[Pathological roles of lipid metabolism disorders in asthma and related intervention strategies].

内容摘要

Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic respiratory disease characterized by airflow obstruction, smooth muscle contraction, and excessive mucus secretion. In recent years, with the increasing prevalence of obesity-associated asthma and advances in technologies such as lipidomics, the central role of lipid metabolism disorders in the pathophysiology of asthma has attracted growing attention. Through regulating energy conversion, inflammatory signal transduction, and the generation of lipid mediators (such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins), lipid metabolism plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of asthma, including inflammatory responses, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. Targeting lipid metabolism has become an important strategy for drug development and has been proven effective. However, no single therapy is currently effective for all patients with asthma. Evaluation of the metabolic status of asthma patients may contribute to more precise phenotyping, while management of lipid nutrition and lifestyle may provide preventive protection for asthma patients. Examining asthma from the perspective of lipid metabolism may provide new theoretical foundations and practical directions for precision therapy. 哮喘是一种异质性的慢性呼吸系统疾病，其病理生理学特征包括气流阻塞、平滑肌收缩、黏液分泌过多。近年来，随着肥胖型哮喘的流行和脂质组学等技术的进步，脂质代谢紊乱在哮喘病理生理学中的核心作用日益受到关注。脂质代谢通过调控能量转换、炎症信号转导及脂质介质(如白三烯、前列腺素)的生成，在哮喘发病机制(如炎症反应、气道高反应性和气道重塑)中发挥关键作用。靶向脂质代谢已成为药物开发策略且被证明有效。然而，目前尚无单一疗法能对所有哮喘患者有效。对哮喘患者进行代谢状态评估，有助于实现更精准的分型;对脂质营养与生活方式进行管理，有望为哮喘患者提供预防性保护。从脂质代谢角度审视哮喘能为精准治疗提供新的理论依据和实践方向。.