Debates Paper: COVID-19 and urban informality: Exploring the implications of the pandemic for the politics of planning and inequality.

内容摘要

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a major contradiction in contemporary urban planning. This is the relationship between the entrepreneurial modes of urban politics that shape contemporary planning practice and the interrelated dynamics of economic precarity and informalisation of low-income communities that exacerbate contagion, and therefore enable pandemic spread. Through a review of literature on the urban dimensions of COVID-19, and on the historical relationship between pandemics and urban planning, we develop a framework for analysing the debates that are emerging around planning approaches to addressing contemporary pandemic risk in low-income, informalised communities. We argue that post-pandemic debates about urban planning responses are likely to take shape around three discourses that have framed approaches to addressing informalised communities under entrepreneurial urbanism - a revanchist approach based on territorial stigmatisation of spaces of the poor, an incrementalist approach premised on addressing the most immediate drivers of contagion, and a reformist approach that seeks to address the structural conditions that have produced economic precarity and shelter informality. We further argue that any effort to assess the political outfall of the COVID-19 pandemic in a given context needs to take an inter-scalar approach, analysing how debates over informality take shape at the urban and national scales. 新冠疫情凸显了当代城市规划中的一个主要矛盾。即影响当代规划实践的城市政治创业模式与经济不稳定和低收入社区非正规化这些相互关联因素之间的矛盾，这些因素加剧了传染，从而使流行病蔓延。通过研究有关新冠城市层面的文献，以及关于流行病与城市规划之间历史关系的文献，我们制定了一个框架来分析关于某些规划方案的争论，这些规划方案旨在解决低收入、非正规社区中的当代流行病风险。我们认为，在后疫情时代，关于城市规划响应的争论可能会围绕三种话语形式产生，这些话语构成了在创业型城市化下，应对非正正规社区的方法。这些方法包括：复仇主义方法，该方法基于对穷人空间的领土污名化；渐进主义方法， 此方法基于导致传染病发生的最直接因素的解决；以及改革主义方法，该方法寻求解决导致经济不稳定和住房非正规性的结构性条件。我们进一步指出，任何评估在特定背景下新冠疫情的政治争论的研究，都需要采取跨标量的方法，分析关于非正规性的争论是如何在城市和国家范围内形成的。.