雷帕霉素（RAPA）组及电针+3-甲基腺嘌呤（3-MA）组，每组6只。采用盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃法建立STC模型。电针组、电针+3-MA组、电针+RAPA组予以电针双侧“天枢”“大肠俞”干预，选择疏密波（频率2 Hz/15 Hz），每次15 min；莫沙必利组予莫沙必利溶液灌胃；电针+RAPA组在针刺前30 min予RAPA溶液腹腔注射；电针+3-MA组在针刺前30 min予3-MA溶液腹腔注射，以上干预均每日1次，连续14 d。造模后，记录各组大鼠首粒红便排出时间；造模后和干预后，记录各组大鼠24 h排便粒数和粪便质量；干预后，计算各组大鼠小肠推进率，HE染色观察各组大鼠结肠组织形态，透射电镜观察各组大鼠结肠组织ICCs超微结构，免疫荧光法观察各组大鼠结肠组织ICCs标志物酪氨酸激酶受体（C-kit）阳性表达，实时荧光定量PCR法检测各组大鼠结肠组织C-kit mRNA表达，Western-blot法检测各组大鼠结肠组织C-kit及自噬相关蛋白表达。 结果：造模后，与空白组比较，模型组大鼠首粒红便排出时间延长，24 h排便粒数、粪便质量及小肠推进率降低（P<0.01）。干预后，与模型组比较，电针组、莫沙必利组大鼠24 h排便粒数增加、粪便质量及小肠推进率升高（P<0.01）。与电针组比较，电针+RAPA组粪便质量及小肠推进率降低（P<0.01）。与空白组比较，模型组结肠黏膜结构受损，杯状细胞数量减少，ICCs细胞质内可见明显自噬体、线粒体肿胀，C-kit平均荧光强度、C-kit mRNA、C-kit及P62蛋白表达均降低，LC3、ATG5蛋白表达升高（P<0.01）。与模型组比较，其余各组结肠黏膜结构及ICCs超微结构均有所改善，C-kit平均荧光强度升高（P<0.01）；电针组C-kit mRNA、C-kit及P62蛋白表达升高（P<0.01），LC3、ATG5蛋白表达降低（P<0.01）。与电针组比较，电针+RAPA组C-kit mRNA表达升高（P<0.01）；电针+3-MA组P62蛋白表达降低（P<0.01）。 结论：电针大肠俞募穴可有效改善STC大鼠的肠道动力障碍，其作用机制可能为抑制ICCs过度自噬，修复ICCs结构与数量。.
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arXiv · 2026-01-28