Research progress of ferroptosis in gynecological diseases.

内容摘要

The concept of ferroptosis debuted as a newly defined programmed cell death in 2012. Among programmed cell death mechanisms, ferroptosis stands out as being fundamentally dependent on iron. At the heart of this mechanism lies the progressive accumulation of lipid peroxides - a chain reaction propelled by available iron, terminating when intracellular levels become fatally toxic. Inhibition of cystine transporters within cells (notably induced by compounds like Erastin) initiates a chain reaction: when intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH) become depleted, downstream suppression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity impedes lipid peroxide clearance, whose accumulation drives the cell toward death upon exceeding a critical concentration. Early-stage experimental models highlight ferroptosis's contribution to propelling high-impact gynecological disease progression, namely precancerous endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer (EC), endometriosis (EMS), and ovarian cancer (OC). Hence, elucidating the intricate regulatory machinery behind ferroptosis in gynecological pathologies bears both theoretical importance and translational promise. This review aimed to systematically synthesize current knowledge on ferroptosis in gynecological diseases and their associated regulatory mechanisms, offering insights relevant to both basic research and clinical application. The article may have systematically linked ferroptosis with various gynecological diseases for the first time, revealing both commonalities and differences in the regulatory networks of ferroptosis across different diseases.By integrating transcriptomics, proteomics, and other omics data, we developed a ferroptosis-related gene prognostic model for gynecological tumors, which may represent the first such effort in this fieldThe elucidation of the complex regulatory network governing ferroptosis in gynecological pathologies holds both theoretical significance and clinical translational promise, prompting this study to systematically integrate existing knowledge within this field.The article also emphasizes that in the early stages of ferroptosis research within gynecological diseases, it demonstrates substantial theoretical and clinical potential, especially in the realms of personalized therapy and precision medicine.Emphasis on ferroptosis’s role in personalized therapy and precision medicine, particularly through its modulation in high-impact gynecological diseases.