[Construction and application of an environmental health index for residents in Shenzhen under exposure to air pollutants].

内容摘要

Objective: To construct a Shenzhen-specific Environmental Health Index (EHI) for residents, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of environmental exposure and health effects. Methods: Based on the "driving force-pressure-state-exposure-effect-action" framework, indicators of environmental health under air pollutant exposure were systematically identified. Meteorological monitoring data and population health information from Shenzhen were collected for 2019-2023. Correlation analysis, the coefficient of variation method, the entropy method, and the weighted comprehensive evaluation method were applied to establish the indicator system, determine weights, and calculate the EHI. Results: The final indicator system comprised 6 dimensions, 13 secondary indicators, and 33 tertiary indicators. Among them, the effect dimension carried the highest weight (0.35) and served as the core orientation, followed by the state dimension (0.25) and the action dimension (0.16). From 2019 to 2023, Shenzhen residents' EHI scores were 72.50, 82.45, 75.10, 86.30, and 81.82, respectively, showing an overall upward but fluctuating trend. Conclusion: The constructed indicator system overcomes the limitation of single-dimensional evaluation and enables multi-factor coupling analysis between environmental exposure and health effects. Its core value lies in establishing a quantitative policy feedback mechanism, which drives environmental health management toward a full-chain transformation of "pressure-state-exposure- effect-action." 目的： 构建具有深圳市特色的居民环境健康指数，实现环境暴露与健康效应的综合评价。 方法： 基于驱动力-压力-状态-暴露-效应-响应框架梳理大气污染暴露下居民环境健康指标，选取2019-2023年深圳市气象数据及全民健康信息平台数据，采用相关性分析、变异系数分析、熵值法和加权综合评价法，构建指标体系并确定权重，进而计算居民环境健康指数。 结果： 最终构建的指标体系涵盖6个维度、13个二级指标和33个三级指标，其中效应维度权重最高（0.35），为核心导向；状态维度（0.25）与响应维度（0.16）次之。2019-2023年环境健康指数得分依次为72.50、82.45、75.10、86.30、81.82分，整体呈波动上升趋势。 结论： 所构建的指标体系突破了单一维度局限，实现了对环境暴露与健康效应的多要素耦合分析。其核心价值在于通过量化评估形成政策反馈机制，推动环境健康管理向“压力-暴露-效应-响应”的全链条转型。.