[Advances in the application of manganese dioxide nanomaterials in the treatment of glioblastoma].

内容摘要

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor of the central nervous system. Its treatment is greatly limited due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), tumor heterogeneity, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanomaterials can respond to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have the advantage of integrating diagnosis and therapy, offering significant benefits in GBM treatment. This article reviews the latest advances in the use of MnO2 nanomaterials for GBM diagnosis and therapy, with a focus on MnO2-responsive drug release mechanisms, strategies for penetrating the BBB, regulation of the immune microenvironment, and the advantages of multimodal synergistic therapy for GBM. Furthermore, this article makes an outlook on the clinical application prospects and research directions of MnO2 nanomaterials in GBM treatment. This review systematically summarizes the application rationale and research progress of MnO2 nanomaterials in GBM treatment, aiming to provide novel material strategies and technical references for overcoming the bottlenecks in clinical GBM treatment, and to establish a theoretical basis for the subsequent research and clinical translation of manganese-based nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant brain tumors. 胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma, GBM)是中枢神经系统中最常见且侵袭性最强的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，由于血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier, BBB)的存在、肿瘤的异质性以及免疫抑制性微环境，GBM的治疗受到了极大制约。二氧化锰(MnO2)纳米材料可以在肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment, TME)中响应，并且具备诊疗一体化的优点，在GBM治疗中具有显著的优势。本文综述了MnO2纳米材料在GBM诊疗中的最新进展，重点分析了MnO2响应性药物释放机制、穿透BBB的策略、调控免疫微环境以及多模式协同治疗GBM的优势，并展望了其在临床上的应用前景和研究发展方向。通过系统梳理MnO2纳米材料在GBM治疗中的应用逻辑与实践成果，本文为突破GBM临床治疗瓶颈提供了新型材料思路与技术参考，也为锰基纳米材料在恶性脑肿瘤诊疗领域的后续研究及临床转化奠定了理论基础。.