[Research progress and clinical practice considerations on assessment tools for gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants and young children].

内容摘要

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in infants and young children is a common digestive disorder with diverse clinical manifestations that often overlap with physiological reflux and behavioral expressions, creating diagnostic challenges. Comprehensive searches were conducted in English- and Chinese-language databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data, to review the epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, and impacts of GERD on children and their families. Particular emphasis is placed on four principal assessment tools [Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire (I-GERQ), GERD Symptom Questionnaire for Infants/Young Children (GSQ-I/YC), I-GERQ Revised (I-GERQ-R), and Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux Scale for Infants and Toddlers (GIGER)], appraising their development background, structural characteristics, reliability, validity, and clinical application value. The aim is to support early identification, standardized assessment, and individualized management of GERD in infants and young children. Evidence indicates that the I-GERQ-R shows high specificity, good reliability and validity, and cross-cultural applicability, and is currently recommended for symptom assessment and treatment-response monitoring in GERD among infants and young children, while the GIGER scale shows potential for comprehensive screening. Future research should prioritize translation and development of Chinese versions of GERD questionnaires for infants and young children, as well as the establishment of a multidimensional assessment system. 婴幼儿胃食管反流病（gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD）是婴幼儿期常见的消化道疾病，其临床表现多样，常与生理性反流和行为表现重叠，致使诊断存在挑战。该文通过系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网和万方数据等中英文数据库，系统综述了婴幼儿GERD的流行病学特征、临床表现及其对患儿和家庭的影响，重点评价了4种主要评估工具（I⁃GERQ、GSQ⁃I/YC、I⁃GERQ⁃R和GIGER量表）的开发背景、结构特点、信效度及临床应用价值，旨在为婴幼儿GERD的早期识别、标准化评估及个体化管理提供理论依据与实践参考。该文发现I⁃GERQ⁃R具有较高的特异性、良好的信效度和跨文化适用性，是目前推荐用于婴幼儿GERD症状评估与疗效监测的有效工具，GIGER量表在全面筛查方面展现出潜力;未来研究应致力于汉化及开发中文版本婴幼儿GERD问卷并建立多维度评估体系。.