Associations between dietary isoflavones and subtypes intakes and the risk of new-onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study from the Chinese health and nutrition survey.

内容摘要

The longitudinal associations between dietary isoflavones and subtype intakes with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains poorly understood. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary isoflavones and subtypes, including genistein, daidzein, and glycitein, with the risk of new-onset T2DM in Chinese adults. A total of 14,652 adults from the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (1997-2015) were enrolled. Intakes of isoflavones and subtypes were assessed through three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and food weighing method. Statistical analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. A total of 1,051 new T2DM cases were diagnosed during a mean of 10&#x202f;years of follow-up. In the fully adjusted models, dietary intakes of isoflavones (p-trend&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.0116), daidzein (p-trend&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.0056), glycitein (p-trend&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.0133) and genistein (p-trend&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.0032) were inversely associated with T2DM risk, respectively. This inverse association remained robust in sensitivity analyses. Region modified the associations between dietary glycitein intakes and risk of T2DM. RCS analysis demonstrated low T2DM risk with the intake range of 10.65-24.58&#x202f;mg isoflavones, 3.80-8.29&#x202f;mg daidzein, 0.70-2.02&#x202f;mg glycitein and 4.97-11.31&#x202f;mg genistein, respectively (p-nonlinear<0.0001). The study provided new evidence for the reference intake of dietary isoflavones and subtypes targeted for the T2DM prevention in Chinese population.