Objective: To explore the baseline demographic characteristics of women seeking induced abortion, the proportion of repeat induced abortion, the trend from 2019 through 2021 and risk factors of repeat induced abortions within the framework of the Prospective Cohort of Induced Abortion and Future Pregnancy Outcomes. Methods: Based on the Prospective Cohort of Induced Abortion and Future Pregnancy Outcomes, women seeking abortion due to unwanted pregnancy were recruited from 10 clinical research centers across the country, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect information on age, marital status, pregnancy and childbirth status, and induced abortion and so on. Baseline data of subjects recruited from the beginning of the cohort in 2019 to the end of 2021 were extracted for this study, and were statistically analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 software. χ2 test was used to compare the differences between years and characteristics associated with repeat induced abortion, linear by linear association test was used for the trend test, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of repeat induced abortion. Results: A total of 8 990 women with complete key baseline information from the beginning of the cohort in 2019 to the end of 2021 were included in this study. (1) The average age at the time of induced abortion was (28.9±5.1) years (range: 16-49 years); among all these women, 64.2% (5 776/8 990) were aged 25-34 years, 27.8% (2 496/8 990) were unmarried, 70.9% (6 378/8 990) had junior college or above educational background, and 48.8% (4 391/8 990) were clerks (including teachers, doctors, civil servants, etc.). (2) The proportion of repeat induced abortion was 43.3% (3 897/8 990), with no statistical significance between different years (P>0.05). (3) Age, marital status, education, occupation, smoking, alcohol consumption, number of children and reason for current unintended pregnancy were independent risk factors for repeat induced abortion (all P<0.05). The strongest factors associated significantly with repeat induced abortion were: age≥40 years (OR=17.249, 95%CI: 9.535-31.203), remarried, divorced or widowed (OR=2.209, 95%CI: 1.595-3.059), frequency of alcohol consumption>1 drink/week (OR=2.098, 95%CI: 1.239-3.550), frequency of smoking≥5 cigarettes/day (OR=1.938, 95%CI: 1.267-2.966), number of children≥2 (OR=1.643, 95%CI: 1.356-1.992), master's degree or higher education level (OR=0.351, 95%CI: 0.267-0.460). Conclusions: The 2019 to 2021 baseline information of the cohort reveals the characteristics of women seeking abortions, with the situation of repeated induced abortion still serious. Women who are with advanced maternal age, low educational level, unstable marital status, unemployed, smoking, drinking, with high frequency of sexual exposure, having more children, and using contraception but contraceptive failure in current unintended pregnancy carry an increased risk of repeat induced abortions. There is an urgent need for effective tertiary prevention interventions for unintended pregnancy and subsequent induced abortion, including early and universal access to sexual and reproductive health education, contraceptive delivery services, postpartum contraceptive services and emergency contraceptive services, and sustaining and strengthening post abortion care services. Promoting consistent and correct use of highly effective contraception is critical. 目的： 分析“人工流产生育风险前瞻性队列”内2019—2021年人工流产妇女的特征以及3年重复人工流产的发生情况、趋势变化，并探索重复人工流产的影响因素。 方法： 基于自2019年开始建立的“人工流产生育风险前瞻性队列”，即在全国10家临床研究中心招募因非意愿妊娠而实施人工流产的妇女，通过调查问卷收集年龄、婚姻状况、孕产状况、人工流产等相关信息，本研究数据截至2021年12月。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析，描述不同特征妇女的分布情况，通过χ2检验、线性趋势χ2检验分析不同年份重复人工流产构成差异及变化趋势，多因素logistic回归分析重复人工流产的影响因素。 结果： 共8 990例符合条件的人工流产妇女纳入本研究。（1）观察对象基本人口学特征：人工流产妇女的年龄为（28.9±5.1）岁（范围：16~49岁），年龄构成以25~34岁年龄段为主，占64.2%（5 776/8 990）；婚姻构成中未婚占27.8%（2 496/8 990）；文化程度在大专及以上教育水平占70.9%（6 378/8 990）；职业分布以职员（包括教师、医生、公务员等）为主，占48.8%（4 391/8 990）。（2）3年重复人工流产妇女3 897例，占比43.3%（3 897/8 990），不同纳入年份间重复人工流产构成无差异，2019—2021年本研究队列重复人工流产构成始终在43%左右的水平，变化趋势平稳（χ2=0.614，P=0.736）。（3）年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、吸烟、饮酒、性生活频率、生育子女数以及本次非意愿妊娠的原因（未避孕或避孕失败）是重复人工流产的独立影响因素（P均<0.05），关联最强的因素有：年龄40~49岁（OR=17.249，95%CI为9.535~31.203）、再婚、离婚或丧偶（OR=2.209，95%CI为1.595~3.059）、饮酒频率>1次/周（OR=2.098，95%CI为1.239~3.550）、吸烟频率≥5支/d（OR=1.938，95%CI为1.267~2.966）、生育子女数≥2个（OR=1.643，95%CI为1.356~1.992）、硕士及以上教育水平（OR=0.351，95%CI为0.267~0.460）。 结论： 本研究队列2019—2021年的基线信息揭示了人工流产妇女的特征，重复人工流产形势依然严峻，年龄大、文化程度低、婚姻关系不稳定、无正式工作、吸烟、饮酒、性生活频率高、生育子女多及本次非意愿妊娠使用了避孕方法但避孕失败的妇女重复人工流产风险高，亟需采取有效的非意愿妊娠及人工流产三级预防干预措施，及早普及性与生殖健康教育、免费避孕药具提供服务及产后避孕服务，持续并加强开展流产后关爱服务；促进坚持和正确使用高效避孕方法应是重点。.
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PubMed · 2026-04-25
PubMed · 2026-02-25